US3352240A - Primer - Google Patents

Primer Download PDF

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Publication number
US3352240A
US3352240A US510508A US51050865A US3352240A US 3352240 A US3352240 A US 3352240A US 510508 A US510508 A US 510508A US 51050865 A US51050865 A US 51050865A US 3352240 A US3352240 A US 3352240A
Authority
US
United States
Prior art keywords
primer
battery cup
anvil
battery
cup
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US510508A
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
George R Eckstein
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Remington Arms Co LLC
Original Assignee
Remington Arms Co LLC
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Remington Arms Co LLC filed Critical Remington Arms Co LLC
Priority to US510508A priority Critical patent/US3352240A/en
Priority to GB44581/66A priority patent/GB1121208A/en
Priority to BR183783/66A priority patent/BR6683783D0/pt
Priority to DE19661578208 priority patent/DE1578208A1/de
Priority to NL6615143A priority patent/NL6615143A/xx
Priority to AT1023166A priority patent/AT276158B/de
Priority to FR84728A priority patent/FR1502240A/fr
Priority to BE690092D priority patent/BE690092A/xx
Priority to LU52438D priority patent/LU52438A1/xx
Priority to NO165809A priority patent/NO118053B/no
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US3352240A publication Critical patent/US3352240A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42C—AMMUNITION FUZES; ARMING OR SAFETY MEANS THEREFOR
    • F42C19/00—Details of fuzes
    • F42C19/08—Primers; Detonators
    • F42C19/10—Percussion caps

Definitions

  • This invention relates to an improved battery type primer having improved non-mass detonating characteristics. More specifically, the invention relates to a unitary battery cup-anvil assembly having a partially pre-shaped portion adapted to hinge open to provide a flash hole means whereby the flame of the ignited priming mixture can be carried to the main propellant charge in the shotshell.
  • hermetically sealed primers There have been various attempts to provide hermetically sealed primers including various patents which have issued in the past. The reasons for a hermetically sealed primer have been discussed in other patents and need not be discussed fully here. Briefly, most attempts have been designed to seal the priming mixture from moisture and foreign particles, such as dust and propellant powder. The priming mixture must also be prevented from dusting out of the primer.
  • the present invention does not contemplate a perfectly sealed primer which is impervious to air flow or moisture although such a primer can be achieved. Instead, it has been discovered that a slight leakage in the primer is desirable for several reasons.
  • the plating bath make contact with the inner surfaces of the battery cup. When the battery cup bottom is completely airtight, air becomes trapped in the bottom of the battery cup and the plating bath cannot reach all portions of the cup consistently. With a slight leak present, air can leak out and the bath can flow into the cup to fill the bottom more consistently.
  • Another advantage of the present invention is that the volume of the primer ignition chamber in which the priming mix is confined and ultimately ignited is substantially less than the volume of the conventional battery cup arrangement wherein a flash hole is provided in the front transverse end of the cylindrical battery cup.
  • This decrease in chamber volume permits the use of less weight of priming mix to achieve the necessary ballistics to fire the propellant powder.
  • the present improved primer requires less priming mix to achieve the same results. Ballistics under cold-temperature conditions are much improved so that this advantage alon may be sufliciently important to justify use of the improved primer.
  • Another advantage is that a one-piece battery cup-anvil separate battery cup and anvil elements.
  • a further important advantage is that the closed flash hole construction permits the use of fine grain propellant powder without having the fine powders sift into the battery cup through the open flash hole.
  • the presence of fine propellant within the battery cup is objectionable because the ignition of the powder within the relatively confined area of the battery cup may cause excessive pressure and blow the primer cup rearwardly away from the battery cup.
  • This advantage is particularly important in the design of certain loads where very fine propellant powder is desirable but which heretofore has not been possible because of the problem of the powder sifting back through the flash holes into the battery cup.
  • hand reloaders appear to favor fine-grained propellant powders.
  • a primary advantage of the present invention is increased safety.
  • mass detonation it is meant the almost instantaneous, chain-reaction type of explosion which is caused when one primer is ignited and it in turn ignites adjacent primers, etc.
  • the absence of primer flash holes through which the flame of an adjacent, accidentally-ignited primer can enter results in a very real safety feature. This obviously results in safer primer manufacturing as well as permitting bulk packing of primers to facilitate inter-plant and commercial shipping'and storing of primers. 1
  • present primer packaging requires special partitioning in order to prevent the flash from one primer from getting into direct contact with the primer mix of adjacent primers. If the flash from one primer can enter through the flash hole of another primer to ignite the priming mix therein, the speed of the primers being ignited is such that it is substantially instantaneous with the result that an explosion occurs. If capable of being mass-detonated, the primers are classified as hazardous explosives and must be handled as such during shipment. If the primers cannot be mass-detonated, handling and shipping precautions may be less strict since they are no more hazardous than small arms ammunition.
  • FIGURE 1 shows a cross-sectional view of a shotshell showing a battery cup-type primer incorporating the present invention
  • FIGURE 2 shows a cut-away view of the improved primer
  • FIGURE 3 shows a cross-sectional view of the improved battery cup-anvil assembly before firing.
  • FIGURE 1 shows a shotgun cartridge in which the body casing 12 is preferably made of plastic although paper or any other suitable material can be used.
  • the lower or rear end portion of the body 12 has a basewad 14 positioned therein and is closed off with a metal head 16, the rear end of which is flanged at 18 and then is turned inwardly to form a tranverse face 20.
  • the transverse head face 20 and basewad 14 have central openings therein into which the primer 22 is inserted.
  • Propellant means 24 is positioned within the shotshell adjacent the basewad and the primer.
  • the improved primer 22 includes a battery cup 24 having a tubular portion 26 with an outwardly directed flange 28 at its rear end and a front end which turns inwardly and then rearwardly to form an anvil portion 30 integral with the battery cup 24.
  • the anvil portion 30 includes a forward tubular support portion 32 which is spaced inwardly from and substantially parallel to the forward end of the battery cup 24 to form a recess 34 therewith.
  • a conical wall portion 36 extends from support portion 32 and converges rearwardly to a centrally located anvil impact end 38.
  • Anvil impact end 38 abuts against sensitive priming mix 40 which is positioned within the bight of a primer cup 42 which in turn is inserted into the rear open end of the battery cup to form a primer ignition chamber 43 therewith. It can be seen from FIGURE 2 that the forward open end 44 of the primer cup 42 extends into the recess 34 formed by the forward ends of the battery cup and anvil portion.
  • a flash hole cover or flap 46 Positioned in the conical portion 36 of the anvil portion 30 is a flash hole cover or flap 46 which has been presheared along three sides 48a, 48b, 48c as shown in FIGURE 2, while remaining intact at the upper end 48d. It should be appreciated that the specific configuration of the flap 46 is not critical and it can be made in the form of a triangle, circle, etc., as well as being hinged on the sides or bottom of the flap.
  • the area, thickness, and shape of the flap 46 can be varied to require more or less pressure to open the flap.
  • the configuration of the anvil impact end 38 can be varied to give more sensitivity and the primer ignition chamber 43 can also be varied to provide more or less confinement to the priming mix when it is fired, thus varying the pressure and heat developed within the primer chamber.
  • the one-piece battery cup-anvil assembly 22 is formed preferably from steel, such as SAE 1010 which can develop an ultimate strength of about 55,000 p.s.i. to about 100,000 p.s.i. in the ranges of cold work that is used in making the improved one-piece battery-anvil assembly. This range of ultimate strengths is above the range of cast materials of practical cost. Since the flash hole cover or flap must be substantially imperforate while permitting limited quantities of solvent vapor or air to move through, the method of forming the partially pre-sheared flap is to lance out the flap and then move it back into abutting relationship with the conical wall portion as is shown in FIGURE 3. The control of the critical dimensions and,
  • the diameter of the battery cup is limited by requirements that the primers be interchangeable among the various companys products and that it ignite propellants under adverse conditions such as very low temperatures. These requirements call for a certain range of primer mix weight in a range of battery cup diameters.
  • the weight of primer mix confined in a range of possible chamber volumes will result in predetermined pressures which must be absorbed by the permissible thickness of battery cup material. Without the necessary strength, the front portion of the battery-anvil assembly will blow off or crack when fired in the shotshell.
  • these portions must be made thicker in order to prevent rupture and this extra thickness cuts down on the amount of priming mix possible.
  • the ultimate strength of the material thus is important in this combination since it assures that practical dimensions for outside diameter and cup base can be attained.
  • a cartridge having a rear head end adapted to receive a primer in a conventional manner
  • said primer comprising a one-piece battery cup and anvil member insertable in said cartridge head
  • said one-piece member comprising a tubular battery cup portion having its rear end open ended and adapted to receive a primer cup in substantially hermetically sealed relationship, an elongated anvil portion integrally formed with the forward extremity of said battery cup portion and projecting rearwardly towards said open end of said battery cup portion
  • said anvil portion comprising a support wall spaced inwardly from the forward extremity of said battery cup portion and forming an annular recess therewith, an inclined wall portion integrally formed with said anvil support wall which converges rearwardly into an anvil impact end which is substantially centrally located within said battery cup portion adjacent the open end of said battery cup portion, a primer cup having sensitive priming mixture therein inserted into the open end of said battery cup portion, and flash hole blow-out means on said inclined wall portion, said flash hole blow-out means comprising a def
  • said onepiece battery cup and anvil is formed from a metallic material which will develop over about 55,000 p.s.i. ultimate strength.
  • a cartridge having a rear head end adapted to receive a primer in a conventional manner
  • the combination of a charged primer cup and a tubular battery cup having an open end at its rear into which the charged primer cup is inserted, said tubular battery cup having its forward end substantially closed off by an anvil means which is integrally formed with the forward end of said battery cup, said anvil means having a conical portion which converges rearwardly to form an anvil impact end adjacent said charged primer cup, a definable unitary flash hole cover in said conical portion having a major portion of its periphery pre-sheared and a minor portion of its periphery unsheared and integrally connected to said conical portion, said flash hole cover being in substantial abutting relationship with said conical portion to form a substantially imperforate wall therewith, said flash hole cover being adapted to hinge outwardly about said unsheared minor portion upon ignition of said primer charge to form an accurate and definable flash hole openmg.
  • said anvil means comprises a forward tubular portion which is integral with and inwardly spaced from the forward end of said battery cup thus forming an annular recess therewith, said conical portion being integral with the rear end of said anvil tubular portion and converging rearwardly therefrom, said annular recess adapted to receive the forward end of said charged primer cup.
  • SAMUEL FEINBERG Primary Examiner.
  • ROBERT F. STAHL Assistant Examiner.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Die Bonding (AREA)
  • Containers And Packaging Bodies Having A Special Means To Remove Contents (AREA)
  • Air Bags (AREA)
  • Portable Nailing Machines And Staplers (AREA)
  • Coating Apparatus (AREA)
US510508A 1965-11-30 1965-11-30 Primer Expired - Lifetime US3352240A (en)

Priority Applications (10)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US510508A US3352240A (en) 1965-11-30 1965-11-30 Primer
GB44581/66A GB1121208A (en) 1965-11-30 1966-10-05 Battery cup for a shotgun cartridge
BR183783/66A BR6683783D0 (pt) 1965-11-30 1966-10-19 Aperfeicoamento em espoleta
DE19661578208 DE1578208A1 (de) 1965-11-30 1966-10-25 Geschosspatrone mit Zuendkapsel
NL6615143A NL6615143A (xx) 1965-11-30 1966-10-26
AT1023166A AT276158B (de) 1965-11-30 1966-11-04 Zündgehäuse für Zündkapseln von Patronen
FR84728A FR1502240A (fr) 1965-11-30 1966-11-23 Amorce perfectionnée pour munitions
BE690092D BE690092A (xx) 1965-11-30 1966-11-23
LU52438D LU52438A1 (xx) 1965-11-30 1966-11-25
NO165809A NO118053B (xx) 1965-11-30 1966-11-30

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US510508A US3352240A (en) 1965-11-30 1965-11-30 Primer

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3352240A true US3352240A (en) 1967-11-14

Family

ID=24031034

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US510508A Expired - Lifetime US3352240A (en) 1965-11-30 1965-11-30 Primer

Country Status (10)

Country Link
US (1) US3352240A (xx)
AT (1) AT276158B (xx)
BE (1) BE690092A (xx)
BR (1) BR6683783D0 (xx)
DE (1) DE1578208A1 (xx)
FR (1) FR1502240A (xx)
GB (1) GB1121208A (xx)
LU (1) LU52438A1 (xx)
NL (1) NL6615143A (xx)
NO (1) NO118053B (xx)

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3516357A (en) * 1968-01-25 1970-06-23 Grover E Hendricks Ammunition cartridge
US3777664A (en) * 1970-01-31 1973-12-11 Dynamit Nobel Ag Anvil for percussion primer
DE2552974A1 (de) * 1975-07-08 1977-01-20 Lachaussee Sa Ets Zuendkammer fuer patronen
US4590840A (en) * 1984-11-09 1986-05-27 Federal Cartridge Corporation Flash hole closure for primer battery cups
US20170328689A1 (en) * 2016-05-11 2017-11-16 U.S. Government As Represented By The Secretary Of The Army Lightweight Cartridge Case
US10976144B1 (en) 2018-03-05 2021-04-13 Vista Outdoor Operations Llc High pressure rifle cartridge with primer

Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1541437A (en) * 1923-09-04 1925-06-09 Western Cartridge Co Battery cup and method of making the same
US3195463A (en) * 1962-07-19 1965-07-20 Remington Arms Co Inc Die cast battery cup and anvil

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1541437A (en) * 1923-09-04 1925-06-09 Western Cartridge Co Battery cup and method of making the same
US3195463A (en) * 1962-07-19 1965-07-20 Remington Arms Co Inc Die cast battery cup and anvil

Cited By (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3516357A (en) * 1968-01-25 1970-06-23 Grover E Hendricks Ammunition cartridge
US3777664A (en) * 1970-01-31 1973-12-11 Dynamit Nobel Ag Anvil for percussion primer
DE2552974A1 (de) * 1975-07-08 1977-01-20 Lachaussee Sa Ets Zuendkammer fuer patronen
US4029015A (en) * 1975-07-08 1977-06-14 Maurice Lachaussee Priming chamber for cartridges
US4590840A (en) * 1984-11-09 1986-05-27 Federal Cartridge Corporation Flash hole closure for primer battery cups
US20170328689A1 (en) * 2016-05-11 2017-11-16 U.S. Government As Represented By The Secretary Of The Army Lightweight Cartridge Case
US10782107B1 (en) * 2016-05-11 2020-09-22 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Army Lightweight cartridge case and weapon system
US10976144B1 (en) 2018-03-05 2021-04-13 Vista Outdoor Operations Llc High pressure rifle cartridge with primer
US11609077B2 (en) 2018-03-05 2023-03-21 Vista Outdoor Operations Llc High pressure rifle cartridge with primer

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
BE690092A (xx) 1967-05-23
DE1578208A1 (de) 1971-02-18
LU52438A1 (xx) 1968-06-25
AT276158B (de) 1969-11-10
NO118053B (xx) 1969-10-27
GB1121208A (en) 1968-07-24
NL6615143A (xx) 1967-05-31
FR1502240A (fr) 1967-11-18
BR6683783D0 (pt) 1973-04-12

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