US3282002A - Keying device for embedment anchor - Google Patents

Keying device for embedment anchor Download PDF

Info

Publication number
US3282002A
US3282002A US331980A US33198063A US3282002A US 3282002 A US3282002 A US 3282002A US 331980 A US331980 A US 331980A US 33198063 A US33198063 A US 33198063A US 3282002 A US3282002 A US 3282002A
Authority
US
United States
Prior art keywords
anchor
fin
embedment
force
keying device
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US331980A
Inventor
Taylor H Jefferson
Billy F Narron
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Individual
Original Assignee
Individual
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Priority to US331980A priority Critical patent/US3282002A/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US3282002A publication Critical patent/US3282002A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

Links

Images

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING 
    • B63B21/00—Tying-up; Shifting, towing, or pushing equipment; Anchoring
    • B63B21/24—Anchors
    • B63B21/26—Anchors securing to bed
    • B63B21/29—Anchors securing to bed by weight, e.g. flukeless weight anchors
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING 
    • B63B21/00—Tying-up; Shifting, towing, or pushing equipment; Anchoring
    • B63B21/24—Anchors
    • B63B21/26—Anchors securing to bed
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
    • E02D5/00—Bulkheads, piles, or other structural elements specially adapted to foundation engineering
    • E02D5/74—Means for anchoring structural elements or bulkheads
    • E02D5/80—Ground anchors
    • E02D5/803—Ground anchors with pivotable anchoring members

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to improvements in embedment anchors and more particularly to explosive driven light weight embedment anchors.
  • An object of this invention is to provide in an embedment anchor a keying device which, while not materially affecting the trajectory of the anchor, would nevertheless, upon the application of force from the anchor cable, the key being pushed into the earth above, would cause the anchor to rotate away from its position substantially parallel to the anchor cable, thereby providing a maximum resistance to withdrawal from the earth.
  • FIG. 1 is a perspective view of one embodiment of our invention
  • FIG. 2 is a plan view of a second embodiment of our invention.
  • FIG. 3 is a longitudinal edge view of the embodiment illustrated at FIG. 2 during the embodiment phase of operation;
  • FIG. 4 is a longitudinal edge view of the embodiment illustrated at FIG. 2 during the anchoring or withdrawal phase of operations;
  • FIG. 5 is a view of a third embodiment of our invention.
  • FIG. 6 is a partial plan view of still another embodiment of our invention.
  • FIG. 7 and 8 illustrate plan and longitudinal edge views, respectively, of a further embodiment of our invention.
  • our invention comprises the combination with an embedment anchor of a keying device comprising a fin, means for attaching the fin to the embedment anchor whereby the fin extends rearward of and substantially coplanar with the anchor as forward penetration into the earth is effected.
  • the attaching means allow the plane of the fin to form a reflex angle with the plane of the anchor.
  • the fin or fins guide the anchor rotationally into a plane generally perpendicular to its plane of penetration.
  • embedment anchor 1 is provided with loop 5 to which is attached the bight of anchor cable 2.
  • Fin 3 is hinge mounted as at 4 to embedment anchor 1. Stops similar to in FIG. 5 are provided on the body of the anchor to prevent the fin from rotating beyond the desired position, for effecting proper rotation of the anchor, the proper angle being determined by the density of the material into which the anchor is embedded.
  • FIGS. 2, 3 and 4 depicting a second embodiment of our invention show fins 11 and 12, instead of being hinge mounted, being of a flexible or resilient material which is bent into the desired shape shown in FIG. 4, by the force of the material surrounding the anchor as pressure is applied to the anchor cable to seat the anchor.
  • FIG. 5 illustrates still another embodiment of this invention wherein inertial force from acceleration and drag hold the keying device 14 in a neutral position during the United States Patent 0 "ice.
  • leaf spring 13 urges fin 14 to rotate into the keying position, key stop 15 preventing travel beyond the desired position.
  • FIG. 6 illustrates a more positive type keying action wherein strap 22 holds fin 20 in the neutral position during the embedment process.
  • explosive bolt 23 releases strap 22 from fin 20, allowing leaf spring 24 to force fin 20 into the keying position.
  • explosive bolt means 23 may be energized by any conventional means, for example via electrical cable 29 and a power source, not shown.
  • fins 31 are each held in neutral position by a retainer strap 32 until completion of the embedment procedure.
  • the explosive bolts 33 upon energization via cable 39 free the fins 31 so that they may be pivoted at hinge 34 into the keyed position as shown in dotted outline in FIG. 8.
  • This movement of the fins 31 through the connection of the keying bars 35 interconnecting the fins 31 with the rotating lug 37 moves this lug into the dotted position shown in FIGS. 8.
  • Force exerted through a cable connected at 36 to lug 37 will rotate the anchor into the keying position.
  • An improved embedment anchor having tip and tail sections with a substantially planar surface configuration therebetween wherein substantially planar fin means are connected for movement to said tail section thereof,
  • said fin means adapted for planar alignment with said planar surface configuration and adapted to pivot in the vicinity of the connection to said tail section, and cable attachment means for applying a withdrawal force disposed on said anchor at a selected distance from said fin means connection thereto such that application of a withdrawal force subsequent to embedment of the anchor will effect a pivoting of said anchor with respect said planar fin means.
  • control means are adapted to limit the degree of pivoting of said planar fin means with respect the planar surface of said embedment anchor.
  • planar fin means are adapted to pivot in response to anchor withdrawal forces applied substantially to the center section of said embedment anchor.
  • planar fin means are hinge coupled to said tail section thereof.
  • planar fin means incorporate leaf spring means adapted to apply a pivot force thereto and strap retaining means adapted to counter said pivot force, said strap retaining means including a breakable portion for releasing said pivot force.
  • An embedment anchor body including a keying device comprising a fin hinge mounted upon said anchor body, said fin extending rearwardly of and substantially coplanar with said anchor body as forward penetration by the anchor is effected, a strap secured to said embedment anchor body and secured to said fin by explosive bolt means, means for energizing said explosive bolt means upon completion of forward penetration of said anchor body, connector bar means interconnecting said fin and a rotatable link located centrally of said anchor body, detonation of said explosive bolt forcing said fin to a positron to form a reflex angle with the plane of said anchor body, stop means carried by said anchor body to limit the reflex angle formed by said fin and means on said rotatable link for securing means for applying a force whereby upon application of such force substantially parallel to said anchor body rotation of the anchor body from an initial vertical position to a position substantially normal to the initial position is effected.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Ocean & Marine Engineering (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Paleontology (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Piles And Underground Anchors (AREA)

Description

NOV. 1966 T. H. JEFFERSON ETAL 3,282,002
KEYING DEVICE FOR EMBEDMENT ANCHOR Filed Dec. 19, 1963 F162 /2 Fig.3
- FLGA:
llvx/e/vv-orzs TAY OQ H. JEFFERSON ;a
5/44. F. A nzqo v WW4 M 3,282,002 KEYING DEVICE FOR EMBEDMENT ANCHOR Taylor H. Jefferson and Billy F. Narron, Alexandria, Va., assignors to the United States of America as represented by the Secretary of the Army Filed Dec. 19, 1963, Ser. No. 331,980 7 Claims. (Cl. 52162) The invention described herein may be manufactured and used by or for the Government for governmental purposes without the payment to us of any royalty thereon.
The present invention relates to improvements in embedment anchors and more particularly to explosive driven light weight embedment anchors.
An object of this invention is to provide in an embedment anchor a keying device which, while not materially affecting the trajectory of the anchor, would nevertheless, upon the application of force from the anchor cable, the key being pushed into the earth above, would cause the anchor to rotate away from its position substantially parallel to the anchor cable, thereby providing a maximum resistance to withdrawal from the earth.
Other objects and advantages will be apparent to those skilled in the art in reference to the following description and the accompanying drawings in which:
FIG. 1 is a perspective view of one embodiment of our invention;
FIG. 2 is a plan view of a second embodiment of our invention;
FIG. 3 is a longitudinal edge view of the embodiment illustrated at FIG. 2 during the embodiment phase of operation;
FIG. 4 is a longitudinal edge view of the embodiment illustrated at FIG. 2 during the anchoring or withdrawal phase of operations;
FIG. 5 is a view of a third embodiment of our invention;
FIG. 6 is a partial plan view of still another embodiment of our invention; and
FIG. 7 and 8 illustrate plan and longitudinal edge views, respectively, of a further embodiment of our invention.
Briefly, our invention comprises the combination with an embedment anchor of a keying device comprising a fin, means for attaching the fin to the embedment anchor whereby the fin extends rearward of and substantially coplanar with the anchor as forward penetration into the earth is effected. Upon application of withdrawal force upon the anchor, when the fin is pushed into resisting earth, the attaching means allow the plane of the fin to form a reflex angle with the plane of the anchor. Thus, upon application of further withdrawal force, the fin or fins guide the anchor rotationally into a plane generally perpendicular to its plane of penetration.
Referring in detail to FIG. 1, embedment anchor 1 is provided with loop 5 to which is attached the bight of anchor cable 2. Fin 3 is hinge mounted as at 4 to embedment anchor 1. Stops similar to in FIG. 5 are provided on the body of the anchor to prevent the fin from rotating beyond the desired position, for effecting proper rotation of the anchor, the proper angle being determined by the density of the material into which the anchor is embedded.
FIGS. 2, 3 and 4, depicting a second embodiment of our invention, show fins 11 and 12, instead of being hinge mounted, being of a flexible or resilient material which is bent into the desired shape shown in FIG. 4, by the force of the material surrounding the anchor as pressure is applied to the anchor cable to seat the anchor.
FIG. 5 illustrates still another embodiment of this invention wherein inertial force from acceleration and drag hold the keying device 14 in a neutral position during the United States Patent 0 "ice.
embedment process. As an upward force is applied to the anchor cable, leaf spring 13 urges fin 14 to rotate into the keying position, key stop 15 preventing travel beyond the desired position.
FIG. 6 illustrates a more positive type keying action wherein strap 22 holds fin 20 in the neutral position during the embedment process. When the embedment process is completed, explosive bolt 23 releases strap 22 from fin 20, allowing leaf spring 24 to force fin 20 into the keying position. It will be appreciated that explosive bolt means 23 may be energized by any conventional means, for example via electrical cable 29 and a power source, not shown.
In FIGS. 7 and 8 fins 31 are each held in neutral position by a retainer strap 32 until completion of the embedment procedure. After embedment, the explosive bolts 33 upon energization via cable 39 free the fins 31 so that they may be pivoted at hinge 34 into the keyed position as shown in dotted outline in FIG. 8. This movement of the fins 31 through the connection of the keying bars 35 interconnecting the fins 31 with the rotating lug 37 moves this lug into the dotted position shown in FIGS. 8. Force exerted through a cable connected at 36 to lug 37 will rotate the anchor into the keying position.
Other variations may, of course, be resorted to without departing from the scope of this invention.
We claim:
1. An improved embedment anchor having tip and tail sections with a substantially planar surface configuration therebetween wherein substantially planar fin means are connected for movement to said tail section thereof,
said fin means adapted for planar alignment with said planar surface configuration and adapted to pivot in the vicinity of the connection to said tail section, and cable attachment means for applying a withdrawal force disposed on said anchor at a selected distance from said fin means connection thereto such that application of a withdrawal force subsequent to embedment of the anchor will effect a pivoting of said anchor with respect said planar fin means.
2. An improved embedment anchor as defined in claim 1 wherein control means are adapted to limit the degree of pivoting of said planar fin means with respect the planar surface of said embedment anchor.
3. An improved embedment anchor as defined in claim 2 wherein said planar fin means are adapted to pivot in response to anchor withdrawal forces applied substantially to the center section of said embedment anchor.
4. An improved embedment anchor as defined in claim 3 wherein said planar fin means are hinge coupled to said tail section thereof.
5. An improved embedment anchor as defined in claim 4 wherein said planar fin means incorporate leaf spring means adapted to apply a pivot force thereto and strap retaining means adapted to counter said pivot force, said strap retaining means including a breakable portion for releasing said pivot force.
6. An improved embedment anchor as defined in claim 5 wherein said breakable portion is an explosive bolt.
7. An embedment anchor body including a keying device comprising a fin hinge mounted upon said anchor body, said fin extending rearwardly of and substantially coplanar with said anchor body as forward penetration by the anchor is effected, a strap secured to said embedment anchor body and secured to said fin by explosive bolt means, means for energizing said explosive bolt means upon completion of forward penetration of said anchor body, connector bar means interconnecting said fin and a rotatable link located centrally of said anchor body, detonation of said explosive bolt forcing said fin to a positron to form a reflex angle with the plane of said anchor body, stop means carried by said anchor body to limit the reflex angle formed by said fin and means on said rotatable link for securing means for applying a force whereby upon application of such force substantially parallel to said anchor body rotation of the anchor body from an initial vertical position to a position substantially normal to the initial position is effected. 1
References Cited by the Examiner UNITED STATES PATENTS 1,273,890 7/1918 Loseth 52-162 Colvin 52-162 Brickman 52162 Aiken 52-162 Holmes 52155 X Smith 52-160 Anderson 1l4206 FRANK L. ABBOTT, Primary Examiner. 10 R. S. VERMUT, Assistant Examiner.

Claims (1)

1. AN IMPROVED EMBEDMENT ANCHOR HAVING TIP AND TAIL SECTIONS WITH A SUBSTANTIALLY PLANAR SURFACE CONFIGURATION THEREBETWEEN WHEREIN SUBSTANTIALLY PLANAR FIN MEANS ARE CONNECTED TO MOVEMENT TO SAID TAIL SECTION THEREOF, SAID FIN MEANS ADAPTED FOR PLANAR ALIGNMENT WITH SAID PLANER SURFACE CONFIGURATION AND ADAPTED TO PIVOT IN THE VICINITY OF THE CONNECTION OF SAID TAIL SECTION, AND CABLE ATTACHMENT MEANS FOR APPLYING A WITHDRAWAL FORCE DISPOSED ON SAID ANCHOR AT A SELECTED DISTANCE FROM SAID FIN MEANS CONNECTION THERETO SUCH THAT APPLICATION OF A
US331980A 1963-12-19 1963-12-19 Keying device for embedment anchor Expired - Lifetime US3282002A (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US331980A US3282002A (en) 1963-12-19 1963-12-19 Keying device for embedment anchor

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US331980A US3282002A (en) 1963-12-19 1963-12-19 Keying device for embedment anchor

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3282002A true US3282002A (en) 1966-11-01

Family

ID=23296179

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US331980A Expired - Lifetime US3282002A (en) 1963-12-19 1963-12-19 Keying device for embedment anchor

Country Status (1)

Country Link
US (1) US3282002A (en)

Cited By (16)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3601941A (en) * 1968-11-29 1971-08-31 Hikoitsu Watanabe Ground anchor
US3662505A (en) * 1969-11-10 1972-05-16 Hikoitsu Watanabe Ground anchor
WO1979001017A1 (en) * 1978-05-02 1979-11-29 Inst Francais Du Petrole New anchoring system
EP0161190A3 (en) * 1984-05-11 1987-06-10 Institut Francais Du Petrole Anchoring device comprising a hinged angular part
US4738063A (en) * 1985-01-30 1988-04-19 Peter Alsop Ground anchoring system
EP0313936A1 (en) * 1987-10-29 1989-05-03 Foresight Industries, Inc. Ground anchor
EP0444667A3 (en) * 1990-02-28 1992-04-01 Frank Grey Plate anchor
US5255480A (en) * 1989-02-23 1993-10-26 Hydracor International, Inc. Ground anchoring system
WO2004011327A1 (en) * 2002-07-26 2004-02-05 Francois Bernard Sheet anchor
US20070094951A1 (en) * 2005-09-27 2007-05-03 Accuplastics, Inc. Taco Shell Earth Anchor
US20100058680A1 (en) * 1993-11-03 2010-03-11 Platipus Anchors Limited Ground anchors
US20170144731A1 (en) * 2015-11-23 2017-05-25 Petroleo Brasileiro S.A. - Petrobras Gravitation anchor for offshore anchoring of ships and platforms
CN107640287A (en) * 2017-09-29 2018-01-30 夏尔特拉（北京）太阳能科技有限公司 Hammer entering-in-mud type plate anchor and its installation tool and enter mud construction method
USD838149S1 (en) * 2017-08-28 2019-01-15 Daniel W. Hanson Anchoring stake
US10694716B2 (en) 2017-08-28 2020-06-30 Daniel W. Hanson Anchoring stake
US12352004B2 (en) 2023-04-23 2025-07-08 Hamed Niroumand Earth anchors and method of production thereof

Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1273890A (en) * 1916-05-13 1918-07-30 Christopher Loseth Drive-anchor.
US1844273A (en) * 1929-07-31 1932-02-09 Benjamin F Colvin Anchor
US2334989A (en) * 1941-04-29 1943-11-23 American Steel & Wire Co Metal highway guard support
US2340447A (en) * 1941-02-10 1944-02-01 John Earl Koester Expanding land anchor
US2941615A (en) * 1956-05-01 1960-06-21 Texaco Inc Device for loading tandem charge arrays
US2958404A (en) * 1958-04-25 1960-11-01 John J Smith Aircraft anchor
US3207115A (en) * 1963-06-17 1965-09-21 Concept Engineering Co Inc Explosive operated anchor assembly

Patent Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1273890A (en) * 1916-05-13 1918-07-30 Christopher Loseth Drive-anchor.
US1844273A (en) * 1929-07-31 1932-02-09 Benjamin F Colvin Anchor
US2340447A (en) * 1941-02-10 1944-02-01 John Earl Koester Expanding land anchor
US2334989A (en) * 1941-04-29 1943-11-23 American Steel & Wire Co Metal highway guard support
US2941615A (en) * 1956-05-01 1960-06-21 Texaco Inc Device for loading tandem charge arrays
US2958404A (en) * 1958-04-25 1960-11-01 John J Smith Aircraft anchor
US3207115A (en) * 1963-06-17 1965-09-21 Concept Engineering Co Inc Explosive operated anchor assembly

Cited By (18)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3601941A (en) * 1968-11-29 1971-08-31 Hikoitsu Watanabe Ground anchor
US3662505A (en) * 1969-11-10 1972-05-16 Hikoitsu Watanabe Ground anchor
WO1979001017A1 (en) * 1978-05-02 1979-11-29 Inst Francais Du Petrole New anchoring system
EP0161190A3 (en) * 1984-05-11 1987-06-10 Institut Francais Du Petrole Anchoring device comprising a hinged angular part
US4738063A (en) * 1985-01-30 1988-04-19 Peter Alsop Ground anchoring system
EP0313936A1 (en) * 1987-10-29 1989-05-03 Foresight Industries, Inc. Ground anchor
US5255480A (en) * 1989-02-23 1993-10-26 Hydracor International, Inc. Ground anchoring system
EP0444667A3 (en) * 1990-02-28 1992-04-01 Frank Grey Plate anchor
US20100058680A1 (en) * 1993-11-03 2010-03-11 Platipus Anchors Limited Ground anchors
US7713003B2 (en) 1993-11-03 2010-05-11 Platipus Anchors Limited Ground anchors
WO2004011327A1 (en) * 2002-07-26 2004-02-05 Francois Bernard Sheet anchor
US20070094951A1 (en) * 2005-09-27 2007-05-03 Accuplastics, Inc. Taco Shell Earth Anchor
US20170144731A1 (en) * 2015-11-23 2017-05-25 Petroleo Brasileiro S.A. - Petrobras Gravitation anchor for offshore anchoring of ships and platforms
US10196111B2 (en) * 2015-11-23 2019-02-05 Petroleo Brasileiro S.A.—Petrobras Gravitation anchor for offshore anchoring of ships and platforms
USD838149S1 (en) * 2017-08-28 2019-01-15 Daniel W. Hanson Anchoring stake
US10694716B2 (en) 2017-08-28 2020-06-30 Daniel W. Hanson Anchoring stake
CN107640287A (en) * 2017-09-29 2018-01-30 夏尔特拉（北京）太阳能科技有限公司 Hammer entering-in-mud type plate anchor and its installation tool and enter mud construction method
US12352004B2 (en) 2023-04-23 2025-07-08 Hamed Niroumand Earth anchors and method of production thereof

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
US3282002A (en) Keying device for embedment anchor
US3108583A (en) Projectile launcher
EP3094550B1 (en) Anchor
US4134355A (en) Snag-resistant anchor
US1791716A (en) Bomb
JPH0561411B2 (en)
GB1298863A (en) Anchorage apparatus and method
US2922340A (en) Release mechanism for ordnance apparatus and the like
NO156103B (en) REMOTELY PROJECTIL-HOLDING ARRANGEMENT FOR RELEASING A ROCKET-DRIVEN PROJECTILET FROM A KOGGER.
CA1187345A (en) Anchor
EP0229541B1 (en) Device for pitching projectiles during flight
DE3833751C1 (en) Release device for the ignition of an anti-shelter projectile
US2817295A (en) Firing pin for rocket fuze
US2709980A (en) Anti-fouling anchor with fluke revolving and locking means
US3828497A (en) Ground anchors
US4637313A (en) Earth penetrator
US3326172A (en) Explosive cutter for moored mine cables
US3742891A (en) Disc anchor
US3302572A (en) Delayed fuze mechanism
US2496315A (en) Anchor
US4090446A (en) Controlled depth of burial penetrator
AU3887685A (en) Ground anchoring system
US1455075A (en) Catapult
Parker Despin weight release Patent
US3685451A (en) Striker mechanisms for percussion igniters