US3312092A - Control arrangement for level rolling metal plates and sheets in reversible rolling mills - Google Patents

Control arrangement for level rolling metal plates and sheets in reversible rolling mills Download PDF

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Publication number
US3312092A
US3312092A US318984A US31898463A US3312092A US 3312092 A US3312092 A US 3312092A US 318984 A US318984 A US 318984A US 31898463 A US31898463 A US 31898463A US 3312092 A US3312092 A US 3312092A
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pass
rolling
sheet
value
passes
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US318984A
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Neumann Karl Josef
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Moeller and Neumann Verwaltungsgesellschaft Offene GmbH
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Moeller and Neumann Verwaltungsgesellschaft Offene GmbH
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21B—ROLLING OF METAL
    • B21B37/00—Control devices or methods specially adapted for metal-rolling mills or the work produced thereby
    • B21B37/16—Control of thickness, width, diameter or other transverse dimensions
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21B—ROLLING OF METAL
    • B21B37/00—Control devices or methods specially adapted for metal-rolling mills or the work produced thereby
    • B21B37/74—Temperature control, e.g. by cooling or heating the rolls or the product
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21B—ROLLING OF METAL
    • B21B1/00—Metal-rolling methods or mills for making semi-finished products of solid or profiled cross-section; Sequence of operations in milling trains; Layout of rolling-mill plant, e.g. grouping of stands; Succession of passes or of sectional pass alternations
    • B21B1/38—Metal-rolling methods or mills for making semi-finished products of solid or profiled cross-section; Sequence of operations in milling trains; Layout of rolling-mill plant, e.g. grouping of stands; Succession of passes or of sectional pass alternations for rolling sheets of limited length, e.g. folded sheets, superimposed sheets, pack rolling
    • B21B2001/386—Plates

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a control -arrangement for level rolling metal plates and sheets, and more particularly to a control arrangement in which the rolling action produces a correct overall flow of the rolled material to provide a level surface and an even thickness of the plates and sheets.
  • a correct ow control in rolling metal sheets is particularly important in the final passes so as to prevent that the rollers exert varying pressures either in the center or along the edges because of the roller deflection due to the rolling pressure.
  • the sheet ows i.e. is stretched or pressed uniformly over its entire width.
  • a particular difficulty resides in the fact that the rolling pressure should not drop linearly in a uniform manner, but that it should drop relatively more during the rst passes of the last series of passes, and less during the nal pass because t-he rolling action takes place only in that case with a correct ow control and without the formation of folds. It is practically impossible for the operator to correctly observe the curve according to which the rolling pressure should drop merely by actuating the adjusting device, thus by reducing the passes.
  • the contr-ol arrangement of the invention includes also the continuously increasing deformation resistance of the sheet during cooling so that in the calculated pass reduction also the cooling during operation stoppage between two passes is taken into consideration.
  • the control arrangement of this invention proposes to determine the rolling pressure by introducing the width of the sheet according to a predetermined schedule of the roller dellections which decrease toward the last pass, wherein the pass reductions are pre-calculated for the passes which follow the guide pass, and whereby a check is made to see if the sum of the pass reductions corresponds to the diterence between the crosssectional sheet thickness so measured in the guide pass and the desired nal thickness sn of the sheet.
  • the pre-calculation is to be repeated with ⁇ a dilerent characteristic of roller deflection or a di'erent number of passes in the last series of passes until the difference so-sn correspond-s to the sum oi the pass reductions.
  • the invention comprises also a method of operating the novel control arrangement according to which the precalculation of the last series of passes is repeated with each pass of this series while decreasing the set number of passes.
  • FIG. l shows a rolling process and illustrates clearly the significance of the symbols employed in the formulas given in this description
  • FlG. 2 shows a block diagram of a control arrangement for determining the pass reduction of the passes following a guide pass based on a predetermined rolling pressure
  • FlG. 3 shows a block diagram of the same control arrangement for calculating a pass series after the introduction of the characteristics of the desired course of the roller deflection.
  • the mathematical basis for the control arrangement of the invention is the so-called Eckelund formula
  • Pw is the rolling pressure.
  • the value d is the so-c-alled pressed length which may be seen lrom FIG. 1 land depends on the roller diameter d and he reduction Ah according to the formula given here.
  • lhe sheet width b is also variable, even when the rolling )poration is started with the slabs having the same dimenions, because during the first passes not only longitudii-ally pressing passes are carried out, but after turning the lab by 90 transversely pressing passes are also made, o that the width isA not always the same lat the beginning )f the final pass series.
  • Kw is the specific deormation resistance of the work material and depends )n the thickness s of the work material, the rolling speed v tnd the work material temperature t. It is equal to the um of the existing specific deformation 'resistances KS :inuence of the outlet thickness s of the work material),
  • the control diagram illustrated in FIGURE 2 is deigned for the purpose of determiningj ⁇ at the beginning if the nal pass series in which a decreasing rolling pres- ⁇ ure speed w is applied, the values Pw, Ab and b by measirements and to derive therefrom the specific deformaion resistance KW of the particular sheet.
  • he reduction A111 :of the sheet for the subsequent pass is :alculated from the probable Kw-value for the subsequent )ass yand from the predetermined rolling pressure over he pressed length Id.
  • the Width of the rolled material b 'emains the same because in this instance no widening )asses are carried out.
  • the frame 1 of the reversible mill is ⁇ provided with the iressure gauge box 2 for measuring the rolling pressure W.
  • Thickness measuring devices 3 and 4 are mounted )n both sides of the frame and in each case only the neasuring device which lies behind the frame in the rollng direction will feed its value into line 17. This is obained by ⁇ alternately connectible contacts 5 and 6 in ines 7 and 8. In the case illustrated, in which the sheet s rolled from left to right, contact 6 is closed and conact 5 is opened, so that only the measured value of the hickness gauge 4 is relayed as absolute value.
  • ⁇ a :omparison device 9 the difference Aho between the measlrement values of the thickness gauge devices 3 and 4 is )btained, which is introduced over line 9a and closed :ontact 9b into a calculator 12.
  • a width gauge 10 which s illustrated only schematically and which operates ap- Jropriately by a photoelectric scanning of the sheet edges, nay be l ⁇ disposed ⁇ on either side of the frame, and furnish :ontinuously measurement values, as the sheet width does 1ot change for several passes upon starting the control for :arrying out the last pass series. After a speed increase )f the rollers the rolling speed v is taken from the num- )er of revolutions of the rollers and is calculated and ndicated in device 11.
  • the effect of the control is the following:
  • the derived 'eduction Abo from comparison device 9 enters calculator l2 into which the roller diameter d is also fed from the adjusting device 13.
  • the pressed length do is calculated according to the formula indicated above 1nd fed to calculator 14.
  • the sheet width b from meas- 1ring device 10 and the existing rolling pressure PW(J from y)fessure gauge box 2 are also fed to this calculator.
  • Ks is deducted from KW so that at rest the two existing values Kv-l-Kt are obtained. This sum is 'conducted further into the device 13 in which the existing deformation resistance KV based on the rolling speed is deducted.
  • the calculator system is employed also to determine the actual temperature of the work material.
  • the same instruments may be employed for the reverse calculation in a second calculating operation only when the flow of the first calculating operation in the direction described so far is interrupted. While the sheet is still being worked this is obtained by actuating a solenoid 23 for the contacts 5, 6, 9b, 24 and 32 in such a manner that the lines 8 for the value s, 9b for Aho, 25 for the value PW 4and 32 for the value V are interrupted without closing line 7 of gauge 3. But some values must be retained or stored for the reverse calculation such as the sheet width b in device 26, temperature t in device 27 and the initial thickness s in device 28.
  • the measured temperature to of the guide sheet is fed into calculator 29 which in reference to the time and the measured sO-value feeds a continuously decreasing temperature value t1 into the calculator 21,
  • the time factor is introduced by a timing device 30 into the calculator 29 while the value s0 is introduced through device 28. The value so remains constant until the beginning of the following pass, thus until a new measurement value which must come from the gauge 3.
  • the continuously decreasing temperature value furnishes in device 21 a new higher Kt-value which is fed into device 18
  • a greater rolling speed V1 is employed which is set at the adjusting device 21 and fed into the function device 19.
  • This device furnishes a new and increased Kv-value which is processed in device 18 and forms at the outlet a new value Kv-l-Kt fed to the calculator 15. Since in the first calculating pass a new sheet thickness s is not yet available, rather the original Ks-value is present, a Kw1-value is fed from calculator 15 into device 14 which value is corrected only in view of the decreasing temperature and the increased rolling speed.
  • a new ldl value is calculated in device 14 from the available sheet width b from device 26 and from the pre-selected decreased rolling pressure PW from the adjusting device 33.
  • the device 12 derives now from the introduced value ldl a new reduction Abl. However, this value cannot be correct yet because the existing deformation resistance KS has not been changed yet.
  • A111 is fed to a calculator 34 into which through a line 35 also the outlet thickness so retained by device 2S is introduced by the running pass.
  • the difference so-Ahl is formed in device 34 which provides the new approximate sheet thickness s1 which is indicated in device 34a.
  • the value s1 is fed into line 17 and furnishes now ⁇ over the function device 16 a new value Ks which is introduced into device 15 and after being added to the constantly received values Kv-l-Kt, of which K, changes constantly under the influence of the running time factor, is added thereto and provides an improved value Kw1.
  • an improved value A111 is obtained and over device 34 lan improved value s1, which in turn causes a new calculating operation through device 16,
  • a correct reduction Ahl is derived in a constantly approaching manner for the subsequent pass. From the differential device 34 the reduction Ahl is fed to device 36 for the following pass.
  • This value Ahl which changes mainly due to the influence of the constantly running time factor determines in device 36 the number of the revolutions for the adjusting motor 37 which is ⁇ operated through switch 38.
  • the value A111 may change under the inuence of the running time factor until starting the rolling of the work material in the reverse pass, but thereafter is blocked in a manner not shown in detail.
  • the actual reduction A111 is equal to the adjusting value of the upper roller when Working always with the same rolling pressures since the reduction in the previous guide pass is determined with the frame under load so that the roller gap is eliminated. Due to the decreasing rolling pressure which takes place during this process a correction factor may be determined in the adjusting device 36 in a known manner not shown in detail.
  • This correction factor is comparatively the same as the decreasing roller gap and corrects the ⁇ reduction A111 determined for the following pass to a smaller adjustment than Ah1 Accordingly the difference between two rolling pressures PWD-Pm from device 33 and the spring constant of the frame would :have to be introduced into the adjusting device 36.
  • the rolling pressure which was pre-selected at 33 must be shown -at the indicator instrument 39. If this is not the case the reason for this can be, aside from the exactness in collecting the measurement values, only in that roller wear has occurred or that the roughness of the rollers is changing. As only small deviations are expected in this respect it is possible to adjust during the rolling operation the value for the roller diameter set at 13 also while the work material passes between the rollers in lorder to obtain the pre-selected rolling -pressure at 39. As the diameter of the rollers and their surface conditions changed only slowly such corrections will be necessary only from time to time. On the basis of test values one could also consider a change of the value in device 13 from pass to pass in very small magnitudes automatically.
  • the goal should therefore be that after the first guide pass the last desired rolling pressure is determined in reference to the sheet width b which varies from sheet to sheet, under which pressure the Iroller deflection forms the smallest possible groove, thus rolling a finished sheet with optimum tolerance throughout its width.
  • FIGURE 3 a control diagram is shown which is necessary as a supplement to the diagram of FIGURE 2 when after a guide pass it is desired to change to a determination of the reductions going backwards from the last pass.
  • the guide pass is still necessary in order to retain the values of the sheet width, the temperature and the rolling speed, because the temperature and the rolling speed must be determined for the last pass according to the novel process.
  • the control arrangement of FIGURE 3 corresponds 4to the devices of FIGURE 2 with regard to the calculating devices 12, 14, 15, 1.6, 18, 19 and 21.
  • the starting point for the calculations are the values of the roller deliection Y which beginning at the last pass with the index n have the smallest value and which are set in the example illustrated up to the fourth last pass by the index '71*3" at the devices 40-43.
  • the number n of the passes following the guide pass is also set in the device 44 so that the work material is rolled in the final pass to the exact point without requiring an empty pass.
  • the number of passes n in device 44 it is determined also how many of the devices 40-43 are to furnish the values.
  • the minimum roller deflection Yn is fed from the device 40 into a function device 45 in which the rolling pressure is calculated as function of the sheet width b, the roller diameter d and the roller deflection Y.
  • the sheet width b is furnished by device 26 of the arrangement of FIGURE 2.
  • the rolling pressure calculated for the last ypass is fed into calculator 14 into which the sheet width b is also introduced.
  • the pressed length ld which is initially set at random is fed from the adjusting device 60 into device 14.
  • a Kw-value is derived which is fed into a differential device 47 where it is compared with a KW- value derived from devices 15, 16, 18, 19 and 21 in the manner described above in order to determine the value for the nal pass n.
  • the end temperature tn is set in device 48 with a free selection and is fed into device 21 in order to determine the existing deformation resistance Kt.
  • the rolling speed must be set according to the number of passes bymeans of devices 49, 50, 51 and 52.
  • the value Vn ⁇ is taken from device 49 and the pertaining Kv-value is calculated in device 19. From the previously set desired value of the sheet thickness sn which comes into device 46 through line S3 the Ks-value is calculated in device 16 and fed to device 15.
  • a pulse is fed through line 55 to the adjusting device 41 for the ruler deflection Yn 1 of the next -to the last pass in order to feed :now this value for the following calculation to device 45. While this takes place the value Yn from device 40 is cancelled.
  • the pulse in line 55 which initiates the determination of the values for the next to the last pass is also fed to the adjusting devices 49-52 in order to cancel the value from 49 and to feed the value from 50 ⁇ together with Vn 1 into device 19.
  • adjusting devices 56, 57 and 58 are provided in front of device 21 in which the temperature differences are pre-set from pass to pass and in which during the second calculating process the temperature tn l is taken from device 56.
  • the sum which represents the next to the last sheet thickness .tn l is determined from the desired thickness sn in device 46 and the already determined reduction Ahn in device 61. This value is fed to the device 16 during the second calculating process.
  • connection 74 is provided from the function device 70 to the adjusting device 44 for the pass number n.
  • the difference .ro-s is conducted to 44 in case it is too large in order to be able to adjust at 70 another one of the introduced functions of y. If for example at 70 the border value function according to line 73 is set and tvo-s0 is still positive it is possible to reduce the sum of the reductions Ah only by a reduction of the number of passes in order to obtain a smaller sa. This is obtained through device 44 yby means of a signal from device 70 when this device can no longer process a pulse which it has received.
  • the pass number is adjusted appropriately by an even number, at least by 2, so as to avoid an empty pass.
  • the values at 42 and 43 and correspondingly at 57, 58 and at 51, 52 would be cancelled.
  • the temperature of the guide pass is available from device 27 in FIGURE 2 and since now only a temperature drop over two succeeding passes needs to -be considered the values at 48 and 56 should be corrected simultaneously.
  • a new calculation with only two remaining passes will produce at 69 a negative difference so-so' as at 70 the function according to line 73 is still set, and this difference causes at 70 a larger value yn 1 in that a function of y with a steeper characteristic is set until the difference is equal to zero.
  • the rolling pressures PW derived at 35 are conducted into the adjusting device 33 shown in FIGURE 2.
  • the device 70 changes thus within permissible limits ultimately the rolling pressure course within a predetermined number of passes without deviating from the principle of a correct flow adjusted rolling. Only when the values conducted to device 70 are out of range for this device they are conducted into device 44 in order to change the pass number.
  • the values derived from the pre-calculation according to FIGURE 3 may be used in various ways for further rolling operations. First of all it is possible to store from devices 62, 64, 66 and 68 the reductions in device 36 of FIGURE 2 and to employ them before each reversing step of the rolling operation. But as indicated above the values PW for the rolling pressure may be supplied from device 45 and fed according to need to the adjusting device 33 of FIGURE 2. In this case the rolling mill is controlled, as stated at the start, over the rolling pressure course now determined with greater exactness, from device 33 wherein each pass may be again the guide pass for the following pass in order to control the temperature continuously and so as to consider work stoppages.
  • the sheet end thickness sn is the basis for determining the existing deformation resistance Ks at 16 for the final pass because the determining initial thickness sn 1 is still not available.
  • a reversible rolling mill having at least one pair of opposed rollers for reducing the thickness of a metal sheet having a specific deformation resistance which varies as a function of its temperature during a series of passes including at least a pair of passes therethrough, and means for varying the spacing of said rollers
  • the improvement comprising: first means for generating a rst signal indicative of the reduction in thickness taking place as said sheet is passing through said -rollers during the first of said pair of passes; second means for generating a second signal indicative of the width of said sheet; third means for generating a third signal indicative of the pressure being exerted by said rollers on said sheet during said first of said pair of passes; fourth means for generating from said first, said second, and said third signals, a fourth signal indicative of said specific deformation resistance of said sheet; fifth means for conducting said first, said second, and said third signals to said fourth means; sixth means for selectively preventing said fifth means from conducting said first and said third signals to said fourth means; said fourth means including means, operable when said sixth
  • said first means further includes means for generating a seventh signal indicative of the thickness of said sheet resulting from said first pass; and wherein said fourth means further includes means for deriving an eighth signal indicative of the outlet thickness of said sheet which will result from said reduced spacing during second pass, and means responsive to said seventh signal for modifying said sixth signal to cause said sixth signal to more accurately indicate the reduced roll spacing corresponding to a desired change in thickness of said plate durin-g said second pass of said at least one pair of passes which will produce a predetermined desired pressure on said sheet in the second pass of said at least one pair of passes.
  • said fourth means further includes means for generating, from the known permissible deflection of said rollers during the last pass of said series of passes, signals indicative of the desired rolling pressures for each pass of said series of passes.
  • said fourth means further includes means responsive to said signals indicative of the desired rolling pressures for said series of passes for pre-calculating the required change in roller spacing for each pass of said series of passes.
  • said means for pre-calculating the lrequired change in roller spacing for each pass 0f said series of passes includes means for causing said pre-calculation to be repeated with each pass of the series of passes while decreasing the number of passes in said series of passes.
  • a rolling force schedule is established in advance for a pre-set number of passes of a last pass series, comprising the steps of pre-setting for each pass a roll deiiection value yn, yn 1, yn 2, yn3, from which values the last yn corresponds to the permissible and necessary roll deflection during the final pass and the foregoing values are chosen in accordance with the desired flow adjusted level of rolling operation, computing each deflection value to establish a corresponding rolling force schedule in function of said defiection values, the measured width of the work material and the diameter of the rolls, simulating the rolling operation backwards from ⁇ the final pass and the desired final thickness sn of the work material by adding the sum of pass reduction values computed for each fictive pass under the terms ⁇ of a rolling formula and said rolling force schedule to said desired final thickness value sn, comparing this sum so with the measured outlet thickness value so of the guide pass, repeating said simulating operation in
  • output of said comparison is made and held zero by varying a parameter ld proportional to the computed pass reduction values.
US318984A 1962-10-25 1963-10-25 Control arrangement for level rolling metal plates and sheets in reversible rolling mills Expired - Lifetime US3312092A (en)

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GB40399/62A GB994523A (en) 1962-10-25 1962-10-25 Automatic control for the hot rolling of plates and sheets in reversing frames

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Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3574280A (en) * 1968-11-12 1971-04-13 Westinghouse Electric Corp Predictive gauge control method and apparatus with adaptive plasticity determination for metal rolling mills
US3574279A (en) * 1970-01-08 1971-04-13 Westinghouse Electric Corp Predictive gauge control method and apparatus with automatic plasticity determination for metal rolling mills
US3648494A (en) * 1969-08-06 1972-03-14 Helmut Lautenschlager System for applying pilot control to the roll gap adjustment of a gauge-controlled cold rolling stand
EP0092741A1 (de) * 1982-04-23 1983-11-02 General Electric Company Verfahren zur Steuerung der Randverjüngung in Metallbandwalzwerken
US5544513A (en) * 1992-12-03 1996-08-13 Mannesmann Aktiengeselschaft Method for controlling the stretching of rolling stock
US20100281668A1 (en) * 2003-08-07 2010-11-11 Cmc Steel Fabricators, Inc. Single Slitting Process For Recycling Rail
CN114405997A (zh) * 2022-01-19 2022-04-29 南京钢铁股份有限公司 一种薄规格钢板的生产方法

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3410136A1 (de) * 1984-03-20 1985-10-03 Küsters, Eduard, 4150 Krefeld Verfahren zur steuerung der liniendruckverteilung in walzenanordnungen

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2281083A (en) * 1938-04-28 1942-04-28 Westinghouse Electric & Mfg Co Control system for rolling mills
US2767604A (en) * 1953-01-19 1956-10-23 Jr Mark E Whalen Apparatus for monitoring the operation of rolling mills
US2985043A (en) * 1959-04-24 1961-05-23 United States Steel Corp System for controlling the screw settings of a reversing mill
US3111046A (en) * 1958-02-12 1963-11-19 United States Steel Corp Automatic control system for continuous strip mill

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2281083A (en) * 1938-04-28 1942-04-28 Westinghouse Electric & Mfg Co Control system for rolling mills
US2767604A (en) * 1953-01-19 1956-10-23 Jr Mark E Whalen Apparatus for monitoring the operation of rolling mills
US3111046A (en) * 1958-02-12 1963-11-19 United States Steel Corp Automatic control system for continuous strip mill
US2985043A (en) * 1959-04-24 1961-05-23 United States Steel Corp System for controlling the screw settings of a reversing mill

Cited By (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3574280A (en) * 1968-11-12 1971-04-13 Westinghouse Electric Corp Predictive gauge control method and apparatus with adaptive plasticity determination for metal rolling mills
US3648494A (en) * 1969-08-06 1972-03-14 Helmut Lautenschlager System for applying pilot control to the roll gap adjustment of a gauge-controlled cold rolling stand
US3574279A (en) * 1970-01-08 1971-04-13 Westinghouse Electric Corp Predictive gauge control method and apparatus with automatic plasticity determination for metal rolling mills
EP0092741A1 (de) * 1982-04-23 1983-11-02 General Electric Company Verfahren zur Steuerung der Randverjüngung in Metallbandwalzwerken
US4718262A (en) * 1982-04-23 1988-01-12 General Electric Company Method for controlling edge taper in metal rolling mill
US5544513A (en) * 1992-12-03 1996-08-13 Mannesmann Aktiengeselschaft Method for controlling the stretching of rolling stock
US20100281668A1 (en) * 2003-08-07 2010-11-11 Cmc Steel Fabricators, Inc. Single Slitting Process For Recycling Rail
US7996973B2 (en) * 2003-08-07 2011-08-16 Cmc Steel Fabricators, Inc. Single slitting process for recycling rail
CN114405997A (zh) * 2022-01-19 2022-04-29 南京钢铁股份有限公司 一种薄规格钢板的生产方法
CN114405997B (zh) * 2022-01-19 2024-03-19 南京钢铁股份有限公司 一种薄规格钢板的生产方法

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