US3340047A - Forgeable corrosion-resisting steel with high neutron-absorption capacity - Google Patents
Forgeable corrosion-resisting steel with high neutron-absorption capacity Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US3340047A US3340047A US326216A US32621663A US3340047A US 3340047 A US3340047 A US 3340047A US 326216 A US326216 A US 326216A US 32621663 A US32621663 A US 32621663A US 3340047 A US3340047 A US 3340047A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- forgeable
- boron
- corrosion
- absorption capacity
- steel
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims description 21
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 title claims description 21
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 title claims description 7
- 229910052796 boron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 17
- ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Boron Chemical group [B] ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 15
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L manganese(2+);methyl n-[[2-(methoxycarbonylcarbamothioylamino)phenyl]carbamothioyl]carbamate;n-[2-(sulfidocarbothioylamino)ethyl]carbamodithioate Chemical compound [Mn+2].[S-]C(=S)NCCNC([S-])=S.COC(=O)NC(=S)NC1=CC=CC=C1NC(=S)NC(=O)OC WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 3
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 3
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000005864 Sulphur Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 2
- BHEPBYXIRTUNPN-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydridophosphorus(.) (triplet) Chemical compound [PH] BHEPBYXIRTUNPN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910000851 Alloy steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- QYEXBYZXHDUPRC-UHFFFAOYSA-N B#[Ti]#B Chemical compound B#[Ti]#B QYEXBYZXHDUPRC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005275 alloying Methods 0.000 description 1
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000000875 corresponding effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001627 detrimental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005242 forging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000012216 screening Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G21—NUCLEAR PHYSICS; NUCLEAR ENGINEERING
- G21F—PROTECTION AGAINST X-RADIATION, GAMMA RADIATION, CORPUSCULAR RADIATION OR PARTICLE BOMBARDMENT; TREATING RADIOACTIVELY CONTAMINATED MATERIAL; DECONTAMINATION ARRANGEMENTS THEREFOR
- G21F1/00—Shielding characterised by the composition of the materials
- G21F1/02—Selection of uniform shielding materials
- G21F1/08—Metals; Alloys; Cermets, i.e. sintered mixtures of ceramics and metals
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/28—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with titanium or zirconium
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/32—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with boron
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G21—NUCLEAR PHYSICS; NUCLEAR ENGINEERING
- G21C—NUCLEAR REACTORS
- G21C21/00—Apparatus or processes specially adapted to the manufacture of reactors or parts thereof
- G21C21/18—Manufacture of control elements covered by group G21C7/00
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G21—NUCLEAR PHYSICS; NUCLEAR ENGINEERING
- G21C—NUCLEAR REACTORS
- G21C7/00—Control of nuclear reaction
- G21C7/06—Control of nuclear reaction by application of neutron-absorbing material, i.e. material with absorption cross-section very much in excess of reflection cross-section
- G21C7/24—Selection of substances for use as neutron-absorbing material
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E30/00—Energy generation of nuclear origin
- Y02E30/30—Nuclear fission reactors
Definitions
- the new forgeable, corrosion-resisting steel with a high neutron-absorption capacity is characterized according to the present invention in that it contains and titanium in such a quantity that, when accounted for as weight percent, it amounts to at least 3.1 (weight percent boron)-5.8
- the steels also have somewhat varying contents of silicon and manganese, although not more than 2% of each, as well as normal impurities such as phosphorous and sulphur.
- the major portion of the boron used should be in the form of titanium boride, but it is not possible, however, to foresee theoretically the minimum quantity of titanium which is required in order to obtain satisfactory hot-working properties.
- the relation between the minimum titanium content and the boron content has therefore been found as the result of a great number of experiments.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- High Energy & Nuclear Physics (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Heat Treatment Of Steel (AREA)
- Treatment Of Steel In Its Molten State (AREA)
- Physical Vapour Deposition (AREA)
Description
United States Patent 3,340,047 FORGEABLE CORROSION-RESISTING STEEL WITH HIGH NEUTRON-ABSORPTION CA- PACITY Karl Gerhard Sune Persson, Kedjeasen, Paul Helmer Lindroth, Soderfors, and Lars Ivar Hellner, Karlskoga, Sweden, assignors to Aktiebolaget Bofors, Bofors, Sweden, a corporation of Sweden N0 Drawing. Filed Nov. 26, 1963, Ser. No. 326,216 Claims priority, application Sweden, Dec. 8, 1962, 13,250/ 62 6 Claims. (Cl. 75-126) The present invention relates to a forgeable, corrosionresisting steel with a high neutron-absorption capacity. Such a steel is well suited for the manufacture of control rods for nuclear reactors and radiation-protection screens.
In a nuclear reactor, the development of energy is directly affected by the flow of neutrons, and it is therefore necessary to be able to control this flow. Such control is usually carried out by inserting control rods into the flow, which have a screening effect, owing to their containing a substance which has a high absorption crosssection for neutrons, and such a substance is boron which, contrary to most other substances with the corresponding properties, is also cheap. The active constituent in boron is the isotope B of which there is a content of 18.9% in natural boron.
With consideration to the strength required, however, it is not possible to manufacture control rods of pure boron or any simple chemical compound thereof, and it is usually necessary to use boron as an alloying element in steel, in order to obtain the strength required. However, the quantity of boron which can be added is limited, owing to the fact that large boron contents have a very detrimental influence on the hot-working properties, and when unalloyed steel is used, a boron content of not more than approx. 2.5% can be permitted, if satisfactory forgeability is to be obtained. It is known, however, that by adding aluminum or silicon at the same time, the boron content in a steel alloy can be increased to a maximum of 4.5%, while fairly acceptable hot-working properties are still maintained.
However, steels of the above-mentioned types have comparatively poor corrosion resistance, and for this reason often cannot be used. Attempts have therefore been made to use boron as an alloy in a basic material consisting of austenitic, stainless steels of the type 18% chrome-8% nickel. In these steels, however, the hotworking properties have been lost entirely if the boron contents have exceeded 2%.
It has now proved that with a steel according to the present invention, good hot-working properties can be maintained even with boron contents of up to approx. at the same time as a corrosion resistance is obtained which is considerably better than that of unalloyed steel.
The new forgeable, corrosion-resisting steel with a high neutron-absorption capacity, is characterized according to the present invention in that it contains and titanium in such a quantity that, when accounted for as weight percent, it amounts to at least 3.1 (weight percent boron)-5.8
in addition to which the type of steel in question has normal contents of silicon and manganese, and impurities such as phosphorous and sulphur.
3,340,047 Patented Sept. 5, 1967 In the following table, some examples are given of steels according to the present invention.
Contents, percent Steel No.
Carbon Chrome Titanium Boron 0. 03 25. l 4. 5 2. 4 0. 04 25. l 6. 0 3. 0 0. 04 25. l 5. 4 3. 5 l). 03 25. 3 6. 6 3. 7 0. 03 25v 4 6. 8 3. 7 0. (13 25. 4 7. 3 3. 8 0. O3 25. 4 7. 4 4. 0 0. 04 24. 0 8. 0 4. 4
In addition to the constituents mentioned above, the steels also have somewhat varying contents of silicon and manganese, although not more than 2% of each, as well as normal impurities such as phosphorous and sulphur.
All of the above-mentioned steels proved to have good hot-working properties, and could be forged from ingots into bars without any major difficulties. The forging was then carried out within the temperature range of 950- 1100 C.
All of the steels listed in the table also showed extremely good corrosion resistance. In order to obtain the good corrosion resistance desired it proved necessary to allow the chrome content to amount to more than 15%.
Keeping the carbon content low, below 0.15%, facilitates the hot-working, and because of the comparatively high chrome content, the steel will be ferritic within the whole of the temperature interval which will come into question.
The major portion of the boron used should be in the form of titanium boride, but it is not possible, however, to foresee theoretically the minimum quantity of titanium which is required in order to obtain satisfactory hot-working properties. The relation between the minimum titanium content and the boron content has therefore been found as the result of a great number of experiments.
What is claimed is:
1. Forgeable, corrosion-resisting steel, having a high neutron-absorption capacity, consisting essentially of:
Percent Carbon, maximum 0.15 Chromium 15-30 Boron, maximum 5 Titanium in weight percent of at least 3.l (weight percent boron)-5.8
balance essentially iron.
2. Steel in accordance with claim 1 which contains Percent Silicon, maximum 2 Manganese, maximum 2 References Cited UNITED STATES PATENTS 5/1924 Golyer -126 DAVID L. RECK, Primary Examiner.
P. WEINSTEIN, Assistant Examiner.
Claims (1)
1. FORGEABLE, CORROSION-RESISTING STEEL, HAVING A HIGH NEUTRON-ABSORPTION CAPACITY, CONSISTING ESSENTIALLY OF:
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| SE1325062 | 1962-12-08 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| US3340047A true US3340047A (en) | 1967-09-05 |
Family
ID=20297107
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| US326216A Expired - Lifetime US3340047A (en) | 1962-12-08 | 1963-11-26 | Forgeable corrosion-resisting steel with high neutron-absorption capacity |
Country Status (5)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US3340047A (en) |
| BE (1) | BE640477A (en) |
| CH (1) | CH429197A (en) |
| DE (1) | DE1261675B (en) |
| GB (1) | GB980759A (en) |
Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3382065A (en) * | 1967-10-06 | 1968-05-07 | Caterpillar Tractor Co | Stainless steel metal-to-metal high speed seals |
| US4642216A (en) * | 1984-03-12 | 1987-02-10 | Westinghouse Electric Corp. | Control rod cluster arrangement |
| US5814825A (en) * | 1996-01-22 | 1998-09-29 | Mussman; Robert L. | Radiation shields for valves |
| US5883394A (en) * | 1995-12-07 | 1999-03-16 | Mussman; Robert L. | Radiation shields |
| US20190115113A1 (en) * | 2017-10-11 | 2019-04-18 | Westinghouse Electric Company Llc | Magneto-Rheological Nuclear Reactivity Distribution Control Elements |
Families Citing this family (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4365994A (en) * | 1979-03-23 | 1982-12-28 | Allied Corporation | Complex boride particle containing alloys |
| US5643531A (en) * | 1989-12-12 | 1997-07-01 | Samsung Heavy Industry Co., Ltd. | Ferrous alloy composition and manufacture and coating methods of mechanical products using the same |
Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US1493191A (en) * | 1922-11-16 | 1924-05-06 | Golyer Anthony G De | Alloy |
Family Cites Families (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2087431A (en) * | 1934-01-04 | 1937-07-20 | Rustless Iron & Steel Corp | Method of rolling rustless iron and product thereof |
-
1963
- 1963-11-22 GB GB46320/63A patent/GB980759A/en not_active Expired
- 1963-11-26 US US326216A patent/US3340047A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1963-11-27 BE BE640477A patent/BE640477A/xx unknown
- 1963-12-02 CH CH1473263A patent/CH429197A/en unknown
- 1963-12-05 DE DEA44712A patent/DE1261675B/en active Pending
Patent Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US1493191A (en) * | 1922-11-16 | 1924-05-06 | Golyer Anthony G De | Alloy |
Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3382065A (en) * | 1967-10-06 | 1968-05-07 | Caterpillar Tractor Co | Stainless steel metal-to-metal high speed seals |
| US4642216A (en) * | 1984-03-12 | 1987-02-10 | Westinghouse Electric Corp. | Control rod cluster arrangement |
| US5883394A (en) * | 1995-12-07 | 1999-03-16 | Mussman; Robert L. | Radiation shields |
| US5814825A (en) * | 1996-01-22 | 1998-09-29 | Mussman; Robert L. | Radiation shields for valves |
| US20190115113A1 (en) * | 2017-10-11 | 2019-04-18 | Westinghouse Electric Company Llc | Magneto-Rheological Nuclear Reactivity Distribution Control Elements |
| US11798693B2 (en) * | 2017-10-11 | 2023-10-24 | Westinghouse Electric Company Llc | Magneto-rheological nuclear reactivity distribution control elements |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| DE1261675B (en) | 1968-02-22 |
| BE640477A (en) | 1964-03-16 |
| CH429197A (en) | 1967-01-31 |
| GB980759A (en) | 1965-01-20 |
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