US3349225A - Heating element for roads and the like - Google Patents

Heating element for roads and the like Download PDF

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Publication number
US3349225A
US3349225A US452507A US45250765A US3349225A US 3349225 A US3349225 A US 3349225A US 452507 A US452507 A US 452507A US 45250765 A US45250765 A US 45250765A US 3349225 A US3349225 A US 3349225A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
wires
fabric
heating
heating element
threads
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US452507A
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English (en)
Inventor
Dubois Robert
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Colfico SA
Original Assignee
Colfico SA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from CH581264A external-priority patent/CH413151A/fr
Application filed by Colfico SA filed Critical Colfico SA
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US3349225A publication Critical patent/US3349225A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B3/00—Ohmic-resistance heating
    • H05B3/40—Heating elements having the shape of rods or tubes
    • H05B3/54—Heating elements having the shape of rods or tubes flexible
    • H05B3/56—Heating cables
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
    • E01C—CONSTRUCTION OF, OR SURFACES FOR, ROADS, SPORTS GROUNDS, OR THE LIKE; MACHINES OR AUXILIARY TOOLS FOR CONSTRUCTION OR REPAIR
    • E01C11/00—Details of pavings
    • E01C11/24—Methods or arrangements for preventing slipperiness or protecting against influences of the weather
    • E01C11/26—Permanently installed heating or blowing devices ; Mounting thereof
    • E01C11/265—Embedded electrical heating elements ; Mounting thereof
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
    • F24D13/00—Electric heating systems
    • F24D13/02—Electric heating systems solely using resistance heating, e.g. underfloor heating
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
    • F24D13/00—Electric heating systems
    • F24D13/02—Electric heating systems solely using resistance heating, e.g. underfloor heating
    • F24D13/022—Electric heating systems solely using resistance heating, e.g. underfloor heating resistances incorporated in construction elements
    • F24D13/024—Electric heating systems solely using resistance heating, e.g. underfloor heating resistances incorporated in construction elements in walls, floors, ceilings
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B3/00—Ohmic-resistance heating
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B3/00—Ohmic-resistance heating
    • H05B3/10—Heating elements characterised by the composition or nature of the materials or by the arrangement of the conductor
    • H05B3/16—Heating elements characterised by the composition or nature of the materials or by the arrangement of the conductor the conductor being mounted on an insulating base
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B3/00—Ohmic-resistance heating
    • H05B3/20—Heating elements having extended surface area substantially in a two-dimensional plane, e.g. plate-heater
    • H05B3/34—Heating elements having extended surface area substantially in a two-dimensional plane, e.g. plate-heater flexible, e.g. heating nets or webs
    • H05B3/342—Heating elements having extended surface area substantially in a two-dimensional plane, e.g. plate-heater flexible, e.g. heating nets or webs heaters used in textiles
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B3/00—Ohmic-resistance heating
    • H05B3/40—Heating elements having the shape of rods or tubes
    • H05B3/54—Heating elements having the shape of rods or tubes flexible
    • H05B3/56—Heating cables
    • H05B3/565—Heating cables flat cables
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B2203/00—Aspects relating to Ohmic resistive heating covered by group H05B3/00
    • H05B2203/002—Heaters using a particular layout for the resistive material or resistive elements
    • H05B2203/003—Heaters using a particular layout for the resistive material or resistive elements using serpentine layout
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B2203/00—Aspects relating to Ohmic resistive heating covered by group H05B3/00
    • H05B2203/014—Heaters using resistive wires or cables not provided for in H05B3/54
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B2203/00—Aspects relating to Ohmic resistive heating covered by group H05B3/00
    • H05B2203/014—Heaters using resistive wires or cables not provided for in H05B3/54
    • H05B2203/015—Heater wherein the heating element is interwoven with the textile
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B2203/00—Aspects relating to Ohmic resistive heating covered by group H05B3/00
    • H05B2203/017—Manufacturing methods or apparatus for heaters
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B2203/00—Aspects relating to Ohmic resistive heating covered by group H05B3/00
    • H05B2203/026—Heaters specially adapted for floor heating
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B2203/00—Aspects relating to Ohmic resistive heating covered by group H05B3/00
    • H05B2203/036—Heaters specially adapted for garment heating
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
    • Y02B30/00—Energy efficient heating, ventilation or air conditioning [HVAC]

Definitions

  • ABSTRACT OF THE DISCLOSURE In combination with a heating coat for a road or wall surface including a first layer of synthetic resin laid on the surface, a second covering layer of synthetic resin, a heating element between the first and second layers, the element consisting of at least one layer of fabric woven with threads of glass fibres and wires adapted to be electrically incorporated with said fabric and extending partly weft threads and partly along the warp threads of the fabric and means electrically insulating at their crossing points the heating wires extending along the warp with reference to the wires extending along the weft threads, the wires being spaced by 20 to 30 mm.
  • My invention has for its object a heating element adapted chiefly for incorporation with the coat covering a road or wall.
  • Heated roads have already been proposed which are provided with a number of pipes arranged underneath their tread surface and through which steam or hot water is caused to flow.
  • My improved heating element has now for its object to remove these drawbacks and it is characterized to this end by the fact that it includes a woven fabric made of synthetic material or of glass fibre-incorporating resistance wires forming the actual heating body of the element.
  • My improved heating element is intended for incorpopreferred embodiment, the wires are partly along the warp threads of the executed in situ by covering first the of synthetic resin with the interposition, if required, of a heat-insulating material or otherwise, laying over of synthetic resin a heating body and covering said heating body with a further layer of synthetic resin.
  • Such operative steps if they are to be economical, should be performed on comparatively long areas.
  • the heating element according to my invention may, for instance, be constituted by a piece of woven fabric 3,349,225 Patented Oct. 24, 1967 of a length equal to 10, 15 or 20 meters, which may be brought onto the building site as a roll which is unwound gradually as it is being applied over the road.
  • Said piece of fabric may, if required, be connected endwise with a further similar piece of fabric through any suitable mechanical means.
  • the heating Wires incorpo rated with it may be connected endwise with the corresponding .wires of the immediately adjacent pieces of fabric.
  • my improved heating element may also be executed in the shape of smaller sections brought in a fiat condition in suitable packages, to the point at which it is to be used, chiefly when the heating wires have a comparatively large diameter or the size of the building site does not allow in practice the use of pieces of fabric wound into rolls. This is the case, for instance, each time it is desired to lay a heating coat on sidewalks, staircases, vertical walls and the like.
  • the heating element may be simply constituted by a heating fabric adapted for use in the execution of garments, furniture or carpets.
  • a heating fabric adapted for use in the execution of garments, furniture or carpets.
  • its features are such that it is light, resists comparatively large mechanical stresses, and may be executed in a cheap manner, while it resists the action of various chemical reagents and supplies a large therrnic energy.
  • the woven fabric carrying the electric heating wires is made of glass fibres or, according to a modification, of synthetic material say threads made of nylon, a polyester or the like. Said fabric may be obtained in a conventional manner on a loom or be formed directly through extrusion of the fibres. It is also possible to obtain the fabric through the superposition of two series of parallel threads extending in orthogonal directions, with a gluing or welding of the threads of said series at their crossing points.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic perspective view of a portion of a heating element in accordance with the invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a cross section of the heating element shown in FIG. 1 taken approximately on the line IIII of FIG. 1.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic another embodiment.
  • the fabric body has been shown in phantom as it can be of any desired construction.
  • two groups of heating wires 2 and 3 are incorporated in the fabric body 1 of glass fibre.
  • the heating wires of each group are parallel to one another and are woven into the fabric.
  • the wires of groups 2 and 3 are separated from one another at their crossing points and are thus electrically insulated from one another at such points.
  • the wires of group 3 have extremities 7, 8 connected to an electrical source of energy and wires of group 2 have their extremities 5, 6 connected to an electrical source of energy.
  • FIG. 3 there is shown another embodiment in which there is only a single series of parallel wires 2a incorporated in the woven fabric body 1a.
  • the wires 2a may extend in either a warpwise or in a weftWise direction. Although they have been shown schematically as being straight, they are woven into the fabric. Their extremities 9, 10 are connected to an electrical source of energy.
  • Suitable electrical connections are provided for connecting the heating wires in series, or in parallel or partially in parallel, into an electrical circuit to supply electrical current. It will further be understood that switches, transformers, rheostats or other suitable perspective view of a portion of control means are provided for controlling the current supplied to the heating wires incorporated in the fabric, for example in accordance with the heat required to maintain a selected temperature.
  • the different wires incorporated with the Warp threads of the piece of woven fabric may be spaced from each other by 20 or 30 mm. according to the case.
  • the metal forming such wires may be copper, aluminium or even steel. Said metal wires may in fact replace at intervals some of the warp threads or else some of the weft threads of the fabric. It is also possible to insert electric leads between the warp or weft threads or to set them across the latter. In the case of fabrics including a plurality of layers of synthetic fibres, it will be readily understood that the wires may be superposed in a similar manner.
  • a heating element between said first and second layers, said element consisting of at least one layer of fabric w-oven of threads of glass fibres and wires adapted to be heated electrically incorporated with said fabric and extending partly along the weft threads and partly along the warp threads of the fabric and means electrically insulating at their crossing points the heating wires extending along the warp with reference to the wires extending along the weft threads, said wires being spaced by 20 to 30 mm.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Surface Heating Bodies (AREA)
  • Road Paving Structures (AREA)
US452507A 1964-05-04 1965-05-03 Heating element for roads and the like Expired - Lifetime US3349225A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CH581264A CH413151A (fr) 1964-05-04 1964-05-04 Elément chauffant
CH1414364A CH446552A (fr) 1964-05-04 1964-11-02 Elément chauffant

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3349225A true US3349225A (en) 1967-10-24

Family

ID=25698410

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US452507A Expired - Lifetime US3349225A (en) 1964-05-04 1965-05-03 Heating element for roads and the like

Country Status (7)

Country Link
US (1) US3349225A (da)
BE (1) BE660490A (da)
CH (1) CH446552A (da)
DE (1) DE1565460A1 (da)
DK (1) DK111763B (da)
ES (1) ES311942A1 (da)
NL (1) NL6505689A (da)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3641921A (en) * 1969-11-14 1972-02-15 Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd Electric toaster
US3859506A (en) * 1973-06-15 1975-01-07 Sola Basic Ind Inc Constant wattage heating element

Citations (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1036632A (en) * 1911-11-17 1912-08-27 Gerhard Jahr Electric heating-pad.
US1456223A (en) * 1922-04-07 1923-05-22 Vit O Net Mfg Co Electrical blanket and the like
US2385577A (en) * 1944-05-30 1945-09-25 Benjamin Liebowitz Fabric
US2439892A (en) * 1944-08-29 1948-04-20 Knapp Monarch Co Heating blanket or the like and method of fabricating same
US2706768A (en) * 1954-11-10 1955-04-19 Kaplan Julius Electrically heated comforter
US2732479A (en) * 1956-01-24 Rowland
GB758935A (en) * 1953-10-24 1956-10-10 Norman Entwistle North Improvements in or relating to electrically heated blankets, overlays or pads
US2862097A (en) * 1954-06-03 1958-11-25 Negromanti Antonio Electrically heated fabrics
US2884509A (en) * 1957-03-05 1959-04-28 Electrofilm Inc Heating element containing a conductive mesh
US2938992A (en) * 1958-04-18 1960-05-31 Electrofilm Inc Heaters using conductive woven tapes
US3064332A (en) * 1961-03-08 1962-11-20 Kaplan Julius Electric comforter
US3288912A (en) * 1964-09-17 1966-11-29 Ray W Hussey Carpets wired for sound

Patent Citations (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2732479A (en) * 1956-01-24 Rowland
US1036632A (en) * 1911-11-17 1912-08-27 Gerhard Jahr Electric heating-pad.
US1456223A (en) * 1922-04-07 1923-05-22 Vit O Net Mfg Co Electrical blanket and the like
US2385577A (en) * 1944-05-30 1945-09-25 Benjamin Liebowitz Fabric
US2439892A (en) * 1944-08-29 1948-04-20 Knapp Monarch Co Heating blanket or the like and method of fabricating same
GB758935A (en) * 1953-10-24 1956-10-10 Norman Entwistle North Improvements in or relating to electrically heated blankets, overlays or pads
US2862097A (en) * 1954-06-03 1958-11-25 Negromanti Antonio Electrically heated fabrics
US2706768A (en) * 1954-11-10 1955-04-19 Kaplan Julius Electrically heated comforter
US2884509A (en) * 1957-03-05 1959-04-28 Electrofilm Inc Heating element containing a conductive mesh
US2938992A (en) * 1958-04-18 1960-05-31 Electrofilm Inc Heaters using conductive woven tapes
US3064332A (en) * 1961-03-08 1962-11-20 Kaplan Julius Electric comforter
US3288912A (en) * 1964-09-17 1966-11-29 Ray W Hussey Carpets wired for sound

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3641921A (en) * 1969-11-14 1972-02-15 Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd Electric toaster
US3859506A (en) * 1973-06-15 1975-01-07 Sola Basic Ind Inc Constant wattage heating element

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
NL6505689A (da) 1965-11-05
ES311942A1 (es) 1965-07-16
DK111763B (da) 1968-10-07
CH446552A (fr) 1967-11-15
DE1565460A1 (de) 1970-06-18
BE660490A (da) 1965-07-01

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