US3300151A - Vortex grinding mill - Google Patents

Vortex grinding mill Download PDF

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US3300151A
US3300151A US336771A US33677164A US3300151A US 3300151 A US3300151 A US 3300151A US 336771 A US336771 A US 336771A US 33677164 A US33677164 A US 33677164A US 3300151 A US3300151 A US 3300151A
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Prior art keywords
mill
table member
members
grinding
discharge
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US336771A
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English (en)
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Zifferer Lothar Robert
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Individual
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Individual
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Priority to US336771A priority Critical patent/US3300151A/en
Priority to GB821/65A priority patent/GB1048792A/en
Priority to FR1225A priority patent/FR1421801A/fr
Priority to DEZ11260A priority patent/DE1288888B/de
Priority to US582058A priority patent/US3428259A/en
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
    • B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
    • B02C13/00—Disintegrating by mills having rotary beater elements ; Hammer mills
    • B02C13/14—Disintegrating by mills having rotary beater elements ; Hammer mills with vertical rotor shaft, e.g. combined with sifting devices
    • B02C13/18—Disintegrating by mills having rotary beater elements ; Hammer mills with vertical rotor shaft, e.g. combined with sifting devices with beaters rigidly connected to the rotor
    • B02C13/1807—Disintegrating by mills having rotary beater elements ; Hammer mills with vertical rotor shaft, e.g. combined with sifting devices with beaters rigidly connected to the rotor the material to be crushed being thrown against an anvil or impact plate
    • B02C13/1814—Disintegrating by mills having rotary beater elements ; Hammer mills with vertical rotor shaft, e.g. combined with sifting devices with beaters rigidly connected to the rotor the material to be crushed being thrown against an anvil or impact plate by means of beater or impeller elements fixed on top of a disc type rotor
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
    • B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
    • B02C13/00—Disintegrating by mills having rotary beater elements ; Hammer mills
    • B02C13/14—Disintegrating by mills having rotary beater elements ; Hammer mills with vertical rotor shaft, e.g. combined with sifting devices
    • B02C13/18—Disintegrating by mills having rotary beater elements ; Hammer mills with vertical rotor shaft, e.g. combined with sifting devices with beaters rigidly connected to the rotor
    • B02C13/1807—Disintegrating by mills having rotary beater elements ; Hammer mills with vertical rotor shaft, e.g. combined with sifting devices with beaters rigidly connected to the rotor the material to be crushed being thrown against an anvil or impact plate
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
    • B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
    • B02C19/00—Other disintegrating devices or methods
    • B02C19/0012—Devices for disintegrating materials by collision of these materials against a breaking surface or breaking body and/or by friction between the material particles (also for grain)
    • B02C19/005—Devices for disintegrating materials by collision of these materials against a breaking surface or breaking body and/or by friction between the material particles (also for grain) the materials to be pulverised being disintegrated by collision of, or friction between, the material particles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
    • B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
    • B02C13/00—Disintegrating by mills having rotary beater elements ; Hammer mills
    • B02C13/14—Disintegrating by mills having rotary beater elements ; Hammer mills with vertical rotor shaft, e.g. combined with sifting devices
    • B02C13/18—Disintegrating by mills having rotary beater elements ; Hammer mills with vertical rotor shaft, e.g. combined with sifting devices with beaters rigidly connected to the rotor
    • B02C13/1807—Disintegrating by mills having rotary beater elements ; Hammer mills with vertical rotor shaft, e.g. combined with sifting devices with beaters rigidly connected to the rotor the material to be crushed being thrown against an anvil or impact plate
    • B02C2013/1885—Disintegrating by mills having rotary beater elements ; Hammer mills with vertical rotor shaft, e.g. combined with sifting devices with beaters rigidly connected to the rotor the material to be crushed being thrown against an anvil or impact plate of dead bed type

Definitions

  • This invention pertains to an apparatus for pulverizing friable and preferably mineral material.
  • Another object of the invention is to provide an apparatus for pulverizing such friable, mineral material by causing a continuously fed mass of the same to be rotated in a substantially horizontal plane about a vertical axis, producing a semi-static layer of the material adjacent the periphery thereof, causing an abrupt directional change in the movement of a portion of said material to cause the same to move substantially perpendicularly to the rotating motion of still another portion of said material passing beneath said perpendicularly moving material, whereby the differences in velocity of said portions of the material, especially while moving in different directions, causes an intense grinding action between said masses of material with a minimum of abrasion being sustained by the mill.
  • a further object of the invention is to provide several embodiments of mills capable of pulverizing friable mineral material, one of said embodiments especially being adapted to produce efficiently and with a minimum consumption of power and time a relatively fine, powdertype size range of product material from raw material of various larger size ranges, while another embodiment especially is adapted to produce gravel-type material of intermediate size ranges having a maximum desired size limit.
  • Still another object of the invention is to provide mills of the aforementioned type with a preferably circular table member rotatable around a substantially vertical axis adjacent the lower edge of a circular peripheral wall arrangement to confine material Within the mill, in combination with radially extending barrier plates spaced a predetermined distance above the surface of the table member and extending inward from the wall means, whereby as the table member revolves a certain mass of material fed thereto and moved thereby in a substantially circular path abruptly encounters said barrier plates and the direction of movement thereof is changed abruptly to form a vortex generating substantial internal pressure causing crushing and grinding of the material in the vortex mass and with a layer moved therebeneath by said table member, while additional material masses are thrown by radial acceleration against a semi-static layer of the material adjacent the inner surface of the circular wall means to produce substantial impact between said radially accelerated material and the semi-static layer thereof to effect further reduction in size of the material, all masses of material within the mill constantly being moved at different velocities of wide differences and in different
  • One other object of the invention ancillary to the immediate foregoing object is to cause the various components of the several embodiments of mills to so handle the moving material that the various portions or masses of the entire body of material within the mill which move at the highest velocities or are subjected to the greatest impact are those which move relative to or are projected against semi-static layers of material covering surfaces within the mill, whereby said mill surfaces are subjected to a minimum amount of abrasive action and wear.
  • One further object of the invention is to provide means by which the circular peripheral wall means of the mill may be adjusted vertically to dispose the lower edge thereof at different desired heights, depending upon the size range of product desired, relative to the periphery of the rotating table member and thereby vary the discharge space therebetween through which pulverized material passes either in desired product size or for re-cycling to the interior of the mill for further reduction in size.
  • Still another object of the invention is to provide substantially radial impeller means carried by the upper surface of the table member to insure rotatable movement of at least a layer of the material within the mill to insure radial acceleration of certain portions of the material against the circular wall means of the mill, as well as to effect movement of said layer material beneath the vortex mass of material caused by the radial barrier plates referred to above to produce grinding engagement therewith.
  • One further object of the invention is to provide on the inner surface of the circular wall means a plurality of circumferentially spaced, substantially vertical imped ing members which preferably are bar-like and abrasionresistant and arranged to facilitate the formation of a semi-static layer of the material adjacent the inner surface of the circular wall means, as described above.
  • Still another object of the invention is to provide various embodiments of discharge means from the several embodiments of the mills, some of these providing for recirculation of the material for further reduction in size, certain other discharge means employing vacuum to remove powder size ranges of material capable of being air-borne, and still another embodiment of discharge means operating by gravity to receive material, particularly gravel or intermediate size ranges of material, which is discharged from the annular space between the lower edge of the circular wall means and the periphery of the table member.
  • One additional object of the invention is to provide several embodiments of power means respectively applicable to the difierent embodiments of mills, one embodiment of power means being disposed below the rotatable table member, and this embodiment preferably employing means to induce air currents to sweep the bearings for the depending shaft which supports the rotatable table member and thereby minimize abrasion and consequent wear upon the bearings, while another embodiment of power means is mounted above the rotatable table and circular wall means so as to minimize interference with gravity discharge of material from the periphery of the table as it passes beneath the lower edge of the circular wall means and falls by gravity for guiding to suitable exit means.
  • FIG. 1 is a side elevation of one embodiment of mill employing the principles of the invention and illustrating a substantially complete mill system.
  • FIG. 2 is a top plan view of the mill system shown in FIG. 1.
  • FIG. 3 is a top plan view of the mill unit per se of the system shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 with the top of the mill removed to illustrate certain details of elements contained within the mill, the scale of this figure being larger than employed in FIGS. 1 and 2.
  • FIG. 4 is a vertical sectional view of the mill unit per se shown in FIG. 3, as seen on the line 44 of FIG. 3.
  • FIG. 5 is a fragmentary perspective view showing an exemplary arrangement of the material within the mill and illustrating, by appropriate directional arrows, the general path of movement of at least certain portions of the material during the grinding thereof within the mill, and particularly the action afforded by the vertical barrier plates which cause a change in direction in the movement of certain portions of the material in the mill.
  • FIG. 6 is a perspective view of an exemplary radial impeller member of which a plurality are carried by the upper surface of the rotatable table member of the mill, as shown in FIGS. 3 and 4.
  • FIG. 7 is a fragmentary vertical sectional elevation of one side of the mill unit and illustrating the adjustability of the lower edge of the circular wall means relative to a fragmentarily illustrated peripheral portion of the rotatable table member.
  • FIG. 8 is a view similar to FIG. 7, but showing another embodiment of construction adjacent the annular discharge space between the lower edge of the circular wall means and the periphery of the rotatable table member, this embodiment especially being adapted for resistance to abrasion by material passing through said space.
  • FIG. 9 is a fragmentary top plan view of another embodiment of the general type of mill shown in FIGS. 1-7 and illustrating means by which a relatively fluid seal may be maintained between the circular wall means and the periphery of the rotatable table member.
  • FIG. 10 is a fragmentary vertical sectional view, as seen on the line 10-10 of FIG. 9.
  • FIG. 11 is a vertical sectional view of another embodiment of mill system employing some of the principles of the system shown in FIGS. 1-7, but otherwise being provided with an overhead drive to permit discharge of product material through the annular discharge space between the circular wall means and rotatable table member and from which the material falls by gravity into appropriate discharge means with a minimum of interference by the mechanism for rotating the table member.
  • FIG. 12 is a sectional plan view of the mill system shown in FIG. 11, as seen on the line 1212 of FIG. 11.
  • FIG. 13 is a fragmentary transverse sectional view showing details of the mechanism, as viewed on the line 13-13 of FIG. 11.
  • FIG. 14 is a fragmentary vertical sectional view of details of the construction shown in FIG. 13, as seen on the line 1414- of FIG. 13.
  • FIG. 15 is a somewhat schematic vertical sectional view of still another embodiment of mill having multiple units therein of the eneral type shown in FIGS. l114.
  • FIG. 16 is a fragmentary perspective view showing a detail of one of the mill units shown in FIG. 15.
  • the entire mill system comprises a mill unit 10 per se which is operated perferably by an electric motor 12 of suitable horse-power rating.
  • Material to be pulverized is introduced through inlet means 14 and relatively fine size range product material, which is capable of being air-borne, is removed through discharge conduit 16, by suction induced by blower means within a suitable, diagramatically illustrated air classifier 20.
  • FIGS. 1 and 2 primarily is exemplary for purposes of showing one form of mill system arrangement capable of performing the various process operations comprising part of the present invention. While a suitable overall system is essential to the successful operation of the mill 10, the present invention, nevertheless, primarily concerns details and principles of the mill 10, per se, which will now be described.
  • the mill 10 comprises an outer casing 26, which preferably is formed from sheet steel of suitable gauge and is supported by appropriate frame means 28 depending from the casing 26, as shown in FIG. 1.
  • outer casing 26 which preferably is formed from sheet steel of suitable gauge and is supported by appropriate frame means 28 depending from the casing 26, as shown in FIG. 1.
  • Such simple construction contributes to the relatively low cost of the mill, as compared with existing types of mills intended to perform similar operations, but which are very substantially larger in size, and correspondingly more expensive in cost, such as rod mills, ball mills, and the like.
  • the overall weight of the present mill, as well as its size, likewise is much lower than these corresponding characteristics of existing mills having no greater production capacity, especially on a time basis, than the present mill comprising the invention.
  • the mill illustrated in FIGS. 1-7 primarily is for purposes of making product material of very fine size ranges, generally of powder-like consistency, from relatively coarse, raw, friable material, generally of a mineral nature, though not restricted thereto, of a type normally produced, for example, by a primary crushing operation, such as in jaw crushers, and the like.
  • raw material up to 3 size is handled readily by mills of the type illustrated in said figures.
  • Such material may be fed continuously by conveyor or other suitable means into the inlet 14 of the mill, such delivery means not being illustrated specifically in order to simplify illustration.
  • a preferably cylindrical, stationary shell 30, which may be made of similar sheet steel, such as that which forms casing 26. Such shell is secured suitably to the casing 26.
  • the shell 39 preferably extends about the central vertical axis of the mill, but is not coextensive in vertical dimension with the casing 26 because the primary function of shell 30 is to confine at least some of the material discharged from the mill interior, as is described in detail hereinafter.
  • Extending across the lower end of stationary shell 30 is a bottom plate 32 having a central opening 34 therein of substantial size through which a vertical drive shaft 36 extends from suitable bearing means 38.
  • top of casing 26 is closed by a cover plate 40, only a fragmentary portion of which is shown in FIG. 3, the cover otherwise being shown in FIG. 2.
  • Appropriate clamping brackets 42 are mounted adjacent each corner of the casing 26, for example, and by means of suitable bolts 44 threaded through brackets 42 into engagement with the top 40, the top may be secured in relatively airtight condition over the upper end of casing 26.
  • a circular wall means preferably comprising an upper circular wall member 46 with which is slidably associated, in overlapping relationship, a lower, vertically adjustable circular wall member 48.
  • the upper member 46 is fixed by any suitable means, such as by bracket means 50, see FIG. 4, to which member 46 is welded, for example.
  • the wall members 46 and 48 preferably are formed from sheet steel of relatively heavy gauge.
  • a circular table member 52 Supported by the upper end of drive shaft 36 is a circular table member 52, which is driven by shaft 36, to which it is suitably clamped by hub 54, see FIG.- 4.
  • Driving of shaft 36 by motor 12 is accomplished by any suitable means, such as the exemplary multiple sheaves 56 and 58 respectively carried by the drive shafts of motor 12 and the lower end of shaft 36, such sheaves being connected by multiple flexible belts 60.
  • the sheaves 56 and 58 are of a selected diameter so as to aiford suitable speed reduction between motor 12 and the operational speed desired for table member 52.
  • impeller members 62 Suitably secured to the upper surface of table member 52 are a plurality of radially extending impeller members 62, one preferred specific example of which is illustrated in detail in FIG. 6. From this figure, it will be seen that the members are elongated and the opposite side surfaces thereof both preferably slope downwardly and inwardly so as to resemble a dovetailed configuration in crosssection, as shown at the end of said members in FIG. 6, as well as in FIG. 4.
  • the members 62 preferably are formed from abrasionresistant material, such as certain suitable metallic alloys normally employed in various types of mills.
  • Relatively simple connecting means are employed, such as a series of three bolt holes which are cast or otherwise formed in the members 62, the central hole 64 preferably being circular in cross-section, while the end holes 66 preferably are somewhat elongated to provide for variations in the formation of the members 62, especially by a casting or molding process.
  • the upper ends of the holes 64 and 66 preferably are chamferred so as to receive bevel headed connecting bolts of suitable size, which extend through appropriate holes in the table member 52.
  • the line of holes 66 in the members 62 is diagonal relative to opposite corners of the members 62, whereby, if the leading surface and edge of the members 62, in the direction of rotation of the table 52, as indicated by the arrow in FIG. 3, becomes worn, the members 62 readily may be reversed by rotating them about the axis of hole 64 180 and then re-connecting the members to the table member 52.
  • the impeller members 62 are spaced at the opposite ends thereof respectively from the periphery of table member 52 and the central axis of said table member.
  • the members 68 Arranged around the inner surface of the composite circular wall means comprising members 46 and 48 is a plurality of, preferably circumferentially evenly spaced, material impeding members 68.
  • the members 68 preferably are formed from abrasion-resistant material similar to that from which the impeller members 62 are formed, for example.
  • the impeding members 68 preferably are disposed vertically, parallel to each other and also to the axis of the mill. Intermediately of the ends thereof, they are provided with a slot 70 of limited length to receive a clamping bolt 72, which also extends through a suitable opening in the upper circular wall member 46, as best shown in FIG. 7.
  • the impeding members 68 There are two primary functions served by the impeding members 68. The principal one of these is to impede or retard the movement circularly of a layer of material being ground which accumulates between the members 68 and against the inner surfaces of the wall members 46 and 48, details of which are described more extensively hereinafter.
  • the second function is to serve as clamping means for the vertically adjustable lower wall member 48. From FIG. 7 particularly, it will be seen that the upper portion of the lower wall member 48 is clamped between the lower portion of the upper wall member 46 and the inner surfaces of the impeding members 68. Such clamping of the lower wall member 48 is accomplished after the lower edge thereof is disposed a desired distance above the upper peripheral surface 74 of table member 52, to provide an annular discharge space 76. Clamping of lower wall member 48 in adjusted position also is facilitated by the employment of small spacing members 78 disposed between the upper end of members 68 and the inner surface of upper wall member 46, but such spacing means are not absolutely essential to eifect satisfactory clamping.
  • a very important aspect of the present invention comprises the provision of radially and vertically extending barrier plates 80, which are disposed within the confines of the circular wall means 46, 48.
  • a pair of diametrically opposed barrier plates 80 is illustrated, but it is to be understood that the invention is not to be restricted to a use of any specific number of such lates.
  • whatever number of such plates is selected for operation should be disposed in circumferentially evenly spaced relationship to each other. As a result of this, as well as other structural features of the mill, it operates substantially without vibration, whereby no abnormal floor preparation or construction is required other than to be adequate to support the weight of the mill and contents.
  • the barrier plates 80 extend substantially from the inner surfaces of the circular wall means 46, 48, radially toward the axis of the mill, but spaced from said axis an appreciable distance, for purposes to be described hereinafter. Any suitable means may be used to support the plates 80, but it is preferred that the same be supported adjacent the upper ends thereof, whereby the plates 80 extend downwardly for preferably adjustable positioning of the lower edges thereof a desired distance above the upper surfaces of impeller members 62.
  • the specifically illustrated supporting means for the plates 80 in the exemplary illustrateations of FIGS. 35 comprise a pair of opposed channel members 82 which extend diametrically across the upper end of the casing 26 and above the upper edge of upper wall 46.
  • the ends of the supporting channel members 82 have welded or otherwise suitably affixed thereto appropriate connecting plates 84, which are securely bolted to the upper ends of vertical supporting members 86, which are suitably secured, for example, to the exterior surfaces of opposite sides of the outer casing 26.
  • the inner, opposed faces of the supporting channel members 82 are spaced sufiiciently to receive therebetween the barrier plates 80.
  • Said plates are provided in the upper portions thereof with vertical slots 88 of limited length for receiving therethrough clamping bolts 90, which extend through appropriately aligned holes in the channel members 82, as best illustrated in FIGS. 3 and 4.
  • the plates 80 are adjusted suitably with respect to the table member 52 and impeller members 62 thereon so as to provide maximum efficiency in reducing the material to the desired size range, after which it is discharged from the mill by one of several means, depending upon whether the material is of very fine size ranges and powder-like, or of coarser, so-called gravel size of the order of A3 and larger, for example.
  • FIG. 4 In regard to the specific arrangement of a pair of diametrically opposed barrier plates 80, it will be seen from FIG. 4 particularly that the right-hand plate 80 is positioned with its lower edge adjusted a greater distance above the upper surface of impeller members 62 than the lower edge of the left-hand plate 80. This is due to the position of the inlet means 14 with respect to the two plates 80.
  • FIG. 3 for example, wherein the inlet means 14 has been illustrated diagrammatically by a broken circle, and with regard to the direction of rotation of table member 52, as indicated by the arrows shown in FIG. 3, the newly introduced material will first contact the right-hand plate 80.
  • Such difference in spacing is determined usually by inspection after operating the mill for a short period of time, especially if a different type of material is to be ground than that for which the mill was previously set, for example, or in the event the production rate is to be increased or decreased. Also, after a certain amount of experience of operating the mill, a skilled attendant frequently acquires working knowledge with respect to the desired settings of the plates 80 with respect to table 52 so as to produce maximum efficiency relative to operating the mill.
  • the table member 52 is spaced a limited distance above the bottom plate 32 of the stationary shell 30.
  • the lower surface of table member 52 preferably is provided with a plurality of radially extending, substantially vertical vanes 92, which, as the table member is rotated by the drive shaft 36, will induce an air current to be drawn through air inlet 94, sweeping upwardly past the bearing means 38 and through the central opening 34, discharging upwardly through the cylindrical space 96 between the shell 30 and the circular wall means 46, 48.
  • cover plate 40 actually may comprise a pair of similar cover members respectively extending from the channel members 82 outwardly to the sides of outer casing 26, it will be seen particularly from FIG. 4 that said cover plates will close the top of the cylindrical space 96.
  • one or more air discharge members 98 see FIGS. 4 and 5, may be employed to extend through the upper wall member 46 and into the interior of the mill so as to reintroduce to the mill any powdered material which may otherwise tend to accumulate upon the bearing means 38 and possibly impair the life and operation thereof.
  • a material discharge conduit 100 Extending tangentially from the lower portion of the outer casing 26 is a material discharge conduit 100, the opening of which will be somewhat elliptical in shape, as viewed in FIG. 4.
  • the outer end of the conduit 100 communicates with the lower portion of an elevator unit 102, as shown in FIG. 4, and the upper portion of the elevator is provided with a return conduit 104, which communicates appropriately with the upper portion of the interior of the mill as defined by the circular wall means 46, 48.
  • the elevator 102 may first be arranged to deliver material from discharge conduit 100 to a suitable separator or a classifier for purposes of separating useful product from coarses sizes which may require further processing, and then only the latter material will be returned through conduit 104 to the mill.
  • Table member 52 also is provided adjacent the periphery thereof with a plurality of preferably circumferentially evenly spaced impeller members 106, which sweep the periphery of the space between table 52 and bottom plate 32 to insure that any material exiting from the mill through the annular space 108 between the periphery of table member 52 and the lower edge of lower wall member 48 will be discharged into the conduit 100 for removal from the mill.
  • Mill to produce fine, powder-like product material While the general construction principles incorporated in the embodiment of mill shown in FIGS. 1-7 can be employed with equal facility to produce intermediate or gravel-type size ranges of product material, said embodiment nevertheless primarily is adapted and arranged to produce much finer size ranges of powder-like consistency and the operation of the mill to produce this type of material now will be described.
  • the annular space 76 has been arranged, through suitable adjustment of the lower edge of the lower circular wall member 43 with respect to the periphery of table member 52, to be of very small size.
  • motor 12 Upon activation of motor 12 through starter switch 110, for example, see FIG. 1, rotation of table member 52 is initiated.
  • Raw, friable material which is to be reduced in size by the mill unit 10 is fed to the exemplary inlet means 14 by any appropriate mechanism, such as conveyor or otherwise.
  • the falling material engages the rapidly rotating table member 52 and impeller members 62, which fling said material with very substantial radial acceleration against the impeding members 68 and into the spaces therebetween defined by the circuit or wall means 46, 48. Rapidly a layer of said material will be formed around the interior of the wall means 46, 4S, and additional material impelled thereagainst by the impeller members 62 will eifect a certain amount of rubbing and abrading with consequent reduction in size of the material, both in said layer as well as that which is impelled against said layer. Through gravity, and other forces, said layer, while semi-static at any given instant at which it is contacted by impelled material, nevertheless will gradually migrate and be replaced by additional material impelled thereagainst by the rotating table member 52.
  • Certain other portions of the mass of material within the mill will, at least momentarily, engage the upper surface of table member 52, especially between the impeller members 62, and be moved in a circular path thereby until at least part of such masses abruptly engage the stationary barrier plates 80, whereupon a rapidly moving and flowing vortex of the material is formed which exerts substantial grinding action, said material moving at least partially in a direction transverse to the direction of the material being moved in a circular path by table member 52, said material progressively being somewhat plowed or spilled from the outer edges of the barrier plates toward the space between the inner vertical edges thereof.
  • the layer of material carried by said table between the impeller members 62 will be only of limited thickness as it emerges from the lower edge of the barrier plates 80, thereby readily being subjected to radial acceleration against the circular Wall means 46, 48 and any layer of material of a semi-static nature disposed against said wall means.
  • the mass of material constantly being spilled thereonto from the vortex shown in FIG. 5 likewise will be subjected to such aforementioned radial acceleration against the semi-static layer of material on the wall means for crushing impact action, as well as certain of the portions of this mass being moved somewhat in a circular path until said portions contact the vortex occurring adjacent the next engaged barrier plate 80.
  • the milling effect described above very rapidly reduces raw, coarse material of various sizes to desired fine size ranges in accordance with the setting of the annular space 108.
  • the air currents indicated by arrows 114 which are delivered to the interior of the mill through conduit 24, will entrain such powdered material and remove the same, by suction, through discharge conduit 16 for delivery to any suitable portion of the mechanism, such as air classifier 20.
  • any suitable portion of the mechanism such as air classifier 20.
  • it is conceivable that certain sizes of material will be entrained in the air currents discharged through conduit 16, which are larger than those desired for the product.
  • separator 20 Any such excess sizes so entrained can be separated from the desired size ranges by the classifier 20.
  • One exemplary type of operation of separator 20 is to have the product of desired fine size discharged through air-lock type discharge 116, for example, onto an appropriate means, such as conveyor 118, for removal either to storage, suitable packaging, or further treatment, while oversize material exits through conduit 119 back to mill 10 for further reduction.
  • annular space 76 During the operation of the mill as described above, a certain amount of material, some of which may be larger than the desired product size ranges, will be discharged through the annular space 76 into the lower portion of cylindrical space 96. Such material rapidly is induced by the impelling action of revolving members 106 to be discharged through the tangential conduit for delivery to elevator 102, for example, and, from there, either to a suitable separator, not shown, for removal of desired product size ranges and return of the oversize to the mill, or the entire mass of discharge material, which is received by elevator 102, may be returned through conduit 104 to the interior of the mill for further processing. Also, it is possible to produce fine product material of powder consistency ranges without using suction discharge. Instead, the annular space 76 is adjusted to be quite small, whereby all of the product discharges therethrough and removal through conduit 100 occurs in the manner described above, with subsequent return of oversize to the mill for further reduction.
  • the production rate of the mill largely will be influenced by the hardness of the material being processed, the rate of production desired, and the power consumption cost desired to be maintained incident to operating the mill system, as well as possibly other factors.
  • operation results have shown that mills of the type illustrated in the drawings and described above, which are of far less size and cost than other mills, such as rod type and ball type mills of vastly larger sizes and greater costs, can compete very favorably in production rates and with greatly improved operational costs.
  • reduction of the material by the mills comprising the present invention and in accordance with the process which said mills are capable of performing requires a lower consumption of kilowatt hours per ton of material produced than by existing mills, especially of the rod and ball type.
  • the layer 122 may cover the entire upper surface of the table member 52, with the exception of the upper surfaces of impeller members 62.
  • the rubber layers 120 and 122 may be secured to their supporting members by any convenient means, such as bolting, clamping, cementing, or the like. Further, the lower edge of layer 120 preferably should be at least coextensive with the lower edge of wall member 48.
  • This embodiment of mill which is capable of and otherwise is arranged to produce powder-type material for removal by suction means 16 also may be provided with a fluid seal means with respect to the annular discharge space 76.
  • a fluid seal means with respect to the annular discharge space 76.
  • Said seal means essentially comprises a cylindrical skirt 124, which extends upwardly a predetermined distance and surrounds at least the lower portions of the circular wall means 46, 48, as shown in FIG. 10 particularly.
  • skirt 124 may be welded or otherwise secured to the periphery of table member 52, whereby an annular mass 126, which has been discharged through the space 76, will accumu late within the skirt, and, due to the powder nature of the material, it will effectively move slidably with respect to the lower edge of the lower circular wall member 48 and provide, in effect, a fluid seal between said wall and the rotating table member 52.
  • FIGS. 11-15 Another embodiment of mill system is illustrated in FIGS. 11-15, primarily designed for purposes of producing a gravel-type product which, for example, is of the order of approximately A3" in diameter and larger.
  • this size designation is not to be considered restrictive, but, rather, an indication of a size definitely larger than powder-type material and readily capable of the individual particles thereof being seen with the naked eye, even at a reasonable distance.
  • particles of material of this size are sometimes referred to as an intermediate size range.
  • this embodiment of mill contains, to a very large extent, the basic principles included in the embodiment illustrated in FIGS. 17. Basically, it is primarily in regard to the discharge of material from the mill and the driving mechanism for the table member that this additional embodiment differs from the embodiment shown in FIGS. 1-7. Accordingly, similar reference characters for similar elements will be used to identify the same components of this additional embodiment as in the preceding embodiment of FIGS. l7.
  • the mill comprises an outer casing 132, which has a removable, somewhat conical cover 134 connected to the upper edge thereof and extending thereacross, said cover being provided with an appropriate inlet means 14 through which raw, friable material is introduced to the interior of the mill from any suitable source, such as conveyor means, or the like.
  • the drive shaft 36 extends upwardly from table 52, although the lower end of the drive shaft extends through an appropriate bearing means 38, which is supported by a spider 136.
  • Said spider extends appropriately to and also is suitably connected to the sloping side walls of a discharge member 138 into which material exiting through the annular discharge space 76 falls by gravity for appropriate removal such as by means of a moving flexible belt 140, which is suitably supported beneath the lower, open end of the discharge member 138, or by any other appropriate means.
  • a plurality of supporting legs 142 spaced suitably around the periphery of the outer shell 132 and fixed thereto, maintain the mill unit per se in fixed relationship to a supporting surface, such as floor 144.
  • Appropriate construction elements such as steel channels, are highly suitable for purposes of serving as the legs 142.
  • an appropriate bracket frame 146 upon which the driving motor 148 is mounted and, through the expedient of multiple sheaves 150 and 152, respectively connected to the motor and drive shaft, the motor 148 rotates drive shaft 36 through the medium of a plurality of flexible belts 154.
  • the circular wall means comprising upper member 46 and lower member 48 are similarly supported by corresponding members as in the embodiment of FIGS. l7 and the lower member 43 is vertically adjustable for the same purposes as the lower wall member 48 of said preceding embodiment in order to suitably space the lower edge thereof from the peripheral upper surface of the rotatable table member 52.
  • the annular space 76 therebetween is adequate to permit discharge of the product material therethrough and thus actually control the size of product material so discharged therethrough.
  • the lower wall member 48 is adjusted with respect to the upper surface of the peripheral portion of table member 52 accordingly and is maintained in such adjusted position by being clamped by the impeding members 68 relative to the upper fixed wall member 46.
  • the material within the mill which has been reduced to a size which will pass through the annular space 76, exits therethrough and falls by gravity from the periphery of revolving table member 52 into the discharge member 138.
  • the larger sizes of material which are illustrated in exemplary manner in FIGS. 13 and 14, are retained within the mill until they have been reduced to the desired maximum size for discharge through the annular space 76 as controlled by the dimension of said space.
  • the present invention adapts itself readily to the provision of multiple grinding and pulverizing sections within a common shell, for example.
  • Such an exemplary arrangement is shown diagrammatically in vertical section in FIG. 15, the basic structure primarily resembling the essential components of the mill illustrated in FIG. 11. The primary difference is in the arrangement of three exemplary grinding sections. Said sections are superposed above each other within a common outer shell 132', which, obviously, will have to be higher than the shell 132 of the embodiment shown in FIGS. 11 and 12.
  • Each of the grinding sections essentially comprises a rotatable table member 52, all of which preferably are commonly fixed to a single drive shaft 36', driven by motor 148', through suitable multiple sheaves and flexible belts provided at the upper portion of the mill, as clearly shown in FIG. 15.
  • the lower end of the outer shell or casing 132 terminates in a conical discharge member 138 having an opening in the lower end thereof, for example, for suitable discharge such as onto a suitable diagrammatically illustrated conveyor belt 140'.
  • each of the rotatable table members 52 Associated with each of the rotatable table members 52 is circular wall means 46, 48, the lower wall member 48 being vertically movable relative to the stationary upper wall member 46.
  • the mill sections also include barrier plates 80, which likewise are illustrated diagrammatically in FIG. 15. Also, though not illustrated for purposes of preventing the figure from being unclear, it will be understood that each of the mill sections likewise includes the circumferentially spaced impeding members 68 extending around the interior of the circular wall means 46, 48.
  • the discharge spaces 76 are set to produce either powder-type material or gravel ranges, as desired.
  • raw material When raw material is introduced into the inlet means 14 of the outer casing 132, shown in FIG. 15, it will first be received by the uppermost mill section and impelled by table member 52 thereof as described relative to FIGS. 11-14.
  • the size of the product will be controlled by the setting of the annular discharge space 76, through which the product material will be discharged from the mill section.
  • the rate of feed of the raw material will be in excess of the capability of the uppermost mill unit to grind to completion. Therefore, the excess will accumulate more than normally, with respect to the mill of FIGS. 11-14, against the upper portions of barrier plates 80. This accumulation is relieved by providing discharge openings 160 in the upper portions of the upper wall members of each mill unit adjacent the upstream or leading surface of each barrier plate 80, of suitable size to permit adequate discharge to prevent undue overloading of each mill unit.
  • each discharge opening 160 Leading from each discharge opening 160 is a skewed conductor 162 extending downwardly and circumferentially forwardly for connection to an inlet opening 164 in the upper wall member 46 of the next lower mill unit adjacent the downstream. surface of each barrier plate thereof, there being ample space to discharge such overflow and incompletely ground material onto the table member 52 therein to cause impelling movement thereby of the nature described hereinabove.
  • the excess material from one mill unit is effectively, simply, and inexpensively discharged from one mill unit to the one below it, by gravity, while each mill unit performs its full share of grinding without being overburdened. Further such stacked arrangement of the mill affords maximum compactness, thereby conserving space.
  • inlet openings 164 in the lower wall members 48 will be such as to permit adequate vertical adjustment of such members to permit varying the product discharge openings 76 adjacent the periphery of table members 52 for the purposes described above.
  • the product material all drops by gravity from the discharge openings 76 of each mill unit within casing 132 onto discharge member 138 for removal from the mill by suitable means such as belt 140'.
  • All table members 52 preferably are connected to and driven by a single drive shaft 36 which is rotated by the flexible drive means 154 operated by motor 148'.
  • discharge openings 76 of the various mill units may be adjusted to the sizes desired for the ultimate product and, as in regard to the various embodiments described hereinabove, the various barrier plates 80 of each mill unit may be adjusted vertically, as desired, relative to each other to achieve maximum grinding efiiciency in each mill unit.
  • FIGS. 15 and 16 does not include material classifying means specifically illustrated in said figures, it is to be understood that suitable classifying means such, for example, as the air classifier 20 of FIG. 1 can be utilized with the mill system of FIGS. 15 and 16.
  • An appropriate conductor such as belt 140 or suction conduit 16 may be used to feed material from the discharge member 138, for example, to such classifier, and appropriate conducting means, such as a conveyor belt 118 shown in FIG. 1, may be used to convey the oversize material from the classifier to the feed entrance of the mill system of FIGS. 15 and 16.
  • a grinding mill for reducing friable material to a desired range of fine sizes comprising in combination,
  • feed means positioned to deliver raw material to the upper surface of said table member while rotating.
  • the grinding mill according to claim 1 further characterized by said support means for said barrier plates including means operable to adjust said plates vertically relative to said table member to provide shearing and crushing spaces of predetermined desired height between the lower edges of said barrier plates and said radial impeller means.
  • the grinding mill according to claim 1 further including means surrounding said peripheral wall means and extending below the level of said table and operable to receive material of a predetermined size discharged through said annular discharge space adjacent the periphery of said table member.
  • the grinding mill according to claim 1 further characterized by said mill further including means to adjustably position said barrier plates vertically independently upon said supporting means therefor to permit desired independent positioning of the lower edges of said plates above the radial impeller means upon said table member.
  • the grinding mill according to claim 1 further including means to adjust the lower edge of said circular wall means vertically relative to the periphery of said table member to control the space therebetween and thereby regulate the size of material discharged therethrough.
  • the grinding mill according to claim 1 further including abrasion-resistant impeding members mounted and spaced peripherally around said circular wall means and extending radially inward and substantially parallel to the axis of the table member, said impeding members being operable to restrain circular movement of said semistatic layer of material adjacent said wall means.
  • the grinding mill according to claim 6 further characterized by said circular wall means comprising two sections coaxial and slidably concentric with each other vertically, one section being above the other and fixed relative to the mill and the lower section being vertically adjustable relative to the upper section.
  • the grinding mill according to claim 8 further including (a) abrasion-resistant impeding members spaced peripherally around the inner surfaces of said circular wall sections and extending substantially vertically, and
  • said means to drive said table member comprising a motor operable to drive said table member and said mill also including (b) bearing means to support (c) a drive shaft connected to and extending vertically from said table member and supported by said bearing means, and
  • impeller means operable to induce a current of air from the exterior of the mill to pass said bearing means.
  • the grinding mill according to claim 3 further including skirt means extending upward from the periphery of said table member and surrounding at least the lower portion of said circular wall means, said skirt means being connected to said table member for rotation therewith and operable to confine material discharged from between said table member and lower edge of said circular wall means and thereby serve as a fluid-type seal.
  • the grinding mill according to claim 12 further including means to engage excessive material confined by said skirt means and return it to the interior of said mill within said circular wall means.
  • the grinding mill according to claim 1 further including (a) a stationary shell surrounding said circular wall means and having exit means therein, said shell being operable to receive material from between the periphery of said table member and the lower portion of said circular wall means according to the space therebetween, and
  • impeller means on the periphery of said table member below the upper surface thereof operable to move material deposited within said shell to the exit means therein.
  • the grinding mill according to claim 4 further characterized by said means surrounding and extending downward from said circular wall means comprising a shell surounding said wall means and spaced therefrom to provide a discharge space and inwardly sloping chutelike means depending from the lower edge of said shell to direct and concentrate said discharged product material from said annular discharge opening.
  • the grinding mill according to claim 4 further including rubber-like lining means surrounding the interior of said circular wall means at least adjacent the lower edge thereof and being at least coextensive with 60 the lower edge of said wall means, and rubber-like means covering the upper surface of said table member at least adjacent the periphery thereof and underlying the lower edge of said rubber-like lining means on said wall means, thereby to minimize abrasion and wear of said lower edge 65 of said wall means and upper peripheral surface of said table member.
  • a grinding mill for friable material comprising in combination,
  • substantially circular peripheral wall means extending upward from and spaced at the lower edge thereof from said table member to provide a product discharge opening to define a grinding compartment
  • the grinding mill according to claim 17 further including (a) common shaft means supporting all of said table members, and
  • the grinding mill according to claim 17 further characterized by said guide means for the overflow material extending from one mill unit downwardly to the next lower mill unit.
  • the grinding mill according to claim 17 further including (a) an outer casing surrounding all of said mill units and receiving ground product material from the dis- 18 charge openings at the periphery of each mill unit by gravity, and
  • (b) means in the lower portion of said casing to collect and discharge commonly from the mill all the product material produced by all the mill units.
  • the grinding mill according to claim 17 further including means to support the barrier plates in each mill unit for independent vertical adjustment in each mill unit relative to the table member thereof, whereby said barrier plates in the various mill units may be positioned similarly to those in other units or differently, as desired, and the plates in each unit likewise may be independently adjusted vertically relative to each other for maximum overall grinding efiiciency of the mill.
  • the grinding mill according to claim 17 further characterized by at least the lower portion of the peripheral wall means of each mill unit being vertically adjustable relative to the periphery of the table member thereof to vary the product discharge opening and thereby control the size range of the product material produced by each mill unit.
  • the grinding mill according to claim 17 further including, material classifier means, transfer means to conduct the material discharged from said mill units to said classifier means to separate from a desired range of fine sizes any material of a larger size, and means operable to return the separated larger size material to at least one of the mill units of said series to reduce the same to a finer size range.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Food Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Crushing And Grinding (AREA)
  • Combined Means For Separation Of Solids (AREA)
US336771A 1964-01-09 1964-01-09 Vortex grinding mill Expired - Lifetime US3300151A (en)

Priority Applications (5)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US336771A US3300151A (en) 1964-01-09 1964-01-09 Vortex grinding mill
GB821/65A GB1048792A (en) 1964-01-09 1965-01-07 Improvements in or relating to the grinding of raw friable material
FR1225A FR1421801A (fr) 1964-01-09 1965-01-08 Procédé et dispositif de broyage de matières friables
DEZ11260A DE1288888B (de) 1964-01-09 1965-01-08 Vorrichtung zum Mahlen von stueckigem Gut
US582058A US3428259A (en) 1964-01-09 1966-09-26 Process for pulverizing material

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US336771A US3300151A (en) 1964-01-09 1964-01-09 Vortex grinding mill

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US3300151A true US3300151A (en) 1967-01-24

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US582058A Expired - Lifetime US3428259A (en) 1964-01-09 1966-09-26 Process for pulverizing material

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US4638747A (en) * 1985-04-01 1987-01-27 Astec Industries, Inc. Coal-fired asphalt plant
EP1413357A1 (de) * 2002-10-25 2004-04-28 CEMAG Anlagenbau GmbH Mahlwerkzeug für eine Wirbelstrommühle

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FR1110334A (fr) * 1954-07-13 1956-02-10 Perfectionnements aux matériaux ferromagnétiques du genre
FR2687937B1 (fr) * 1992-02-27 1996-05-24 Framatome Sa Dispositif de broyage en particules d'une matiere granuleuse.
US5544820A (en) * 1995-02-21 1996-08-13 Walters; Jerry W. Clear-trajectory rotary-driven impact comminuter

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US1905545A (en) * 1931-03-06 1933-04-25 Minerals Beneficiation Inc Grinding mill
US2617334A (en) * 1947-04-19 1952-11-11 Valley Iron Works Company Pulper for paper stock
US2937815A (en) * 1956-07-11 1960-05-24 Eirich Wilhelm Disc mills
US3162382A (en) * 1962-03-22 1964-12-22 Bath Iron Works Corp Centrifugal pulverizer
US3233837A (en) * 1963-05-13 1966-02-08 Hi Speed Blending And Mixing C Grinder-blenders

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GB623820A (en) * 1946-11-04 1949-05-24 Nordberg Manufacturing Co Improvements in or relating to a method of and apparatus for crushing or grinding material
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US950723A (en) * 1908-09-09 1910-03-01 Johannes Christiaan Lebuinus Vander Lande Oil decoloring, bleaching, and thickening apparatus.
US1905545A (en) * 1931-03-06 1933-04-25 Minerals Beneficiation Inc Grinding mill
US2617334A (en) * 1947-04-19 1952-11-11 Valley Iron Works Company Pulper for paper stock
US2937815A (en) * 1956-07-11 1960-05-24 Eirich Wilhelm Disc mills
US3162382A (en) * 1962-03-22 1964-12-22 Bath Iron Works Corp Centrifugal pulverizer
US3233837A (en) * 1963-05-13 1966-02-08 Hi Speed Blending And Mixing C Grinder-blenders

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4638747A (en) * 1985-04-01 1987-01-27 Astec Industries, Inc. Coal-fired asphalt plant
EP1413357A1 (de) * 2002-10-25 2004-04-28 CEMAG Anlagenbau GmbH Mahlwerkzeug für eine Wirbelstrommühle

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Publication number Publication date
GB1048792A (en) 1966-11-23
FR1421801A (fr) 1966-03-11
DE1288888B (de) 1969-02-06
US3428259A (en) 1969-02-18

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