US3311779A - Indicating lamp circuit for the failure of head lamp circuit - Google Patents

Indicating lamp circuit for the failure of head lamp circuit Download PDF

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Publication number
US3311779A
US3311779A US353221A US35322164A US3311779A US 3311779 A US3311779 A US 3311779A US 353221 A US353221 A US 353221A US 35322164 A US35322164 A US 35322164A US 3311779 A US3311779 A US 3311779A
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circuit
oscillator
lamp
indicating
winding
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US353221A
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English (en)
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Jr Heinrich Hartkorn
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
    • H02H1/00—Details of emergency protective circuit arrangements
    • H02H1/0007—Details of emergency protective circuit arrangements concerning the detecting means
    • H02H1/003—Fault detection by injection of an auxiliary voltage
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60Q—ARRANGEMENT OF SIGNALLING OR LIGHTING DEVICES, THE MOUNTING OR SUPPORTING THEREOF OR CIRCUITS THEREFOR, FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60Q11/00—Arrangement of monitoring devices for devices provided for in groups B60Q1/00 - B60Q9/00
    • B60Q11/005—Arrangement of monitoring devices for devices provided for in groups B60Q1/00 - B60Q9/00 for lighting devices, e.g. indicating if lamps are burning or not
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G08—SIGNALLING
    • G08B—SIGNALLING OR CALLING SYSTEMS; ORDER TELEGRAPHS; ALARM SYSTEMS
    • G08B21/00—Alarms responsive to a single specified undesired or abnormal condition and not otherwise provided for
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B39/00—Circuit arrangements or apparatus for operating incandescent light sources
    • H05B39/10—Circuits providing for substitution of the light source in case of its failure

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a circuit arrangement for controlling or monitoring consumer circuits, especially circuits of lights of motor vehicles, without the use of contacts. Particularly in connection with motor vehicles, failure of a headlight not recognized by the driver may lead to serious hazards, but other circuit arrangements also have components which can be monitored to advantage.
  • Control arrangements are known in which each circuit to be controlled is provided with a relay the armature of which drops open when a failure occurs in said circuit which in turn actuates a contact which closes the circuit of a control or indicating lamp.
  • a control circuit operating with such contacts may not properly, or may falsely, indicate the failure of the circuit to be controlled or may not indicate such failure at all.
  • control circuits which operate without contacts but in which a control of the circuits is possible only after the respective circuit has been connected to the current source, for instance a battery.
  • an object of the present invention to provide a control or monitoring arrangement without contacts for consumer circuits, especially for controlling circuits of lights in motor vehicles, which will overcome the above-mentioned drawbacks.
  • FIGURE 1 shows a first embodiment according to the invention and includes an oscillator, a consumer circuit and a control circuit for the latter;
  • FIGURE 2 shows a second embodiment according to the invention which differs from that of FIG. 1 in that the control circuit is simplified thereover;
  • FIGURE 3 shows an arrangement according to the present invention for controlling a plurality of consumer circuits.
  • FIGURE 4 diagrammatically illustrates a housing combining in an encapsulated unit various elements of the arrangement according to FIGS. 1 to 3 respectively.
  • FIGURE 5 illustrates a housing for the indicating lamps used in connection with the arrangement according to the present invention.
  • a circuit arrangement for controlling without contacts consumer circuits, especially circuits of lights of motor vehicles, according to the present invention is characterized primarily in that an oscillator is connected to the feed voltage of the consumer circuits while the oscillating frequency of said oscillator differs from the normal frequency of the consumer circuits.
  • the outlet (Ausgangsgrosse) of said oscillator is connected to the consumer circuit to be controlled and to the control circuit pertaining thereto while the consumer circuit which has a low ohmic resistance at the oscillator frequency is connected to the control circuit which has a high ohmic resistance at said frequency in such a way that it represents a load or shunt for the control circuit.
  • an alternating current is produced which alternating current is simultaneously fed to the consumer circuit and the control circuit therefor.
  • the consumer circuit has a low ohmic resistance for said alternating current and inasmuch as the consumer circuit is connected to the control circuit of high ohmic resistance in such a way that it represents a load or shunt for said control circuit, an alternating current produced in the oscillator does not flow in the control circuit as long as the consumer circuit is closed.
  • the consumer circuit is interrupted, for instance due to a failure of a lamp or fuse arranged therein, the load or shunt of the control circuit is removed and an alternating current flows in said control circuit which may be made visible by an indicating lamp, for instance a glow lamp.
  • the outlet voltage of the oscillator is coupled to the consumer circuit and the control circuit by means of a transducer or transformer (Ubertrager).
  • the two circuits may be connected to one winding each of the transducer.
  • the consumer circuit as long as it is closed, then practically represents a shortcircuit for one winding of the transducer so that no voltage is present in that winding of the transducer which is connected to the control circuit. If this short-circuit is removed, for instance by a blowout of the incandescent filament of the lamp to be controlled, the oscillator voltage is fed into the winding connected to the control circuit so that an indicating lamp arranged in said control circuit will light up.
  • the oscillator is transistorized so that it has only a very low current consumption.
  • the oscillator is operated as blocking oscillator Sp errschwinger).
  • the consumer circuits of a motor vehicle are rovided with an ignition switch as well as an additional light switch.
  • the light switch is advantageously bridged by an alternating current impedance having a low ohmic resistance at the frequency of the oscillator.
  • alternating current impedance for instance a condenser of high capacity may be employed.
  • the circuit arrangement shown there in comprises an oscillator circuit generally designated 0, a consumer circuit C and a control circuit K.
  • a transistor 7 of oscillator O is connected to the positive pole ll of a battery through the intervention of an ignition switch 14, a winding 5 of a transducer T, a resistor 8 and one end of a resistor 9 the other end of which is connected to the negative pole 41 of said battery.
  • ignition switch 14 When said ignition switch 14 is closed, a working voltage is fed to said transistor 7.
  • the emitter 7a of transistor 7 is connected to a tapping 5a of winding 5 while the collector 7b of said transistor is connected to the negative pole 41 of the battery.
  • the oscillator O is furthermore provided with a retroactive or feedback condenser 6 the capacity of which determines the impulse frequency of the oscillator.
  • the arrangement is such that the oscillator operates as blocking oscillator while the frequency thereof is so selected that it differs from that normally encountered in the consumer circuit C.
  • a consumer 1 for instance a lamp of a motor vehicle, is on one hand connected to the negative pole 41 of the battery and on the other hand to the positive pole of the battery through the intervention of a fuse 2, a secondary winding 3 of transducer T, a light switch 15 and ignition switch 14.
  • the consumer circuit C is bridged by a circuit 4a comprising an electrolytic condenser 4 of high capacity and interposed between switch 15 and the negative pole 41 of the battery.
  • Circuit 4a has a low ohmic resistance and represents a load or shunt for the winding 3 of transducer T of such magnitude that no or only a very low voltage is received at a further winding 19 of transducer T.
  • Winding 10 of transducer 10 forms a part of the control circuit K which furthermore comprises a glow lamp 13. An alternating voltage produced by oscillator O is received at the winding 1% and rectified by a rectifier 12. Control circuit K is furthermore provided with a resistor 11 and condensers 10a and 1% which serve as bypass or filtering members.
  • transducer T If lamp 1 burns out, for instance due to a failure of the filament thereof, or if the fuse 2 blows out due to overload, transducer T is no longer under load and an alternating voltage is obtained at winding 19 which alternating voltage is rectified by means of the rectifier 12 and is smoothed by the filters 11, 19 and b. Consequently, glow lamp 133 will light up which indicates that a failure occurred in the corresponding consumer circuit C.
  • a control or indicator lamp 13a is arranged in the base-collector circuit 7b of the transistor 7.
  • Transistor 7 receives its working voltage from the battery through the intervention of the closed ignition switch 14, the winding 5 of a transducer T and resistors 8 and 9.
  • the arrangement according to FIG. 2 furthermore comprises a retroactive or feedback condenser 13! which together with the inductance of the winding 5 of transistor T determines the frequency of the oscillator.
  • the control lamp 13a is located in the outlet circuit, i.e. in this instance in the collector circuit of transistor 7.
  • a consumer circuit comprising a lamp 1, a fuse 2 and a winding 3 is arranged in parallel to the series circuit of condenser 13b and lamp 13a.
  • This arrangement serves for damping the feedback or retroactive circuit so that the oscillator cannot start oscillating if the consumer circuit is unbroken. If, however, lamp 1 or fuse 2 fail, no damping occurs any longer and the oscillator starts oscillating. The outlet alternating current thus produced is indicated by control lamp 13a.
  • FIG. 3 represents a further embodiment of the circuit according to the present invention.
  • a transistor oscillator operates as block oscillator which starts oscillating at a certain rhythm.
  • the frequency of the oscillations is determined by an electrolytic condenser 29 which thus determines the time sequence of the start of the oscillations.
  • the voltage produced by oscillator 25 is fed to con densers 21, 32, 33, 34 and, if desired, to further condensers, not shown in the drawing, through an outlet transducer 19. Each of these condensers is connected to a further transducer. In the arrangement of FIG. 3 only the circuit of one condenser (condenser 21) is shown in detail. Condenser 21 is connected to one end of a winding 24 of a transducer 18 while the other end of said winding 24 is connected to the outlet transducer 19 of oscillator 25.
  • a series circuit comprising a lamp 22 to be controlled, a fuse 23 and an electrolyte condenser 26 is connected to a winding 27 of transducer 13.
  • Lamp 22 receives direct current from a battery (not shown) connected to terminals 16 and 17 through the intervention of an ignition switch 3% and a light switch 31.
  • Condenser 26 is arranged between a connecting point 32 of the light switch 31 with the winding 27 and terminal 17 so that an alternating current fed into the system at the winding 27 may fiow regardless of whether switch 31 is open or closed.
  • a glow lamp 29 is connected to a winding 22 of transducer 18. As long as an alternating current may flow in the circuit connected to the winding 27, glow lamp 29 cannot light up inasmuch as the consumer circuit comprising lamp 22, fuse 23 and condenser 26 has a low ohmic resistance and inasmuch as consequently the transducer 18 is under such load that the voltage drop occurring at condenser 21 is considerably greater than the voltage produced at winding 24. If, however, the circuit is interrupted at the winding 27, for instance due to the fact that the lamp 22 burns out, the load of transistor 18 is eliminated inasmuch as no current can flow any longer in the circuit connected to winding 27.
  • the voltage in winding 24 and also in winding 28 increases and the glow lamp 29 receives a voltage sufficiently high to light up the same in a rhythm proluded by the block oscillator, i.e. glow lamp 29 lights up at regular intervals.
  • Block oscillators of high inner resistance may in a manner known per se be obtained by employing surface transistors in an emitter-base configuration and by withdrawing the outlet voltage at the collector.
  • the elements of the circuit are arranged in a housing and combined to an encapsulated unit by means of cast resin.
  • the housing may be provided with a plug strip to which there may be connected the conductors leading to the circuit.
  • the cast resin serves to protect the circuit against humidity and the soldered joints against shocks while protecting the arrangement against undesired access from the outside.
  • the plug strip makes possible an easy insertion and exchange of the device.
  • the control device shown therein comprises a main body 40 housing the elements of the circuit arrangement according to the present invention and forming an encapsulated unit by means of cast resin.
  • the fuses 2, 23 of the circuit arrangement are arranged in recesses 49a of a lid which is detachably connected to main body 40 by means of a screw 44- while the required number of terminals 46 for connection with the various consumers is provided on top of main body 40.
  • An additional housing 41 serving as indicating device is detachably connected to main body or housing 40 through the intervention of a multi-polar plug and socket arrangement 42, 43 which is so designed as to exclude an incorrect connection, for instance by making one hole 43a and the corresponding prong of the plug of greater diameter than the other holes and prongs.
  • Indicating device 41 consists of two sections 47, 48 made of different material. Front section 47 is made of plexiglass whereas the rear section 48 is made of a non-transparent synthetic material such as polyvinyl chloride. Section 48 is provided with bores 49 corresponding in number to the number of control lamps. Between sections 47, 48 there is inserted a lettering strip 52.
  • Front section 47 is provided with conical bores 50 which end shortly before the front surface of front section 47.
  • conical bores 50 which end shortly before the front surface of front section 47.
  • the control lamps are oblong and are located within the bores 49, 5i? and are fixedly held in their respective position by means of cast resin after contacts with the other elements have been effected.
  • the additional body or indicating device 41 is divided at 51. This affords a possibility easily to distinguish between the left-hand side of the car and the right-hand side of the car.
  • the letters A, F, S, R and B appearing in FIG. 5 on the right-hand side and on the left-hand side of indicating device 41 represent the low beam, high beam, park-light, tail-light and stop-light, respectively.
  • the whole arrangement is of very small size.
  • the main body 4% is preferably arranged at that place in a vehicle where customarily the box containing the fuses is arranged, whereas the indicating device 41 may be incorporated in the panel of the vehicle.
  • the arrangement according to the invention yields the advantage that failures can be noticed also when the consumer circuits are not connected to a current source. This is particularly advantageous with the control of light circuits of motor vehicles inasmuch as failures can be noticed also during the standstill of the vehicle and at daylight, i.e. when the lights are turned off.
  • a circuit arrangement for contact free controlling or monitcring of consumer circuits, especially light circuits of motor vehicles comprising; a transformer having first, second, and third magnetically coupled coil means, a consumer circuit to be controlled or monitored having a resistive load and in series with one of said coil means, a self-excited oscillator having its output side connected to a second one of said coils, a low frequency voltage source for the consumer circuit and connected to said oscillater so as to cause oscillation thereof, an on-oif switch connecting the source to said consumer circuit via said first coil, a control circuit including the third one of said coils and also including indicator means adapted to be energized when said third coil receives energy from said second coil, a component having a high impedance at the frequency of said source and a low impedance at the frequency of said oscillator connected in parallel to said resistive load and said first coil whereby the circuit branch made up of said component and resistive load has a low impedance at the oscillator frequency, said control circuit having a high impedance at the
  • said indicator means is a glow lamp which becomes illuminated only upon the development of a predetermined voltage in said third coil.
  • control circuit is directly connected to the output side of the oscillator, and a circuit component of low impedance in series with said indicating means in said control circuit.
  • a circuit arrangement in which said voltage source is a battery, an ignition switch in the circuit between the battery and said oscillator, the connection from said source to the oscillator being branched ed on the side of the ignition switch opposite the battery and on the side of the on-off switch toward the battery.
  • control circuit includes a rectifier to convert alternating current in the control circuit into direct current.
  • control circuit also includes filtering elements to smooth out pulsations in the current passing through said rectifier.
  • a circuit arrangement according to claim 13 in which elements of the circuits are arranged as a unit, and cast resinous material encapsulating said unit and forming a housing therefor.
  • An arrangement for monitoring an electric circuit to determine the continuity thereof comprising; a circuit to be monitored, an oscillator, an indicating circuit having an element therein operable to provide an indication when energized, a transformer, a first winding on the transformer connected to the output side of the oscillator to receive current therefrom, a second winding on the transformer connected across the circuit to be monitored whereby a circuit through said second winding will be completed only when the circuit to be monitored is continuous, a third Winding on the transformer connected across said indicating circuit, said circuit to be monitored having a relatively low impedance at the frequency of the oscillator and said indicating circuit having a relatively high impedance at the said frequency, whereby when the circuit to be monitored is continuous insufficient energy is transmitted to the control circuit to energize the said indicating means therein, a source of direct current voltage connected to said oscillator to cause oscillation thereof, and a switch selectively operable to connect said source to said consumer circuit, said source having a frequency substantially lower than that of said oscillator.
  • an electric circuit to be monitored in a monitoring arrangement for determining the continuity of an electric circuit; an electric circuit to be monitored, a self-excited oscillator, a control circuit having means therein energizable for providing an indication, a transformer, a first winding on said transformer connected to the output side of said oscillator, a second winding on the transformer connected across the circuit to be monitored, a third winding on the transformer connected across said indicating circuit, said circuit to be monitored having relatively low impedance at the frequency of the oscillator and said indicating circuit having a relatively high impedance at said frequency whereby energization of the said control circuit occurs only under conditions of discontinuity of the circuit to be monitored, a source of voltage of substantially lower frequency than that of the oscillator for energizaticn of said circuit to be monitored, means connecting said source of voltage with said oscillator for supplying energy thereto to cause the oscillator to oscillate, a control switch between the source of voltage and said circuit to be monitored, and means connected with the side of
  • an ignition switch for connecting the battery with the ignition system, a head lamp switch connecting the battery with the head lamp circuit, an oscillator connected to the ignition switch so as to be energized into a condition of oscillation upon closing of the ignition switch, an indicating circuit having an indicating lamp therein, a transformer having one winding connected across the oscillator output, a second winding connected across said head lamp circuit on the side of said head lamp switch opposite said battery, and a third winding connected across said indicating circuit, and said indicating circuit having a high impedance at the oscillator frequency relative to the impedance of said head lamp circuit whereby under conditions of continuity of said head lamp circuit said indicating lamp is not illuminated, while under conditions of interruption of said head lamp circuit said indicating lamp is illuminated.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
  • Emergency Management (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Circuit Arrangement For Electric Light Sources In General (AREA)
  • Lighting Device Outwards From Vehicle And Optical Signal (AREA)
US353221A 1963-03-27 1964-03-19 Indicating lamp circuit for the failure of head lamp circuit Expired - Lifetime US3311779A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DEH48657A DE1186760B (de) 1963-03-27 1963-03-27 Schaltungsanordnung zur kontaktlosen UEberwachung von Verbraucherstromkreisen
DEH0049012 1963-04-29

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US353221A Expired - Lifetime US3311779A (en) 1963-03-27 1964-03-19 Indicating lamp circuit for the failure of head lamp circuit

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US (1) US3311779A (en, 2012)
JP (1) JPS4624312B1 (en, 2012)
AT (1) AT243107B (en, 2012)
BE (1) BE645609A (en, 2012)
CH (1) CH443975A (en, 2012)
DE (1) DE1186760B (en, 2012)
NL (1) NL6403154A (en, 2012)

Cited By (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3532928A (en) * 1967-05-10 1970-10-06 Roger F West Light-failure warning system with oppositely wound transformer and scr logic circuit
US3550105A (en) * 1967-08-08 1970-12-22 Warwick Electronics Inc Battery condition indicator
US3624629A (en) * 1968-10-30 1971-11-30 Charles A Donaldson Warning system for warning of defective headlights, taillights and the like on motor vehicles, aircraft, marine craft and the like
US3626248A (en) * 1970-02-06 1971-12-07 Struthers Dunn Contact monitoring system
US3641545A (en) * 1968-12-09 1972-02-08 Copal Co Ltd Device for indicating interrupted electric service
US3719937A (en) * 1971-02-11 1973-03-06 Master Specialties Co Failure detection circuit
US3962676A (en) * 1972-08-04 1976-06-08 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Control system for ohmic loads, preferably signal lamps in a road traffic system
US4004291A (en) * 1973-03-28 1977-01-18 Trapark I Kiruna Aktiebolag Electric signal transmitter, preferably for alarm system
US4042908A (en) * 1969-03-28 1977-08-16 Koito Seisakusho Co., Ltd. Apparatus for safety and detection of illuminating circuit
US4348613A (en) * 1980-10-01 1982-09-07 Chrysler Corporation Lamp failure indicating circuit
FR2506110A1 (fr) * 1981-05-14 1982-11-19 Serres Bernard Dispositif a memoire pour controle d'eclairage
CN110570622A (zh) * 2019-09-10 2019-12-13 江苏创宇电器设备有限公司 一种红外二极管感应报警电路

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2314800C2 (de) * 1973-03-24 1985-05-15 Roland Dipl.-Ing. 7030 Böblingen Kißling Einrichtung zur kontaktlosen Überwachung von Verbraucherstromkreisen in Fahrzeugen

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1788597A (en) * 1928-03-19 1931-01-13 Ernest L Schultz Broken-circuit indicator
US2719288A (en) * 1953-06-11 1955-09-27 Eastman Kodak Co Circuit failure detecting device
US2897405A (en) * 1958-10-01 1959-07-28 Rca Corp Control circuits for luminous display devices
US2966614A (en) * 1958-08-27 1960-12-27 Movado Montres Indicating device for electronic countering circuits
US2982881A (en) * 1958-05-22 1961-05-02 Robert W Reich Portable light source

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1788597A (en) * 1928-03-19 1931-01-13 Ernest L Schultz Broken-circuit indicator
US2719288A (en) * 1953-06-11 1955-09-27 Eastman Kodak Co Circuit failure detecting device
US2982881A (en) * 1958-05-22 1961-05-02 Robert W Reich Portable light source
US2966614A (en) * 1958-08-27 1960-12-27 Movado Montres Indicating device for electronic countering circuits
US2897405A (en) * 1958-10-01 1959-07-28 Rca Corp Control circuits for luminous display devices

Cited By (13)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3532928A (en) * 1967-05-10 1970-10-06 Roger F West Light-failure warning system with oppositely wound transformer and scr logic circuit
US3550105A (en) * 1967-08-08 1970-12-22 Warwick Electronics Inc Battery condition indicator
US3624629A (en) * 1968-10-30 1971-11-30 Charles A Donaldson Warning system for warning of defective headlights, taillights and the like on motor vehicles, aircraft, marine craft and the like
US3641545A (en) * 1968-12-09 1972-02-08 Copal Co Ltd Device for indicating interrupted electric service
US4042908A (en) * 1969-03-28 1977-08-16 Koito Seisakusho Co., Ltd. Apparatus for safety and detection of illuminating circuit
US3626248A (en) * 1970-02-06 1971-12-07 Struthers Dunn Contact monitoring system
US3719937A (en) * 1971-02-11 1973-03-06 Master Specialties Co Failure detection circuit
US3962676A (en) * 1972-08-04 1976-06-08 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Control system for ohmic loads, preferably signal lamps in a road traffic system
US4004291A (en) * 1973-03-28 1977-01-18 Trapark I Kiruna Aktiebolag Electric signal transmitter, preferably for alarm system
US4348613A (en) * 1980-10-01 1982-09-07 Chrysler Corporation Lamp failure indicating circuit
FR2506110A1 (fr) * 1981-05-14 1982-11-19 Serres Bernard Dispositif a memoire pour controle d'eclairage
EP0067089A1 (fr) * 1981-05-14 1982-12-15 Guy Cosse Dispositif à mémoire pour contrôle d'éclairage
CN110570622A (zh) * 2019-09-10 2019-12-13 江苏创宇电器设备有限公司 一种红外二极管感应报警电路

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
AT243107B (de) 1965-10-25
DE1186760B (de) 1965-02-04
NL6403154A (en, 2012) 1964-09-28
CH443975A (de) 1967-09-15
JPS4624312B1 (en, 2012) 1971-07-12
BE645609A (en, 2012) 1964-07-16

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