US326550A - dyott - Google Patents

Description

(No Model.) I 2 Shets-Sheet 1-.

' M. B. 810; G. DYQTT.

GAS 0R VAPOR BURNER. No. 326,550. H Patent ed Sept. 22,1885.

0mm Cm 51W 20% 15 2 Sheets-Sheet 2.

(No Model.)

M. B. & 0; e. DYOTT. .GAS OR VAPOR BURNER.

Patented Sept. 22,1885.

N. PEIERS. MW. wm m. no

NITED STATES FFICE.

PATENT MICHAEL B. DYOTT AND CHARLES G. DYOTT, OF PHILADELPHIA, PA.

GAS OR VAPOR BURNER.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No.326,550, dated September 22, 1885.

Application filed October 2, 1884. (No model.)

To all whom, it may concern.-

Be it known that we, lVIIOHAEL B. Dvorr and CHARLES G. DYor'r, both citizens of the United States, and residents of Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, haveinvented certain Improvements in Lamps and Lanterns, of which the following is a specification.

The object of our invention is to construct an economical lamp for gas, oil, or vapor, whereby a brilliant and steady white flame will be produced without the aid of an extended chimney or other draft apparatus, and the escape of unconsumed products of combustion from the lamp will be prevented.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure 1, Sheet 1, is a longitudinal section of our improved lamp as constructed for using gas; Fig. 2, Sheet 2, is a plan view of the same; Fig. 3, a sectional view of the lamp constructed for using oil with a wick, and Fig.

4 a sectional view of a vapor-lamp constructed in accordance with our invention.

In the lamp shown in Fig. 1, A is the gassupply pipe, which is connected at the upper end to a hollow casing, B, provided with a number of jet-tubes, a, from the mouths of which gas issues so as to form a continuous annular flame. Surrounding the gas-pipe of the burner thus constructed are two annular casings, D and F, inclosing two chambers, D and F, and to the lower end of each of these chambers air can gain access through a slotted casing, I), and perforated screen, d. The chamber D surrounds the gas pipe and tubes, and air rising through this chamber is brought into contact with the gas immediately as it issues from the mouths of the said tubes. Air rising through the outer chamber, F, strikes the deflector f at the upper end of the casing F, and is projected inwardly against the flame at a point above the mouths of the burner-tubes.

Secured to the casing B is the stem 9 of a block, G, of porcelain or other refractory material capable of reflecting the light of the gas-flame, this block occupying a central position within the annular body of flame, which is thereby deflected outward, so as to assume .the position, or substantially the position,

shown in Fig, 1.

A transparent globe, I-I, rests upon ashoul-' der upon the casing F, and the upper portion of this globe is closed by the contracted lower end, h, of a casing, I, in which is a central opening surrounded by a flange, i, and to the latter is adapted a tube, J, which can be adjusted vertically, the snug fit of the tube to the flange holding it in any desired position; or any suitable locking or retaining device may be employed for this purpose. The tube is so adjusted as to cover and hide from view the ragged upper edge of the flaine 00, so that the surface of flame presented to view is steady and unbroken, and has a sharply-defined upper and lower edge.

The adjustable tube is preferred, in order to adapt the burner to different heights of flame; but where the height of flame is always the same the tube may be dispensed with, the upper edge of the flame entering the central opening in the lower end, h, of the casing I.

Within the casing I are two tubes, K and M, each having a flaring mouth, K M, and above the tube M is a chamber, P, connected at the upper end by lateral pipes or passages P with an annular chamber, S, surrounding the casing I, and connected at the lower end through pipesT T with the chamber F of the burner. The products of combustion passing up through the tube J are directed by the tube K and its flaring mouth into the flaring mouth M of the tube M, and up through the latter into the chamber P, from which they escape into the annular chamber S, and thence pass down through the pipes T into the chamber F, mingling there with the air that enters the lower end of said chamber, andpassing with said air up through the chamber, so that a highly-heated mixture of air and unconsumed products of combustion is thrown by the deflector f into the flame x, and is thereby consumed, the air supplying the oxygen necessary for combustion, and this addition to the volume of the flame serving to increase the brightness of the latter.

The tubes K and M,with their flaring mouths, serve as an ejector, so that the products of combustion are thrown forcibly into the chamber P, and thence directed to the casing Sand pipes T; and in order to prevent any tendency to back draft the tube M projects some dis- ICO,

tance above the bottom of the said, chamber P. The tube K may, if desired, be dispensed with, and the products of combustion discharged directly into the flaring mouth of the tube M; but the use of both tubes is preferred. We have found that when the products of combustion are discharged from the tube M into a distributing-chamber, P, of larger area than said tube a better flow of the products of combustion is effected than in the absence of this enlarged chamber.

It is advisable to place within the cham-- bers D and F of the burner perforated partitions 3 y, as shown in Fig. 1, for the purpose of equalizing the draft through these chambers and preventing irregularity in the light due to the action of sudden blasts or gusts upon the flame.

The pipes T are made in two parts, the upper part of each pipe having a projection, T, fitting into the lower portion, and one of these projections is longer than the other, so that the upper structure of the lamp can be lifted until one pipe is free, and the lower portion, h, of the casing I is withdrawn from the globe H, whereupon the entire upper structure can be swung around on the other pipe T as a pivot to permit access to the burner.

The modifications shown in Figs. 3 and 4 are substantially similar to the lamp just described, with the exception that in Fig. 3 the burner has an annular wick-chamber communicating with the oil-reservoir, and inverted cones are used in place of the pipes with flaring mouths shown in Fig. 1.

In Fig. 4 the lamp is constructed for the vaporization of oil, and the central block, G, is made hollow to serve the purpose of a retort, the oil entering the latter from the valved upper end of the pipe 1), and the vapor from the retort passing down through the annular passage t to the hollow casing 13, from which it passes through the burner-tubes a.

The cool air which is caused to pass up through the chamber D, and in contact with the pipe A, casing B, and burner-tubes a,serves to prevent the heating of the gas, as such heating is inadvisable in our lamp, any gas which is not consumed being brought back to the burner, and, after being properly mixed with air, projected into the flame, so that its combustion is assured.

In the claims we use the term burnerbody to indicate the annular row of burnertubes a; but it will be evident that an annular ring or chamber, with perforations at the upper end, is the equivalent of the annular tubes, and this is included in the term burner-body. We prefer in all cases, however, to convey the gas' first into the hollow casing B, for when the central deflecting-block, G, is used the flame is spread and thinned out to such an extent that any inequality in the flame becomes readily noticeable; hence the importance of a uniform flow of gas from the burner-body. This uniformity we insure by the use of the hollow casing B, which receives upper and lower casings, I and F, the.

the gas from a central pipe, equidistant from all of the burner-tubes, so that there is no greater flow of gas to one than to another of said tubes, the same result being attained when an annular distribution-chamber takes the place of the annular row of tubes.

We claim as our invention- 1. The combination of the burner-body, the deflecting-block G, and the adjustable upper tube, J, as set forth.

2. The combination of the burner-body, the chamber around the same, a collecting-chamber, the casing of which is constructedto receive and hide the upper edge of the flame, and a passage from said collecting-chamber to the chamber around the burner-body, as set forth.

3. The combination of the burner-body, the chamber around the same, a collectin2-chamber, the casing of which is constructed toreceive and hide the upper edge of the flame, a globe, H, forming with the upper and lower casings a closedflame-chamber, and apessage between the upper collectingechamberand the chamber around the burner-body, asset forth.

4. The combination of the burner-body,.the deflector. G, the chamber around the. burner body, a collecting-chamber, the casing of which is constructed to receive and hide the upper edge of the flame, and a passage between said collecting-chamber and the chamber around the burner-body, as specified.

5. The combination of the burner-body,.the chamber around the same, a collecting-chem, ber above the burner, a passage between the two chambers, and an inlet for air to. thechamher around the burner-body, as set forth.

6. The combination of the burner-body, the chamber F around the same, an air-chamber between said chamber F and the burner-body, a collecting-chamber above the burner, and a passage between said colleetingrchamber. and the chamber F, as set forth.

7. The combination of the burner.-body,.the chambers D and F, surrounding thesame, the collectingchamber above the burner, a passage between said chamber and the chem, ber F, and an air-inlet to both ofthe chembers D F, as specified.

8. The combination of the burner-body, the chamber F around the same, the upper. chem ber, P, communicating with said chamber-F, and a pipe for collecting the products of combustion and directing them into the chamber 1?, the discharge end of said pipe being of less area than the chamber, as set forth.-

9. The combination of the burner-body,.the chamber F around the same, the colleeti' 1 chamber above the burner, tubesKland. within the collecting-chamber, and a. between said chamber andthe chamber. F5, set forth.

10. The combination of the burner-body, the

H, interposed between the two, and the tubes T, each made in two parts, connected by a slip- In testimony whereof we have signed our joint, so as to permit the separation of the names to this specification in the presence of same for the removal of the globe, as set forth. two subscribing witnesses.

11. The combination of the burner-body, the

5 upper and lower casings, I and F, communi- MICHAEL B. DYOTT. eating with each other, the hollow deflecting- CHARLES G. DYOTT. retort G, and pipes or passages for supplying oil to said deflecting-retort and for conveying Witnesses:

the vapor or gas therefrom to the burner-body, JOHN M. CLAYTON, 10 as set forth. HARRY SMITH.

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