US3331359A - Cylinder head of an internal combustion engine comprising two intake and two exhaustvalves for each cylinder - Google Patents

Cylinder head of an internal combustion engine comprising two intake and two exhaustvalves for each cylinder Download PDF

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Publication number
US3331359A
US3331359A US473614A US47361465A US3331359A US 3331359 A US3331359 A US 3331359A US 473614 A US473614 A US 473614A US 47361465 A US47361465 A US 47361465A US 3331359 A US3331359 A US 3331359A
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United States
Prior art keywords
cylinder
cylinder head
intake
valves
internal combustion
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Expired - Lifetime
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US473614A
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English (en)
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Skatsche Othmar
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Individual
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Individual
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02F—CYLINDERS, PISTONS OR CASINGS, FOR COMBUSTION ENGINES; ARRANGEMENTS OF SEALINGS IN COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02F1/00—Cylinders; Cylinder heads 
    • F02F1/24—Cylinder heads
    • F02F1/42—Shape or arrangement of intake or exhaust channels in cylinder heads
    • F02F1/4214—Shape or arrangement of intake or exhaust channels in cylinder heads specially adapted for four or more valves per cylinder
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B2275/00—Other engines, components or details, not provided for in other groups of this subclass
    • F02B2275/14—Direct injection into combustion chamber
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B2275/00—Other engines, components or details, not provided for in other groups of this subclass
    • F02B2275/34—Lateral camshaft position
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B3/00—Engines characterised by air compression and subsequent fuel addition
    • F02B3/06—Engines characterised by air compression and subsequent fuel addition with compression ignition
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02F—CYLINDERS, PISTONS OR CASINGS, FOR COMBUSTION ENGINES; ARRANGEMENTS OF SEALINGS IN COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02F1/00—Cylinders; Cylinder heads 
    • F02F1/24—Cylinder heads
    • F02F2001/244—Arrangement of valve stems in cylinder heads
    • F02F2001/247—Arrangement of valve stems in cylinder heads the valve stems being orientated in parallel with the cylinder axis
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02F—CYLINDERS, PISTONS OR CASINGS, FOR COMBUSTION ENGINES; ARRANGEMENTS OF SEALINGS IN COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02F2200/00—Manufacturing
    • F02F2200/06—Casting
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
    • Y02T10/12—Improving ICE efficiencies

Definitions

  • ABSTRACT OF THE DISCLOSURE A cylinder head of an internal combustion engine of which each cylinder comprises two intake valves and two exhaust valves with a reversal of the valves with every second cylinder of the engine.
  • oblique and oblique-and-spiral ducts are already known.
  • experience has shown oblique ducts to present inferior flow properties and lower twist rates than spiral ducts.
  • oblique ducts are much more sensitive to lack of casting precision with regard to the achievement of a uniform twist in all cylinders of a multi-cylinder engine than are spiral ducts. This sensitivity naturally affects four-valve cylinder heads, each comprising two oblique ducts at the inlet end to an even greater extent.
  • This design makes for identical flow conditions in both spiral ducts as a result of which identical twist rates obtain both for the intake valves of a cylinder assembly and for all cylinders. Flow conditions are further improved by the downdraft effect produced by the vertical arrangement of the suction ports.
  • Another advantage of the design of the cylinder head according to the invention resides in the possibility of preserving the arrangement of the intake valves in a row extending in parallel relation to the crankshaft as is customary particularly with truck engines, thereby keeping the cost involved and space required for the operation of the valves on a moderately low level.
  • the two spiral ducts meet inside the cylinder head and terminate in a common suction port preferably located in the plane of symmetry including the crankshaft axis between the intake valves, thereby shortening the flow routes leading to the intake valves and reducing the resistance to flow accordingly.
  • the location of the intake and exhaust valves can be reversed in every second cylinder, the four spiral ducts of each pair of adjacent cylinders terminating in a common suction duct preferably half-way between the respective intake valves.
  • the combination of four spiral ducts each to form a structural unit exposed to the impact of the air not only simplifies the general design of the cylinder head but assures also absolutely identical flow conditions in the four spiral ducts.
  • FIG. 1 shows a horizontal cross-sectional view of a cylinder head of an internal combustion engine comprising two intake and two exhaust valves for each cylinder on line I-I of FIG. 2 representing a vertical cross-sectional view on line 11-11 of FIG. 1,
  • FIGS. 3 and 4 show similar views of another variant of the cylinder head on lines IIIIH and lV-IV respectively,
  • FIG. 5 showing a vertical cross-section in transverse relation to the crankshaft axis on line VV of FIG. 3.
  • FIG. 5 The illustration shown in FIG. 5 is also applicable to the variant shown in FIG. 1.
  • the drawings show only a portion of the internal combustion engine extending apapproximately over two adjacent cylinder assemblies.
  • the cylinder fairing 2 is located atop the cylinder head 1, with a packing 4 in between, the said fairing being closed on top by a cover 3 with the insertion of a packing 5.
  • the injection nozzle 6 of each cylinder assembly arranged in coaxial relation to the cylinder axis together with the nozzle-holder 7 enclosed in a nozzle-holder protection tube 8, is inserted in a through bore of the cylinder head 1.
  • Each cylinder assembly comprises two intake valves 9 and 9' and two exhaust valves 10 and 10, both the intake valves 9, 9 and the exhaust valves 10, 10' being arranged by pairs in planes extending in perpendicular relation to the crankshaft axis.
  • the valve gear is located above the cylinder head 1 inside the cylinder head fairing 2 and comprises a vertically movable bridge 11 transmitting the motion of the rocker arm 12 actuated by the push rod 13 to the valve couple 9, 9 and 10, 10, respectively.
  • the inlet ports 14, 14' of the valves 9, 9 are designed as spiral ducts for the purpose of imparting an initial twist to the ingoing air for combustion and are of approximately equal shape and length so that the twist rates for the two intake valves 9, 9 are also identical.
  • the inlet ports 14, 14' extend in an upward direction towards the top of the cylinder head 1.
  • the inlet ports 14 and 14 of each cylinder assembly meet inside the cylinder head 1 so as to form a common duct 15 terminating in a vertical suction port 16 defined by a tube 17 inserted in the area of the upper sealing flange of the cylinder head 1.
  • the suction ports 16 of all cylinder assemblies are located in the plane of symmetry between the intake valves 9 and 9' including also the crankshaft axis of the engine.
  • the location of the intake and exhaust valves 9, 9' and 10, 10' respectively, of adjacent cylinder assemblies is inverted so that the intake valves 9, 9 of each pair of adjacent cylinders can be combined so as to form a single unit for the supply of air for combustion.
  • the inlet ports 14, 14' of each of these valve groups extend jointly in an upward direction toward the top of the cylinder head so as to form a common duct 15 also terminating in a vertical suction port 16 in the area of the upper sealing surface of the cylinder head 1.
  • the suction port 16 is arranged in a central relation to the associated four intake valves.
  • each cylinder comprises two intake valves and two exhaust valves, the said valves extending in perpendicular relation to a crankshaft axis of the internal combustion engine, each of the said intake valves comprising an inlet port designed as a spiral duct, the spiral ducts of all inlet ports being of approximately the same shape and length, pairs of the said spiral ducts ascending to the top of the cylinder head and terminating there in a common suction duct, the location of the intake valves and exhaust valves being reversed with every second cylinder of the internal combustion engine, and the four spiral ducts of two adjacent cylinders each terminating in the said common suction port.
  • a cylinder head of an internal combustion engine comprising a plurality of cylinders, each cylinder comprising two intake valves and two exhaust valves, the said valves extending in perpendicular relation to a crankshaft of the internal combustion engine, the location of the intake valves and exhaust valves being reversed with every second cylinder of the internal combustion engine, each intake valve comprising an inlet port designed as a spiral duct, and a suction port in the top of the cylinder head, the four spiral ducts of two adjacent cylinders each ascending to the top of the cylinder head and terminating in the said suction port.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Cylinder Crankcases Of Internal Combustion Engines (AREA)
  • Valve-Gear Or Valve Arrangements (AREA)
US473614A 1964-08-21 1965-07-21 Cylinder head of an internal combustion engine comprising two intake and two exhaustvalves for each cylinder Expired - Lifetime US3331359A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT727464A AT251352B (de) 1964-08-21 1964-08-21 Zylinderkopf einer Brennkraftmaschine mit zwei Einlaß- und zwei Auslaßventilen je Zylinder

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3331359A true US3331359A (en) 1967-07-18

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ID=3594404

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US473614A Expired - Lifetime US3331359A (en) 1964-08-21 1965-07-21 Cylinder head of an internal combustion engine comprising two intake and two exhaustvalves for each cylinder

Country Status (5)

Country Link
US (1) US3331359A (fr)
AT (1) AT251352B (fr)
DE (1) DE1296460B (fr)
FR (1) FR1426551A (fr)
GB (1) GB1098997A (fr)

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3411490A (en) * 1966-12-09 1968-11-19 White Motor Corp Intake port structure for internal combustion engine
DE1751905B1 (de) * 1967-11-22 1971-03-04 Ustav Pro Vyzkum Motorovych Vo Einlass- und Auslasskanal bei Brennkraftmaschinen
US3613647A (en) * 1969-02-12 1971-10-19 Kloeckner Humboldt Deutz Ag Apparatus for actuating a plurality of valves of piston-operated internal combustion engines
FR2441064A1 (fr) * 1978-11-07 1980-06-06 Cummins Engine Co Inc Moteur a combustion interne turbocompresse
US5429086A (en) * 1994-02-14 1995-07-04 Cummins Engine Company, Inc. Shared runner intake ports for I.C. engine
WO1998045591A1 (fr) * 1997-04-09 1998-10-15 Deutz Aktiengesellschaft Moteur a combustion interne a quatre temps a cylindres multiples

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
AT295932B (de) * 1969-01-24 1972-01-25 H C Hans Dipl Ing Dr Dr List Brennkraftmaschine
US4369627A (en) 1978-11-07 1983-01-25 Cummins Engine Company, Inc. Internal combustion engine
JPH0745817B2 (ja) * 1988-02-12 1995-05-17 本田技研工業株式会社 直噴式多気筒ディーゼル機関

Citations (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2318914A (en) * 1941-07-15 1943-05-11 American Locomotive Co Internal combustion engine
US2909971A (en) * 1954-03-29 1959-10-27 Ibm Printing machine
FR1201809A (fr) * 1957-09-12 1960-01-06 Daimler Benz Ag Montage et réalisation des canaux d'admission ou des canalisations d'admission pour des moteurs à combustion interne à injection avec compression d'air en particulier
GB844352A (en) * 1957-08-10 1960-08-10 Daimler Benz Ag Improvements relating to internal combustion engines
US3020896A (en) * 1959-08-07 1962-02-13 Maschf Augsburg Nuernberg Ag Cylinder head with air intake passages
GB899760A (en) * 1959-06-25 1962-06-27 Maschf Augsburg Nuernberg Ag Improvements in fuel-injection internal combustion engines
US3054390A (en) * 1959-08-01 1962-09-18 Maschf Augsburg Nuernberg Ag Air intake passage for internal combustion engines
US3125075A (en) * 1964-03-17 Dual inlet passages for internal combustion engines
US3240190A (en) * 1962-08-31 1966-03-15 Daimler Benz Ag Internal combustion engine

Family Cites Families (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB703281A (en) * 1950-11-13 1954-02-03 Lanova Ag Improvements in and relating to cylinder heads for internal combustion engines
US2900971A (en) * 1956-10-02 1959-08-25 Worthington Corp Internal combustion engine
DE1787801U (de) * 1957-08-10 1959-04-30 Daimler Benz Ag Insbesondere luftverdichtende einspritzbrennkraftmaschine.

Patent Citations (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3125075A (en) * 1964-03-17 Dual inlet passages for internal combustion engines
US2318914A (en) * 1941-07-15 1943-05-11 American Locomotive Co Internal combustion engine
US2909971A (en) * 1954-03-29 1959-10-27 Ibm Printing machine
GB844352A (en) * 1957-08-10 1960-08-10 Daimler Benz Ag Improvements relating to internal combustion engines
FR1201809A (fr) * 1957-09-12 1960-01-06 Daimler Benz Ag Montage et réalisation des canaux d'admission ou des canalisations d'admission pour des moteurs à combustion interne à injection avec compression d'air en particulier
GB899760A (en) * 1959-06-25 1962-06-27 Maschf Augsburg Nuernberg Ag Improvements in fuel-injection internal combustion engines
US3054390A (en) * 1959-08-01 1962-09-18 Maschf Augsburg Nuernberg Ag Air intake passage for internal combustion engines
US3020896A (en) * 1959-08-07 1962-02-13 Maschf Augsburg Nuernberg Ag Cylinder head with air intake passages
US3240190A (en) * 1962-08-31 1966-03-15 Daimler Benz Ag Internal combustion engine

Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3411490A (en) * 1966-12-09 1968-11-19 White Motor Corp Intake port structure for internal combustion engine
DE1751905B1 (de) * 1967-11-22 1971-03-04 Ustav Pro Vyzkum Motorovych Vo Einlass- und Auslasskanal bei Brennkraftmaschinen
US3613647A (en) * 1969-02-12 1971-10-19 Kloeckner Humboldt Deutz Ag Apparatus for actuating a plurality of valves of piston-operated internal combustion engines
FR2441064A1 (fr) * 1978-11-07 1980-06-06 Cummins Engine Co Inc Moteur a combustion interne turbocompresse
US5429086A (en) * 1994-02-14 1995-07-04 Cummins Engine Company, Inc. Shared runner intake ports for I.C. engine
WO1998045591A1 (fr) * 1997-04-09 1998-10-15 Deutz Aktiengesellschaft Moteur a combustion interne a quatre temps a cylindres multiples
US6155228A (en) * 1997-04-09 2000-12-05 Deutz Ag Multicylinder four-stroke internal combustion engine

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR1426551A (fr) 1966-01-28
AT251352B (de) 1966-12-27
DE1296460B (de) 1969-05-29
GB1098997A (en) 1968-01-10

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