US3350081A - Apparatus for forcing off mouth skulls - Google Patents

Apparatus for forcing off mouth skulls Download PDF

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Publication number
US3350081A
US3350081A US406809A US40680964A US3350081A US 3350081 A US3350081 A US 3350081A US 406809 A US406809 A US 406809A US 40680964 A US40680964 A US 40680964A US 3350081 A US3350081 A US 3350081A
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United States
Prior art keywords
forcing
skull
flap
skulls
nose
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Expired - Lifetime
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US406809A
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Puhringer Othmar
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Voestalpine AG
Voest AG
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Voestalpine AG
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
    • F27D25/00—Devices or methods for removing incrustations, e.g. slag, metal deposits, dust; Devices or methods for preventing the adherence of slag
    • F27D25/001—Devices or methods for removing incrustations, e.g. slag, metal deposits, dust; Devices or methods for preventing the adherence of slag comprising breaking tools, e.g. hammers, drills, scrapers
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
    • C21C5/00—Manufacture of carbon-steel, e.g. plain mild steel, medium carbon steel or cast steel or stainless steel
    • C21C5/28—Manufacture of steel in the converter
    • C21C5/42—Constructional features of converters
    • C21C5/46—Details or accessories
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
    • C21C5/00—Manufacture of carbon-steel, e.g. plain mild steel, medium carbon steel or cast steel or stainless steel
    • C21C5/28—Manufacture of steel in the converter
    • C21C5/42—Constructional features of converters
    • C21C5/46—Details or accessories
    • C21C5/4693—Skull removal; Cleaning of the converter mouth
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
    • F27B14/00—Crucible or pot furnaces
    • F27B14/02—Crucible or pot furnaces with tilting or rocking arrangements

Definitions

  • This invention relates to apparatus for removing skulls from the mouths of crucibles or converters and includes a pivoted member having an inclined nose portion which is forced against the skull during tilting of the converter or crucible by a hydraulic pressure system including a pressure-regulating device for limiting the maximum force with which the skull-removing nose is pressed against the skull to avoid damaging the converter during removal of the skull.
  • This invention relates to an apparatus for forcing olf skulls from the mouths of tiltable crucibles or converters.
  • the skull may be burnt off with oxygen flames or may be blown off with impact and thrusting devices when the crucible is in a tilted position.
  • the mouth of the crucible and the skull adhering thereto were moved by means of the tilting drive against a rigid obstacle and the skull was forced 01f by the force of the crucible drive.
  • This method gives rise to unforeseeable forces, which react on the drive and may easily damage or even destroy the same. For this reason, all crucible manufacturers prohibit the use of the tilting drive to force ofi skulls. It has been found in practice, however, that the skull is still forced olf by the tilting drive because this is the quickest, simplest and most convenient method.
  • the apparatus according to the invention promises a yielding forcing-01f nose associated with adjustable pressure limiting means which is arranged to be movable in an arcuate path described by the skull during the tilting of the crucible.
  • the forcing-off nose is desirably mounted on a hinged flap, which is hydraulically operated, and the hydraulic system comprises a pressure limiting valve corresponding to the predetermined maximum of the force tending to force olf the skull.
  • the forcing-oh surface of the forcing-01f nose should have such an inclination that a restoring component of force acting on the forcing-off nose and directed toward the pressure limiting means is obtained in the operative position while the skull is being forced olf.
  • the apparatus according to the invention has the advantage of permitting with a very slight structural expenditure the use of the tilting drive for forcing olf skulls, which practice is otherwise dangerous with regard to the guarantee.
  • FIG. 1 is a vertical sectional view showing a crucible with a skull at its mouth.
  • FIG. 2 shows a preparatory position
  • FIG. 3 shows the position for forcing-off the skull with the aid of the apparatus according to the invention.
  • FIG. 1 designates a typical form of a skull at the mouth of a crucible 2.
  • an oxygen lance 3 mounted on the stand 4 is used to make half-ring cuts 5 on opposite sides when the crucible is in a tilted-down position e.g. at an angle of 18". In this way, a ring 6 is cut out at the narrowest part of the vessel to separate the outer cone 1 from the inner cone 1".
  • the forcing-off nose 7 is carried by the hinged flap 8.
  • the latter is hinged by a pin 9 to the main beam 10 of the platform structure.
  • the flap 8 is adjustable by means of the hydraulic cylinder 11, which is suitably fed by a small rotary pump unit 12. In the position shown in dotted lines, the flap is disposed outside the arcuate path of the skull. In the position shown in solid lines, the flap is in operative position on the arcuate path.
  • the forcing-01f surface 13 of the forcing-01f nose is so inclined that the force tending to force off the skull has always a component which acts on the flap and tends to restore the flap to its original position, when the friction between the skull and the forcing-0E nose is taken into account.
  • the support aiforded by the hydraulic cylinder opposes this component.
  • the force tending to force off the skull can be limited by setting a pressure limiting valve.
  • the valve When the force tending to force oif the skull exceeds an allowable limit, which is determined by the drive, the valve will respond and the forcing-off flap will yield to the increased force.
  • the pump unit must be designed only for adjusting the forcing-off flap. This requires only a small pressure and consequently a small power.
  • the force tending to force off the skull is applied through the crucible drive.
  • the pressure limiting valve is mounted separately from the pump installation.
  • An apparatus for forcing off skulls from the mouths of tiltable steelmaking converters comprising a tiltable converter, a support, a flap hingedly connected to said support, a forcing-off nose on said flap movable into a path described by a skull on said converter mouth during the tilting of said converter, a hydraulic pressure cylinder connected to said flap and said support for forcing said nose against said skull, means for supplying hydraulic pressure to said cylinder and means for limiting the pressure supplied to said cylinder to a predeten mined skull-severing pressure.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Waste-Gas Treatment And Other Accessory Devices For Furnaces (AREA)
  • Manufacture And Refinement Of Metals (AREA)

Description

Oct; 31, 1967 o. PUHRINGER 3,350,081
APPARATUS FOR FORCING OFF MOUTH SKULLS Filed Oct. 27, 1964 s Sheets-Sheet 1 I N VENTOR.
OTH/MR PUHRWGER his ATTORNEYS Oct. 31, 1967 o. PUHRINGER APPARATUS FOR FORCING OFF MOUTH SKULLS 3 Sheets-Sheet 2 Filed Oct. 27, 1964 INVENTOR. OTHVIA R PUHRINGER le-MM his ATTORNEYS Oct. 31, 1967 o. PUHRINGER 3,350,081
I APPARATUS FOR FORCING OFF MOUTH SKULLS Filed Oct. 27, 1964 a Sheets-Sheet s I N VEN TOR.
0TH MAR PUHRINGER W-EMMWM his ATTORNEYS United States Patent to Vereinigte ABSTRACT OF THE DISCLOSURE This invention relates to apparatus for removing skulls from the mouths of crucibles or converters and includes a pivoted member having an inclined nose portion which is forced against the skull during tilting of the converter or crucible by a hydraulic pressure system including a pressure-regulating device for limiting the maximum force with which the skull-removing nose is pressed against the skull to avoid damaging the converter during removal of the skull.
This invention relates to an apparatus for forcing olf skulls from the mouths of tiltable crucibles or converters.
During the operation of refining vessels, a mixture of slopped slag and steel particles in the form of a sintered mass, described as a skull, accumulates at the mouth of the vessel and must be removed from time to time. This removal involves undesired standstill times.
Various methods may be adopted to remove a skull: The skull may be burnt off with oxygen flames or may be blown off with impact and thrusting devices when the crucible is in a tilted position. In many cases, the mouth of the crucible and the skull adhering thereto were moved by means of the tilting drive against a rigid obstacle and the skull was forced 01f by the force of the crucible drive. This method, however, gives rise to unforeseeable forces, which react on the drive and may easily damage or even destroy the same. For this reason, all crucible manufacturers prohibit the use of the tilting drive to force ofi skulls. It has been found in practice, however, that the skull is still forced olf by the tilting drive because this is the quickest, simplest and most convenient method.
It is an object of the invention to provide an apparatus which permits of forcing off the skull by means of the tilting drive without risk of adverse effects on the crucible drive.
The apparatus according to the invention promises a yielding forcing-01f nose associated with adjustable pressure limiting means which is arranged to be movable in an arcuate path described by the skull during the tilting of the crucible.
The forcing-off nose is desirably mounted on a hinged flap, which is hydraulically operated, and the hydraulic system comprises a pressure limiting valve corresponding to the predetermined maximum of the force tending to force olf the skull.
The forcing-oh surface of the forcing-01f nose should have such an inclination that a restoring component of force acting on the forcing-off nose and directed toward the pressure limiting means is obtained in the operative position while the skull is being forced olf.
The apparatus according to the invention has the advantage of permitting with a very slight structural expenditure the use of the tilting drive for forcing olf skulls, which practice is otherwise dangerous with regard to the guarantee.
The invention is illustrated in the accompanying drawing in an embodiment shown by way of example. FIG. 1 is a vertical sectional view showing a crucible with a skull at its mouth. FIG. 2 shows a preparatory position,
before the forcingcff. FIG. 3 shows the position for forcing-off the skull with the aid of the apparatus according to the invention.
In FIG. 1, 1 designates a typical form of a skull at the mouth of a crucible 2.
According to FIG. 2, an oxygen lance 3 mounted on the stand 4 is used to make half-ring cuts 5 on opposite sides when the crucible is in a tilted-down position e.g. at an angle of 18". In this way, a ring 6 is cut out at the narrowest part of the vessel to separate the outer cone 1 from the inner cone 1".
In FIG. 3, the forcing-off nose 7 is carried by the hinged flap 8. The latter is hinged by a pin 9 to the main beam 10 of the platform structure. The flap 8 is adjustable by means of the hydraulic cylinder 11, which is suitably fed by a small rotary pump unit 12. In the position shown in dotted lines, the flap is disposed outside the arcuate path of the skull. In the position shown in solid lines, the flap is in operative position on the arcuate path. The forcing-01f surface 13 of the forcing-01f nose is so inclined that the force tending to force off the skull has always a component which acts on the flap and tends to restore the flap to its original position, when the friction between the skull and the forcing-0E nose is taken into account. The support aiforded by the hydraulic cylinder opposes this component. In this arrangement, the force tending to force off the skull can be limited by setting a pressure limiting valve. When the force tending to force oif the skull exceeds an allowable limit, which is determined by the drive, the valve will respond and the forcing-off flap will yield to the increased force.
It is essential in the entire structure that the pump unit must be designed only for adjusting the forcing-off flap. This requires only a small pressure and consequently a small power. The force tending to force off the skull is applied through the crucible drive. To prevent damage to the crucible drive, the pressure limiting valve is mounted separately from the pump installation.
What I claim is:
1. An apparatus for forcing off skulls from the mouths of tiltable steelmaking converters, comprising a tiltable converter, a support, a flap hingedly connected to said support, a forcing-off nose on said flap movable into a path described by a skull on said converter mouth during the tilting of said converter, a hydraulic pressure cylinder connected to said flap and said support for forcing said nose against said skull, means for supplying hydraulic pressure to said cylinder and means for limiting the pressure supplied to said cylinder to a predeten mined skull-severing pressure.
2. An apparatus as set forth in claim 1 wherein the forcing-01f surface of said nose is inclined at an angle such that the reaction force produced on said nose by a skull during forcing off of the skull is directed to oppose the forcing action of said pressure cylinder.
References Cited UNITED STATES PATENTS 663,946. 12/1900 Waldburger et al. 2661 2,582,734 1/1952 Adams 24l239 X 3,197,187 7/1965 Lakin et al. 266-36 FOREIGN PATENTS 358,565 3/1964 France.
I. SPENCER OVERHOLSER, Primary Examiner.
E. MAR, Assistant Examiner.

Claims (1)

1. AN APPARATUS FOR FORCING OFF SKULLS FROM THE MOUTHS OF TILTABLE STEELMAKING CONVERTERS, COMPRISING A TILTABLE CONVERTER, A SUPPORT, A FLAP HINGEDLY CONNECTED TO SAID SUPPORT, A FORCING-OFF NOSE ON SAID FLAP MOVABLE INTO A PATH DESCRIBED BY A SKULL ON SAID CONVERTER MOUTH DURING THE TILTING OF SAID CONVERTER, A HYDRAULIC PRESSURE CYLINDER CONNECTED TO SAID FLAP AND SAID SUPPORT FOR FORCING SAID NOSE AGAINST SAID SKULL, MEANS FOR SUPPLYING HYDRAULIC PRESSURE TO SAID CYLINDER AND MEANS FOR LIMITING THE PRESSURE SUPPLED TO SAID CYLINDER TO A PREDETERMINED SKULL-SEVERING PRESSURE.
US406809A 1963-10-28 1964-10-27 Apparatus for forcing off mouth skulls Expired - Lifetime US3350081A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT860763A AT246193B (en) 1963-10-28 1963-10-28 Device for pushing muzzle hubs and method for pushing muzzle hears with the same

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US3350081A true US3350081A (en) 1967-10-31

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AT (1) AT246193B (en)
BE (1) BE654704A (en)
GB (1) GB1085208A (en)
LU (1) LU47124A1 (en)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0224860A1 (en) * 1985-11-27 1987-06-10 MAN Gutehoffnungshütte Aktiengesellschaft Installation for removing skulls at the mouth of a steel converter

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2616365B1 (en) * 1987-06-11 1989-10-27 Clecim Sa IMPROVED CLOSURE DEVICE WITH CLEANING OF A CASTING HOLE

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US663946A (en) * 1900-04-05 1900-12-18 John A Waldburger Power apparatus for removing skull from ladles.
US2582734A (en) * 1946-06-27 1952-01-15 Charles A Adams Horizontal gyratory roll crusher
FR1358565A (en) * 1963-02-26 1964-04-17 Neyrpic Ets Roller crusher improvements
US3197187A (en) * 1962-11-07 1965-07-27 Pennsylvania Engineering Corp Converter tilting drive and torque assist

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US663946A (en) * 1900-04-05 1900-12-18 John A Waldburger Power apparatus for removing skull from ladles.
US2582734A (en) * 1946-06-27 1952-01-15 Charles A Adams Horizontal gyratory roll crusher
US3197187A (en) * 1962-11-07 1965-07-27 Pennsylvania Engineering Corp Converter tilting drive and torque assist
FR1358565A (en) * 1963-02-26 1964-04-17 Neyrpic Ets Roller crusher improvements

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0224860A1 (en) * 1985-11-27 1987-06-10 MAN Gutehoffnungshütte Aktiengesellschaft Installation for removing skulls at the mouth of a steel converter

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AT246193B (en) 1966-04-12
GB1085208A (en) 1967-09-27
BE654704A (en) 1965-02-15
LU47124A1 (en) 1964-12-10

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