US3336009A - Instrument for mixing dental materials and the like - Google Patents

Instrument for mixing dental materials and the like Download PDF

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Publication number
US3336009A
US3336009A US481263A US48126365A US3336009A US 3336009 A US3336009 A US 3336009A US 481263 A US481263 A US 481263A US 48126365 A US48126365 A US 48126365A US 3336009 A US3336009 A US 3336009A
Authority
US
United States
Prior art keywords
chamber
mixing
amalgam
helical
closure
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US481263A
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Ronald P Spinello
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Dentists Supply Company of New York
Original Assignee
Dentists Supply Company of New York
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Dentists Supply Company of New York filed Critical Dentists Supply Company of New York
Priority to US481263A priority Critical patent/US3336009A/en
Priority to CH1117066A priority patent/CH461702A/de
Priority to NL6611119A priority patent/NL6611119A/xx
Priority to GB35694/66A priority patent/GB1137097A/en
Priority to FR73529A priority patent/FR1500961A/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US3336009A publication Critical patent/US3336009A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61C—DENTISTRY; APPARATUS OR METHODS FOR ORAL OR DENTAL HYGIENE
    • A61C5/00—Filling or capping teeth
    • A61C5/60—Devices specially adapted for pressing or mixing capping or filling materials, e.g. amalgam presses
    • A61C5/68—Mixing dental material components for immediate application to a site to be restored, e.g. a tooth cavity
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F27/00—Mixers with rotary stirring devices in fixed receptacles; Kneaders
    • B01F27/05—Stirrers
    • B01F27/11—Stirrers characterised by the configuration of the stirrers
    • B01F27/114—Helically shaped stirrers, i.e. stirrers comprising a helically shaped band or helically shaped band sections
    • B01F27/1142—Helically shaped stirrers, i.e. stirrers comprising a helically shaped band or helically shaped band sections of the corkscrew type
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F27/00—Mixers with rotary stirring devices in fixed receptacles; Kneaders
    • B01F27/80—Mixers with rotary stirring devices in fixed receptacles; Kneaders with stirrers rotating about a substantially vertical axis
    • B01F27/92—Mixers with rotary stirring devices in fixed receptacles; Kneaders with stirrers rotating about a substantially vertical axis with helices or screws
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F35/00—Accessories for mixers; Auxiliary operations or auxiliary devices; Parts or details of general application
    • B01F35/71—Feed mechanisms
    • B01F35/714—Feed mechanisms for feeding predetermined amounts

Definitions

  • ABSTRACT OF TI-E DISCLOSURE A mixing device for triturating dental materials such as amalgams and in which a yieldable helical spring rotates in a chamber to cause continuous mixing movement of the ingredients and also discharge the same by such rotating spring to render the device substantially selfcleaning.
  • a further object of the invention is to provide an instrument for triturating dental amalgam which greatly simplifies the loading and unloading process and which is self-cleaning.
  • Still another object of the invention is to provide an improved mixing instrument which is capable of accommodating extremely small quantities of material and which is capable of carrying out mixing processes such as trituration in minimum time with minimum attendant noise.
  • metered quantities of basic materials are deposited in a mixing chamber, preferably in the form of a small, vertically disposed cylindrical cavity.
  • a mixing rotor is disposed in the cavity in the form of a helically wound wire element coupled to a drive motor for rotary motion.
  • the drive is preferably arranged so that the rotor is driven in a predetermined direction in relation to the pitch of the helix, viz so that the material engaged by the helix is driven downward.
  • the helical rotor is preferably under slight axial compression within the chamber against a base, which can take the form of a valve plate movable to release the completed mixture.
  • a valve is then opened and the amalgam is released from the instrument, preferably under the combined effects of gravity and the thrust of the rotating helical rotor, which also scavenges the walls of the chamber of all residue material.
  • the valve is closed, first compressing the extended helical rotor which, in one preferred arrangement of the invention can be made to drive itself backward into the chamber to its previous compression state to rest on the base or valve plate under compression awaiting the next load.
  • FIGURE 1 is a view in side elevation and partly broken away in vertical section of a mixing instrument particularly adapted for amalgam trituration;
  • FIGURE 1A is a fragmentary view in vertical section of a portion of the instrument of FIGURE 1;
  • FIGURE 2 is a view in horizontal section taken on the line 22 of FIGURE 1, looking in the direction of the arrows and showing the design and operation of the base valve.
  • the instrument 10 includes a supporting frame 11 having a base 12 adapted to rest on a table, for example, and a vertical support 13 carried thereby.
  • a mixing chamber 14, preferably taking the form of a housing having a vertically arranged cylindrical mixing cavity 14a is supported by the frame by means of a fixed bracket arm 15 secured to the vertical member 13.
  • An electrical drive motor 16 is also fixed to the support member 13 by a mounting bracket 17 with its output drive shaft 16a disposed above the mixing chamber 14a in coaxial alignment therewith.
  • the motor 16 is adapted to be energized from a suitable electrical source 18 through an electrical switch control 18', both schematically illustrated in the drawing for purposes of simplicity.
  • a rotary mixing element 19 Secured to the rotor or drive shaft 16a to turn therewith is a rotary mixing element 19 in the form of a helically wound spring element.
  • the lower end of the helical mixing element 19 bears against a valve plate 20, which normally covers the lower end of the mixing chamber 14a.
  • the plate valve 20 is mounted for pivotal movement on a vertical shaft 21 carried by the bracket arm 15 so that it can be swung horizontally by means of its forwardly extending handle 20a.
  • the valve plate 20 includes a circular opening 20b of approximately the same diameter as the mixing chamber 14a and, disposed to one side thereof, a bearing surface 200. In its closed position the bearing surface 200 is disposed beneath the mixing element 19 and covers the bottom opening of the vertical chamber 14a. In its open position the valve plate is swung to dispose the discharge opening 20b beneath the chamber 14a, allowing the contents thereof to be discharged as will be more fully described below.
  • Materials to be mixed or triturated such, for example, as mercury and silver particles, are introduced into the mixing chamber 141: through an inlet chute 25.
  • the input can take the form of a metering dispenser capable of accommodating liquid mercury and metal particles either in loose form or in compressed pellet form.
  • the pitch of the helical member 19 is positive so that as it is turned in a clockwise direction, as viewed from the top, it will tend to drive material within its influence downwardly. Stated otherwise, the pitch is such that were it disposed in a solid medium, it would tend to back out of the medium in the manner of a screw.
  • the initial reaction of the member 19 against the mass of material to be mixed will therefore tend to compress the spring upwardly against its natural spring force and the combined agitation of the whirling spring driving downwardly under its spring force will mull or triturate the materials Within the chamber.
  • the action is such that materials proximate the walls of the chamber will be driven downward to be urged toward the center and squeezed upwardly from the base plate, and thence radially outwardly into the down flow in a rapid succession of reversals of direction and intimate commingling of the components of the mix results.
  • a cylindrical mixing chamber of .250 inch was used with a helical rotor or spring having an outside diameter of .218 inch wound at a pitch of ten turns per inch using stainless steel wire of .032 inch diameter.
  • a nominal drive speed of 3600 r.p.m. was used and the helical spring was compressed approximately eight percent by the base or valve plate 20. It should be noted that the helical member operates in a close proximity to the walls of the chamber, and that in motion it sweeps or eclipses the entire surface area of the chamber while maintaining an open central core.
  • the time to complete the trituration of one charge of amalgam was about five seconds.
  • the helical spring element initially backed off the base of the valve plate and re-es-tablished contact at the conclusion of the mixing cycle.
  • the slight change in tone of the low level sound emitted from the unit as the element made contact with the base 20 was an eilective indicator of completion of the cycle.
  • valve plate 20 At the completion of the mixing cycle, but before the drive motor 16 is de-energized the valve plate 20 is swung into its open position i.e. with the opening 20b disposed beneath the chamber 14a and the amalgam is discharged by the conveyor action of the rotating spring element into whatever receptacle or instrument might be disposed in receiving position.
  • the rotation of the element coupled with gravity scavenges loose material from the walls of the unit. It will be understood, therefore, that the helical rotor or spring element serves as a conveyor both at the time of top loading (it used) and at the time of discharge.
  • the plate valve is then swung to its closed position with the edge of the hole 20b in the valve plate engaging the lower coils of the rotating helical element causing it by virtue of its pitch in relation to the direction of rotation, to back up into the mixing chamber 14a and rest on top of the valve plate 20 above the bearing surface 201: ready for the next charge.
  • the spring force be such that the member is able, while rotating in the mass of material being mixed, to work its way down to the valve plate when mixing is completed so that there are no pockets or cavities between the fixed walls of the chamber and the rotor which are reached. It will be understood, however, that under certain conditions the rotor spring need not back oil the valve plate during the mixing operation. The ability, however, of the rotor to compress in action serves as an automatic means for relieving extraordinary stresses on the system and for maintaining effective mixing speeds at all times.
  • the mixing apparatus can take various other forms and arrangements within the scope of the present invention.
  • the laterally swinging valve plate 20 can be replaced by a vertically movable plug element adapted to be inserted into the discharge nozze 23, compressing the spring rotor 19 as desired.
  • Such arrangement has the advantage of affording variable compression on the spring rotor 19 for use in mixing other materials which might require greater or less downward pressure. It is also possible to load the materials to be mixed through the bottom rather than through the inlet chute 25 or other top loading means.
  • Apparatus for mixing dental amalgam comprising a substantially cylindrical chamber having inlet means to receive amalgam ingredients to be mixed and said chamber having a discharge opening adjacent one end thereof, closure means normally extending across said opening to close it, a helical resilient member substantially complementary to the inner surface of said chamber and rotatable therein about the axis thereof, the interior of said helical member defining a substantially cylindrical central opening extending axially thereof and said member also extending between said inlet means and said closure means, and power means connected to said helical member to rotate it as aforesaid to effect mulling of amalgam ingredients within said chamber.
  • Apparatus for mixing dental amalgam comprising a substantially cylindrical chamber having inlet means to receive amalgam ingredients to be mixed and one end of said chamber comprising a discharge opening, closure means normally extending across said opening to close it, a helical resilient spring substantially complementary to the inner surface of said chamber and rotatable therein about the axis thereof, said spring extending between said inlet means and said closure means and being sufiiciently long to be compressed axially a limited amount when one end thereof is in engagement with said closure and said one end slidably moving relative to said closure when said spring is rotated, thereby efl'ectively engaging material in contact with said closure means, and power means connected to said helical member to rotate it as aforesaid to effect mulling of amalgam ingredients within said chamber.
  • Apparatus for mixing dental amalgam comprising a substantially cylindrical chamber having inlet means to receive amalgam ingredients to be mixed and one end of said chamber comprising a discharge opening, a closure member movable substantially transversely in opposite directions relative to the axis of said chamber to open and close said discharge opening, a helical resilient member substantially complementary to the inner surface of said chamber and rotatable therein, said resilient member also extending between said inlet and outlet means and being sufficiently long to project into said discharge opening when said closure has been moved to open position, thereby to induce self-cleaning of said discharge opening when mixed amalgam is discharged therethrough, and power means connected to said helical member to rotate it as aforesaid to effect mulling of amalgam ingredients within said chamber.
  • the apparatus according to claim 4 further including a pivot for said closure parallel to the axis thereof and spaced laterally therefrom, and handle means on said closure extending outwardly from said chamber and operable manually to move said closure between open and closed positions.
  • Apparatus for mixing dental amalgam comprising a substantially cylindrical chamber having inlet means to receive amalgam ingredients to be mixed and one end of said chamber comprising a discharge opening, a closure member extending transversely across said chamber adjacent said discharge opening to form a bottom in said chamber and said inlet means intersecting a wall of said chamber intermediately of the ends thereof, a helical resilient member substantially complementary to the inner surface of said chamber and rotatable therein about the axis thereof, said helical member extending at least between said inlet means and closure means and intersecting the incoming amalgam ingredients when entering said chamber through said inlet means, and power means connected to said helical member to rotate it as aforesaid to effect mulling of amalgam ingredients within said chamber.
  • said helical member is a spring closely conforming to the interior of said chamber and at least lightly engaging the walls thereof and said power means being connected to the upper end of said spring and arranged to rotate it in a direction relative to its pitch to engage and force the amalgam material toward said discharge opening, the central core space'of said spring comprising means in which amalgam material may pass in the opposite direction to that by which it is moved by said spring, thereby effecting efficient mulling of said amalgam.

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery (AREA)
  • Dentistry (AREA)
  • Epidemiology (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Public Health (AREA)
  • Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
  • Mixers Of The Rotary Stirring Type (AREA)
  • Dental Tools And Instruments Or Auxiliary Dental Instruments (AREA)
US481263A 1965-08-20 1965-08-20 Instrument for mixing dental materials and the like Expired - Lifetime US3336009A (en)

Priority Applications (5)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US481263A US3336009A (en) 1965-08-20 1965-08-20 Instrument for mixing dental materials and the like
CH1117066A CH461702A (de) 1965-08-20 1966-08-03 Vorrichtung zum Mischen von Stoffen für zahnärztliche Zwecke
NL6611119A NL6611119A (enrdf_load_html_response) 1965-08-20 1966-08-08
GB35694/66A GB1137097A (en) 1965-08-20 1966-08-09 Improvements in or relating to apparatus for mixing materials such as dental amalgams
FR73529A FR1500961A (fr) 1965-08-20 1966-08-19 Dispositif servant à mélanger des substances pour soins dentaires ou analogues

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US481263A US3336009A (en) 1965-08-20 1965-08-20 Instrument for mixing dental materials and the like

Publications (1)

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US3336009A true US3336009A (en) 1967-08-15

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US481263A Expired - Lifetime US3336009A (en) 1965-08-20 1965-08-20 Instrument for mixing dental materials and the like

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US (1) US3336009A (enrdf_load_html_response)
CH (1) CH461702A (enrdf_load_html_response)
FR (1) FR1500961A (enrdf_load_html_response)
GB (1) GB1137097A (enrdf_load_html_response)
NL (1) NL6611119A (enrdf_load_html_response)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3450505A (en) * 1965-04-17 1969-06-17 Shionogi Seiyaku Kk Reactor of the tubular type
US3920223A (en) * 1973-07-05 1975-11-18 Wallace F Krueger Plural component mixing head

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH11318251A (ja) * 1998-05-18 1999-11-24 Sanden Corp ホイップクリーム泡立装置

Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US882781A (en) * 1907-11-15 1908-03-24 William H Gerfin Pruning implement.
US1249403A (en) * 1917-09-14 1917-12-11 William H Howard Mixing device for beverages.
GB448553A (en) * 1934-03-04 1936-06-10 Georg Caulier Improved apparatus for mixing and warming not readily imflammable liquids, pastes or the like
US2641412A (en) * 1951-05-23 1953-06-09 Jonas J Byberg Feed mixer and grinder
US2791404A (en) * 1953-05-29 1957-05-07 Mildred M Kelly Apparatus for making cellular products
US2884963A (en) * 1956-04-27 1959-05-05 Prec Metalsmiths Inc Investing apparatus
US3063813A (en) * 1957-09-10 1962-11-13 Bayer Ag Apparatus for producing fluid mixtures
US3224740A (en) * 1961-12-08 1965-12-21 Dari Go Round Inc Flavor mixing and dispensing device and method

Patent Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US882781A (en) * 1907-11-15 1908-03-24 William H Gerfin Pruning implement.
US1249403A (en) * 1917-09-14 1917-12-11 William H Howard Mixing device for beverages.
GB448553A (en) * 1934-03-04 1936-06-10 Georg Caulier Improved apparatus for mixing and warming not readily imflammable liquids, pastes or the like
US2641412A (en) * 1951-05-23 1953-06-09 Jonas J Byberg Feed mixer and grinder
US2791404A (en) * 1953-05-29 1957-05-07 Mildred M Kelly Apparatus for making cellular products
US2884963A (en) * 1956-04-27 1959-05-05 Prec Metalsmiths Inc Investing apparatus
US3063813A (en) * 1957-09-10 1962-11-13 Bayer Ag Apparatus for producing fluid mixtures
US3224740A (en) * 1961-12-08 1965-12-21 Dari Go Round Inc Flavor mixing and dispensing device and method

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3450505A (en) * 1965-04-17 1969-06-17 Shionogi Seiyaku Kk Reactor of the tubular type
US3920223A (en) * 1973-07-05 1975-11-18 Wallace F Krueger Plural component mixing head

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
GB1137097A (en) 1968-12-18
CH461702A (de) 1968-08-31
NL6611119A (enrdf_load_html_response) 1967-02-21
FR1500961A (fr) 1967-11-10

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