US3349694A - Compression of materials - Google Patents

Compression of materials Download PDF

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Publication number
US3349694A
US3349694A US510609A US51060965A US3349694A US 3349694 A US3349694 A US 3349694A US 510609 A US510609 A US 510609A US 51060965 A US51060965 A US 51060965A US 3349694 A US3349694 A US 3349694A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
container
head
press
plate
tow
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US510609A
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English (en)
Inventor
Dixon Olaf George
Knibbs Arthur Ronald
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Akzo Nobel UK PLC
Original Assignee
Courtaulds PLC
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Courtaulds PLC filed Critical Courtaulds PLC
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US3349694A publication Critical patent/US3349694A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B30—PRESSES
    • B30B—PRESSES IN GENERAL
    • B30B7/00—Presses characterised by a particular arrangement of the pressing members
    • B30B7/04—Presses characterised by a particular arrangement of the pressing members wherein pressing is effected in different directions simultaneously or in turn
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B30—PRESSES
    • B30B—PRESSES IN GENERAL
    • B30B15/00—Details of, or accessories for, presses; Auxiliary measures in connection with pressing
    • B30B15/06—Platens or press rams
    • B30B15/065—Press rams
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B30—PRESSES
    • B30B—PRESSES IN GENERAL
    • B30B9/00—Presses specially adapted for particular purposes
    • B30B9/30—Presses specially adapted for particular purposes for baling; Compression boxes therefor
    • B30B9/3003—Details
    • B30B9/3021—Press rams
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B30—PRESSES
    • B30B—PRESSES IN GENERAL
    • B30B9/00—Presses specially adapted for particular purposes
    • B30B9/30—Presses specially adapted for particular purposes for baling; Compression boxes therefor
    • B30B9/3003—Details
    • B30B9/3032—Press boxes

Definitions

  • a press head has its pressing surface defined by plates which are relatively movable so that the efiective pressing surface of the head can be varied.
  • a rotary device is adapted to so move the plates by means of cams. The press head is useful for compressing textile tow into bales.
  • This invention relates to apparatus for the compression of materials to form bales, particularly fibrous materials.
  • material to be compressed can be loaded into the first container when mounted on its stand, and this container, being used only as a storage receptacle, can be of light weight construction so that it can readily be transported, for example, from a delivery point for the material to a baling ress.
  • the first container is a sliding fit within the second container and both containers are open at the top so that the first container can be lifted out of the second container.
  • the filled containers one within the other, are positioned beneath a press head which can move downwardly to compress the material, and to retain the material in the second container whilst the first container is withdrawn, the press head is lowered on top of the material so as to apply a small degree of compression. It will thus be appreciated that in order for the first container to be withdrawn it must be able to pass over the press head which must therefore be somewhat smaller than the cross-section of the first container.
  • a press head comprises a pressing surface and plate-like members which define at least a part of the pressing surface, the members having faces lying in close, substantially parallel planes, and being movable relatively to each other in paths which are substantially parallel to said planes, whereby the effective area of the head can be varied.
  • the invention also includes a method of compressing material comprising the steps of placing the material in an open-ended first container, positioning this container with its open ends aligned in the stroke path of a press and closing its end remote from the press head with a support member, en-
  • the head comprises four plate-like members movable relative to each other in four mutually perpendicular directions in a single plane.
  • FIGURE 1 is a plan of the expandable part of a press head for compressing masses of textile tow to form "bales, the head being shown in the expanded position,
  • FIGURE 2 is a section on the line BB of FIG. 1,
  • FIGURE 3 is a diagrammatical sectional elevation of apparatus for compressing and baling textile tow includ ing a press having an expandable head as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, and
  • FIGURE 4 is a perspective view of part of the apparatus shown in FIG. 3.
  • the expandable part of the head 1 has a rectangular plate 2 which is rigidly connected to the base of the head (not shown).
  • One of the rigid connections is a central hollow pillar 3 about which a disc 4 is rotatable in bearings 5.
  • Rigidly connected to the disc, one in each quadrant are four identical quadrangular plates 6, the portion of each plate extending outside the circumference of the disc having a curved slot 7, one end of which is closer to the centre of the disc than the other.
  • the perpendicular diameters of the disc 4 defining the said quadrants are co-linear with two perpendicular lines dividing the rectangular main plate 2 into four equal rectangles, hereinafter referred to as quarters.
  • each quarter there is a groove 9 extending from the centre of the plate 2 at an angle of 45 to its sides, this groove being engaged in a horizontal direction by two projections 10 attached to the adjacent rectangular plate 8.
  • An oval slot 11 is provided in each quarter of the plate 2 and is longitudinally aligned with, and of greater width than, the groove 9, its position along the groove and its length being such that from the centre of the plate 2, the radial distances of its inner and outer ends are respectively less and greater than the radial distances of the inner and outer ends of the curved slot 7.
  • a peg 12 attached to the adjacent plate 8, projects upwards through the slot 11 in the plate 2, so that a roller 13, mounted on top of the peg 12 with its axis perpendicular to the plate surfaces, engages the curved slot 7.
  • each quarter there are three devices 14 which secure that quarter of the plate 2 to the adjacent plate 8 Whilst allowing relative movement between them in a direction parallel to the side of the groove 9.
  • All the devices 14 are identical and each comprises a lug 15 attached to the plate 8 and projecting through an oval slot 16 in the plate 2, the longitudinal axis of the slot being parallel to that of the groove 9, and a roller 17 attached to the lug 15 by a horizontal shaft 18 at a position above the plate 2 so that the roller engages a shallow oval groove 19 in the plate 2 alongside the slot 16.
  • the devices 14 shown in dotted lines in FIGURE 1 are identical with the one device 14 shown in solid lines.
  • a double-acting pneumatic cylinder is provided, being mounted with its axis parallel to the plate surfaces by a trunnion 21 at one end engaging a member 22 secured to a part of the wall 23 extending from the plate 2 for securing it to the press head base.
  • the trunnion 21 has its axis parallel to the axis of rotation of the disc 4 so as to accommodate the degree of swing of the cylinder 20 necessary when the disc is rotated, as will be described.
  • the piston rod 24 projecting from the end of the cylinder opposite to the trunnion is connected to the disc 4 by a pivot 25.
  • Compressed air can be supplied to the opposite ends 26, 27 of the cylinder by means of flexible supply pipes 28, 29, for causing the piston to move in its two directions.
  • the head is shown in its expanded position, that is with the plates 8 moved outwardly with respect to the centre of the plate 2, so that the effective cross-sectional area of the head is a maximum.
  • compressed air is supplied through the pipe 28 to the end 26 of the cylinder so as to cause the piston rod 24 to move outwardly from the cylinder.
  • This movement causes rotation of the disc 4 in a clock-wise direction.
  • the rotation of the disc causes a slight angular movement of the pivot about the axis of the trunnion 21 so causing a small swing of the piston about the trunnion, as described.
  • the disc 4 rotates, carrying with it the quadrangular plates 6, the outer edges of their curved slots 7 engage the follower rollers 13 causing them to move inwardly and thus move the plates 8 inwardly in the direction of the four grooves 9.
  • a bottomless box-like container 30 is formed from resin-bonded glass fibre and has outward flanges 31 at its upper end.
  • the container is placed on a stand 32, over which a sheet of bale wrapping material 33 such as hessian has been placed, near to a tow-producing machine and tow 34 is fed into it in a regular manner.
  • a sheet of bale wrapping material 33 such as hessian has been placed, near to a tow-producing machine and tow 34 is fed into it in a regular manner.
  • the container 30 is filled, it is moved, with the stand 32, into a second container 35 which is secured below a hydraulic press 36, the head 37 of which has a further piece of wrapping material 38 around it.
  • the head 37 has an expandable part 1 (not shown in FIG. 3) corresponding to that shown in FIGS. 1 and 2-.
  • the second container 35 as shown in FIGURE 4 has one side divided into two portions 39, 40, mounted on hinges 41, 42 and 43, 44 respectively so as to open to admit the first container 30, which is a close sliding fit in the second container 35.
  • the second container 35 is securely supported clear of the floor so that the stand 32 will slide just below it, as shown in FIGURE 3.
  • the side portions 39, of the latter are closed and secured by sliding catches 45, 46 respectively, which engage fixed bars 47, 48 and 49, 5t respectively, secured to the adjacent side of the container 35.
  • the head 37 of the hydraulic press is then lowered to engage the top of the tow so as to hold it in position, and may impart to it a slight degree of compression, and hooks 51 of a lifting device 52 are engaged below the flanges of the first container 30, and the lifting device is operated to lift the first container 34) out of the second container 35, over the head 37 and press shaft 36, leaving the tow undistorted in the container 35, due to the slight immobilising pressure of the head 37.
  • the expandable part 1 of the head 37 is then expanded so as to be a close fit laterally in the second container 35 and the press 36 which is movable in either direction along its longitudinal axis is then operated to compress the tow to the desired bale size, usually at least to half its original volume. During this compression the tow is prevented from bulging at its sides by the walls of the container 35, which is of massive construction so as to Withstand the lateral forces produce-d by the tow during compression.
  • the close fit of the expanded press head 37 in the second container 35 prevents the formation of a ridge of compressed tow between the container sides and the edges of the press head.
  • the tow When the tow is compressed it is wholly contained within the lower parts of the walls of the container 35, which are hinged and can be opened, as shown in FIG- URE 4 in the case of the lower wall parts 53 and 40, to allow access to the tow when it is held under compression by the press 36.
  • These lower parts, and the corresponding lower parts of the other walls, which are normally held closed by the catch parts 46, 49, 50 and corresponding parts on the opposite corner of the container, are opened, and the wrapping material 38, 33 is wrapped and fastened around the compressed tow to form a bale.
  • the press 36 can then be released, and the tow will be held in its compressed state by the wrapping material and fastenings and can be removed bodily from the stand 32 for storage or transport.
  • the first container 30 can then be lowered back into the second container 35 and with the stand 32 can be removed after opening the wall part 39 and releasing the hooks 51 from its flanges.
  • the container 35 and stand 32 can then be returned to the tow-producing machine for refilling.
  • first containers such as 30 would normally be used in conjunction with one assembly of press 36, lifting device 52. and second container 35 for baling the output of one or more tow-producing machines.
  • tow baled by this method is prevented from bulging at the sides, it can be drawn freely from the bale, after removing the wrapping material, for further process-
  • upper, lower, horizontal, vertical, and the like used herein refer to the normal position of operation of a baling press in which the head moves in a vertical direction and compresses material in its downward stroke.
  • the invention is not, however, limited to such an arrangement of the press.
  • a press head comprising a pressing surface, platelike members which define at least a part of the pressing surface and which are movable relatively to each other whereby the effective pressing surface of the head can be varied, a rotary device and cams, the rotary device being adapted to move the plate-like members relatively to each other to cause said variation in the effective pressing surface of the head by means of the cams.
  • a press head as claimed in claim 1 comprising a double-acting fluid-operated piston arranged to actuate rotation of the rotary device in either direction.
  • a press comprising a shaft movable in either direction along its longitudinal axis, and a press head mounted on one end of the shaft and comprising a pressing surface, plate-like members which define at least a part of the pressing surface and which are movable relatively to each other whereby the effective pressing surface of the head can be varied, a rotary device and cams, the rotary device being adapted to move the plate-like members relatively to each other to cause said variation in the effective pressing surface of the head by means of the cams.
  • a press as claimed in claim 3 in which the press head includes a double-acting fluid-operated piston arranged to actuate rotation of the rotary device in either direction.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Press Drives And Press Lines (AREA)
  • Dry Formation Of Fiberboard And The Like (AREA)
  • Auxiliary Devices For And Details Of Packaging Control (AREA)
  • Basic Packing Technique (AREA)
  • Treatment Of Fiber Materials (AREA)
US510609A 1964-12-08 1965-11-30 Compression of materials Expired - Lifetime US3349694A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB49847/64A GB1120838A (en) 1964-12-08 1964-12-08 Improvements in the compression of materials

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3349694A true US3349694A (en) 1967-10-31

Family

ID=10453759

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US510609A Expired - Lifetime US3349694A (en) 1964-12-08 1965-11-30 Compression of materials

Country Status (3)

Country Link
US (1) US3349694A (fr)
FR (1) FR1456424A (fr)
GB (2) GB986483A (fr)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0574712A2 (fr) * 1992-05-18 1993-12-22 Klaus Rudolph Dispositif de compactage de corps plats ainsi que creux

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2550617B1 (fr) * 1983-08-12 1988-07-22 Vezzani Spa Off Procede et appareillage pour le chargement de dechets metalliques dans des fours de fusion
CN112124717A (zh) * 2020-10-20 2020-12-25 郭二风 一种毛巾生产用自动压缩包装设备

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US278670A (en) * 1883-05-29 Expansible barrel-cover
US744026A (en) * 1903-02-25 1903-11-17 Edward Bertelsmann Adjustable barrel-cover.
FR480039A (fr) * 1915-04-07 1916-06-07 Henry Theophilus Johnson Perfectionnements apportés aux presses, telles, notamment, que celles destinées à comprimer les déchets métalliques
US1273334A (en) * 1917-12-14 1918-07-23 Dell S Crosby Cheese-mold.
US1504580A (en) * 1924-08-12 House electric
US3099952A (en) * 1960-07-27 1963-08-06 Courtaulds Ltd Compression of materials

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US278670A (en) * 1883-05-29 Expansible barrel-cover
US1504580A (en) * 1924-08-12 House electric
US744026A (en) * 1903-02-25 1903-11-17 Edward Bertelsmann Adjustable barrel-cover.
FR480039A (fr) * 1915-04-07 1916-06-07 Henry Theophilus Johnson Perfectionnements apportés aux presses, telles, notamment, que celles destinées à comprimer les déchets métalliques
US1273334A (en) * 1917-12-14 1918-07-23 Dell S Crosby Cheese-mold.
US3099952A (en) * 1960-07-27 1963-08-06 Courtaulds Ltd Compression of materials

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0574712A2 (fr) * 1992-05-18 1993-12-22 Klaus Rudolph Dispositif de compactage de corps plats ainsi que creux
EP0574712A3 (fr) * 1992-05-18 1994-03-02 Klaus Rudolph

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
GB986483A (en) 1965-03-17
FR1456424A (fr) 1966-05-20
GB1120838A (en) 1968-07-24

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