US3356546A - Safety blasting composition with a metal formate as a fuel - Google Patents

Safety blasting composition with a metal formate as a fuel Download PDF

Info

Publication number
US3356546A
US3356546A US593721A US59372166A US3356546A US 3356546 A US3356546 A US 3356546A US 593721 A US593721 A US 593721A US 59372166 A US59372166 A US 59372166A US 3356546 A US3356546 A US 3356546A
Authority
US
United States
Prior art keywords
explosive
weight
fuel
composition
metal formate
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US593721A
Inventor
Dick William
Gurton Owen Allen
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Imperial Chemical Industries Ltd
Original Assignee
Imperial Chemical Industries Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from GB5098265A external-priority patent/GB1098107A/en
Application filed by Imperial Chemical Industries Ltd filed Critical Imperial Chemical Industries Ltd
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US3356546A publication Critical patent/US3356546A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C06—EXPLOSIVES; MATCHES
    • C06B—EXPLOSIVES OR THERMIC COMPOSITIONS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS EXPLOSIVES
    • C06B23/00—Compositions characterised by non-explosive or non-thermic constituents
    • C06B23/04—Compositions characterised by non-explosive or non-thermic constituents for cooling the explosion gases including antifouling and flash suppressing agents
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C06—EXPLOSIVES; MATCHES
    • C06B—EXPLOSIVES OR THERMIC COMPOSITIONS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS EXPLOSIVES
    • C06B31/00—Compositions containing an inorganic nitrogen-oxygen salt
    • C06B31/28—Compositions containing an inorganic nitrogen-oxygen salt the salt being ammonium nitrate
    • C06B31/32—Compositions containing an inorganic nitrogen-oxygen salt the salt being ammonium nitrate with a nitrated organic compound
    • C06B31/44—Compositions containing an inorganic nitrogen-oxygen salt the salt being ammonium nitrate with a nitrated organic compound the compound being nitroglycerine
    • C06B31/48—Compositions containing an inorganic nitrogen-oxygen salt the salt being ammonium nitrate with a nitrated organic compound the compound being nitroglycerine with other explosive or thermic component
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C06—EXPLOSIVES; MATCHES
    • C06B—EXPLOSIVES OR THERMIC COMPOSITIONS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS EXPLOSIVES
    • C06B31/00—Compositions containing an inorganic nitrogen-oxygen salt
    • C06B31/28—Compositions containing an inorganic nitrogen-oxygen salt the salt being ammonium nitrate
    • C06B31/32—Compositions containing an inorganic nitrogen-oxygen salt the salt being ammonium nitrate with a nitrated organic compound
    • C06B31/56—Compositions containing an inorganic nitrogen-oxygen salt the salt being ammonium nitrate with a nitrated organic compound the compound being nitrocellulose present as less than 10% by weight of the total composition

Definitions

  • the explosives contain, by we ght, 12-25% self-explosive sensitising agent such as mt roglycerine, nitroglycol or nitrotoluene, 25-50% oxidising salt such as metal nitrates and ammonium nitrate, -30% flame quenching salt such as metal chlorides and ammonium chloride and 440% metal formate as fuel, the latter being free from fibrous cellulosic material.
  • self-explosive sensitising agent such as mt roglycerine, nitroglycol or nitrotoluene
  • 25-50% oxidising salt such as metal nitrates and ammonium nitrate
  • -30% flame quenching salt such as metal chlorides and ammonium chloride and 440% metal formate as fuel, the latter being free from fibrous cellulosic material.
  • This invention is a modification of the invention described in British specification No. 1,016,462 and relates to improved safety blasting explosive compositions for use in gassy mines.
  • a safety blasting explosive composition of this invention comprises 12 and 25% by Weight of self-explosive sensitising ingredient, oxidising salt and flame quenching salt in such concentrations that the composition has a power (by weight) of 30 to 50% Blasting Gelatine, the fuel material comprising metal formate and being free from fibrous cellulosic material.
  • the power decreases with increasing concentrations of flame quenching salt and increases with increasing concentration of the reacting ingredients.
  • the available oxygen of the oxidising salt may be substantially balanced by the formate.
  • the salfexplosive sensitising ingredient may, for example, comprise liquid nitric ester such as, for example, nitroglycerine or nitroglycol which may conveniently be gelatinised with a proportion of nitrocellulose.
  • the metal formate may conveniently constitute 4 to 40% by weight of the composition and may constitute substantially all the fuel present in the composition.
  • Metal formates which may conveniently be used include sodium, potassium, calicum, magnesium, barium and lead formates, and of these we prefer calcium formate because of its ready availability, low solubility and its nou-hydroscopic and non-toxic character.
  • explosives comprising sodium or ammonium chloride as flame quenching salts and ammonium nitrate as an oxidising salt the preferred composition comprises (by weight) 13 to 20% of liquid nitric ester, 30 to 50% ammonium nitrate, 10 to 30% sodium or ammonium chloride and 20 to 30% of metal formate.
  • the preferred composition comprises (by weight) 13 to 20% liquid nitric ester, 8 to 20% ammonium nitrate, 20 to 30% ammonium chloride, 25 to 40% sodium nitrate and 5 to 20% metal formate.
  • the explosive compositions of the examples were prepared in a conventional manner and the power and velocity were determined by known methods. In the propagation test the maximum distance for end to end propagation of detonation across an air gap from an initiated cartridge to a receptor cartridge was determined.
  • dia. cartridge was placed upright on the ground and 10 grams of a defiagrating composition were poured into the opened end of the cartridge and ignited -by a fuse.
  • the defiagrating composition consisted of 30% black copper oxide, 60% calcium silicide, 10% red ochre.
  • a safety blasting explosive for gassy mines comprising 12 to 25 by weight of an explosive sensitiser selected from the group consisting of self-explosive liquid nitric esters of polyhydric alcohols, trinitrotoluene and nitrocellulose, 25 to 50% by weight of an oxidising salt selected from the group consisting of alkali metal nitrates and ammonium nitrate, to 30% by weight of a compound selected from the group consisting of metal chloride and ammonium chloride, and, as fuel, 4 to 40% by weight of metal formate, the explosive composition being free from fibrous cellulosic material.
  • an explosive sensitiser selected from the group consisting of self-explosive liquid nitric esters of polyhydric alcohols, trinitrotoluene and nitrocellulose
  • an oxidising salt selected from the group consisting of alkali metal nitrates and ammonium nitrate
  • a compound selected from the group consisting of metal chloride and ammonium chloride selected from the group consist
  • a safety blasting explosive composition as claimed in claim 1 comprising (by weight) 13 to 20% liquid nitric ester, 30 to 50% of ammonium nitrate, 10 to 30% of a compound selected from the group consisting of sodium chloride and ammonium chloride and 20 to 30% of metal formate.
  • a safety blasting explosive composition as claimed in 4- claim 1 comprising (by weight) 13 to 20% liquid nitric ester, 8 to 20% ammonium nitrate, 20 to ammonium chloride, 25 to sodium nitrate and 5 to 20% metal formate.

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Emergency Medicine (AREA)
  • Air Bags (AREA)

Description

United States. Patent 3,356,546 SAFETY BLASTING COMPOSITION WITH A METAL FORMATE AS A FUEL William Dick, Stevenston, and Owen Allen G urton, Fairlie, Ayrshire, Scotland, assignors to Imperial Chemical Industries Limited, London, England, a corporation of Great Britain No Drawing. Filed Nov. 14, 1966, Ser. No. 593,721 Claims priority, application Great Britain,
Dec. 1, 1965, 50,982/65 5 Claims. (Cl. 149-47) ABSTRACT OF THE DISCLOSURE Safety blasting explosives which do not burn under atmospheric pressure and which have lessened tendency to ignite fire-damp. The explosives contain, by we ght, 12-25% self-explosive sensitising agent such as mt roglycerine, nitroglycol or nitrotoluene, 25-50% oxidising salt such as metal nitrates and ammonium nitrate, -30% flame quenching salt such as metal chlorides and ammonium chloride and 440% metal formate as fuel, the latter being free from fibrous cellulosic material.
This invention is a modification of the invention described in British specification No. 1,016,462 and relates to improved safety blasting explosive compositions for use in gassy mines.
In British specification No. 1,016,462 safety explosives were described and claimed which comprised 7 to 12% by weight of self-explosive sensitising ingredient, fuel material, oxidising salt and flame quenching salt in such concentrations that the composition had a power (by weight) of 30 to 45% Blasting Gelatine, the fuel material comprising metal formate and being free from fibrous cellulosic material. These explosives, in addition to being very safe for use in coal mines where a danger of the ignition of fire-damp existed, had the further advantage that they could not be caused to burn in a borehole by the detonation of an adjacent cartridge.
The very high degree of safety in fire-damp which these explosives afforded in only necessary in mining conditions where there is a danger of gas filled breaks crossing or being formed across the shotholes. In other conditions such as blasting in solid coal it is possible to use explosives of -a higher power, higher velocity of detonation and containing higher proportions of selfexplosive sensitising material.
Hitherto these more sensitive safety explosives have usually contained fibrous cellulosic material as fuel and were inflammable under atmospheric pressure. We have now found that by eliminating the fibrous cellulosic material and incorporating, as a fuel component, a metal formate, safety explosives may be prepared which will not burn under atmospheric pressure, and which contain up to 25% of self-explosive sensitising ingredient and have powers of up to 50% Blasting Gelatine. These explosives also have less tendency to ignite fire-damp than corresponding explosives containing fibrous cellulosic fuel. Thus a safety blasting explosive composition of this invention comprises 12 and 25% by Weight of self-explosive sensitising ingredient, oxidising salt and flame quenching salt in such concentrations that the composition has a power (by weight) of 30 to 50% Blasting Gelatine, the fuel material comprising metal formate and being free from fibrous cellulosic material. The power decreases with increasing concentrations of flame quenching salt and increases with increasing concentration of the reacting ingredients. The available oxygen of the oxidising salt may be substantially balanced by the formate. The salfexplosive sensitising ingredient may, for example, comprise liquid nitric ester such as, for example, nitroglycerine or nitroglycol which may conveniently be gelatinised with a proportion of nitrocellulose. It may also comprise nitrated hydrocarbons such as nitrotoluene. The metal formate may conveniently constitute 4 to 40% by weight of the composition and may constitute substantially all the fuel present in the composition. Metal formates which may conveniently be used include sodium, potassium, calicum, magnesium, barium and lead formates, and of these we prefer calcium formate because of its ready availability, low solubility and its nou-hydroscopic and non-toxic character. In explosives comprising sodium or ammonium chloride as flame quenching salts and ammonium nitrate as an oxidising salt the preferred composition comprises (by weight) 13 to 20% of liquid nitric ester, 30 to 50% ammonium nitrate, 10 to 30% sodium or ammonium chloride and 20 to 30% of metal formate.
In explosives of the so-called exchanged-ion kind in which sodium nitrate constitutes at least a proportion of the oxidising ingredient and at least a proportion of flame quenching ions is provided by ammonium chloride, the preferred composition comprises (by weight) 13 to 20% liquid nitric ester, 8 to 20% ammonium nitrate, 20 to 30% ammonium chloride, 25 to 40% sodium nitrate and 5 to 20% metal formate.
The invention is further illustrated by the following examples in which all parts and percentages are by weight.
Examples Details and properties of examples in accordance with the invention are included in the following table:
Example n Burning Test Fails to burn.
The explosive compositions of the examples were prepared in a conventional manner and the power and velocity were determined by known methods. In the propagation test the maximum distance for end to end propagation of detonation across an air gap from an initiated cartridge to a receptor cartridge was determined.
In the burning tests a 1%," dia. cartridge was placed upright on the ground and 10 grams of a defiagrating composition were poured into the opened end of the cartridge and ignited -by a fuse. The defiagrating composition consisted of 30% black copper oxide, 60% calcium silicide, 10% red ochre.
When this test fas carried out on a conventional explosive containing a fibrous cellulosic fuel, the explosive was invariably ignited by the defiagrating composition and continued to burn or smoulder. None of the compositions of examples continued to burn after the deflagrating composition was exhausted.
What we claim is:
1. A safety blasting explosive for gassy mines comprising 12 to 25 by weight of an explosive sensitiser selected from the group consisting of self-explosive liquid nitric esters of polyhydric alcohols, trinitrotoluene and nitrocellulose, 25 to 50% by weight of an oxidising salt selected from the group consisting of alkali metal nitrates and ammonium nitrate, to 30% by weight of a compound selected from the group consisting of metal chloride and ammonium chloride, and, as fuel, 4 to 40% by weight of metal formate, the explosive composition being free from fibrous cellulosic material.
2. A safety blasting explosive as in claim 1 wherein said explosive sensitiser is selected from the group consisting of nitroglycerine, nitroglycol and trinitrotoluene.
3. A safety blasting explosive composition as claimed in claim 1 wherein the metal formate is selected from the group consisting of sodium, potassium, calcium, magnesium, barium and lead formates.
4. A safety blasting explosive composition as claimed in claim 1 comprising (by weight) 13 to 20% liquid nitric ester, 30 to 50% of ammonium nitrate, 10 to 30% of a compound selected from the group consisting of sodium chloride and ammonium chloride and 20 to 30% of metal formate.
5. A safety blasting explosive composition as claimed in 4- claim 1 comprising (by weight) 13 to 20% liquid nitric ester, 8 to 20% ammonium nitrate, 20 to ammonium chloride, 25 to sodium nitrate and 5 to 20% metal formate.
References Cited UNITED STATES PATENTS CARL D. QUARFORTH, Primary Examiner. BENJAMIN R. PADGE'IT, Examiner. S. I. LECHERT, JR., Assistant Examiner.

Claims (1)

1. A SAFETY BLASTING EXPLOSIVE FOR GASSY MINES COMPRISING 12 TO 25% BY WEIGHT OF AN EXPLOSIVE SENSITISER SELECTED FROM THE GROUP CONSISTING OF SELF-EXPLOSIVE LIQUID NITRIC ESTERS OF POLYDYDRIC ALCOHOLS, TRINITROTOLUENE AND NITROCELLULOSE, 25 TO 50% BY WEIGHT OF AN OXIDISING SALT SELECTED FROM THE GROUP CONSISTING OF ALKAKI METAL NITRATES AND AMMONIUM NITRATE, 10 TO 30% BY WEIGHT OF A COMPOUND SELECTED FROM THE GROUP CONSISTING OF METAL CHLORIDE AND AMMONIUM CHLORIDE, AND, AS FUEL, 4 TO 40% BY WEIGHT OF METAL FORMATE, THE EXPLOSIVE COMPOSITION BEING FREE FROM FIBROUS CELLULOSIC MATERIAL.
US593721A 1963-12-30 1966-11-14 Safety blasting composition with a metal formate as a fuel Expired - Lifetime US3356546A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB5119263 1963-12-30
GB5098265A GB1098107A (en) 1965-12-01 1965-12-01 Safety explosive

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3356546A true US3356546A (en) 1967-12-05

Family

ID=26266776

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US593721A Expired - Lifetime US3356546A (en) 1963-12-30 1966-11-14 Safety blasting composition with a metal formate as a fuel

Country Status (4)

Country Link
US (1) US3356546A (en)
BE (2) BE657561A (en)
DE (1) DE1239967B (en)
FR (2) FR1435849A (en)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4424087A (en) 1981-07-01 1984-01-03 Aktiebolaget Bofors Method for desensitizing particle formed solid explosive substances

Citations (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US907007A (en) * 1907-09-11 1908-12-15 Norbert Ceipek Safety-explosive.
US953798A (en) * 1908-12-05 1910-04-05 Gershom Moore Peters Safety-powder for blasting.
US994273A (en) * 1910-02-28 1911-06-06 Gershom Moore Peters Safety-powder for blasting.
US1048578A (en) * 1910-03-12 1912-12-31 Gershom M Peters Safety-powder for blasting.
US2481795A (en) * 1945-01-17 1949-09-13 Ici Ltd Explosives suitable for safety blasting explosives
US2513531A (en) * 1944-11-15 1950-07-04 Ici Ltd Safety sheathed blasting explosive cartridge
US2613146A (en) * 1950-05-05 1952-10-07 Ici Ltd Unsheathed safety explosive composition
US2736262A (en) * 1950-03-29 1956-02-28 Low density safety ammonium nitrate
US2839374A (en) * 1952-11-19 1958-06-17 Ici Ltd Explosive compositions

Family Cites Families (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE317030C (en) *
DE360400C (en) * 1917-09-02 1922-10-02 Chem Fab Von Heyden Akt Ges Process for the manufacture of ammonium nitrate explosives
GB597716A (en) * 1945-08-24 1948-02-02 John Whetstone Improvements in or relating to explosives containing ammonium nitrate
GB882583A (en) * 1957-01-05 1961-11-15 Prb Nv Safety explosives
GB882584A (en) * 1957-12-17 1961-11-15 Prb Nv Safety explosives
NL109628C (en) * 1958-11-12

Patent Citations (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US907007A (en) * 1907-09-11 1908-12-15 Norbert Ceipek Safety-explosive.
US953798A (en) * 1908-12-05 1910-04-05 Gershom Moore Peters Safety-powder for blasting.
US994273A (en) * 1910-02-28 1911-06-06 Gershom Moore Peters Safety-powder for blasting.
US1048578A (en) * 1910-03-12 1912-12-31 Gershom M Peters Safety-powder for blasting.
US2513531A (en) * 1944-11-15 1950-07-04 Ici Ltd Safety sheathed blasting explosive cartridge
US2481795A (en) * 1945-01-17 1949-09-13 Ici Ltd Explosives suitable for safety blasting explosives
US2736262A (en) * 1950-03-29 1956-02-28 Low density safety ammonium nitrate
US2613146A (en) * 1950-05-05 1952-10-07 Ici Ltd Unsheathed safety explosive composition
US2839374A (en) * 1952-11-19 1958-06-17 Ici Ltd Explosive compositions

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4424087A (en) 1981-07-01 1984-01-03 Aktiebolaget Bofors Method for desensitizing particle formed solid explosive substances

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
BE657561A (en) 1965-06-23
BE690098A (en) 1967-05-23
FR91362E (en) 1968-10-23
FR1435849A (en) 1966-04-22
DE1239967B (en) 1967-05-03

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
US3423256A (en) Explosives containing an impact-sensitive liquid nitrated polyol and trimethylolethane trinitrate and process of conitrating mixtures of polyols and trimethylol ethane
US3634153A (en) Noncorrosive pyrotechnic composition
US1890112A (en) Igniter charge for blasting caps
Oxley The chemistry of explosives
US4570540A (en) LOVA Type black powder propellant surrogate
US3617405A (en) Incendiary composition containing a metal, metal alloy, oxidizer salt, and nitrated organic compound
US3356546A (en) Safety blasting composition with a metal formate as a fuel
US3369944A (en) Thickened aqueous detonator composition containing a brisant explosive
US3278350A (en) Explosive-ammonium nitrate in phenol-aldehyde resin
US2708623A (en) Explosive compound, process of making same and a composition thereof
US2338120A (en) Explosive composition
US2007223A (en) Ignition composition
US3096223A (en) Slurry blasting explosives containing inorganic prechlorate or chlorate
US2839374A (en) Explosive compositions
NO122692B (en)
US2154416A (en) Nondetonating blasting explosive
US1797509A (en) Electric blasting cap and ignition material for the same
US2929698A (en) Explosive
US2116514A (en) Priming compositions
US2829036A (en) Fire damp proof explosive compositions
US2124568A (en) Priming composition
US3235424A (en) High density water-containing blasting materials containing ferrosilicon and ammonium nitrate
US3296042A (en) Explosive containing oxidizing salt, organic nitro-compound, and hydrophilic colloid
US3357873A (en) Explosive composition comprising a nitric acid ester of a polyvalent alcohol and theternary salt mixture of ammonium chloride, an alkali nitrate, and an alkaline earth carbonate
US1305846A (en) Charles e