US3356444A - Varying-tone colour effects in synthetic fibre fabrics - Google Patents

Varying-tone colour effects in synthetic fibre fabrics Download PDF

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Publication number
US3356444A
US3356444A US344536A US34453664A US3356444A US 3356444 A US3356444 A US 3356444A US 344536 A US344536 A US 344536A US 34453664 A US34453664 A US 34453664A US 3356444 A US3356444 A US 3356444A
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United States
Prior art keywords
yarns
varying
filaments
colour effects
tone
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Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US344536A
Inventor
Haworth Derek
Parikh Anil Chandrakant
Turner John Charles
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
British Nylon Spinners Ltd
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British Nylon Spinners Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from GB6949/63A external-priority patent/GB1017155A/en
Priority claimed from DEN15275U external-priority patent/DE1883149U/en
Application filed by British Nylon Spinners Ltd filed Critical British Nylon Spinners Ltd
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US3356444A publication Critical patent/US3356444A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06C—FINISHING, DRESSING, TENTERING OR STRETCHING TEXTILE FABRICS
    • D06C29/00—Finishing or dressing, of textile fabrics, not provided for in the preceding groups
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D03—WEAVING
    • D03D—WOVEN FABRICS; METHODS OF WEAVING; LOOMS
    • D03D15/00—Woven fabrics characterised by the material, structure or properties of the fibres, filaments, yarns, threads or other warp or weft elements used
    • D03D15/20—Woven fabrics characterised by the material, structure or properties of the fibres, filaments, yarns, threads or other warp or weft elements used characterised by the material of the fibres or filaments constituting the yarns or threads
    • D03D15/283—Woven fabrics characterised by the material, structure or properties of the fibres, filaments, yarns, threads or other warp or weft elements used characterised by the material of the fibres or filaments constituting the yarns or threads synthetic polymer-based, e.g. polyamide or polyester fibres
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D03—WEAVING
    • D03D—WOVEN FABRICS; METHODS OF WEAVING; LOOMS
    • D03D15/00—Woven fabrics characterised by the material, structure or properties of the fibres, filaments, yarns, threads or other warp or weft elements used
    • D03D15/40—Woven fabrics characterised by the material, structure or properties of the fibres, filaments, yarns, threads or other warp or weft elements used characterised by the structure of the yarns or threads
    • D03D15/44—Woven fabrics characterised by the material, structure or properties of the fibres, filaments, yarns, threads or other warp or weft elements used characterised by the structure of the yarns or threads with specific cross-section or surface shape
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D03—WEAVING
    • D03D—WOVEN FABRICS; METHODS OF WEAVING; LOOMS
    • D03D15/00—Woven fabrics characterised by the material, structure or properties of the fibres, filaments, yarns, threads or other warp or weft elements used
    • D03D15/50—Woven fabrics characterised by the material, structure or properties of the fibres, filaments, yarns, threads or other warp or weft elements used characterised by the properties of the yarns or threads
    • D03D15/54—Woven fabrics characterised by the material, structure or properties of the fibres, filaments, yarns, threads or other warp or weft elements used characterised by the properties of the yarns or threads coloured
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D03—WEAVING
    • D03D—WOVEN FABRICS; METHODS OF WEAVING; LOOMS
    • D03D15/00—Woven fabrics characterised by the material, structure or properties of the fibres, filaments, yarns, threads or other warp or weft elements used
    • D03D15/50—Woven fabrics characterised by the material, structure or properties of the fibres, filaments, yarns, threads or other warp or weft elements used characterised by the properties of the yarns or threads
    • D03D15/547—Woven fabrics characterised by the material, structure or properties of the fibres, filaments, yarns, threads or other warp or weft elements used characterised by the properties of the yarns or threads with optical functions other than colour, e.g. comprising light-emitting fibres
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D03—WEAVING
    • D03D—WOVEN FABRICS; METHODS OF WEAVING; LOOMS
    • D03D27/00—Woven pile fabrics
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D05—SEWING; EMBROIDERING; TUFTING
    • D05C—EMBROIDERING; TUFTING
    • D05C17/00—Embroidered or tufted products; Base fabrics specially adapted for embroidered work; Inserts for producing surface irregularities in embroidered products
    • D05C17/02—Tufted products
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D10—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
    • D10B—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
    • D10B2331/00—Fibres made from polymers obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds, e.g. polycondensation products
    • D10B2331/02—Fibres made from polymers obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds, e.g. polycondensation products polyamides
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D10—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
    • D10B—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
    • D10B2401/00—Physical properties
    • D10B2401/14—Dyeability
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D10—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
    • D10B—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
    • D10B2503/00—Domestic or personal
    • D10B2503/04—Floor or wall coverings; Carpets
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S8/00—Bleaching and dyeing; fluid treatment and chemical modification of textiles and fibers
    • Y10S8/929—Carpet dyeing

Definitions

  • the present invention concerns improvements in or relating to varying-tone colour effects in synthetic fibre fabrics.
  • the colouring of fabrics can be effected either by dyeing the yarns or fibres from which they are made or by dyeing lengths of the fabric itself.
  • the latter method is called piece dyeing; and it is the usual method employed when plain colours are acceptable, as in plain tufted carpet material.
  • the above instanced resist process limits the dyeing process to the use of anionic dyes. Effectively, too, the differential orientation processes are limited to the use of sensitive kinds of dyestuffs, such as certain acid and premetallised dyestuffs which are sensitive to rate of dyeing differences between yarns, which will tend to exaggerate any extraneous non-uniformities in the yarn.
  • a dyed, synthetic fibre fabric exhibiting varying-tone colour effects contains a yarn or yarns composed of synthetic fibres and/or filaments, some of the said fibres or filaments differing both as to their cross-sectional shape and their delustrant content from the others.
  • the yarns can be wholly of short, staple length fibres or wholly of filaments, or some of the yarns can be of such fibres and some of filaments. Alternatively, some or all of the yarns can be of both fibres and filaments, for instance of plied or core-spun type. Unless the contrary is clear from the context of its use, the term fibres used herein includes filaments.
  • two-tone colour effects are employed to produce a visible pattern in the surface of the fabric, by using yarns of one type in selected areas of the surface of the fabric and yarns of another type in the remainder of its surface.
  • the pile fabrics may be carpet fabrics of the type produced on so-called tufting machinery; and the yarns used may be bulked continuous filament yarns.
  • Two ends of such yarn are creeled alternately.
  • One end of yarn is composed of so-called quarter dull filaments of tri-lobal cross-sectional shape; and the other end is composed of so-called bright filaments of elliptical cross-sectional shape.
  • the quarter dull filaments have a titanium dioxide content of 0.2% by weight, and the bright filaments one of 0.03% by weight.
  • the bright elliptical cross-section filaments appear darker after dyeing than the quarter dull tri-lobal cross-section filaments; and disperse type dyestuffs can be employed with satisfactorily distinctive results.
  • One end of yarn is tufted with a higher pile than the other in those areas where its colour tone is the one which is required to be visible on the surface.
  • the difference in tone may be due either to a difference in dye uptake or to a difference in the lightreflecting properties of the yarns, or to a combination of the two.
  • the dyed fabric may be of any structure, such as a woven or a knitted structure; and the varyingtone effect need not be in patterned areas, but may instead be, for instance, a two-tone effect in some or all of the yarns of the fabric.
  • a dyed synthetic nylon fabric exhibiting varying tone colour effects, said fabric containing yarns of at least two different cross-sectional shapes selected from tri-lobal, elliptical and circular, and each of the yarn of different cross-sectional shape containing titanium dioxide in different proportons.
  • a dyed, Synthetic fibre fabric exhibiting varying tone colour effects said fabric containing a first yarn of continuous filaments of polyhexamethylene adipamide having a titanium dioxide content of 0.2% by weight and having a tri-lobal cross-sectional shape and a second yarn of continuous filaments of polyhexamethylene adipamide 3 4 having a titanium dioxide content of 0.03% by Weight OTHER REFERENCES and having a circular cross-sectional shape.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Coloring (AREA)

Description

United States Patent 3,356,444 VARYING-TONE COLOUR EFFECTS IN SYNTHETIC FIBRE FABRICS Derek Haworth, Upper Cwmbran, Anil Chandrakant Parikh, Caerleon, and John Charles Turner, Ponthir, England, assignors to British Nylon Spinners Limited, Pontypool, England No Drawing. Filed Feb. 13, 1964, Ser. No. 344,536 Claims priority, application Great Britain, Feb. 21, 1963, 6,949/63 2 Claims. (Cl. 821) ABSTRACT OF THE DISCLOSURE There is provided a dyed synthetic nylon fabric exhibiting varying tone colour effects. The fabric is produced from a combination of yarns having at least two different cross-sectional shapes and each of the cross-sectional shapes having different proportions of titanium dioxide therein.
The present invention concerns improvements in or relating to varying-tone colour effects in synthetic fibre fabrics.
The colouring of fabrics can be effected either by dyeing the yarns or fibres from which they are made or by dyeing lengths of the fabric itself. The latter method is called piece dyeing; and it is the usual method employed when plain colours are acceptable, as in plain tufted carpet material.
Notwithstanding that piece dyeing is primarily a single colour process, it is known that pattern effects in piecedyed fabrics can be created by the use of yarns which either accept colour differently from one another, by reason of having differing dye uptakes, or by reason of a chemical dye-resist treatment having been applied to only some of the yarns, or which appear different in tone after dyeing by reason of the differing light reflecting properties of the yarns used.
In our British patent specification No. 854,335 we have described how to produce such pattern effects in piece-dyed carpet fabrics by employing some nylon yarns the fibres of which had been heat-set as fibres and other nylon yarns the fibres of which had not been heat-set until spun into yarns.
So far as nylon yarns and fibres are concerned, other methods of producing pattern effects in piece-dyed fabrics are resist processes in which, for instance, the amine ends of the nylon polymer chain are blocked in some of the yarns, and differential orientation processes in which some of the filaments are drawn to a different degree from the others.
The above instanced resist process, however, limits the dyeing process to the use of anionic dyes. Effectively, too, the differential orientation processes are limited to the use of sensitive kinds of dyestuffs, such as certain acid and premetallised dyestuffs which are sensitive to rate of dyeing differences between yarns, which will tend to exaggerate any extraneous non-uniformities in the yarn.
We have now found a way of producing varying-tone colour effects in piece-dyed synthetic fibre fabrics, especially nylon fabrics, which enables distinctive tones to be produced without necessary limitation to the use of dyestuffs of a special or critical nature.
According to the invention, a dyed, synthetic fibre fabric exhibiting varying-tone colour effects contains a yarn or yarns composed of synthetic fibres and/or filaments, some of the said fibres or filaments differing both as to their cross-sectional shape and their delustrant content from the others.
The yarns can be wholly of short, staple length fibres or wholly of filaments, or some of the yarns can be of such fibres and some of filaments. Alternatively, some or all of the yarns can be of both fibres and filaments, for instance of plied or core-spun type. Unless the contrary is clear from the context of its use, the term fibres used herein includes filaments.
In one form of the invention, two-tone colour effects are employed to produce a visible pattern in the surface of the fabric, by using yarns of one type in selected areas of the surface of the fabric and yarns of another type in the remainder of its surface.
The invention will now be described with particular reference to nylon pile fabrics of two-tone colour effects. The pile fabrics may be carpet fabrics of the type produced on so-called tufting machinery; and the yarns used may be bulked continuous filament yarns.
Two ends of such yarn, each of polyhexamethylene adipamide continuous filaments and totalling some 3650 denier, are creeled alternately. One end of yarn is composed of so-called quarter dull filaments of tri-lobal cross-sectional shape; and the other end is composed of so-called bright filaments of elliptical cross-sectional shape. The quarter dull filaments have a titanium dioxide content of 0.2% by weight, and the bright filaments one of 0.03% by weight. The bright elliptical cross-section filaments appear darker after dyeing than the quarter dull tri-lobal cross-section filaments; and disperse type dyestuffs can be employed with satisfactorily distinctive results.
One end of yarn is tufted with a higher pile than the other in those areas where its colour tone is the one which is required to be visible on the surface.
Instead of an elliptical cross-sectional shape, a circular cross-section is acceptable for the darker-toned filaments.
It is only with the combination of differing cross-sectional shape and differing de-lustrant content that an adequate two-tone effect can be produced. For extra effect, it is of course, often desirable also to modify the dye receptivity of one lot of fibres by a chemical dye-resist process or by increasing the number of basic dye sites available, or to use yarns with different extents of orientation (i.e. yarns the fibres of which have been drawn to different extents), and then use suitable dyestuffs to dye the fabric.
We have referred to a varying-tone colour effect, because the hue is not ordinarily affected according to the invention. The difference in tone may be due either to a difference in dye uptake or to a difference in the lightreflecting properties of the yarns, or to a combination of the two.
Whilst carpet fabric has been exemplified above, it is to be stressed that the dyed fabric may be of any structure, such as a woven or a knitted structure; and the varyingtone effect need not be in patterned areas, but may instead be, for instance, a two-tone effect in some or all of the yarns of the fabric.
We claim:
1. A dyed synthetic nylon fabric exhibiting varying tone colour effects, said fabric containing yarns of at least two different cross-sectional shapes selected from tri-lobal, elliptical and circular, and each of the yarn of different cross-sectional shape containing titanium dioxide in different proportons.
2. A dyed, Synthetic fibre fabric exhibiting varying tone colour effects said fabric containing a first yarn of continuous filaments of polyhexamethylene adipamide having a titanium dioxide content of 0.2% by weight and having a tri-lobal cross-sectional shape and a second yarn of continuous filaments of polyhexamethylene adipamide 3 4 having a titanium dioxide content of 0.03% by Weight OTHER REFERENCES and having a circular cross-sectional shape. Moncrieff lvlamrlvmde Fibres, 4th ed 1963, pp
R f d 609-610.
8 ereuces l e H. C. Speel, Textile Chemicals and Auxiliaries, 2nd ed., UNITED STATES PATENTS 5 1957, p. 131.
2,278,888 4/1942 Lewis 8-14 X 3,033,240 5/1962 Bottorf 57 140 XR NORMAN G. TORCHIN, Primary Examiner.
3,282,886 11/1966 Gadecki 8-55 X T. J. HERBERT, JR., Assistant Examiner.

Claims (1)

1. A DYED SYNTHETIC NYLON FABRIC EXHIBITING VARYING TONE COLOUR EFFECTS, SAID FABRIC CONTAINING YARNS OF AT LEAST TWO DIFFERENT CROSS-SECTIONAL SHAPES SELECTED FROM TRI-LOBAL, ELLIPTICAL AND CIRCULAR, AND EACH OF THE YARN OF DIFFERENT CROSS-SECTIONAL SHAPE CONTAINING TITANIUM DIOXIDE IN DIFFERENT PROPORTONS.
US344536A 1963-02-21 1964-02-13 Varying-tone colour effects in synthetic fibre fabrics Expired - Lifetime US3356444A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB6949/63A GB1017155A (en) 1963-02-21 1963-02-21 Improvements in or relating to two-tone colour effects in synthetic fibre fabrics
DEN15275U DE1883149U (en) 1963-08-12 1963-08-12 HOUSEHOLD APPLIANCE WITH A HINGED DOOR.

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US3356444A true US3356444A (en) 1967-12-05

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3926547A (en) * 1974-01-02 1975-12-16 Interdye Technology Corp Method and apparatus for space dyeing yarn

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2278888A (en) * 1938-11-02 1942-04-07 Du Pont Artificial structure and process for producing same
US3033240A (en) * 1958-12-19 1962-05-08 Celanese Corp Pile carpet
US3282886A (en) * 1962-07-27 1966-11-01 Du Pont Polycarbonamides of improved photostability and dye lightfastness

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2278888A (en) * 1938-11-02 1942-04-07 Du Pont Artificial structure and process for producing same
US3033240A (en) * 1958-12-19 1962-05-08 Celanese Corp Pile carpet
US3282886A (en) * 1962-07-27 1966-11-01 Du Pont Polycarbonamides of improved photostability and dye lightfastness

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3926547A (en) * 1974-01-02 1975-12-16 Interdye Technology Corp Method and apparatus for space dyeing yarn

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