US3354091A - Homogeneous heavy-duty liquid detergent - Google Patents

Homogeneous heavy-duty liquid detergent Download PDF

Info

Publication number
US3354091A
US3354091A US478764A US47876465A US3354091A US 3354091 A US3354091 A US 3354091A US 478764 A US478764 A US 478764A US 47876465 A US47876465 A US 47876465A US 3354091 A US3354091 A US 3354091A
Authority
US
United States
Prior art keywords
detergent
amount
weight
polyphosphate
water
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US478764A
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Hearn William Ralph
Maclean Allister Neil
Trusler Frederick William
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
COLGAGE PALMOLIVE Co
COLGAGE-PALMOLIVE Co
Original Assignee
COLGAGE PALMOLIVE Co
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority to NL259347D priority Critical patent/NL259347A/xx
Priority to NL259309D priority patent/NL259309A/xx
Priority to FR1188460D priority patent/FR1188460A/fr
Priority to GB43460/60A priority patent/GB930394A/en
Priority to GB43795/60A priority patent/GB916718A/en
Priority to CH1421860A priority patent/CH414046A/de
Priority to DEC23001A priority patent/DE1156927B/de
Priority to DEC23002A priority patent/DE1152779B/de
Priority to BR125184/60A priority patent/BR6025184D0/pt
Priority to CH1433360A priority patent/CH389141A/de
Priority to FR847758A priority patent/FR1276541A/fr
Priority to FR847757A priority patent/FR1276540A/fr
Priority to BE598452D priority patent/BE598452A/xx
Priority to BE598451A priority patent/BE598451A/xx
Application filed by COLGAGE PALMOLIVE Co filed Critical COLGAGE PALMOLIVE Co
Priority to US478764A priority patent/US3354091A/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US3354091A publication Critical patent/US3354091A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28B—STEAM OR VAPOUR CONDENSERS
    • F28B1/00—Condensers in which the steam or vapour is separate from the cooling medium by walls, e.g. surface condenser
    • F28B1/06—Condensers in which the steam or vapour is separate from the cooling medium by walls, e.g. surface condenser using air or other gas as the cooling medium
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
    • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
    • C11D17/00—Detergent materials or soaps characterised by their shape or physical properties
    • C11D17/0008—Detergent materials or soaps characterised by their shape or physical properties aqueous liquid non soap compositions
    • C11D17/0013—Liquid compositions with insoluble particles in suspension
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
    • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
    • C11D17/00—Detergent materials or soaps characterised by their shape or physical properties
    • C11D17/0008—Detergent materials or soaps characterised by their shape or physical properties aqueous liquid non soap compositions
    • C11D17/0017—Multi-phase liquid compositions
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
    • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
    • C11D17/00—Detergent materials or soaps characterised by their shape or physical properties
    • C11D17/0008—Detergent materials or soaps characterised by their shape or physical properties aqueous liquid non soap compositions
    • C11D17/003—Colloidal solutions, e.g. gels; Thixotropic solutions or pastes
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
    • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
    • C11D3/00—Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
    • C11D3/02—Inorganic compounds ; Elemental compounds
    • C11D3/04—Water-soluble compounds
    • C11D3/06—Phosphates, including polyphosphates
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
    • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
    • C11D3/00—Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
    • C11D3/02—Inorganic compounds ; Elemental compounds
    • C11D3/04—Water-soluble compounds
    • C11D3/06—Phosphates, including polyphosphates
    • C11D3/062—Special methods concerning phosphates
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
    • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
    • C11D3/00—Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
    • C11D3/02—Inorganic compounds ; Elemental compounds
    • C11D3/12—Water-insoluble compounds
    • C11D3/124—Silicon containing, e.g. silica, silex, quartz or glass beads
    • C11D3/1246—Silicates, e.g. diatomaceous earth
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
    • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
    • C11D3/00—Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
    • C11D3/16—Organic compounds
    • C11D3/20—Organic compounds containing oxygen
    • C11D3/2093—Esters; Carbonates
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
    • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
    • C11D3/00—Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
    • C11D3/16—Organic compounds
    • C11D3/20—Organic compounds containing oxygen
    • C11D3/22—Carbohydrates or derivatives thereof
    • C11D3/222—Natural or synthetic polysaccharides, e.g. cellulose, starch, gum, alginic acid or cyclodextrin
    • C11D3/225—Natural or synthetic polysaccharides, e.g. cellulose, starch, gum, alginic acid or cyclodextrin etherified, e.g. CMC
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
    • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
    • C11D3/00—Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
    • C11D3/16—Organic compounds
    • C11D3/26—Organic compounds containing nitrogen
    • C11D3/32—Amides; Substituted amides
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
    • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
    • C11D3/00—Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
    • C11D3/16—Organic compounds
    • C11D3/26—Organic compounds containing nitrogen
    • C11D3/32—Amides; Substituted amides
    • C11D3/323—Amides; Substituted amides urea or derivatives thereof
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
    • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
    • C11D3/00—Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
    • C11D3/16—Organic compounds
    • C11D3/34—Organic compounds containing sulfur
    • C11D3/349—Organic compounds containing sulfur additionally containing nitrogen atoms, e.g. nitro, nitroso, amino, imino, nitrilo, nitrile groups containing compounds or their derivatives or thio urea
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
    • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
    • C11D3/00—Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
    • C11D3/16—Organic compounds
    • C11D3/37—Polymers
    • C11D3/3746—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
    • C11D3/3753—Polyvinylalcohol; Ethers or esters thereof

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a substantially homogeneous heavy-duty liquid detergent composition
  • a substantially homogeneous heavy-duty liquid detergent composition comprising a water-soluble organic detergent, a water-soluble alkaline inorganic polyphosphate salt, a water-soluble carboxyalkylcellulose salt and a water-insoluble wax, as hereinafter described and claimed.
  • compositions in the form of lotions and liquid emulsions are known in the cosmetic art, including shampoo products.
  • Such compositions comprise generally a suitable detergent and an opacifier, stabilizing agent or suitable waxy material in an aqueous solvent.
  • soap is the detergent in a shampoo, it has been suggested to incorporate a very small amount of a water-softener such as various phosphate compounds in order to prevent formation of insoluble soaps during use of the product in hard water.
  • alkaline builder salts such as sodium tripolyphosphate and pyrophosphate have been incorporated in significant amounts to improve the detergency or Washing power for the laundering of soiled textile materials.
  • Other salts such as sodium silicate, carbonate, carboxymethylcellulose and the like have been employed also in the preparation of powdered heavy-duty detergent compositions.
  • the present invention relates to a substantially homogeneous, pourable, heavy-duty aqueous liquid which consists essentially of alkali metal anionic sul-fonated detergent in an amount from about 5 to 30% by weight, a potassium polyphosphate salt in an amount from about -30% by weight and normally soluble in the amount of water present, and a lower alkyl aryl sulfonate salt selected from the group consisting of alkali metal toluene and xylene sulfonates in an amount of from about 4 to 12% by weight, the aqueous composition containing detergent, polyphosphate and lower alkyl aryl sulfonate forming a homogeneous solution having the detergent and polyphosphate fully solubilized therein, and
  • a preferred embodiment relates to the mixture of said cellulose salt and hydrogenated castor oil dispersed in an aqueous liquid containing an alkali metal anionic sulfonated detergent such as a higher alkyl benzene sulfonate, a potassium polyphosphate selected from the group consisting of pyrophosphates and tripolyphosphates in an amount normally.
  • an alkali metal anionic sulfonated detergent such as a higher alkyl benzene sulfonate
  • a potassium polyphosphate selected from the group consisting of pyrophosphates and tripolyphosphates in an amount normally.
  • Such product exhibits many desirable characteristics including, particularly, the improved stability against separation of the carboxyalkylcellulose.
  • the product is maintained in substantially homogeneous condition upon aging. This improved stability is exhibited upon storage for long periods of time at normal room temperature and upon testing at elevated temperatures and upon cooling and permitting the product to return to room temperature as compared to similar products free from said Wax.
  • the composition is pourable and free-flowing from the container without the necessity for shaking to increase fluidity or homogeneity.
  • the product may be utilized conveniently by the consumer by the addition of small portions to a laundering bath or the like and by reason of the substantial homogeneity of the liquid each such small portion will have practically the same composition. It exhibits a washing power during laundering which is comparable to the commercial heavy-duty detergents in powdered form.
  • the liquid may be employed in any suitable container or packaging material such as metal, glass or plastic in the form of bottles, cans, drums or bags.
  • compositions contain an organic detergent selected from the group consisting of the water-soluble anionic organic sulfonated detergents (including the sulfates and sulfonates), and non-ionic organic detergents.
  • organic detergents selected from the group consisting of the water-soluble anionic organic sulfonated detergents (including the sulfates and sulfonates), and non-ionic organic detergents.
  • These materials are known and have sufiicient water solubility or dispersibility to form foaming and detersive aqueous solutions in the concentrations which are suitable for use, e.g., in washing dishes, laundry and the like. They may be used individually or in any desired combination.
  • suitable synthetic detergents are water-soluble higher alkyl aryl sul-fonates, particularly those having 8 to 15 carbon atoms in the alkyl group. It is preferred to use the higher alkyl benzene sulfonate detergent for optimum eifects, though other similar detergents having a mononuclear aryl nucleus, such as toluene, xylene, or phenol, may be used also.
  • the higher alkyl substituent on the aromatic nucleus may be branched or straight-chained in structure, examples of such substituents being nonyl, dodecyl and pentadecyl groups derived from polymers of lower monoolefins which are branched chain, and decyl, keryl, and the like which are straight chain.
  • sulfated higher alkyl phenol-ethylene oxide condensates having an average of about 46 moles of ethylene oxide per phenol group and about 8 to 10 carbons in the alkyl group.
  • alkyl phenolethylene oxide non-ionic detergents which are sulfated.
  • Suitable aliphatic detergents are the normal and secondary higher alkyl sulfate detergents, particularly those having about 8 to 15 carbons in the fatty alcohol residue, such as lauryl (or coconut fatty alcohol) sulfate.
  • suitable detergents are the sulfuric acid esters of polyhydric alcohols incompletely esterified with higher fatty acids, e.g., coconut oil monoglyceride monosultate;
  • the higher fatty acid esters of low molecular weight alkylol sulfonic acids e.g., oleic acid ester of isethionic acid
  • the higher fatty acid e.g., coconut
  • ethanolamide sulfate the higher fatty acid amide of amino alkyl sulfonic acids, e.g., lauric acid amide of taurine; and the like.
  • sulfate and sulfonate detergents are used preferably in the form of their alkali metal salts, such as sodium and potassium salts.
  • alkali metal salts such as sodium and potassium salts.
  • Other water-soluble salts such as the nitrogen-containing salts, e.g., lower alkylolamine salts, may be used also, examples being the ammonium, isopropanolamine, mono and tri-ethanolamine salts of the detergents.
  • non-ionic detergents examples include the watersoluble non-ionic polyalkylene oxide detergents.
  • these detergents are the products produced by the introduction of a controlled number of alkylene oxide groups into an organic hydrophobic compound or group, usually of an aliphatic or aromatic structure.
  • the hydrophobic organic group contains usually at least about 8 carbons, and preferably up to 30 carbons, condensed with at least about 5 and usually up to about 50 alkylene oxide groups.
  • the polyalkylene oxide condensates of alkyl phenol such as the polyoxyethylene ethers of alkyl phenols having an alkyl group of at least about 6, and usually about 8 to 12 carbons, and an ethylene oxide ratio (number of moles per phenol) of about 7.5, 8.5, 11.5 and 20, though the number of ethylene oxide groups will be usually from about 8 to 18.
  • the alkyl substituent on the aromatic nucleus may be di-isobutylene, diamyl, polymerized propylene, dimerized C -C olefin, and the like.
  • polyoxyalkylene esters of organic acids such as the higher fatty acids, rosin acids, tall oil acids, or acids from the oxidation of petroleum, etc.
  • These polyglycol esters will contain usually from about 12 to about 30 moles of ethylene oxide or its equivalent and about 8 to 22 carbons in the acyl group.
  • Suitable products are refined tall oil condensed with 16 or 20 ethylene oxide groups, or similar polyglycol esters of lauric, stearic, oleic acids, etc.
  • Additional non-ionic agents are the polyalkylene oxide condensates with higher fatty acid amides, such as the higher fatty acid primary amides, monoand di-ethanolamides.
  • Suitable agents are coconut fatty acid amide condensed with about 10 to moles of ethylene oxide.
  • the fatty acyl group will have similarly about 8 to 22 carbons, and usually about 10 to 18 carbon atoms, in such products.
  • the corresponding sulfonamides may be used also if desired.
  • polyether non-ionic detergents are the polyalkylene oxide ethers of higher aliphatic alcohols.
  • Suitable fatty alcohols having a hydrophobic character, preferably 8 to 22 carbons, are lauryl, myristyl, cetyl, searyl and oleyl alcohols which may be condensed with an appropriate amount of ethylene oxide, such as at least about 6, and preferably about 10-30 moles.
  • a typical product is oleyl alcohol condensed with about 12, 15 or 20 moles of ethylene oxide.
  • the corresponding higher alkyl mercaptans or thioalcohols condensed wtih ethylene oxide are suitable in the present invention also.
  • the water-soluble polyoxyethylene condensates with hydro phobic polyoxypropylene glycols may be employed also.
  • the proportion of organic detergent material in the final composition is variable to some extent but it has been found that amounts from about 5 to about 30%, preferably about 10 to 25% by weight, are highly satisfactory with respect to both the physical appearance and performance of the product.
  • the water-soluble alkaline inorganic polyphosphate salts which have the property of inhibiting precipitation of calcium and magnesium material in aqueous solution and of contributing to the heavy-duty performance of the liquid detergent product, may be considered as derived from orthophosphoric acid or the like by the removal of molecularly-bound water, though any suitable means of manufacture may be employed if desired.
  • Such complex or molecularly dehydrated polyphosphate salts may be used in the form of the normal or completely neutralized salt, e.g., pentapotassium tripolyphosphate, or partially neutralized salt, e.g., potassium acid tripolyphosphate. It is preferred to use the pentapotassiu-m tripolyphosphate and tetrapotassium. pyrophosphate salts including any desired combination of the same.
  • polyphosphate salts should be employed in substantial amount such that the addition of a small portion of the liquid product to a washing bath will result in effective detergency and washing power.
  • these polyphosphate salts are present in amounts which are fully soluble in the amount of water present in the product so that the phosphates may be considered to be in solution in the water.
  • the amount of the polyphosphates will be with the range of about 10 to 30% by weight and preferably about 15 to 20%.
  • the detergent and polyphosphate should be dissolved or solubilized in the water so as to form a solution which is therefore a clear liquid in the absence of the carboxymethylcellulose and castor wax.
  • these ingredients should be suitably selected and proportioned so that they are compatible in the composition using, if desired or necessary, a suitable solubilizing or coupling agent.
  • a suitable water-soluble dispersing agent or hydrotropic substance is effective in promoting the compatibility of the ingredients so as to form a homogeneous liquid product.
  • the water-soluble hydrotropic 'aryl sulfonates, particularly the alkali metal lower alkyl aryl sulfonate salts are effective in these products. It is preferred to employ the sodium and potassium toluene and xylene sulfonate salts.
  • Sulfonates made from xylene include orthoxylene sulfonate, metaxylene sulfonate, paraxylene sulfonate and ethylbenzene sulfonate.
  • the hydrotrope is employed in a variable amount depending upon the other ingredients but will be used usually in an amount from about 4% to about 12%, preferably about 4 to 8% by weight of the composition.
  • a higher fatty acid alkylolamide such as the monoethanolamides, diethanolamides and isopropanolamides having about 10 to 14 carbon atoms in the acyl radical.
  • a higher fatty acid alkylolamide such as the monoethanolamides, diethanolamides and isopropanolamides having about 10 to 14 carbon atoms in the acyl radical.
  • examples are the coconut or equivalent lauric, capric and myristic diethanolamides, monoethanolamides and isopropanolamides. These materials will be used so as to be compatible in the system with suitable amounts being within the range from about 1 to 15%, preferably about 5 to 12%, by weight of the composition.
  • the alkylolamides function primarily to improve the detergency and modify the foaming power of the compositions.
  • the water-soluble carboxyalkylcellulose material is usually an alkali metal salt of a carboxy lower alkyl cellulose, the alkyl group having up to 3 carbons generally. In general, these materials act as soil anti-redeposition agents during Washing of soiled articles. It is preferred to use the water-soluble salts of carboxymethylcellulose, such as the sodium and potassium salts.
  • carboxymethylcellulose such as the sodium and potassium salts.
  • Sodium carboxymethylcellulose and the like are available usually in the form of powders in various grades of purity and viscosity in solution. The commercial grades of sodium carboxymethylcellulose having a purity from about 60 to on a dry basis and which are of low, medium or high viscosity may be employed.
  • the degree of substitution of the carboxymethyl group per anhydroglucose unit in the cellulose molecule is variable, but is usually from about 0.5-0.9, and preferably about 0.5-0.7 substitution for highly effective soil suspending properties. This material is used in a.
  • the hydrogenated castor oil (viz, castor wax) is employed in a minor amount such as about 0.1 to 1% by weight, and sufficient to inhibit separation of the cellulose compound from the bulk of the liquid. It has a melting point of about 8487 C. and is available in a finelydivided form having an iodine number of about 6% maximum. Other characteristics of the preferred grade are an acid value of 0.2% maximum and a sa'ponification value of 17.5l8.5% KO-H with a specific gravity at 20 C. of 0.98-1.00.
  • the solids content of the liquid product is variable but is usually Within the range of about 20 to 60%, and preferably about 35 to 50% by Weight.
  • the water is in an amount from 40 to 80% and sufficient to normally dissolve the polyphosphate and form a homogeneous product with maintenance of the cellulose and castor wax in homogeneous dispersion.
  • the liquid detergent product is prepared in any suitable manner. In general, it is preferred to prepare initially an aqueous solution or slurry of the detergent and hydrotrope.
  • the hydrotrope may be added to the detergent as a powder or aqueous mixture.
  • the cellulose material may be added similarly in the form of an aqueous solution or powder with sufficient stirring to insure that a uniform mixture is obtained with finely-dispersed cellulose material, such as in colloidal or molecular dispersion.
  • the temperature of the admixture is not critical and room temperatures or reasonably elevated temperature conditions may be employed as desired.
  • the polyphosphate is added as a powder or it may be predissolved in water, followed by addition of the alkylolamide and castor wax. The latter and solid alkylolamide are preferably added as a mixture in molten form with agitation to form the homogeneous product.
  • ingredients may be added as desired including compatible perfumes, coloring materials, corrosion or tarnish inhibitors, germicides, bleaching agents, optical bleaches or fluorescent dyes, viscosity modifiers and the like.
  • Other phosphate materials or builder salts may be included in the product provided they do not substantially adversely affect the desired results.
  • EXAMPLE I Ingredients: Percent Sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate 10.0 Tetrapotassium pyrophosphate 20.0 Lauric isopropanolamide 5.0 Sodium toluene sulfonate 6.5 Sodium carboxymethylcellulose 0.5 Castor Wax 0.3 Sodium silicate 3.0 Water Balance
  • This product is prepared by admixing an aqueous solution of the dodecyl benzene sulfonate detergent (the dodecyl group being derived from a propylene tetramer) of about 88% purity, the balance being primarily sodium sulfate impurity, with aqueous solutions of the toluene sulfonate and the sodium silicate (Na O:SiO ratio of 1:2.35) to form a homogeneous mixture.
  • the dodecyl benzene sulfonate detergent the dodecyl group being derived from a propylene te
  • the carboxymethylcellulose of about 65% purity and about 0.7 carboxy groups per glucose unit is dissolved in Water to form a 2.5% solution which is added to the batch at room temperature with stirring.
  • the mixture is heated to 160 F. with stirring and the pyro'phosphate is added in powdered form and mixed until it is dissolved in the aqueous medium.
  • the lauric isopropanolamide and the castor wax are premelted and added as a blend to the above solution at 160 F. with stirring to form a uniform mixture.
  • This product exhibits satisfactory stability upon aging. It shows no separation after storage for long periods of time at room temperature and remains substantially homogeneous after being subjected to elevated and depressed temperature conditions.
  • Example II The same procedure of manufacture is followed as in Example I with the following modifications:
  • the carboxymethylcellulose solution is added to the sulfonate mixture with stirring at F. and the mixture is heated to F. to form a homogeneous solution, followed by addition of the phosphate and blend of amide and castor wax.
  • the batch is cooled to 90 F. and the sodium silicate (Na O:SiO ratio of 1:2.5 8) is then added in Formula III as a 44% aqueous solution resulting in 2.1% Si0 in the finished product.
  • Perfume and color are then added similarly in very small amounts as desired.
  • Example II has a pH of 10.3 and the product of Example III has a pH of 11. 6. They exhibit satisfactory stability upon aging at normal temperatures and under adverse temperature conditions. They exert effective washing power for cleansing of soiled articles upon addition of small quantities of each liquid to washing baths.
  • the higher alkyl group of the alkyl benzene sulfonate is derived from propylene polymer containing mixtures of propylene tetramer and propylene pentamer corresponding on the average to a tridecyl group.
  • the nonyl phenolethylene oxide sulfate has an average number of 5 ethylene oxide groups per nonyl phenol.
  • the higher fatty acid diethanolamide and isopropanolamide each contain about 1:1 mixtures of lauric and myristic acyl groups.
  • the car-boxymethylcellulose has about 0.7 carboxy groups as described. It is understood that these products may contain compatible amounts of perfume, color and fluorescent dye as desired.
  • a substantially homogeneous, pourable, heavy-duty aqueous liquid detergent composition which consists essentially of alkali metal anionic organic sulfonated detergent containing a long chain of at least 8 carbon atoms in an amount from about to 30% by weight, a potassium polyphosphate salt in an amount from about 10-30% by weight and normally soluble in the amount of Water present, and as a hydrotrope a lower alkyl aryl sulfonate salt selected from the group consisting of alkali metal toluene and Xylene sulfonates in an amount of from about 4 to 12% by weight, the aqueous composition containing detergent, polyphosphate and lower alkyl aryl sulfonate forming a homogeneous solution having the detergent and polyphosphate fully solubilized therein, and about 0.1 to 2% by weight of an alkali metal carboxymethylcellulose normally tending to separate from said solution of detergent and polyphosphate, and hydrogenated castor oil in an amount from about 0.1 to
  • a substantially homogeneous, pourable, heavy-duty aqueous liquid detergent in accordance with claim 1 which contains about 1-15% of a higher fatty acid alkylolamide having 10 to 14 carbon atoms in the acyl radical and up to 3 carbons in the alkylol group.
  • a substantially homogeneous, pourable, heavyduty aqueous liquid detergent composition which consists essentially of an alkali metal higher alkyl benzene sulfonate detergent having about 8 to 15 carbon atoms in the alkyl group in an amount from about 5 to 30% by Weight, a potassium polyphosphate salt in an amount from about 10-30% by weight and normally soluble in the amount of water present, and as a hydrotrope a lower alkyl aryl sultonate salt selected from the group consisting of alkali metal toluene and xylene sulfonates in an amount of from about 4 to 12% by weight, the aqueous composition containing detergent, polyphosphate, and lower alkyl aryl sulfonate forming a homogeneous solution having the detergent and polyphosphate fully solubilized therein, and about 0.1 to 2% by weight of an alkali metal carboxy methylcellulose normally tending to separate from said solution of detergent and polyphosphate, and hydrogen ated castor oil in
  • a substantially homogeneous, pourable, heavy-duty aqueous liquid detergent composition which consists essentially of a water-soluble anionic organic sulfonated detergent in an amount from about 5 to 30% by weight, said detergent comprising an alkali metal higher alkyl benzene sulfonate having about 8 to 15 carbons in the alkyl group, potassium pyrophosphate in an amount from about 10 to 30% by weight and normally soluble in the amount of water present, as a hydrotrope an alkali metal lower alkyl aryl sulfonate salt selected from the group consisting of sodium and potassium toluene and Xylene sulfomates in an amount from about 4 to 12% by weight, a higher fatty acid alkylolamide having 10 to 14 carbon atoms in the acyl group and selected from the group conisting of diethanolamides, monoethanola-mides and isopropanolamides in an amount from about 1 to 15% by weight, the aqueous composition containing detergent

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Emergency Medicine (AREA)
  • Molecular Biology (AREA)
  • Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Detergent Compositions (AREA)
US478764A 1955-09-06 1965-08-10 Homogeneous heavy-duty liquid detergent Expired - Lifetime US3354091A (en)

Priority Applications (15)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
NL259347D NL259347A (en, 2012) 1959-12-22
NL259309D NL259309A (en, 2012) 1959-12-22
FR1188460D FR1188460A (fr) 1955-09-06 1956-08-31 Composition détersive sous forme de suspension
GB43460/60A GB930394A (en) 1959-12-22 1960-12-16 Liquid detergent compositions
GB43795/60A GB916718A (en) 1959-12-22 1960-12-20 Liquid detergent compositions
CH1421860A CH414046A (de) 1959-12-22 1960-12-20 Flüssiges Reinigungsmittel
DEC23002A DE1152779B (de) 1959-12-22 1960-12-21 Fluessiges Grobwaschmittel
BR125184/60A BR6025184D0 (pt) 1959-12-22 1960-12-21 Detergente liquido
DEC23001A DE1156927B (de) 1959-12-22 1960-12-21 Fluessiges Grobwaschmittel
FR847757A FR1276540A (fr) 1959-12-22 1960-12-22 Détersif liquide
BE598452D BE598452A (en, 2012) 1959-12-22 1960-12-22
BE598451A BE598451A (en, 2012) 1959-12-22 1960-12-22
CH1433360A CH389141A (de) 1959-12-22 1960-12-22 Flüssiges Reinigungsmittel
FR847758A FR1276541A (fr) 1959-12-22 1960-12-22 Composition détersive liquide
US478764A US3354091A (en) 1959-12-22 1965-08-10 Homogeneous heavy-duty liquid detergent

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US86119259A 1959-12-22 1959-12-22
US86119159A 1959-12-22 1959-12-22
US478764A US3354091A (en) 1959-12-22 1965-08-10 Homogeneous heavy-duty liquid detergent

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3354091A true US3354091A (en) 1967-11-21

Family

ID=27413456

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US478764A Expired - Lifetime US3354091A (en) 1955-09-06 1965-08-10 Homogeneous heavy-duty liquid detergent

Country Status (7)

Country Link
US (1) US3354091A (en, 2012)
BE (2) BE598451A (en, 2012)
BR (1) BR6025184D0 (en, 2012)
CH (2) CH414046A (en, 2012)
DE (2) DE1156927B (en, 2012)
GB (2) GB930394A (en, 2012)
NL (2) NL259347A (en, 2012)

Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3953382A (en) * 1973-05-30 1976-04-27 Lever Brothers Company Detergent compositions
FR2340395A1 (fr) * 1976-02-09 1977-09-02 Procter & Gamble Compositions pour le conditionnement des tissus contenant une huile de ricin hydrogenee
US20040033914A1 (en) * 2002-08-14 2004-02-19 Unilever Home & Personal Care Usa, Division Of Conopco, Inc. Biphasic composition induced by polydextrose
US20040242496A1 (en) * 2001-07-20 2004-12-02 John Hawkins Phosphate suspensions
WO2010034736A1 (en) * 2008-09-25 2010-04-01 Unilever Plc Liquid detergents
WO2011120799A1 (en) 2010-04-01 2011-10-06 Unilever Plc Structuring detergent liquids with hydrogenated castor oil
EP2495300A1 (en) 2011-03-04 2012-09-05 Unilever Plc, A Company Registered In England And Wales under company no. 41424 of Unilever House Structuring detergent liquids with hydrogenated castor oil

Families Citing this family (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB1084061A (en, 2012) * 1965-12-09
DE1277492C2 (de) * 1964-11-27 1975-11-20 Henkel & Cie. GmbH, 4000 Düsseldorf Fluessige suspensionsstabilisierte kochwaschmittel
NZ192549A (en) * 1979-01-12 1981-11-19 Unilever Ltd Liquid detergent comprising a copolymer of n-vinylpyrrolidone
EP0170091B2 (en) * 1982-02-05 1997-11-19 Albright & Wilson Limited Liquid detergent compositions
IS1740B (is) * 1982-02-05 1999-12-31 Albright & Wilson Uk Limited Samsetning á hreinsivökva
CH680734A5 (en, 2012) * 1989-10-12 1992-10-30 Laredj Sekkiou
AU5815000A (en) * 1999-07-26 2001-02-13 Henkel Kommanditgesellschaft Auf Aktien Use of polyvinyl alcohols as detergent additives capable of removing soiling
DE102012212727A1 (de) * 2012-07-19 2014-01-23 Henkel Ag & Co. Kgaa Flüssiges Waschmittel mit verbesserter Farbübertragungsinhibierung
EP3730594B1 (en) 2019-04-24 2023-08-30 The Procter & Gamble Company Dishwashing composition having improved sudsing
EP3730596B1 (en) * 2019-04-24 2021-08-11 The Procter & Gamble Company Liquid hand dishwashing cleaning composition

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2674580A (en) * 1950-07-20 1954-04-06 Colgate Palmolive Co Liquid shampoo
US2770599A (en) * 1953-09-23 1956-11-13 Colgate Palmolive Co Stable liquid shampoos
GB800705A (en) * 1955-09-06 1958-09-03 Colgate Palmolive Co Liquid detergent compositions
US2994665A (en) * 1959-04-15 1961-08-01 Lever Brothers Ltd Heavy duty liquid detergent compositions containing a pair of cellulosic soil suspending agents
US3101324A (en) * 1960-12-12 1963-08-20 Colgate Palmolive Co Liquid detergent composition

Family Cites Families (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB639173A (en) * 1948-03-03 1950-06-21 Frederick Joseph Pollok Improvements in or relating to aqueous solutions containing soapless detergents
NL196052A (en, 2012) * 1955-03-29
NL222100A (en, 2012) * 1956-11-02
AT206086B (de) * 1957-10-03 1959-11-10 Loba Chemie Dr Paul Loew Beer Flüssige Waschmittel
BE580351A (en, 2012) * 1958-07-10

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2674580A (en) * 1950-07-20 1954-04-06 Colgate Palmolive Co Liquid shampoo
US2770599A (en) * 1953-09-23 1956-11-13 Colgate Palmolive Co Stable liquid shampoos
GB800705A (en) * 1955-09-06 1958-09-03 Colgate Palmolive Co Liquid detergent compositions
US2994665A (en) * 1959-04-15 1961-08-01 Lever Brothers Ltd Heavy duty liquid detergent compositions containing a pair of cellulosic soil suspending agents
US3101324A (en) * 1960-12-12 1963-08-20 Colgate Palmolive Co Liquid detergent composition

Cited By (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3953382A (en) * 1973-05-30 1976-04-27 Lever Brothers Company Detergent compositions
FR2340395A1 (fr) * 1976-02-09 1977-09-02 Procter & Gamble Compositions pour le conditionnement des tissus contenant une huile de ricin hydrogenee
US20040242496A1 (en) * 2001-07-20 2004-12-02 John Hawkins Phosphate suspensions
US20040033914A1 (en) * 2002-08-14 2004-02-19 Unilever Home & Personal Care Usa, Division Of Conopco, Inc. Biphasic composition induced by polydextrose
WO2004018601A1 (en) * 2002-08-14 2004-03-04 Unilever Plc Biphasic composition induced by polydextrose
US6787511B2 (en) 2002-08-14 2004-09-07 Unilever Home & Personal Care Usa Division Of Conopco, Inc. Biphasic composition induced by polydextrose
KR100991343B1 (ko) 2002-08-14 2010-11-01 유니레버 엔.브이. 폴리덱스트로스에 의해 유도된 2상 조성물
WO2010034736A1 (en) * 2008-09-25 2010-04-01 Unilever Plc Liquid detergents
WO2011120799A1 (en) 2010-04-01 2011-10-06 Unilever Plc Structuring detergent liquids with hydrogenated castor oil
EP2495300A1 (en) 2011-03-04 2012-09-05 Unilever Plc, A Company Registered In England And Wales under company no. 41424 of Unilever House Structuring detergent liquids with hydrogenated castor oil

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
NL259347A (en, 2012)
BR6025184D0 (pt) 1973-01-11
GB930394A (en) 1963-07-03
BE598451A (en, 2012) 1961-06-22
CH389141A (de) 1965-03-15
CH414046A (de) 1966-05-31
DE1152779B (de) 1963-08-14
GB916718A (en) 1963-01-30
DE1156927B (de) 1963-11-07
BE598452A (en, 2012) 1961-06-22
NL259309A (en, 2012)

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
US2920045A (en) Heavy duty liquid detergent compositions
US3354091A (en) Homogeneous heavy-duty liquid detergent
US3254028A (en) Liquid detergent composition
US3914185A (en) Method of preparing liquid detergent compositions
US3812041A (en) Non-gelling heavy duty liquid laundry detergent
US3001945A (en) Liquid detergent composition
CA1080744A (en) Monoesters derived from ethoxylated higher alcohols and thiodisuccinic acid as detergent builders
US3211660A (en) Liquid detergent composition
US3144412A (en) Solid detergent compositions
CA1289303C (en) Aqueous liquid bleach composition
US4605506A (en) Fabric softening built detergent composition
JPH0463920B2 (en, 2012)
US3325414A (en) Heavy duty detergent composition containing a quaternary ammonium salt
US3085982A (en) Liquid detergent composition
US3285856A (en) Low foaming compositions having good detersive properties
CA1122094A (en) Built liquid detergent composition
GB2179053A (en) Heavy-duty detergent gel compositions
US3242092A (en) Wax-containing liquid detergent
AU771861B2 (en) Liquid laundry detergent composition containing ethoxylated quaternary surfactant
US3075922A (en) Prepartion of liquid detergent compositions
US3101324A (en) Liquid detergent composition
US2809937A (en) Germicidal detergent composition
US4566993A (en) Liquid detergents containing cellulose ethers stabilized by glycerol
AU606780B2 (en) Aqueous liquid bleach composition
US3265624A (en) Detergent composition