US3271153A - Photographic processing baths for stabilization processing - Google Patents
Photographic processing baths for stabilization processing Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US3271153A US3271153A US252305A US25230563A US3271153A US 3271153 A US3271153 A US 3271153A US 252305 A US252305 A US 252305A US 25230563 A US25230563 A US 25230563A US 3271153 A US3271153 A US 3271153A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- percent
- weight
- silver halide
- emulsion
- bath
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 title claims description 14
- 230000006641 stabilisation Effects 0.000 title claims description 9
- 238000011105 stabilization Methods 0.000 title claims description 9
- 239000000839 emulsion Substances 0.000 claims description 35
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 31
- 239000004332 silver Substances 0.000 claims description 31
- -1 SILVER HALIDE Chemical class 0.000 claims description 29
- 230000000087 stabilizing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 21
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphoric acid Chemical class OP(O)(O)=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfurous acid Chemical class OS(O)=O LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910000147 aluminium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000003125 aqueous solvent Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silver Chemical compound [Ag] BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 9
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000010802 sludge Substances 0.000 description 6
- 235000019252 potassium sulphite Nutrition 0.000 description 5
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 5
- BHZRJJOHZFYXTO-UHFFFAOYSA-L potassium sulfite Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[O-]S([O-])=O BHZRJJOHZFYXTO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 4
- 239000001509 sodium citrate Substances 0.000 description 4
- NLJMYIDDQXHKNR-UHFFFAOYSA-K sodium citrate Chemical compound O.O.[Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[O-]C(=O)CC(O)(CC([O-])=O)C([O-])=O NLJMYIDDQXHKNR-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 4
- KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[K+] KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 235000019796 monopotassium phosphate Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 229910000402 monopotassium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- PJNZPQUBCPKICU-UHFFFAOYSA-N phosphoric acid;potassium Chemical compound [K].OP(O)(O)=O PJNZPQUBCPKICU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- ZPWVASYFFYYZEW-UHFFFAOYSA-L dipotassium hydrogen phosphate Chemical compound [K+].[K+].OP([O-])([O-])=O ZPWVASYFFYYZEW-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 235000014666 liquid concentrate Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 150000003013 phosphoric acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- LWIHDJKSTIGBAC-UHFFFAOYSA-K potassium phosphate Substances [K+].[K+].[K+].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O LWIHDJKSTIGBAC-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 2
- GEHJYWRUCIMESM-UHFFFAOYSA-L sodium sulfite Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]S([O-])=O GEHJYWRUCIMESM-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 239000003381 stabilizer Substances 0.000 description 2
- LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-L sulfite Chemical class [O-]S([O-])=O LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 229910019142 PO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-L Phosphate ion(2-) Chemical compound OP([O-])([O-])=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229910021607 Silver chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229940037003 alum Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000084 colloidal system Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000151 deposition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011888 foil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003517 fume Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000004820 halides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- TVHALOSDPLTTSR-UHFFFAOYSA-H hexasodium;[oxido-[oxido(phosphonatooxy)phosphoryl]oxyphosphoryl] phosphate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[O-]P([O-])(=O)OP([O-])(=O)OP([O-])(=O)OP([O-])([O-])=O TVHALOSDPLTTSR-UHFFFAOYSA-H 0.000 description 1
- 238000011065 in-situ storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000004694 iodide salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 231100000252 nontoxic Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000003000 nontoxic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000021317 phosphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229960004838 phosphoric acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 235000011007 phosphoric acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000004848 polyfunctional curative Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- AVTYONGGKAJVTE-OLXYHTOASA-L potassium L-tartrate Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[O-]C(=O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)C([O-])=O AVTYONGGKAJVTE-OLXYHTOASA-L 0.000 description 1
- DJEHXEMURTVAOE-UHFFFAOYSA-M potassium bisulfite Chemical compound [K+].OS([O-])=O DJEHXEMURTVAOE-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 229940099427 potassium bisulfite Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 235000010259 potassium hydrogen sulphite Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229940093932 potassium hydroxide Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 235000011118 potassium hydroxide Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000011009 potassium phosphates Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000001472 potassium tartrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940111695 potassium tartrate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 235000011005 potassium tartrates Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- ADZWSOLPGZMUMY-UHFFFAOYSA-M silver bromide Chemical compound [Ag]Br ADZWSOLPGZMUMY-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- HKZLPVFGJNLROG-UHFFFAOYSA-M silver monochloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[Ag+] HKZLPVFGJNLROG-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010267 sodium hydrogen sulphite Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229940001482 sodium sulfite Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 235000010265 sodium sulphite Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- AKHNMLFCWUSKQB-UHFFFAOYSA-L sodium thiosulfate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=S AKHNMLFCWUSKQB-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 235000019345 sodium thiosulphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 231100000419 toxicity Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000001988 toxicity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 1
- SPOMEWBVWWDQBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K tripotassium;dihydrogen phosphate;hydrogen phosphate Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[K+].OP(O)([O-])=O.OP([O-])([O-])=O SPOMEWBVWWDQBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03C—PHOTOSENSITIVE MATERIALS FOR PHOTOGRAPHIC PURPOSES; PHOTOGRAPHIC PROCESSES, e.g. CINE, X-RAY, COLOUR, STEREO-PHOTOGRAPHIC PROCESSES; AUXILIARY PROCESSES IN PHOTOGRAPHY
- G03C5/00—Photographic processes or agents therefor; Regeneration of such processing agents
- G03C5/26—Processes using silver-salt-containing photosensitive materials or agents therefor
- G03C5/38—Fixing; Developing-fixing; Hardening-fixing
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10S430/00—Radiation imagery chemistry: process, composition, or product thereof
- Y10S430/164—Rapid access processing
Definitions
- the salts from the processing bath must not bridge across laps and thus cause blocking of the processed roll.
- the salts in the final bath must leave no objectionable deposit on the paper or on the drying drum.
- the bath ingredients must not cause stain on the processed paper, and the bath must be stable and give no excessive sludge upon exhaustion.
- the components should be readily available and relatively low in cost, and they should be highly soluble so that the solution can be packaged as a liquid concentrate. Moreover, the bath should give no objectionable odor upon drying (such as S fumes) and the solution should be relatively non-toxic and safe to handle.
- One object of this invention is to provide a stabilizing bath which can be used to omit the washing step following customary processing using a photographic silver halide developer and a fixing agent. Another object is to provide a rapid processing system employing a stabilizing bath which permits rapid drying of the processed photographic aper, does not cause stain on the processed paper, and is relatively free from objectionable odor and toxicity. An additional object is to provide a stabilizing bath containing a relatively high salt content, the salts of which do not bridge across laps and cause blocking of the processed roll, do not leave objectionable depositions on the photographic emulsion or on the drying drum and which give no excessive sludge upon exhaustion. A still further object is to provide a stabilizing bath having components which are readily available, relatively low in cost and which are highly soluble so that the solution can be pack-aged as a liquid concentrate.
- a solution of potassium phosphates and sulfites preferably in combination with an anti-sludging agent.
- a stabilization solution containing about 15 percent by weight of a mixture of dipotassiurn hydrogen phosphate and potassium dihydrogen phosphate, about 15 percent by weight of potassium sulfite, and about 2 percent by weight of sodium citrate.
- a well-known simple silver halide emulsion is employed, for example, which is exposed and then processed in a developer bath for about 10 seconds, in a first stop bath containing a high concentration of hypo for about 10 seconds, in a second stop bath containing :a high concentration of hypo for about 10 seconds and in a stabilizing bath as described above for about 10 seconds.
- a typical stabilizer bath is prepared, for example, as follows:
- KH PO pH 7
- K solution 20 grams sodium citrate Water is used as the solvent, but a water soluble volatile solvent such as ethyl alcohol may be added to the solution to expedite drying where the solvent is not deterimental because of vapor disposing problems.
- potassium salts are preferable, other alkaline metal salts may be substituted in part.
- the limiting factors are the required solubility, freedom from salt bridges, and freedom from drum deposits.
- the total concentration of salt in the stabilizer should be held at 30 percent or above. A lower salt content will result in corresponding slower drying rate.
- anti-sludge agents than sodium citrate may be used such as, for example, sodium tetraphosphate, potassium tartrate, etc.
- the stabilizing bath can be prepared by mixing easily available components which will react together in situ to form the above salts. For instance, phosphoric acid, sodium or potassium bisulfite and potassium hydroxide can be added to the aqueous solution in any order. The phosphate salts and the sulfite salts will then form in the stabilizing bath.
- this stabilizing bath can be used for photographic emulsions on other supports such as commonly used film bases, aluminum foil and the like.
- the term light-sensitive silver halide includes photographic emulsions known in the art as silver chloride, silver bromide, and mixed halide emulsions including iodides, etc.
- the silver halide developer used is not critical, but may be any of those known in the art.
- this stabilization system can be used to stabilize color emulsions as well as those which are used to make prints by the diffusion process, colloid transfer process and the like. It can be used where the hypo or similar fixing agent is present in the emulsion or contiguous layer, applied from .a solution, for example, in ntonobath systems, etc.
- a method of rapid processing light-sensitive silver halide emulsion comprising developing an exposed emulsion with a silver halide developer, fixing with a silver halide solvent to remove unexposed silver halide, and stabilizing by imbibing into the emulsion a stabilizing bath containing about 15-40 percent by weight of a mixture of monoand di-basic salts of phosphoric acid and about 220 percent by Weight of a sulfite salt.
- a method of rapid processing light-sensitive silver halide emulsions comprising developing an exposed emulsion with a silver halide developer, fixing with a silver halide solvent to remove unexposed silver halide and stabilizing by imbibing into the emulsion a stabilizing bat-h containing about 15-40 percent by weight of a mixture of dipotassium hydrogen phosphate and potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 2-20 percent by weight potassium sulfite, and about 3 percent by weight of an anti-sludge agent.
- a method of rapid processing light-sensitive silver halide emulsions comprising developing an exposed emulsion with a silver halide developer, fixing with a silver halide solvent to remove unexposed silver halide and stabilizing by imbibing into the emulsion a stabilizing bath containing about 1540 percent by weight of a mixture of monoand di-basic salts of phosphoric acid, 2-20 percent by weight of a sulfite salt, and about 0-3 percent by Weight of an anti-sludge agent.
- a bath for stabilization of developed and fixed photographic silver halide emulsions comprising about 37 to 83 percent by weight of an aqueous solvent, about 15 to 40 percent by weight of a mixture of dipotassium hydrogen phosphate and potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 2 to 20 percent by weight of potassium sulfite and about 0 to 3 percent by weight sodium citrate.
- a bath for stabilization of developed and fixed photographic silver halide emulsions consisting essentially of about 37 to 83 percent by Weight of an aqueous solvent, about 15 to 40 percent by weight of a mixture of monoand di-basic salts of phosphoric acid, about 2-20 percent by weight of a sulfite salt and up to about three percent of an anti-sludge agent.
Landscapes
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Silver Salt Photography Or Processing Solution Therefor (AREA)
Priority Applications (4)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA700148A CA700148A (en) | 1963-01-18 | Photographic processing baths for stabilization processing | |
| US252305A US3271153A (en) | 1963-01-18 | 1963-01-18 | Photographic processing baths for stabilization processing |
| BE642560A BE642560A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) | 1963-01-18 | 1964-01-15 | |
| GB2486/64A GB1045044A (en) | 1963-01-18 | 1964-01-20 | Methods of photographic processing and solutions therefor |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US252305A US3271153A (en) | 1963-01-18 | 1963-01-18 | Photographic processing baths for stabilization processing |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| US3271153A true US3271153A (en) | 1966-09-06 |
Family
ID=22955464
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| US252305A Expired - Lifetime US3271153A (en) | 1963-01-18 | 1963-01-18 | Photographic processing baths for stabilization processing |
Country Status (4)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US3271153A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) |
| BE (1) | BE642560A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) |
| CA (1) | CA700148A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) |
| GB (1) | GB1045044A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP0186158B1 (en) | 1984-12-25 | 1991-12-11 | Konica Corporation | Method of processing light-sensitive silver halide photographic material |
| US5206119A (en) * | 1988-08-19 | 1993-04-27 | Konica Corporation | Method of processing light-sensitive silver halide color photographic material, and stabilizing solution and stabilizing agent kit used for said light-sensitive material |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE69329173T2 (de) * | 1992-09-24 | 2001-01-11 | Fuji Photo Film Co., Ltd. | Verarbeitungsverfahren für lichtempfindliches silberhalogenidenthaltendes Schwarzweissmaterial |
Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2417514A (en) * | 1940-09-23 | 1947-03-18 | Spectrum Products Company Inc | Method and means for producing colored photographic images |
| GB805174A (en) * | 1956-05-02 | 1958-12-03 | Ilford Ltd | Photographic colour developing composition |
| US2943935A (en) * | 1957-05-15 | 1960-07-05 | Gen Aniline & Film Corp | Stabilization of photographic bleach powders containing an alkali metal ferricyanide |
-
0
- CA CA700148A patent/CA700148A/en not_active Expired
-
1963
- 1963-01-18 US US252305A patent/US3271153A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
1964
- 1964-01-15 BE BE642560A patent/BE642560A/xx unknown
- 1964-01-20 GB GB2486/64A patent/GB1045044A/en not_active Expired
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2417514A (en) * | 1940-09-23 | 1947-03-18 | Spectrum Products Company Inc | Method and means for producing colored photographic images |
| GB805174A (en) * | 1956-05-02 | 1958-12-03 | Ilford Ltd | Photographic colour developing composition |
| US2943935A (en) * | 1957-05-15 | 1960-07-05 | Gen Aniline & Film Corp | Stabilization of photographic bleach powders containing an alkali metal ferricyanide |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP0186158B1 (en) | 1984-12-25 | 1991-12-11 | Konica Corporation | Method of processing light-sensitive silver halide photographic material |
| US5206119A (en) * | 1988-08-19 | 1993-04-27 | Konica Corporation | Method of processing light-sensitive silver halide color photographic material, and stabilizing solution and stabilizing agent kit used for said light-sensitive material |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| BE642560A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) | 1964-05-04 |
| GB1045044A (en) | 1966-10-05 |
| CA700148A (en) | 1964-12-15 |
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