US3271309A - Grease compositions - Google Patents

Grease compositions Download PDF

Info

Publication number
US3271309A
US3271309A US383503A US38350364A US3271309A US 3271309 A US3271309 A US 3271309A US 383503 A US383503 A US 383503A US 38350364 A US38350364 A US 38350364A US 3271309 A US3271309 A US 3271309A
Authority
US
United States
Prior art keywords
grease
clay
sulfide
carbonate
weight
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US383503A
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Gerard P Caruso
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Shell USA Inc
Original Assignee
Shell Oil Co
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority to BE623658D priority Critical patent/BE623658A/xx
Priority to NL284414D priority patent/NL284414A/xx
Priority to FR88753D priority patent/FR88753E/fr
Priority to DES82042A priority patent/DE1284012B/de
Priority to CH1209462A priority patent/CH447443A/de
Priority to FR912280A priority patent/FR1343028A/fr
Priority to GB38996/62A priority patent/GB960059A/en
Application filed by Shell Oil Co filed Critical Shell Oil Co
Priority to US383503A priority patent/US3271309A/en
Priority claimed from US395024A external-priority patent/US3370007A/en
Priority to BE666946D priority patent/BE666946A/xx
Priority to DE19651594590 priority patent/DE1594590A1/de
Priority to NL6509144A priority patent/NL6509144A/xx
Priority to GB30077/65A priority patent/GB1041509A/en
Priority to GB38014/65A priority patent/GB1100189A/en
Priority to DE19651594594 priority patent/DE1594594A1/de
Priority to FR30526A priority patent/FR89763E/fr
Priority to BE669245D priority patent/BE669245A/xx
Priority to NL6511631A priority patent/NL6511631A/xx
Publication of US3271309A publication Critical patent/US3271309A/en
Application granted granted Critical
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M169/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by containing as components a mixture of at least two types of ingredient selected from base-materials, thickeners or additives, covered by the preceding groups, each of these compounds being essential
    • C10M169/06—Mixtures of thickeners and additives
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2201/00—Inorganic compounds or elements as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2201/02—Water
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2201/00—Inorganic compounds or elements as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2201/06—Metal compounds
    • C10M2201/062—Oxides; Hydroxides; Carbonates or bicarbonates
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2201/00—Inorganic compounds or elements as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2201/06—Metal compounds
    • C10M2201/065—Sulfides; Selenides; Tellurides
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2201/00—Inorganic compounds or elements as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2201/06—Metal compounds
    • C10M2201/065—Sulfides; Selenides; Tellurides
    • C10M2201/066—Molybdenum sulfide
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2201/00—Inorganic compounds or elements as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2201/08—Inorganic acids or salts thereof
    • C10M2201/082—Inorganic acids or salts thereof containing nitrogen
    • C10M2201/083—Inorganic acids or salts thereof containing nitrogen nitrites
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2201/00—Inorganic compounds or elements as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2201/10—Compounds containing silicon
    • C10M2201/102—Silicates
    • C10M2201/103—Clays; Mica; Zeolites
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2201/00—Inorganic compounds or elements as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2201/14—Inorganic compounds or elements as ingredients in lubricant compositions inorganic compounds surface treated with organic compounds
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2203/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds and hydrocarbon fractions as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2203/10—Petroleum or coal fractions, e.g. tars, solvents, bitumen
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2207/10—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof
    • C10M2207/16—Naphthenic acids
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2207/28—Esters
    • C10M2207/281—Esters of (cyclo)aliphatic monocarboxylic acids
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2207/28—Esters
    • C10M2207/282—Esters of (cyclo)aliphatic oolycarboxylic acids
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2207/28—Esters
    • C10M2207/283—Esters of polyhydroxy compounds
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2207/28—Esters
    • C10M2207/286—Esters of polymerised unsaturated acids
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2207/28—Esters
    • C10M2207/34—Esters having a hydrocarbon substituent of thirty or more carbon atoms, e.g. substituted succinic acid derivatives
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2211/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing halogen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2211/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing halogen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2211/02—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing halogen as ingredients in lubricant compositions containing carbon, hydrogen and halogen only
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2211/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing halogen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2211/02—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing halogen as ingredients in lubricant compositions containing carbon, hydrogen and halogen only
    • C10M2211/022—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing halogen as ingredients in lubricant compositions containing carbon, hydrogen and halogen only aliphatic
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2211/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing halogen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2211/04—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing halogen as ingredients in lubricant compositions containing carbon, hydrogen, halogen, and oxygen
    • C10M2211/044—Acids; Salts or esters thereof
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2211/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing halogen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2211/06—Perfluorinated compounds
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2215/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing nitrogen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2215/02—Amines, e.g. polyalkylene polyamines; Quaternary amines
    • C10M2215/04—Amines, e.g. polyalkylene polyamines; Quaternary amines having amino groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2215/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing nitrogen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2215/02—Amines, e.g. polyalkylene polyamines; Quaternary amines
    • C10M2215/04—Amines, e.g. polyalkylene polyamines; Quaternary amines having amino groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms
    • C10M2215/042—Amines, e.g. polyalkylene polyamines; Quaternary amines having amino groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms containing hydroxy groups; Alkoxylated derivatives thereof
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2215/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing nitrogen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2215/02—Amines, e.g. polyalkylene polyamines; Quaternary amines
    • C10M2215/06—Amines, e.g. polyalkylene polyamines; Quaternary amines having amino groups bound to carbon atoms of six-membered aromatic rings
    • C10M2215/064—Di- and triaryl amines
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2215/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing nitrogen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2215/02—Amines, e.g. polyalkylene polyamines; Quaternary amines
    • C10M2215/06—Amines, e.g. polyalkylene polyamines; Quaternary amines having amino groups bound to carbon atoms of six-membered aromatic rings
    • C10M2215/064—Di- and triaryl amines
    • C10M2215/065—Phenyl-Naphthyl amines
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2215/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing nitrogen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2215/08—Amides
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2215/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing nitrogen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2215/08—Amides
    • C10M2215/082—Amides containing hydroxyl groups; Alkoxylated derivatives
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2215/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing nitrogen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2215/22—Heterocyclic nitrogen compounds
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2215/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing nitrogen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2215/22—Heterocyclic nitrogen compounds
    • C10M2215/221—Six-membered rings containing nitrogen and carbon only
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2215/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing nitrogen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2215/22—Heterocyclic nitrogen compounds
    • C10M2215/223—Five-membered rings containing nitrogen and carbon only
    • C10M2215/224—Imidazoles
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2215/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing nitrogen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2215/22—Heterocyclic nitrogen compounds
    • C10M2215/225—Heterocyclic nitrogen compounds the rings containing both nitrogen and oxygen
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2215/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing nitrogen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2215/22—Heterocyclic nitrogen compounds
    • C10M2215/225—Heterocyclic nitrogen compounds the rings containing both nitrogen and oxygen
    • C10M2215/226—Morpholines
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2215/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing nitrogen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2215/26—Amines
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2215/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing nitrogen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2215/28—Amides; Imides
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2215/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing nitrogen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2215/30—Heterocyclic compounds
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2217/00—Organic macromolecular compounds containing nitrogen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2217/04—Macromolecular compounds from nitrogen-containing monomers obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
    • C10M2217/046—Polyamines, i.e. macromoleculars obtained by condensation of more than eleven amine monomers
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2217/00—Organic macromolecular compounds containing nitrogen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2217/06—Macromolecular compounds obtained by functionalisation op polymers with a nitrogen containing compound
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2223/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing phosphorus as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2223/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing phosphorus as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2223/02—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing phosphorus as ingredients in lubricant compositions having no phosphorus-to-carbon bonds
    • C10M2223/04—Phosphate esters
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2223/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing phosphorus as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2223/02—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing phosphorus as ingredients in lubricant compositions having no phosphorus-to-carbon bonds
    • C10M2223/04—Phosphate esters
    • C10M2223/042—Metal salts thereof
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2223/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing phosphorus as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2223/06—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing phosphorus as ingredients in lubricant compositions having phosphorus-to-carbon bonds
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2223/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing phosphorus as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2223/06—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing phosphorus as ingredients in lubricant compositions having phosphorus-to-carbon bonds
    • C10M2223/061—Metal salts
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2223/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing phosphorus as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2223/08—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing phosphorus as ingredients in lubricant compositions having phosphorus-to-nitrogen bonds
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2223/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing phosphorus as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2223/12—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing phosphorus as ingredients in lubricant compositions obtained by phosphorisation of organic compounds, e.g. with PxSy, PxSyHal or PxOy
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2225/00—Organic macromolecular compounds containing phosphorus as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2225/00—Organic macromolecular compounds containing phosphorus as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2225/02—Macromolecular compounds from phosphorus-containg monomers, obtained by reactions involving only carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2225/00—Organic macromolecular compounds containing phosphorus as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2225/04—Organic macromolecular compounds containing phosphorus as ingredients in lubricant compositions obtained by phosphorisation of macromolecualr compounds not containing phosphorus in the monomers
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2227/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing atoms of elements not provided for in groups C10M2203/00, C10M2207/00, C10M2211/00, C10M2215/00, C10M2219/00 or C10M2223/00 as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2227/02—Esters of silicic acids
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2010/00—Metal present as such or in compounds
    • C10N2010/02—Groups 1 or 11
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2010/00—Metal present as such or in compounds
    • C10N2010/04—Groups 2 or 12
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2010/00—Metal present as such or in compounds
    • C10N2010/08—Groups 4 or 14
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
    • C10N2040/20—Metal working
    • C10N2040/24—Metal working without essential removal of material, e.g. forming, gorging, drawing, pressing, stamping, rolling or extruding; Punching metal
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
    • C10N2040/20—Metal working
    • C10N2040/241—Manufacturing joint-less pipes
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
    • C10N2040/20—Metal working
    • C10N2040/242—Hot working
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
    • C10N2040/20—Metal working
    • C10N2040/243—Cold working
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
    • C10N2040/20—Metal working
    • C10N2040/244—Metal working of specific metals
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
    • C10N2040/20—Metal working
    • C10N2040/244—Metal working of specific metals
    • C10N2040/245—Soft metals, e.g. aluminum
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
    • C10N2040/20—Metal working
    • C10N2040/244—Metal working of specific metals
    • C10N2040/246—Iron or steel
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
    • C10N2040/20—Metal working
    • C10N2040/244—Metal working of specific metals
    • C10N2040/247—Stainless steel

Definitions

  • This invention relates to improved lubricating grease compositions. More particularly, the invention relates to greases gelled with water-proofed clays and containing extreme-pressure additives.
  • Plastic lubricating compositions suitable for general use throughout mechanical arts should possess good lubricating properties and, for heavy duty use, should also inherently possess extreme-pressure characteristics when operated in either a wet or dry environment.
  • the former condition is particularly prevalent in such industrial uses as steel-rolling mill application and the like. However, some situations exist where only extreme-pressure action under dry conditions is required.
  • Certain greases gelled with clays contain small amounts of inorganic salts which are usually regarded as innocuous or undesirable contaminants. In the amounts in which they have been so found, their proportions have been too small to have any noticeable effect upon the extremepressure properties of clay greases.
  • Certain materials may be incorporated in the usual type of soap base greases for imparting extreme-pressure properties thereto, but when the same materials are incorporated in greases gelled with clays, it has been found that they cause undue softening and even liquefaction of the greases.
  • greases gelled with oleophilic clay products may be improved with'respect to their extreme-pressure properties by the presence of an effective load-bearing proportion of a metal carbonate having a Mohs hardness of at least 1 and a thermal decomposition above about 250 C.
  • Another aspect of the invention comprises the finding that an unexpected improvement can be obtained by combining molybdenum disulfide, an amorphous antimony sulfide and/ or a lead naphthenate therewith, thus enabling a drastic reduction in the carbonate requirement for a given EP value.
  • greases gelled with oleophilic clay products can be improved with respect to their extreme-pressure properties under both wet and dry operating conditions by the combination therein of the above-mentioned metal carbonate and molybdenum disulfide, and/or an amorphous antimony sulfide, supplemented by a lead naphthenate.
  • This aspect of the invention depends upon the finding that op eration under wet conditions seriously degrades the effectiveness of the sulfide as an extreme-pressure agent (even though good dry operation is obtained), but that this can be corrected and even supplemented by the presence of a lead naphthenate.
  • the metal carbonates which can be used herein are those having a hardness of 1 to 5 (preferiably 2-5) on the Mohs hardness scale and which do not decompose when heated in air up to at least 250 C.
  • Metals having carbonates within this class comprise calcium, magnesium, manganese, iron, strontium, barium, lead, copper and zinc.
  • the metals are derived from Groups LB, II-A, IVA, VII-B and VIII of the Periodic Table of the Elements.
  • Preferred metal carbonates are carbonates of the Group II-A alkaline earth metals and lead, of which calcium and lead carbonates are particularly preferred.
  • Either prepared or natural mineral carbonates may be used.
  • the carbonate may be derived from more than one metal such as dolomite
  • Other mineral carbonates having a Mohs hardness of at least 1 and which may therefore be employed include ankerite [2CaCo -MgCO -FeCO calcite and aragonite (CaCO cerussite (PbCO azurite malachite [CuCO -Cu(OH) smithsonite (ZnCO strontianite (SrCO witherite (BaCO zaratite magnesite (MgCO rhodochrosite (MnCO siderite (FeCO gaylussite (CaCO -Na CO -5H O) and thermonatrite (Na CO H O Because severe EP conditions are usually accompanied by high temperatures, it is essential that the EP agents be chemically inert at high temperatures as to reaction with air. For this reason, metal carbonates decomposing on heating below about 25 0 C. are not satisfactory.
  • the alkaline earth metal carbonates which may be employed for use in the subject class of greases comprise particularly calcium, magnesium or barium carbonates and preferably are of a relatively pure nature, i.e., relatively free from abrasive impurities such as silica. Thus, precipitated chalk and the like are preferred. If the alkaline earth metal carbonate is the sole extreme-pressure agent present, it is necessary to employ amounts between about 3 and 7.5% based on the total grease compositions. These substantial proportions of the carbonate have been found to materially increase the loadbearing capacity of the grease although smaller amounts which may often have been present as impurities, have had no noticeable effect.
  • the proportion of metal carbonate may be reduced to as little as about 0.05% and preferably is within the range of 0.3-1.5 based on the total grease composition.
  • the sulfides which may be used in conjunction with carbonate include molybdenum disulfide, an amorphous antimony sulfide and mixtures thereof.
  • the amorphous antimony sulfide is specified as contrasted to the crystal line antimony sulfides.
  • the latter normally obtained by the mining of certain minerals such as stibnite, actually causes abrasion of metallic parts. This may be due either to the extreme hardness of crystals or may be due to natural-occurring impurities such as silicates or silica present in the mineral.
  • the amorphous antimony sulfides (e.g., antimony .trisulfide, antimony tetrasulfide, or antimony pentasulfide and mixtures thereof) vary in color from yellow to gray but usually are some variety of red, dependent upon the precise means of preparation and more particularly upon the particle size of the amorphous sulfide. They are preferably obtained by precipitation of the antimony sulfide from an aqueous solution of a watersoluble antimony salt, such as antimony chloride, by
  • a sulfide such as sodium sulfide or hydro-
  • a sulfide such as sodium sulfide or hydro-
  • the greases so produced are relatively unstable in structure and, of course, are excessively expensive due to the large amount of sulfide required for this purpose.
  • the sulfide does not perform any effective gelling or thickening of the clay grease, sufiicient oleophilic clay product always present to cause the formation of a grease structure of the compositions being considered.
  • Synergism as indicated by the fact that excessive amounts (e.g., 7%) of molybdenum sulfide result in only a moderate Timken value, Whereas the further addition of only small proportions of carbonate results in a substantial Timken value even when only 0.1-1.25% sulfide is utilized.
  • lead naphthenate when used to supplement the sulfide (with or without carbonate) performs the -function of maintaining the extremepressure properties of the grease experienced under dry conditions and even unexpectedly promotes still higher extreme-pressure properties under wet conditions. It is noted hereinabove that it is necessary to restrict the proportion of lead naphthenate, said proportion to be between about 0.1 .and about 0.75% lead naphthenate based on the weight of the total grease composition.
  • Lead naphthenates are materials which are well known and may be prepared by reaction of lead compounds with naphthenic acids such as those obtained from certain American crudes, especially those obtained from California crudes. 'Dhe naphthenic acids are obtained as mixtures and have average molecular weights of about 250 or higher, generally 250-4000.
  • a lead oxide such as litharge
  • the proportion of lead in the finished product is in the order of 25-35% by weight. It is preferred to make the lead naphthenate from the oxide instead of utilizing other lead salts, although salts such as lead carbonate may be employed if desired.
  • the clays which are useful for the preparation of the subject oleophilic cl-ay products are those exhibiting a substantial base exchange capacity normally at least about 25 milliequivalents base exchange capacity per grams, and preferably between about 25 and 100 milliequivalents per 100 grams.
  • the clays particularly contemplated herein include especially the montmorillonites, such as sodium, potassium, lithium, and the other bentonites, particularly of the Wyoming bentonite type. Still more preferred are the magnesium bentonites, sometimes referred to as hectorites.” These clays are characterized by unbalanced crystal structure and are believed to have negative charges which are normally neutralized by inorganic cations.
  • oleop'hilic clay product is meant to include such clays when they have absorbed there-on or reacted therewith sufficient organic ammonia base to form an oleophilic product.
  • onium-clays comprise reaction products of oleophilic ammonium bases (or their salts) and clay.
  • the clays are more preferably modified by absorption of one or more oleophilic cationic surface-active agents such as those described in U.S. Patents 2,831,809 and 2,875,152.
  • the clays are preferably present in an amount sufiicient to cause grease formation of the lubricating oil to occur. This will usually occur in the range of 2.5- 10% by weight of the high base exchange clay (based on the inorganic clay portion of the oleophilic clay product) dependent somewhat upon the precise clay employed, the chemical constitution of the major lubricating oil components and the proportions of other components present in the grease formulation.
  • Particularly preferred organic ammonia bases are selected from the group consisting of imidazolines, amino amides formed between certain fatty acids and a mixture of polyethylene polyamines, and mixtures of such imidazolines and aminoamides.
  • the imidazolines which constitute one of the two preferred classes of clay waterproofants are those substituted with an organic radical of such dimensions as to provide the imidazoline with oleophilic properties.
  • the substituent group or groups may be hydrocarbyl, alkyl, allyl or amino groups of which the following are exemplary:
  • the imidazolines may be substituted in other positions by other groups which do not directly influence the oleophilic character of the imidazoline to a major extent.
  • the preferred class of hydrocarbyl substituted imidazolines are those in which the long chain hydrocarbyl substituent is located at the two position, that is, the carbon atom which separates the two nitrogen ring atoms of the imidazoline nucleus.
  • the alkylol-substituted imidazolines are those in which the alkylol group is one having from about 1 to 20 carbon atoms hearing at least one hydroxyl radical.
  • the striking feature of the products and particularly of products so produced comprises their ability to be dispersed in their oleophilic end use medium, such as lubricating oil, by the use of homogenization at ambient temperatures, usually 20 C.
  • the aminoamides which constitute the other of the two preferred classes of hydrophobing agents are formed between fatty acids having 10-20 carbon atoms per molecule and a mixture of polyethylene polyamines, -80% by weight of the mixture comprising 20-80% (but preferably less than 50%) of diethylene triamine, the remaining fraction being polyethylene polyamines having an average molecular weight within the range 220-450, the amino amides having been formed by reaction of 30-75% by weight polyamines and 7025% by weight of fatty acids at 200-225 C. for a reaction period of l to 4 hours.
  • Both saturated and unsaturated fatty acidsand mixtures thereof may be used in the amino amide. However, a different range of molecular weights for the fatty acids is preferred, depending on whether they are predominantly saturated or unsaturated.
  • fatty acids When at least 50% by weight of the fatty acids contain at least 1 double bond per molecule, it is preferred to use C fatty acids.
  • predominately saturated fatty acids i.e., those acids having an iodine value of 50 or below, it is preferred to use C fatty acids.
  • the cationic hydrophobic surface active agent (or hydrophobing amino radicals) is to be utilized in an amount between about 2.5 and about 5% by weight based on the total grease composition, the amount being sufiicient to provide the clay with substantial hydrophobic properties.
  • the latter is meant the stability of the clay to maintain its grease structure even when the latter is contaminated With water.
  • the major component of the grease compositions is of course the lubricating oil.
  • the oil component in the greases may be any of the oils of lubricating grades normally utilized in compounding grease compositions. They may be refined, unrefined or semi-refined, parafiinic, naphthenic or asphaltic base mineral oil having viscosities of 50-4000 SSU at F.
  • Synthetic lubricants may be used in place of or in addition to mineral oils.
  • Various classes of synthetic lubricants are known in the art and include particularly aliphatic dicarboxylic esters such as bis(Z-ethyl hexyl) sebacate, aliphatic silicates, fluorates and phosphates.
  • Optional ingredients which may be included in the grease compositions are those employed for promoting oxidation stability and corrosion protection.
  • Aromatic amines are known for their oxidation stabilizing properties and include especially the phenyl naphthyl amines, including diphenyl amine, phenyl alpha-naphthylamine, phenyl beta-naphthylamine as well as their analogs and homologs.
  • Suitable corrosion inhibitors include particularly the alkali metal nitrites such as sodium and potassium nitrite and the reaction products of terpenes with a phosphorous halide such as phosphorous chlorides. It is preferred that a supplementary additive as described above be present in an amount between 0.1 and 1.0% by weight based on the total grease composition.
  • the greases may be prepared by any suitable means known to the art but: the most efficient preparation is one which utilizes the so-called direct transfer process.
  • the steps involved in this process may be described briefly as follows: Clay is dispersed in water to form a l4% aqueous dispersion from which the gangue may be separated by sedimentation or centrifuging to obtain a purified dispersion of the clay containing about 10% by weight of calcite.
  • the aqueous clay dispersion is then combined with the hydrophobic surfactant and at least part of the mineral oil component, together with sufficient agitation to cause intimate surface contact of the ingredients for the purpose of enabling adsorption of the surfactant upon the surfaces of the clay.
  • the oleophilic clay product associates with the oil and separates from a major proportion of the water.
  • the remaining oil and oleophilic clay product, which is still wet, is heated to a point sufficient to cause substantially all of the water to evaporate.
  • the components are subjected to a high rate of shear, either during water evaporation or subsequent thereto, during which time any remaining desired lubricating oil may be added.
  • the extreme-pressure agents namely, the metal carbonate, sulfide and lead naphthenate, may be added at any suitable stage in the process, but it is preferred that they be incorporated subsequent to water removal.
  • the calcium carbonate remaining after gangue removal may constitute all or part of the carbonate required.
  • the agents may be added as dry materials, either separately or together, but more preferably they are added as an oil slurry or concentrate to the otherwise finished grease composition. While it is possible to obtain satisfactory results by mere incorporation and homogenizing, it is preferred that the grease composition so modified be subjected to a high rate of shear since it has been found that thisincreases the effectiveness of the extreme-pressure agents, probably due to the more thorough dispersion thereof throughout the grease composition.
  • compositions comprise those containing a major proportion of mineral lubricating oil, 2.5-10% by weight of clay, 0.25-1% metal carbonate, 0.01.25% (0.25-10 more preferred) by weight of sulfide, 0.1- 0.75% by weight of lead naphthenate and 2.5-5% by weight of a hydrophobic amino compound, the weight of clay and amino compound being expressed as separate components regardless of whether they occur as physical mixtures of the two materials or as amino clays.
  • Optimum compositions comprise those containing 3-7% hectorite clay, 0.3-0.7% calcium carbonate, 0.5-0.85% amorphous antimony trisulfide or molybdenum disulfide, 0.35-0.60% lead petroleum naphthenate and 2-4.5% by weight of the amino amides formed between 03-06% equivalent of C fatty acids per equivalent of the mixture of polyethylene polyamines as defined hereinbefore.
  • Example I For the purpose of comparison, mineral oils were utilized throughout the following examples, all of the grease contained hectorite clay waterproofed with 60%, based on the weight of the clay, of an amino amide formed between tall oil fatty acids and the mixture of polyethylene polyamines described hereinbefore as the bottoms prodnot obtained in the preparation of ethylene diamine.
  • the grease was modified with 1% by weight of amorphous antimony trisulfide, it had a dry Timken load test of 50 pounds pass. However, when the grease was saturated with water and then subjected to the same Timken test, it passed pounds load but failed at pounds.
  • the amorphous antimony trisulfide utilized in these examples was prepared by a precipitation, hydrogen sulfide being added to an aqueous solution of antimony trichloride.
  • the sulfides so produced were brick red in color and had a relatively low specific gravity prior to fusion as compared with crystalline antimony sulfides.
  • the modified greases were prepared by pro-forming the greases by the described direct transfer process and thereafter addcarbonate as shown in Table I below. This table demonstrates the extreme-pressure activity of substantial amounts of calcium carbonate and the drastic reduction in the calcium carbonate requirement when combined with antimony trisulfide or molybdenum sulfide in the same grease.
  • the use of 0.6 CaCO with 0.75 Sb S also exhibited very good saturated (wet) Timken properties pounds, pass).
  • Example III Greases were prepared by milling a hydrophobic oleophilic ammonium clay and a lubricating oil having a viscosity of 55 seconds SSU at 210 to prepare a grease having 6.18% ammonium clay content. This grease failed to pass the Timken test at 20 pounds pressure. It also failed to pass the Timken test at 20 pounds pressure when 1% antimony trisulfide is present. Modification of the latter grease with 0.4% calcium carbonate increases the Timken rating to 30 pounds pass, while increasing thev calcium carbonate to 1% improved the Timken rating to 50 pounds pass.
  • Example IV Samples of the basic grease utilized in Example I were prepared and then modified with a metal sulfide and/or metal carbonate as indicated in the following table:
  • Example II Greases were prepared according to the formulation given in Example I insofar as the oil, clay and waterproofing agents are concerned. Samples of this grease were modified with either antimony trisulfide or calcium The above data show that the metal carbonates possess a significant degree of EP effectiveness by themselves but that, in combination with the metal sulfide, they exhibit a remarkable degree of interaction and increase the EP properties of the grease to a level almost twice as high as the metal sulfide itself even when the sulfide is used at higher concentrations.
  • Example V Examples of other grease compositions according to the invention are the basic greases of Example I containing the following additives.
  • a grease composition consisting essentially of a lubricating base oil gelled to grease consistency by means of an oleophilic clay product, which has been rendered oleophilic by treatment of a clay having a base exchange capacity of 25-100 milliequivalents per 100 grams with an organic ammonium base, and a minor proportion of an essentially water-insoluble metal carbonate having a Mohs hardness of l-5 and a thermal decomposition temperature of no less than 250 C., the proportion of carbonate being at least sufficient to improve substantially the extreme-pressure properties of the grease.
  • a grease composition consisting essentially of a lubricating base oil gelled to grease consistency by means of an oleophilic clay product, which has been rendered oleophilic by treatment of a clay having a base exchange capacity of -100 milliequivalents per 100 grams with an organic ammonium base, minor proportions each of (a) an essentially water-insoluble metal carbonate having a Mohs hardness of l-5 and a thermal decomposition temperature of no less than 250 C. and (b) an amorphous antimony sulfide, the combined carbonate and sulfide being suflicient to improve substantially the extreme-pressure properties of the grease.
  • a grease composition consisting essentially of a lubricating base oil gelled to grease consistency by means of an oleophilic clay product, which has been rendered oleophilic by treatment of a clay having a base exchange capacity of 25-100 milliequivalents per 100 grams with an organic ammonium base, and a minor proportion of an essentially water-insoluble metal carbonate having a Mohs hardness of l-5 and a thermal decomposition temperature of no less than 250 C., the proportion of carbonate being at least sufficient to improve substantially the extreme-pressure properties of the grease and 0.1- 0.75% by weight of a lead naphthenate.
  • a grease composition consisting essentially of a lubricating base oil gelled to grease consistency by means of an oleophilic clay product, which has been rendered oleophilic by treatment of a clay having a base exchange capacity of 25-100 milliequivalents per 100 grams with an organic ammonium base, minor proportions each of (a) an essentially water-insoluble metal carbonate having a Mohs hardness of l-5 and a thermal decomposition temperature of no less than 250 C. and (b) an amorphous antimony sulfide, the combined carbonate and sulfide being sufficient to improve substantially the extremepressure properties of the grease and 0.1-0.75% by weight of a lead naphthenate.
  • a grease composition consisting essentially of a lubricating base oil gelled to grease consistency by means of an oleophilic clay product, which has been rendered oleophilic by treatment of a clay having a base exchange capacity of 25-100 milliequivalents per grams with an organic ammonium base, minor proportions each of an essentially water-insoluble metal carbonate having a Mohs hardness of 1-5 and a thermal decomposition of less than 250 C. and a sulfide of the group consisting of molybdenum sulfide, amorphous antimony sulfides and mixtures thereof, the combined carbonate and sulfide being suflicient to improve substantially the extreme-pressure properties of the grease.
  • a grease composition consisting essentially of a lubricating base oil gelled to grease consistency by means of an oleophilic clay product, which has been rendered oleophilic by treatment of a clay having a base exchange capacity of 25-100 milliequivalents per 100 grams with an organic ammonium base, minor proportions each of an essentially water-insoluble metal carbonate having a Mohs hardness of l-5 and a thermal decomposition of no less than 250 C.
  • a grease composition consisting essentially of a lubricating base oil gelled to grease consistency by means of an oleophilic clay product, which has been rendered oleophilic by treatment of a clay having a base exchange capacity of 25-100 milliequivalents per 100 grams with an organic ammonium base, minor proportions each of an essentially water-insoluble metal carbonate having a Mohs hardness of 1-5 and a thermal decomposition of no less than 250 C. and molybdenum disulfide, the combined carbonate and disulfide being sufiicient to improve substantially the extreme-pressure properties of the grease.
  • a grease composition consisting essentially of a lubricating base oil gelled to grease consistency by means of an oleophilic clay product, which has been rendered oleophilic by treatment of a clay having a base exchange capacity of 25-100 milliequivalents per 100 grams with an organic ammonium base, and 0.03l.5% by weight of (a) an essentially water-insoluble metal carbonate having a Mohs hardness of l-5 and a thermal decomposition temperature of no less than 250 C., (b) 0.0-1.25% by weight of an amorphous metal sulfide, and (c) 0.1- 0.75% by weight of a lead naphthenate.
  • a grease composition consisting essentially of a lubricating base oil gelled to grease consistency by means of an oleophilic clay product, which has been rendered oleophilic by treatment of a clay having a base exchange capacity of 25-100 milliequivalents per 100 grams with an organic ammonium base, and 0.03-1.5% by Weight of (a) an essentially water-insoluble metal carbonate having .a Mohs hardness of 1-5 and a thermal decomposition temperature of no less than 250 C., (b) 0.25-1.0% by weight of an amorphous antimony trisulfide, and (c) 0.25-0.65% by weight of a lead naphthenate.
  • a grease composition comprising a major proportion of a lubricating oil, a grease-forming proportion of an oleophilic clay having a base exchange capacity of between about 25 and 100 milliequivalents per 100 grams and a minor proportion of an alkaline earth metal carbonate, the proportion of carbonate being at least suflicient to substantially improve the extreme pressure properties of the grease.
  • a grease composition comprising a major amount of a lubricating oil, a grease-forming proportion of an oleophilic clay having a base exchange capacity of between about 25 and 100 milliequivalents per 100 grams and minor proportions each of an alkaline earth metal carbonate and an amorphous antimony sulfide, the combined carbonate and sulfide being sufiicient to substantially improve the extreme pressure properties of the grease.
  • a grease composition comprising a major amount of a lubricating oil, a grease-forming proportion of an oleophilic clay having a base exchange capacity of between about 25 and 100 mililequivalents per 100 grams and minor proportions each of an alkaline earth metal carbonate and an amorphous antimony sulfide, the combined carbonate and sulfide being suflicient to substantially improve the extreme pressure properties of the grease, and 0.1-0.75 by weight of a lead naphthenate.
  • a grease composition comprising a major amount of a lubricating oil, a grease-forming proportion of an oleophilic clay having a base exchange capacity of between about 25 and 100 milliequivalents per 100 grams and minor proportions each of an alkaline earth metal carbonate and a sulfide of the group consisting of molybdenum sulfide, amorphous antimony sulfides and mixtures thereof, the combined carbonate and sulfide being sufficient to substantially improve the extreme pressure properties of the grease.
  • a grease composition comprising a major amount of a lubricating oil, a greaseforming proportion of an oleophilic clay having a base exchange capacity of between about 25 and milliequivalents per 100 grams and minor proportions each of an alkaline earth metal. carbonate and a sulfide of the group consisting of molybdenum sulfide, amorphous antimony sulfides and mixtures thereof, the combined carbonate and sulfide being suflicient to substantially improve the extreme pressure properties of the grease, and O.l-0.75% by weight of a lead naphthenate.
  • a grease composition comprising (a) a major proportion of a lubricating oil, (b) a grease-forming proportion of an oleophilic clay which has been waterproofed by means of an organic ammonia base, (c) 0.03-1.5% by weight of an alkaline earth metal carbonate, ((1) 0.0 to 1.25% by weight of a sulfide selected from the group consisting of molybdenum disulfide, amorphous antimony sulfide and mixtures thereof, and (e) 0.1-0.75% by weight of a lead naphthenate.
  • a grease composition comprising (a) a major proportion of mineral lubricating oil, (b) 0.03-1.5% by weight of calcium carbonate, (c) 0.5-O.85% by Weight of amorphous antimony trisulfide, (d) 0.35-0.60% by weight of lead soap of petroleum naphthenic acids, and (e) 3-7% by weight of hectorite clay watenproofed by means of 30-45% by weight, basis total grease composition, of oil dispersable amino amides formed between 0.3-0.6 equivalent of C1042 fatty acids and one equivalent of a mixture of polyethylene polyamines, 20-80% of the mixture comprising polyamines having 2-3 nitrogen atoms per molecule, the remaining fraction being polyethylene polyamine having an average molecular weight of 220-450.

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Lubricants (AREA)
US383503A 1961-10-17 1964-07-17 Grease compositions Expired - Lifetime US3271309A (en)

Priority Applications (17)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
BE623658D BE623658A (es) 1961-10-17
NL284414D NL284414A (es) 1961-10-17
FR88753D FR88753E (es) 1961-10-17
DES82042A DE1284012B (de) 1961-10-17 1962-10-15 Schmierfettmischungen
CH1209462A CH447443A (de) 1961-10-17 1962-10-15 Schmiermittel
FR912280A FR1343028A (fr) 1961-10-17 1962-10-15 Composition de graisse lubrifiante
GB38996/62A GB960059A (en) 1961-10-17 1962-10-15 Lubricating grease composition
US383503A US3271309A (en) 1961-10-17 1964-07-17 Grease compositions
BE666946D BE666946A (es) 1961-10-17 1965-07-15
DE19651594590 DE1594590A1 (de) 1961-10-17 1965-07-15 Schmierfettgemisch
NL6509144A NL6509144A (es) 1961-10-17 1965-07-15
GB30077/65A GB1041509A (en) 1961-10-17 1965-07-15 A grease
GB38014/65A GB1100189A (en) 1961-10-17 1965-09-06 Greases
DE19651594594 DE1594594A1 (de) 1961-10-17 1965-09-06 Schmierfettgemisch
FR30526A FR89763E (fr) 1961-10-17 1965-09-06 Composition de graisse lubrifiante
BE669245D BE669245A (es) 1961-10-17 1965-09-06
NL6511631A NL6511631A (es) 1961-10-17 1965-09-07

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US14577161A 1961-10-17 1961-10-17
US383503A US3271309A (en) 1961-10-17 1964-07-17 Grease compositions
US395024A US3370007A (en) 1964-09-08 1964-09-08 Extreme-pressure grease compositions

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3271309A true US3271309A (en) 1966-09-06

Family

ID=27386311

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US383503A Expired - Lifetime US3271309A (en) 1961-10-17 1964-07-17 Grease compositions

Country Status (7)

Country Link
US (1) US3271309A (es)
BE (3) BE666946A (es)
CH (1) CH447443A (es)
DE (3) DE1284012B (es)
FR (1) FR88753E (es)
GB (3) GB960059A (es)
NL (3) NL6509144A (es)

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3344065A (en) * 1965-01-25 1967-09-26 Molykote Produktions G M B H Extreme pressure lubricants
US4156655A (en) * 1978-01-30 1979-05-29 Exxon Research & Engineering Co. Grease composition resistant to salt water corrosion
US4435296A (en) 1981-05-22 1984-03-06 The British Petroleum Company Limited Lubricating grease
US20090325829A1 (en) * 2008-06-27 2009-12-31 Cowan Sandra S Reduced Molybdenum Grease Formulation

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
NZ186808A (en) * 1977-04-06 1979-10-25 Rocol Ltd Lubricant composition containing group ii-a metal carbonate and halogenated organic lubricant

Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2831809A (en) * 1952-11-25 1958-04-22 Shell Dev Onium clay grease containing surface active agent
US2875152A (en) * 1955-12-20 1959-02-24 Shell Dev Process for the preparation of greases gelled with non-soap gelling agents

Family Cites Families (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1204605A (en) * 1916-02-26 1916-11-14 James M Stafford Device for locating and raising sunken vessels.
US2704276A (en) * 1954-02-12 1955-03-15 Gulf Research Development Co Lubricating compositions
FR1282216A (fr) * 1959-12-15 1962-01-19 Exxon Research Engineering Co Procédé de fabrication d'additifs solubles dans les huiles de pétrole

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2831809A (en) * 1952-11-25 1958-04-22 Shell Dev Onium clay grease containing surface active agent
US2875152A (en) * 1955-12-20 1959-02-24 Shell Dev Process for the preparation of greases gelled with non-soap gelling agents

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3344065A (en) * 1965-01-25 1967-09-26 Molykote Produktions G M B H Extreme pressure lubricants
US4156655A (en) * 1978-01-30 1979-05-29 Exxon Research & Engineering Co. Grease composition resistant to salt water corrosion
US4435296A (en) 1981-05-22 1984-03-06 The British Petroleum Company Limited Lubricating grease
US20090325829A1 (en) * 2008-06-27 2009-12-31 Cowan Sandra S Reduced Molybdenum Grease Formulation

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
NL6511631A (es) 1966-03-09
BE669245A (es) 1966-03-07
DE1284012B (de) 1968-11-28
GB1100189A (en) 1968-01-24
GB960059A (en) 1964-06-10
BE623658A (es)
CH447443A (de) 1967-11-30
NL284414A (es)
BE666946A (es) 1966-01-17
DE1594594A1 (de) 1971-04-22
FR88753E (es) 1967-06-07
NL6509144A (es) 1966-01-18
GB1041509A (en) 1966-09-07
DE1594590A1 (de) 1971-06-03

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
US2658869A (en) Grease compositions
EP0778335A2 (en) Grease composition with improved antiwear properties
US2648633A (en) Grease compositions
US2623853A (en) Grease compositions
US4626367A (en) Water-soluble metal-working lubricant composition
CA1099698A (en) Greases containing borate dispersions as extreme- pressure additives
US3271309A (en) Grease compositions
US4517103A (en) Lubricating compositions containing 5,5'-dithiobis(1,3,4-thiadiazole-2-thiol)
US5573696A (en) Oil-soluble phosphorus- and nitrogen-containing additives
US3763042A (en) Clay-thickened grease containing synergistic additive combination
EP0735129B1 (en) Oil-soluble phosphorus- and nitrogen-containing additives
US3396108A (en) Extreme pressure soap and complex thickened greases
US3370007A (en) Extreme-pressure grease compositions
CA1097319A (en) Grease containing borate ep additives
US2831809A (en) Onium clay grease containing surface active agent
US3210274A (en) Process for preparation of oleophilic clay powder thickened fluids
US3431204A (en) Grease compositions
US3510426A (en) Lubricants comprising alkyl phosphites and sulfurized olefins
US2567023A (en) Process of preparing a polyvalent metal soap
US3654171A (en) Water and metal oxides or hydroxides as dispersants for clay-thickened greases
US3227651A (en) Corrosion resistant grease compositions
US4053424A (en) Grease containing synergistic extreme pressure additives
US3663436A (en) Lubricating greases
US2898295A (en) High temperature water resistant lubricating greases
US3909426A (en) Extreme pressure grease composition