US3309787A - Grate coolers - Google Patents

Grate coolers Download PDF

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Publication number
US3309787A
US3309787A US355745A US35574564A US3309787A US 3309787 A US3309787 A US 3309787A US 355745 A US355745 A US 355745A US 35574564 A US35574564 A US 35574564A US 3309787 A US3309787 A US 3309787A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
grate
scraper
housing
clinker
carried
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US355745A
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English (en)
Inventor
Forsyth George Howard
Taylor Joseph Hendrick
Graut Andrew Campbell
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Vinters Armstrongs Ltd
Vinters Armstrongs Engineers Ltd
Original Assignee
Vickers Armstrongs Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Vickers Armstrongs Ltd filed Critical Vickers Armstrongs Ltd
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US3309787A publication Critical patent/US3309787A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
    • F27D15/00—Handling or treating discharged material; Supports or receiving chambers therefor
    • F27D15/02—Cooling
    • F27D15/0206—Cooling with means to convey the charge
    • F27D15/0273—Cooling with means to convey the charge on a rotary hearth
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28C—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT WITHOUT CHEMICAL INTERACTION
    • F28C3/00—Other direct-contact heat-exchange apparatus
    • F28C3/10—Other direct-contact heat-exchange apparatus one heat-exchange medium at least being a fluent solid, e.g. a particulate material
    • F28C3/12—Other direct-contact heat-exchange apparatus one heat-exchange medium at least being a fluent solid, e.g. a particulate material the heat-exchange medium being a particulate material and a gas, vapour, or liquid
    • F28C3/16—Other direct-contact heat-exchange apparatus one heat-exchange medium at least being a fluent solid, e.g. a particulate material the heat-exchange medium being a particulate material and a gas, vapour, or liquid the particulate material forming a bed, e.g. fluidised, on vibratory sieves

Definitions

  • a heat exchanger having a rotatable grate for supporing material in a granular or nodular form, and a scraper arranged above the grate for removing from the grate material supported by the grate, the arrangement being such that in use material is deposited on the rotating grate and gases are passed through the grate and the material whereby heat exchange occurs between the material and the gases while the material supported by the grate is being carried to the scraper by the rotating grate.
  • FIGURE 1 is a vertical cross section of a neat exchanger
  • FIGURE 2 is a section on the line II-II of FIG- URE 1,
  • FIGURE 3 is a section on the line IIIIII of FIG- URE 1,
  • FIGURE 4 is a vertical section taken on the line IV IV of FIGURE 2,
  • FIGURE 5 is a section taken on the line V-V of FIGURE 2,
  • FIGURE 6 is a view similar to FIGURE 1 of a modified version of the heat exchanger
  • FIGURE 7 is a section taken on the line VII-VII of FIGURE 6,
  • FIGURE 8 is a section taken on the line VIIIVIII of FIGURE 6, and
  • FIGURE 9 is a section taken on the line IXIX of FIGURE 7.
  • the heat exchanger illustrated is intended for securing heat exchange between hot cement clinker and cooling gases and includes a rotatable annular grate 1 composed of inner and outer rings of firebars 4 and 5 which are supported by inner and outer drums 2 and 3 respectively, and on a rib 42.
  • a supporting and driving member 6 Secured to the drum ⁇ externally thereof is a supporting and driving member 6, the memher 6 including on the under surface thereof a toothed gear ring 7 and a roller track 8.
  • the gear ring 7 and the track 8 are best seen in FIGURE 5.
  • the teeth of the ring 7 mesh with the teeth of the gear wheel 9 (FIGURE 5) which is driven by a motor 10 via gearing 11 and a flexible coupling 12.
  • a number of rollers 13 (FIGURE 1) are rotatably supported in journals 14 (see also FIGURE 2) and co-operate with the track 8 to support the grated at equally spaced intervals around the circumference of the grate 1.
  • the inner and outer drums 2 and 3 are connected to one another by a series of radial baffles 15 which divide the space beneath the grate 1 into a plurality of sections 16.
  • Each section 16 is connector by Way of an aperture 17 in the outer drum 3 to an annular chamber 18 formed between the outer drum 3 and an outer casing 19 of the exchanger.
  • the casing 19 supports the journals 14.
  • a bathe (not shown) is arranged at a location which is approximately diametrically opposed to the duct 23 and which serves to minimise gas flow circumferentially of the grate above the grate. Further oircumferentially spaced balfies may be provided for the same purpose if desired.
  • the rotatable grate 1 and the parts secured thereto are disposed within an annular space formed between the casing 19 and an inner casing 29.
  • the casings l9 and 20 are lined with fire resistant bricks 21 and the bricks 21 are themselves protected from mechanical damage by wear plates 22.
  • the wear plates 22 terminate at a level which is just above the upper surface of the bars 4 and 5.
  • a firebrick lined, vertical shaft 23 forms an inlet duct for the hot clinker and an exhaust duct for gases.
  • the upper part of duct 23 is connected to a rotary kiln (not shown).
  • the overhanging part of the duct 23 (FIG- URE 1) is supported by columns 23A.
  • a fixed scraper 24 (see FIGURE 4) is sandwiched between the wear plates 22 and the firebrick wall 25 (FIGURE 2).
  • the lower edge of the scraper 24 is above the upper surface of the grate 1.
  • the scraper 24 extends outwardly beyond the drum 3, there being a chute 26 (FIGURE 4) outside the drum 4 and beneath the blade 24.
  • the chute 26 slopes downwardly from the blade 24 towards a screen 27.
  • a rotary hammer or breaker 28 is mounted above the screen 27 and serves to throw large pieces of cement clinker upwardly against impact plate 29 to break these large pieces of clinker.
  • Hanging chains 30 limit the distance to which the hammer 28 can throw the clinker. Beneath the screen 27 there is a clinker discharge opening 31 which leads to a conveyor (not shown).
  • the grate 1 also carries scrapers 32, the scrapers 32 being so arranged beneath the grate 1 that they reach almost to the surface of the foundation 33 of the exchanger.
  • each scraper 32 includes two members arranged at an angle to one another, the region at which the two members are joined together being at the same distance from the axis of the exchanger as an opening 34 provided in the foundation 33 and which communicates with the opening 31.
  • a grid 35 covers the opening 34 to prevent pieces of broken firebar entering the opening 34.
  • Two circumferentially spaced air inlet ducts 36 and 37 (FIGURE 3) for feeding air to the underside of the grate 1 (FIGURE 2) lead through the casing 19 and communicate with the annular chamber 18.
  • The. chamber 18 is itself divided into two arcuate compartments 18A and 1813 by means of flaps 33A and 38B and baffles 39. Each compartment 18A and 183 communicates with several of the sections 16.
  • the flap 38A is urged against the drum 3 by the pressure prevailing in the compartment 18A and the flap 38B is spring urged towards the drum 3 against the pressure prevailing in the compartment 18A.
  • Both flaps 38A and 38B are pivotably mounted on the casing 19 and as will be described hereinafter the pressure in the compartment 18A exceeds that in the compartment 183.
  • a vertical duct 49 extends upwardly from the space above the grate 1 and serves as an outlet for gases.
  • the flaps 38A, 38B and the bafiles 39 and the batiles substantially prevent the primary air from flowing circumferentially, the air being mainly confined to a 120 section of the grate 1.
  • secondary cooling air at a lower pressure than the primary air supplied to the duct 36 is supplied to the duct 37. This secondary air passes to the underside of the firebars 4 and 5' and subsequently passes up through the firebars 4 and 5 and the bed of clinker thereon to be exhausted mainly through the duct 4-0, but also partially through the shaft 23.
  • the clinker is carried through almost 360 by the grate 1 and is then scraped by the scraper 24 from the upper surface of the firebars 4 and 5, the clinker being directed onto the chute 26.
  • Some clinker is carried under the scraper 24 which leaves about 1 inch of clinker on the grate 1, this layer of clinker serving to protect the firebars from mechanical damage and from damage due to overheating.
  • the cooled clinker slides from the chute 26 onto the screen 27 and particles which are sufficiently small pass through the screen 27 and fall down the opening 31.
  • the pieces of clinker which fail to pass through the screen 27 are hurled upwardly by the rotary hammer 28 and strike the plates 29 so that these larger pieces of clinker are broken and eventually become small enough to pass through the screen 27.
  • Clinker which falls through the firebars 4 and 5 is entrained by the scrapers 32 and carried along by the scrapers until the scrapers 32 reach the opening 35 whereupon the clinker is discharged down the opening 35 and is fed along with clinker falling down the opening 31 to the conveyor.
  • the air discharged through the duct 40 may all be recirculated to the duct 36 or part of this air may be recirculated.
  • the cooling air is supplied via the duct 36 and passes upwardly through the section of the grate 1 which is connected with the compartment 18B. This air is then extracted via the duct 40 and all or part of this air reintroduced to the underside of the grate via the duct 37.
  • Such recirculated air passes upwardly through the section of the grate 1 connected with compartment 18A. After passing through the grate a second time the air is fed through duct 23 and into the kiln.
  • the configuration of the firebars 4 and 5 is such that only a small area of each firebar is exposed to the hot material whereas a relatively large area of the firebar is exposed to the cooling medium.
  • firebars 4 and 5 may be replaced by, or used in conjunction with, perforated plates and the grate 1 may be disc-like instead of annular.
  • the firebars are readily removable so that in the event that they become broken they can be replaced.
  • a heat exchanger comprising a housing, a rotatable annular grate mounted in said housing and constructed and arranged to support material in a granular or nodular form, a first scraper carried by said housing and arranged above and adjacent the grate for removing said material from the grate, means for passing gases through the grate and through the material thereon to effect heat exchange between the material and the gases while the material is being carried to the scraper by the rotating grate, portions of said housing defining an upwardly facing surface beneath said grate spaced from said grate for receiving material droppings from said grate, other portions of said housing defining an outlet opening in said surface, and a til second scraper carried by said grate and arranged beneath said grate and constructed and arranged to rotate with said grate adjacent said surface to displace said material droppings from said surface and into said outlet opening; a plurality of arcuately spaced generally radial baffles provided beneath the grate dividing the space beneath the grate into sections
  • said drum means comprises inner and outer rotatable drums supporting said grate, the outer drum being surrounded by a casing and the casing and the outer drum defining a chamber of annular form therebetween, said annular chamber being divided to form said compartments and the outer drum having apertures therein for placing said sections in communication with the compartments.
  • a heat exchanger according to claim 2 wherein said chamber is divided into compartments by flaps pivotally mounted on said casing and contacting said outer drum.
  • a heat exchanger comprising a housing, a rotatable annular grate mounted in said housing and constructed and arranged to support material in a granular or nodular form, a first scraper carried by said housing and arranged above and adjacent the grate for removing said material from the grate, means for passing gases through the grate and through the material thereon to effect heat exchange between the material and the gases while the material is being carried to the scraper by the rotating grate, portions of said housing defining an upwardly facing surface beneath said grate spaced from said grate for receiving material droppings from said grate, other portions of said housing defining an outlet opening in said surface, and a second scraper carried by said grate and arranged beneath said grate and constructed and arranged to rotate with said grate adjacent said surface to displace said material droppings from said surface and into said outlet opening; bafile means provided above the grate and dividing the space above the grate into sections for inhibiting flow of gases circun'iferentially of the

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Furnace Details (AREA)
  • Muffle Furnaces And Rotary Kilns (AREA)
  • Curing Cements, Concrete, And Artificial Stone (AREA)
US355745A 1963-04-03 1964-03-30 Grate coolers Expired - Lifetime US3309787A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB13287/63A GB1039761A (en) 1963-04-03 1963-04-03 Improvements in or relating to heat exchangers

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3309787A true US3309787A (en) 1967-03-21

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US355745A Expired - Lifetime US3309787A (en) 1963-04-03 1964-03-30 Grate coolers

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US (1) US3309787A (da)
DK (1) DK108387C (da)
GB (1) GB1039761A (da)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3630353A (en) * 1968-03-30 1971-12-28 Dravo Corp Method for separation of fines from hot broken sinter
CN112595127A (zh) * 2020-12-18 2021-04-02 重庆岩昱节能科技有限公司 电石冶炼用余热回收吸热组件

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1548292A (en) * 1922-08-18 1925-08-04 Wedge Utley Furnace
US1989662A (en) * 1933-01-10 1935-02-05 Traylor Engineering And Mfg Co Bowl cooler
GB506260A (en) * 1937-11-20 1939-05-22 Leonard Harding Dryer for the preservation of grass and other fodder crops
US2891321A (en) * 1956-07-07 1959-06-23 Dessau Zementanlagenbau Veb Apparatus for cooling cement clinkers
US3168384A (en) * 1962-02-02 1965-02-02 Kaiser Steel Corp Material cooling apparatus

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1548292A (en) * 1922-08-18 1925-08-04 Wedge Utley Furnace
US1989662A (en) * 1933-01-10 1935-02-05 Traylor Engineering And Mfg Co Bowl cooler
GB506260A (en) * 1937-11-20 1939-05-22 Leonard Harding Dryer for the preservation of grass and other fodder crops
US2891321A (en) * 1956-07-07 1959-06-23 Dessau Zementanlagenbau Veb Apparatus for cooling cement clinkers
US3168384A (en) * 1962-02-02 1965-02-02 Kaiser Steel Corp Material cooling apparatus

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3630353A (en) * 1968-03-30 1971-12-28 Dravo Corp Method for separation of fines from hot broken sinter
CN112595127A (zh) * 2020-12-18 2021-04-02 重庆岩昱节能科技有限公司 电石冶炼用余热回收吸热组件
CN112595127B (zh) * 2020-12-18 2023-04-07 重庆岩昱节能科技有限公司 电石冶炼用余热回收吸热组件

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
GB1039761A (en) 1966-08-24
DK108387C (da) 1967-11-27

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