US3331193A - Cyclonic separator - Google Patents

Cyclonic separator Download PDF

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Publication number
US3331193A
US3331193A US353823A US35382364A US3331193A US 3331193 A US3331193 A US 3331193A US 353823 A US353823 A US 353823A US 35382364 A US35382364 A US 35382364A US 3331193 A US3331193 A US 3331193A
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United States
Prior art keywords
chamber
slurry
core
section
liquid
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Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US353823A
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English (en)
Inventor
Maurice D Woodruff
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Bauer Brothers Co
Original Assignee
Bauer Brothers Co
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Bauer Brothers Co filed Critical Bauer Brothers Co
Priority to US353823A priority Critical patent/US3331193A/en
Priority to FI642358A priority patent/FI44753C/fi
Priority to DE19641442375 priority patent/DE1442375C/de
Priority to FR996788A priority patent/FR1416740A/fr
Priority to SE348/65A priority patent/SE323057B/xx
Priority to GB7766/65A priority patent/GB1024146A/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US3331193A publication Critical patent/US3331193A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B04—CENTRIFUGAL APPARATUS OR MACHINES FOR CARRYING-OUT PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES
    • B04C—APPARATUS USING FREE VORTEX FLOW, e.g. CYCLONES
    • B04C5/00—Apparatus in which the axial direction of the vortex is reversed
    • B04C5/14—Construction of the underflow ducting; Apex constructions; Discharge arrangements ; discharge through sidewall provided with a few slits or perforations
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D21/00—Separation of suspended solid particles from liquids by sedimentation
    • B01D21/26—Separation of sediment aided by centrifugal force or centripetal force
    • B01D21/267—Separation of sediment aided by centrifugal force or centripetal force by using a cyclone
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
    • D21D—TREATMENT OF THE MATERIALS BEFORE PASSING TO THE PAPER-MAKING MACHINE
    • D21D5/00—Purification of the pulp suspension by mechanical means; Apparatus therefor
    • D21D5/18—Purification of the pulp suspension by mechanical means; Apparatus therefor with the aid of centrifugal force

Definitions

  • This invention relates to the deaerating of fluent liquid slurries and the like, and particularly to slurries containing pulp stock being conditioned for paper making.
  • the object of the invention is to simplify the construction as well as the means and mode of operation of separators, whereby such separators may not only be economically manufactured, but will be more eflicient and satisfactory in use, adaptable to a wide variety of application, .and be unlikely to get out of order.
  • An object of the invention is to reduce the amount of air carried to the pressure screens and the pressure headbox of a paper machine with a supplied pulp slurry, the operation of these devices being materially affected by the presence of excessive air in the slurry.
  • Another object of the invention is to minimize bubbling and frothing on the Fourdrinier wire section, due to released air, while enabling the pulp fibers to arrange themselves in a more uniform layer thereon, giving a better paper formation.
  • a further object of the invention is to achieve pulp deaeration as described according to an apparatus combining the deaerating function with a pulp cleaning function, especially one utilizing the elutriation principle of adding supplemental liquid to a dirt-rich fraction of the slurry.
  • Still another object of the invention is to utilize the central liquid-free core of a hydro-cyclone as the flow path for withdrawn air, a feature of the invention residing in the use of an elutriation device at the rejects end of the hydrocyclone presenting a discharge orifice on the same axis as the liquid-free core whereby such core may extend through the elutriation device and be connected beyond such device to a source of vacuum.
  • a further object of the invention is to provide separators possessing the advantageous structural features, the inherent meritorious characteristics and the mode of operation herein mentioned.
  • FIG. 1 is a view in side elevation, partly diagrammatic, of apparatus accomplishing deaerating and dedirting functions in accordance with instant inventive concepts
  • FIG. 2 is a view of the apparatus of FIG. tudinal section, some parts being omitted.
  • the combined hydrocyclonic cleaner and deaerator selected as the illustrated embodiment of the invention comprises a main section 10 essentially conical in form and for convenience of manufacture and parts replacement made up of three relatively detachable portions 11, 12 and 13.
  • an elutriation device 14 To the apex end of section 10 is fitted an elutriation device 14. The base end of section 10 projects in cylindrical form to define an ex.
  • the conical section 10 is open in its interior to define a separating chamber 16. Portion 13 at the apex end is truncated at its tip and defines an opening 17 in the longitudinal axis of section 10.
  • the opposite end of the cone section, as defined by the upper end of cylindrical portion 15, is closed by an insert 13 overlaid by a flange 19.
  • Installed in closure 18 and flange 19, in a manner to project within and without chamber 16, is an open ended tube 21, the tube being centrally disposed in the longitudinal axis of section 10 in alignment with opening 17.
  • Beneath closure 18, cylindrical portion 15 is formed with a lateral opening 22 through which a fluent liquid slurry is received into chamber 16, the arrangement and location of opening 22 being such as to achieve a tangentially directed flow of the incoming slurry relative to the Wall of chamber 16.
  • Means including a fitting 23 conducts the slurry to inlet opening 22.
  • the apparatus of the inventive embodiment is incorporated into a system circulating the slurry under pump pressure, which system may include treatment stations additional to the deaerating cleaner here illustrated at locations either upstream or downstream thereof relative to the slurry flow.
  • the slurry is in the instance of the illustrated form of the invention an aqueous cellulosic pulp suspension. It contains, however, in addition to liquid and usable pulp fibers, an amount of air which would be considered excessive if allowed to reach the paper making machine, as well as dirt, which term is used generally to define unwanted and unusable materials such as bark specks, shives, sand, grit and the like.
  • the introduced slurry develops a rotating motion, and, in response to continuing slurry introduction, moves progressively from the base end of cone section 10 toward the apex end thereof.
  • Flow velocity increases as the cross-sectional area of chamber 16 decreases and a somewhat complex pattern of forces results producing an outer descending vortex 24 and an inner ascending vortex 25.
  • liquid and relatively light usable fibers transfer from the outer vortex to the inner vortex and rise as an acceptable slurry fraction to and through the tube 21 set in the base end of the unit.
  • the remaining slurry fraction rich in relatively heavier dirt particles, remains in the outer vortex and proceeds to opening 17 at the apex end of the unit whence it discharges as the rejected fraction.
  • Some of the developed forces in the unit are (a) a pressure differential from the periphery of section 10 toward the center thereof and toward the truncated end of the cone, (b) a centrifugal force generated by the rotating slurry, and (c) an increase in tangential velocity from the periphery to the central region.
  • the pressure differential induces motion toward the center of the unit and toward the apex of the cone. Fiber and dirt in passing through the fields of successively increasing centrifugal force tend to ances the radial flow will be carried down in this field by the downward component of liquid flow until it reaches the apex.
  • the fibers have a high length to diameter ratio and present substantial surface to the radially moving liquid and are carried toward the center of the unit and finally upward in vortex 25 because of the increasing tangential velocity without serious entrainment of dirt.
  • the dirt, together with some fiber, carries down toward the apex of the cone where it is continuously discharged through opening 17.
  • the centrifugal force developed in cone section results in formation of a liquid-free core 26 in the axis thereof.
  • the core 26 is continuous throughout section 19, extending to and through apex end opening 17 and to and through the accepts discharge tube 21. Opening 17 is sized with regard to the diameter of the formed core 26 so that an annular space surrounding such core is provided adequate to the discharge of the rejected dirtrich fraction. Air carried with the moving slurry tends to move from the slurry into the core 26 of relatively reduced pressure.
  • the elutriation device 14 In the interests of continuing the separation process beyond discharge opening 17, and under conditions conducive to good separation, there is fitted to the apex end of the cone section 10 the elutriation device 14 as before mentioned.
  • This device comprises a cylindrical portion 27 receiving the apex end of cone section 10 and a frustoconical portion 28 forming a coaxial continuation of cylindrical portion 27 and connected thereto by sloping surface 29.
  • Clamping means 31 attaches the fitting 14 to the section 10 in a substantially air tight manner.
  • the truncated tip of frusto-conical portion 28 defines an opening in the form of discharge orifice 32.
  • the device 14 is formed with a tangentially disposed downwardly inclined opening 33 receiving supplemental liquid through means including a fitting 34.
  • the incoming supplemental liquid joins the swirling slurry discharging through opening 17. It imparts renewed energy of motion thereto and dilutes the slurry.
  • fibers trapped in the concentrated rejected fraction issuing from opening 17 are enabled more readily to move inward and to join or be drawn into the upwardly moving inner vortex 25 for removal through tube 21. Usable fibers, which would otherwise be lost, are thereby recovered from the rejected fraction while permitting the dirt to continue its downward path of travel.
  • the structure of device 14, as well as its manner of mounting to the cone section 10, is such as to make it in effect a coaxial extension of the section 10.
  • the center line of the device, passing through cylindrical portion 27 and cone portion 28, is on the same axis as is cone section 10.
  • Discharge orifice 32 is thus on the same said axis.
  • Deaeration of the pulp slurry is accomplished by reducing the pressure in core 26 to a value less than that which is generated by the rotary motion of the slurry. According to a feature of the invention this reduction in pressure is brought about by applying vacuum to the core 26 through the elutriation device 14, such core being accessible through the discharge orifice 32 as above noted.
  • a closed chamber 35 having an upwardly rising duct 36 receiving the conical portion 28 of device 14.
  • a wear resistant liner 37 may be installed in duct 36.
  • duct 36 At its upper end the duct 36 is fitted to or connected to conical portion 28 in the region of sloping surface 29 by means of a coupling 38 establishing a substantially air tight connection between fitting 14 and duct 36. The latter is in turn connected in a substantially air tight manner to chamber 35. As a result the air pressure established in chamber 35 is communicated through duct 36 to discharge orifice 32 and to the liquid-free core 26 disposed centrally thereof.
  • discharged slurry collects in the bottom part of chamber 35 and is continuously or selectively drawn off through an outlet opening 39 in the bottom wall of the chamber.
  • the upper part of the chamber 35 represents an air space and is connected through an upper outlet 41 to a source of vacuum which may be a vacuum pump or like device.
  • a source of vacuum which may be a vacuum pump or like device.
  • the discharge orifice 32 is sized, like the discharge opening 17, to accommodate the core 26 while retaining an annular space thereabout for discharge of the rejected fraction.
  • the core is enabled to retain its identity as a fiow path for released air to and through the orifice 32 without impairment of the slurry discharge process.
  • a deaerating separator comprising a conical wall section forming a chamber having base and apex ends and an inlet in its base end for tangential inflow of an air entraining liquid slurry, said chamber so formed being operative to produce therein a separation of said slurry into accepted and rejected fractions which counterfiow in concentric columns and produce a central coextensive liquid-free core, means defining an elutriation chamber having one end connected to the apex end of said conical section, said means defining said elutriation chamber having a cylindrical form to the end thereof connected to said conical section while its remote end has a conical form the tip of which provides an opening from said elutriation chamber having a diameter exceeding that of said core, said elutriation chamber forming a direct extension of said separating chamber and having an inlet for tangential inflow of a supplemental liquid at a location adjacent said apex end of said conical section to produce thereby a continuation of the
  • a deaerating separator comprising a conical wall section forming a chamber having base and apex ends in cluding an inlet at its base end for a tangential inflow of an air entraining liquid slurry, said chamber being so formed to produce'therein a separation of said slurry into accepted and rejected fractions which counterflow in concentric columns and produce a central coextensive liquidfree core, air in the slurry being drawn into said core by generated centrifugal forces, means defining an elutriation chamber having one end connected to the apex end of said conical section, said means defining said elutriation chamber having a cylindrical form to the end thereof connected to said conical section while its remote end has a conical form, said elutriation chamber forming a direct extension of said separating chamber and having a discharge orifice generally coaxial with the apex end of said conical section, said elutriation chamber having an inlet for a tangential inflow of
  • a deaerating separator comprising a wall section forming a chamber circular in cross-section and open to either end, said chamber having an inlet to one end for tangential inflow of an air entraining liquid slurry, said chamber being so formed to produce therein a separation of said slurry into accepted and rejected fractions which counterflow' in generally concentric columns and produce a central coextensive liquid-free core, centrifugal forces generated in said chamber inducing the movement of entrained air to said core, a fitting forming an extension of the other end of said separator section having first a cylindrical interior and a frusto-conical projected extremity spaced longitudinally from said separator section, said conical extremity terminating in a discharge orifice on the central axis of said separator section, means for introducing supplemental liquid to said fitting in a manner to entrain the rejected fraction issuing from said separator section and form an extension of said core to and through said orifice and means defining a chamber in connection with said fitting to receive the discharge
  • a deaerating separator as in claim 3 characterized in that the projected extremity of said fitting is formed as a discharge nozzle the opening from which has a crosssectional area exceeding the cross-section of said core to provide thereby that the rejected fraction issue from said fitting about and in defining relation to an extension of said core.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Paper (AREA)
  • Cyclones (AREA)
US353823A 1964-03-23 1964-03-23 Cyclonic separator Expired - Lifetime US3331193A (en)

Priority Applications (6)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US353823A US3331193A (en) 1964-03-23 1964-03-23 Cyclonic separator
FI642358A FI44753C (fi) 1964-03-23 1964-11-11 Tapa poistaa ilma nestemäisestä sulfasta ja hydrosykloni tämän tavan suorittamiseksi
DE19641442375 DE1442375C (de) 1964-03-23 1964-11-19 Hydrozyklonabscheider
FR996788A FR1416740A (fr) 1964-03-23 1964-11-30 Perfectionnements aux dispositifs de désaération de bouillies liquides
SE348/65A SE323057B (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1964-03-23 1965-01-12
GB7766/65A GB1024146A (en) 1964-03-23 1965-02-23 Cyclonic separator

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US353823A US3331193A (en) 1964-03-23 1964-03-23 Cyclonic separator

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3331193A true US3331193A (en) 1967-07-18

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US353823A Expired - Lifetime US3331193A (en) 1964-03-23 1964-03-23 Cyclonic separator

Country Status (5)

Country Link
US (1) US3331193A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
FI (1) FI44753C (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
FR (1) FR1416740A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
GB (1) GB1024146A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
SE (1) SE323057B (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)

Cited By (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3687286A (en) * 1969-07-31 1972-08-29 Oesterr Amerikan Magnesit Centrifugal force separator or classifier
US3971718A (en) * 1973-07-20 1976-07-27 Elast-O-Cor Products & Engineering Limited Hydrocyclone separator or classifier
US4316729A (en) * 1977-12-27 1982-02-23 Texaco Inc. Highly efficient cyclone separator
US4596586A (en) * 1979-04-11 1986-06-24 The British Petroleum Company P.L.C. Separator for oil and gas, and separation process
US4737271A (en) * 1986-04-24 1988-04-12 Richard Mozley Limited Hydrocyclone separation of different-sized particles
US4956090A (en) * 1988-04-29 1990-09-11 Richard Berg Aktiebolag Hydrocyclone divided into sections
US5453196A (en) * 1993-07-09 1995-09-26 Tuszko; Wlodzimierz J. Induced long vortex cyclone separation method and apparatus
US20040144256A1 (en) * 2003-01-28 2004-07-29 Mazzei Angelo L. Enhanced separation and extraction of gas from a liquid utilizing centrifugal forces
US9884325B2 (en) * 2015-08-21 2018-02-06 Andritz Ag Hydrocyclone with fine material depletion in the cyclone underflow
US10159989B2 (en) * 2013-08-09 2018-12-25 Weir Minerals Australia Ltd. Cyclone separator apparatus and methods of production
WO2023132100A1 (ja) * 2022-01-06 2023-07-13 株式会社ブンリ 分離装置の消泡構造

Families Citing this family (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CA1317237C (en) * 1987-03-03 1993-05-04 Martin Thomas Thew Cyclone separator
AU608618B2 (en) * 1987-06-10 1991-04-11 Conoco Specialty Products Inc. Liquid separator
AU612673B2 (en) * 1987-06-10 1991-07-18 Conoco Specialty Products Inc. Liquid separator
FR3016805A1 (fr) * 2014-01-29 2015-07-31 Piscines Desjoyaux Sa Dispositif de filtration d'un liquide par effet cyclonique

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2709397A (en) * 1950-07-19 1955-05-31 Dorries A G Vorm Maschinenfabr Tubular hydro-extractor for purifying suspensions of fibrous material
US2809567A (en) * 1953-09-16 1957-10-15 Bauer Bros Co Apparatus for separating solids from a liquid suspension
US2816490A (en) * 1952-09-24 1957-12-17 Nichols Engineering And Res Co Apparatus for treating liquid mixtures for separation of solid particles and gases
US2816658A (en) * 1954-10-11 1957-12-17 Dorr Oliver Inc Hydrocyclones
US2878934A (en) * 1957-11-01 1959-03-24 Smith Paper Mills Ltd Howard Method and apparatus separating dirt from aqueous suspensions of pulp fibres
US3163508A (en) * 1960-09-07 1964-12-29 Smith Paper Mills Ltd Howard Method and apparatus for separating gas from liquid rich foams or liquids containing entrained air

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2709397A (en) * 1950-07-19 1955-05-31 Dorries A G Vorm Maschinenfabr Tubular hydro-extractor for purifying suspensions of fibrous material
US2816490A (en) * 1952-09-24 1957-12-17 Nichols Engineering And Res Co Apparatus for treating liquid mixtures for separation of solid particles and gases
US2809567A (en) * 1953-09-16 1957-10-15 Bauer Bros Co Apparatus for separating solids from a liquid suspension
US2816658A (en) * 1954-10-11 1957-12-17 Dorr Oliver Inc Hydrocyclones
US2878934A (en) * 1957-11-01 1959-03-24 Smith Paper Mills Ltd Howard Method and apparatus separating dirt from aqueous suspensions of pulp fibres
US3163508A (en) * 1960-09-07 1964-12-29 Smith Paper Mills Ltd Howard Method and apparatus for separating gas from liquid rich foams or liquids containing entrained air

Cited By (14)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3687286A (en) * 1969-07-31 1972-08-29 Oesterr Amerikan Magnesit Centrifugal force separator or classifier
US3971718A (en) * 1973-07-20 1976-07-27 Elast-O-Cor Products & Engineering Limited Hydrocyclone separator or classifier
US4316729A (en) * 1977-12-27 1982-02-23 Texaco Inc. Highly efficient cyclone separator
US4596586A (en) * 1979-04-11 1986-06-24 The British Petroleum Company P.L.C. Separator for oil and gas, and separation process
US4737271A (en) * 1986-04-24 1988-04-12 Richard Mozley Limited Hydrocyclone separation of different-sized particles
US4956090A (en) * 1988-04-29 1990-09-11 Richard Berg Aktiebolag Hydrocyclone divided into sections
US5453196A (en) * 1993-07-09 1995-09-26 Tuszko; Wlodzimierz J. Induced long vortex cyclone separation method and apparatus
US20040144256A1 (en) * 2003-01-28 2004-07-29 Mazzei Angelo L. Enhanced separation and extraction of gas from a liquid utilizing centrifugal forces
US6866703B2 (en) * 2003-01-28 2005-03-15 Angelo L. Mazzei Enhanced separation and extraction of gas from a liquid utilizing centrifugal forces
US10159989B2 (en) * 2013-08-09 2018-12-25 Weir Minerals Australia Ltd. Cyclone separator apparatus and methods of production
US11135603B2 (en) * 2013-08-09 2021-10-05 Weir Minerals Australia Ltd. Cyclone separator apparatus and methods of production
US9884325B2 (en) * 2015-08-21 2018-02-06 Andritz Ag Hydrocyclone with fine material depletion in the cyclone underflow
WO2023132100A1 (ja) * 2022-01-06 2023-07-13 株式会社ブンリ 分離装置の消泡構造
JP2023100348A (ja) * 2022-01-06 2023-07-19 株式会社ブンリ 分離装置

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR1416740A (fr) 1965-11-05
GB1024146A (en) 1966-03-30
DE1442375A1 (de) 1968-11-21
FI44753C (fi) 1971-12-10
SE323057B (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1970-04-27
DE1442375B2 (de) 1972-12-28
FI44753B (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1971-08-31

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