US3267915A - Fired heater - Google Patents

Fired heater Download PDF

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Publication number
US3267915A
US3267915A US463211A US46321165A US3267915A US 3267915 A US3267915 A US 3267915A US 463211 A US463211 A US 463211A US 46321165 A US46321165 A US 46321165A US 3267915 A US3267915 A US 3267915A
Authority
US
United States
Prior art keywords
tubes
header
bar
connectors
row
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US463211A
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Ghetto Kenneth A De
William P Long
Kratsios George
Yeh Shih-Yaun
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Foster Wheeler Inc
Original Assignee
Foster Wheeler Inc
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Foster Wheeler Inc filed Critical Foster Wheeler Inc
Priority to US463211A priority Critical patent/US3267915A/en
Priority to GB18729/66A priority patent/GB1129076A/en
Priority to FR1560216D priority patent/FR1560216A/fr
Priority to ES0327746A priority patent/ES327746A1/es
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US3267915A publication Critical patent/US3267915A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F9/00—Casings; Header boxes; Auxiliary supports for elements; Auxiliary members within casings
    • F28F9/007—Auxiliary supports for elements
    • F28F9/013—Auxiliary supports for elements for tubes or tube-assemblies
    • F28F9/0132—Auxiliary supports for elements for tubes or tube-assemblies formed by slats, tie-rods, articulated or expandable rods
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J8/00—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes
    • B01J8/02—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes with stationary particles, e.g. in fixed beds
    • B01J8/06—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes with stationary particles, e.g. in fixed beds in tube reactors; the solid particles being arranged in tubes
    • B01J8/062—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes with stationary particles, e.g. in fixed beds in tube reactors; the solid particles being arranged in tubes being installed in a furnace
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
    • C10G9/00—Thermal non-catalytic cracking, in the absence of hydrogen, of hydrocarbon oils
    • C10G9/14—Thermal non-catalytic cracking, in the absence of hydrogen, of hydrocarbon oils in pipes or coils with or without auxiliary means, e.g. digesters, soaking drums, expansion means
    • C10G9/18—Apparatus
    • C10G9/20—Tube furnaces
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D7/00—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary tubular conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall
    • F28D7/16—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary tubular conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall the conduits being arranged in parallel spaced relation
    • F28D7/163—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary tubular conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall the conduits being arranged in parallel spaced relation with conduit assemblies having a particular shape, e.g. square or annular; with assemblies of conduits having different geometrical features; with multiple groups of conduits connected in series or parallel and arranged inside common casing
    • F28D7/1653—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary tubular conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall the conduits being arranged in parallel spaced relation with conduit assemblies having a particular shape, e.g. square or annular; with assemblies of conduits having different geometrical features; with multiple groups of conduits connected in series or parallel and arranged inside common casing the conduit assemblies having a square or rectangular shape
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F2265/00—Safety or protection arrangements; Arrangements for preventing malfunction
    • F28F2265/26—Safety or protection arrangements; Arrangements for preventing malfunction for allowing differential expansion between elements

Definitions

  • Another object is to provide a fired heater having a tube to header connection of more economical and improved construction.
  • an enclosure provides a chamber into which hot gases and flame are injected by burners projecting into the chamber through the enclosure.
  • Vertical tubes are suspended within the chamber and extend slightly beneath the bottom of the chamber.
  • Connectors extend from the sides of the tubes at a point a short distance above their lower ends directly to the header. Above the point of intersection with the connectors, but in its general vicinity is a horizontal bar which is in contact with the tubes and expands at a rate approximately equal to the thermal expansion rate of the header thereby bowing the vertical tubes apart and eliminating the stress of the connectors caused by the thermal expansion of the header.
  • FIGURE 1 is a side elevation partially in cross section of a fired heater utilizing the invention and having a double row of tubes.
  • FIGURE 2 is an enlarged view of the lower portion of FIGURE 1.
  • FIGURE 3 is a' cross-sectional view taken along line 3-3 of FIGURE 2.
  • FIGURE 4 is a cross-sectional view taken along line 4 4 of FIGURE 2.
  • FIGURE 5 is a view similar to FIGURE 2 of a fired heater utilizing the invention and having a single row of tubes.
  • FIGURE 6 is a cross-sectional view taken along line 6-6 of FIGURE 5.
  • FIGURE 7 is a cross-sectional view taken along line 77 of FIGURE 6.
  • FIGURE 8 is a cross-sectional view taken along line 88 of FIGURE 6.
  • an enclosure 21 forms a chamber 23.
  • the enclosure 21 is formed of multilayers of insulating and structural material. Extending upward from the chamber 23 is a convection compartment 25 in which atmosphere.
  • tubes 41 Extending from slightly above the arch opening 33 to below the lower end of the lower extension 37 are tubes 41 which are vertically oriented.
  • the tubes 41 are placed in FIGURES 1 and 2 along two rows; namely, a first row 43 and a second row 45.
  • FIGURE 5 only one row of tubes 41 is utilized.
  • a lower header 42 is located within the header space 40 with its longitudinal axis disposed horizontally at approximately right angles to the longitudinal axis of the tubes 41.
  • the header is mounted on a support casting 44 which has a longitudinal groove 46 therein.
  • a bracket 48 extending from the header 42 fits into the groove 46 thereby permitting longitudinal expansion of the header 42.
  • the upper and lower ends of all the tubes 41 have removable caps 47 connected to them. The caps 47 are required to insert and remove catalyst 48 (FIGURE 5) from within the tubes.
  • Catalyst support cones 51 are located at the lower end within each tube 41 to support, as their name implies, the catalyst 48 within the tubes 41.
  • the tubes 41 are shown supported by a weight and pulley arrangement 49 but other equipment such as springs or a fulcrum are also applicable.
  • the weight and pulley arrangement 48 is supported by a structural frame 53 which also supports the entire unit including the enclosure 21 and convection compartment 25.
  • Connectors 55 extend directly along the shortest distance between the tubes 41 and the lower header 42.
  • the connectors 55 as shown in FIGURES l and 2 include first connectors 57 which join the first row of tubes 43 with the lower header 42 and second connectors 59 which join the second row of tubes 45 with the lower header 42.
  • the connectors 55 Prior to this invention, the connectors 55 would have had to be extremely long and looped down from the tubes 41 and back up to the header 42. This is because, in operation, the lower header 42 expands horizontally thus requiring the connectors between the tubes 41 and the header 42 to be flexible.
  • An upper header 50 supported by a flexible assembly such as a spring (not shown) supplies the fluid to be heated through upper connectors 56 to the tubes 41 near their upper ends.
  • the upper connectors 56 include first connectors 58 to join the first row of tubes 43 near their upper ends with the upper header 50 and second connectors 60 to join the second row of tubes 45 near their upper ends with the upper header 50. Since the connectors 56 are sufliciently flexible to accommodate the thermal expansion of the header 50, growth of the tubes 41 along their longitudinal axis is'compensated for by the upward movement permitted by the weight and pulley arrangement 48 and the flexible assembly which supports the header 50.
  • a metallic bar 61 having an expansion rate similar to the header 42 is placed in contact with and between the tubes 41 a short distance above the point where the leads 55 connect with the tubes 41.
  • the bar 61 is formed of sections 63 each having, for example, four indentations 65 therein.
  • a ridge 66 is located along the edge of the sections 63 opposite the indentations 65.
  • the indentations 65 are shaped to fit about slightly more than half the cross-sectional area of the tubes 41.
  • the sections 63 are fitted end on end and secured together by bolts 67. In this way, a first halt-bar 69 and a second half-bar 71 are formed.
  • the first half-bar 69 is fastened to the second half-bar 71 by linking members '73.
  • the linking members 73 are secured to the sections 63 by pins 75.
  • Pairs of lugs 77 (FIGURE 2) are secured to selected tubes, preferably the tube at each end of a section 63.
  • the ridge 66 sets between each pair of lugs 77.
  • rods 80 welded to the structural frame 53 serve to secure the tubes 41 in the center of their respective row to prevent expansion taking place in only one direction and cause the expansion to be in both directions from the center tubes.
  • Lugs 82 are secured to the tubes 41, but only rest on the frame 53 to prevent vertical movement downward.
  • Pins 85 are placed through holes 87 in the overlapping webs 84-. The pins 85 are retained in place by lengths of wire 89 fitted through an opening provided in each pin 85 and then bent.
  • Bolts 91 extending through extensions 93 on the webs 84 connect the sections 81 end to end.
  • the sections 81 have outside edge ridges 95 and inside web ridges 97 to add structural strength to the sections 81. Lugs 99 are located on both sides of every other tube and fit into openings 100 in the sections 81 to support the bar 61.
  • the two center tubes in the row are welded to rods 121 which are welded at their opposite ends to the structural frame 73.
  • a fired heater comprising:
  • each tube located in a common plane within said chamber, the longitudinal axis of each tube being parallel to the longitudinal axis of the other tubes;
  • a header located in a plane parallel to said plane of said row of tubes and having its longitudinal axis at approximately right angles to the longitudinal axis of said tubes;
  • a fired heater comprising:
  • the longitudinal axis of said header being at approximately right angles to the longitudinal axis of said tubes;
  • a fired heater comprising:
  • each row being in a common plane and both planes being parallel to one another;
  • a header located adjacent the lower ends of said tubes, the longitudinal axis of said header being at approxi mately right angles to the longitudinal axis of said tubes;
  • each bar is formed in section having indentations in one edge of a configuration similar to the outside cross-sectional area of slightly more than half a tube.
  • a fired heater according to claim 4 wherein said means for retaining said bars in place includes lugs welded to said tubes.
  • a fired heater according to claim 4 wherein said means for retaining said bars in place includes lugs welded to said tubes and linking members extending from one bar to the other.

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Geometry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Exhaust Gas After Treatment (AREA)
  • Heat-Exchange Devices With Radiators And Conduit Assemblies (AREA)
US463211A 1965-06-11 1965-06-11 Fired heater Expired - Lifetime US3267915A (en)

Priority Applications (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US463211A US3267915A (en) 1965-06-11 1965-06-11 Fired heater
GB18729/66A GB1129076A (en) 1965-06-11 1966-04-28 Process fluid heater
FR1560216D FR1560216A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1965-06-11 1966-05-16
ES0327746A ES327746A1 (es) 1965-06-11 1966-06-10 Un aparato calentador de llama.

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US463211A US3267915A (en) 1965-06-11 1965-06-11 Fired heater

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3267915A true US3267915A (en) 1966-08-23

Family

ID=23839288

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US463211A Expired - Lifetime US3267915A (en) 1965-06-11 1965-06-11 Fired heater

Country Status (4)

Country Link
US (1) US3267915A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
ES (1) ES327746A1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
FR (1) FR1560216A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
GB (1) GB1129076A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3361118A (en) * 1966-04-08 1968-01-02 Selas Corp Of America Tube heater
US3630176A (en) * 1969-07-17 1971-12-28 Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd Tube furnace for heating
US4570703A (en) * 1982-02-08 1986-02-18 The United States Of America As Represented By The United States Department Of Energy Tube support grid and spacer therefor
EP1295930A1 (en) * 2001-09-19 2003-03-26 China Petroleum & Chemical Corporation Pyrolysis furnace with new type radiant tubes arrangement and method of its operation and usage
CN104560114A (zh) * 2013-10-29 2015-04-29 中国石油化工股份有限公司 一种双段供热结构的乙烯裂解炉

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH0762135B2 (ja) * 1991-10-31 1995-07-05 千代田化工建設株式会社 管式加熱炉及びその燃焼制御方法

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3062197A (en) * 1959-07-23 1962-11-06 Selas Corp Of America Tube heater
US3172739A (en) * 1962-02-06 1965-03-09 Koniewiez
US3195989A (en) * 1962-07-09 1965-07-20 Foster Wheeler Corp Integral tube furnace and oxidizer

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3062197A (en) * 1959-07-23 1962-11-06 Selas Corp Of America Tube heater
US3172739A (en) * 1962-02-06 1965-03-09 Koniewiez
US3195989A (en) * 1962-07-09 1965-07-20 Foster Wheeler Corp Integral tube furnace and oxidizer

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3361118A (en) * 1966-04-08 1968-01-02 Selas Corp Of America Tube heater
US3630176A (en) * 1969-07-17 1971-12-28 Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd Tube furnace for heating
US4570703A (en) * 1982-02-08 1986-02-18 The United States Of America As Represented By The United States Department Of Energy Tube support grid and spacer therefor
EP1295930A1 (en) * 2001-09-19 2003-03-26 China Petroleum & Chemical Corporation Pyrolysis furnace with new type radiant tubes arrangement and method of its operation and usage
CN104560114A (zh) * 2013-10-29 2015-04-29 中国石油化工股份有限公司 一种双段供热结构的乙烯裂解炉
CN104560114B (zh) * 2013-10-29 2016-06-22 中国石油化工股份有限公司 一种双段供热结构的乙烯裂解炉

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ES327746A1 (es) 1967-03-16
GB1129076A (en) 1968-10-02
FR1560216A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1969-03-21

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