US3264486A - Ignition system - Google Patents
Ignition system Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US3264486A US3264486A US327900A US32790063A US3264486A US 3264486 A US3264486 A US 3264486A US 327900 A US327900 A US 327900A US 32790063 A US32790063 A US 32790063A US 3264486 A US3264486 A US 3264486A
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- Prior art keywords
- winding
- magneto
- battery
- circuit
- output
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02P—IGNITION, OTHER THAN COMPRESSION IGNITION, FOR INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES; TESTING OF IGNITION TIMING IN COMPRESSION-IGNITION ENGINES
- F02P1/00—Installations having electric ignition energy generated by magneto- or dynamo- electric generators without subsequent storage
Definitions
- This invention relates to a magneto ignition circuit system and more particularly to certain improvements in iagneto ignition circuit systems of the type utilizing a saturable reactor means for limiting the level of the ignition discharge voltages applied to the igniter gaps of the system at the higher operational speeds of the magneto rotor.
- This invention is related to the application of Henry B. Gersoni, Serial No. 136,599, led September '7, 1961, for Magneto Ignition Circuit.
- the magneto output winding is shunted by ⁇ a circuit breaker device which is periodically opened at a predetermined optimum fiux changing position of the magneto rotor thereby causing a voltage to be induced in the output winding.
- the magneto winding in these conventional systems is coupled via a suitable distributor and stepaup voltage means to the igniter gaps causing a discharge voltage of appropriate level to appear across and breakdown the particular gaps to which it is coupled at the time the circuit breaker is open.
- the output level of the magneto is proportional to the speed of the rotor and, consequently, at the higher speeds the discharge voltage levels are far in excess of that required to re the igniter gaps thereby causing the detrimental effects stated in the aforesaid Gersoni application such as accelerated deterioration of the circuit breaker contacts, for example.
- These effects are substantially mitigated and/ or eliminate-d by the Gersoni invention, as explained in his aforementioned application, by providing a saturable reactor having -a square loop hysteresis characteristic that is coupled in a parallel coupling relationship with the output winding of the magneto.
- the saturable reactor is readily saturated by the corresponding relatively higher output level voltages of the magneto and as a result the impe-dance of the inductor is lowered so yas to short circuit effectively some of the energy output of the magneto winding thereby limiting or reducing the available discharge voltage applied to the particular igniter gaps to which it is connected at the time.
- the saturable inductor is adapted to remain in an unsaturated condition and hence the output of the magneto is applied substantially undiminished to the igniter gap to be tired.
- the level provided by the magneto output must be large enough to fire the igniter gap within the predetermined contemplated operational speed range of the magneto rotor.
- the present invention comprises a magneto ignition circuit system, similar to that described by the Gersoni application, which further provides utilization means for utilizing the output generated by the magneto in excess of that required by the ignition system.
- the magneto, voltage step-up means, discharge gaps, and discharge voltage-limiting means in the system disclosed herein are essenti-ally the same as those disclosed in the aforementioned Gersoni application.
- the magneto ignition circuit system there is combined in 3,254,186 Patented August 2, 1966 ice the magneto ignition circuit system, means to utilize the current generated by the magneto in excess of the ignition requirements to charge a battery.
- the battery in turn is utilized for boosting or supplementing the magneto in the starting and low speed ranges thereof.
- the invention has among its objects the provision of a novel magneto ignition circuit of the type wherein the discharge voltage is limited in the higher speed range of the magneto, such system including utilization means for utilizing the output developed by the magneto in excess of that required for ignition purposes.
- Another object of the invention resides in the provision, 1n a system of the type above indicated, of means for charging a battery by such excess current.
- a further object of the invention lies in the provision, in a system of the type indicated immediately above, of a novel circuit arrangement whereby the battery may be selectively used for boosting or supplementing the output of the magneto and thereby reduce the lower limit of the operational speed range of the system.
- the single gure of the drawing is a schematic diagram of a preferred embodiment of the magneto ignition circuit system of the invention.
- a magneto 10 comprising output winding 11, core 12, and the magnetic field producing element or rotor 13. Coupled in parallel with the output winding 11 is an arcreducing condenser 14. Circuit breaker 15, having stationary contact 15a and movable contact 15b associated therewith, is also adapted to be coupled in parallel with the output winding 11 when the switching means, indicated generally by the reference numeral 16, is in a predetermined appropriate position as explained more fully hereinafter.
- the magneto ignition system is shown as a four gap ignition system which comprises a compatible distributor 17 having four angularly spaced electrodes 18 and a center electrode 19 of the rotatable ⁇ distributor finger 2t).
- Each electrode 18 is adapted to be coupled to suitable voltage step-up means illustrated as a voltage step-up transformer comprising primary and secondary windings 21a an-d 2lb, respectively, which -are grounded at their common junction 21e as shown in the flgure.
- Each of the secondary windings 21h is shunted across an igniter gap 22, the latter being shown as grounded ⁇ at 22a.
- each primary winding 21a will be pla-ced in parallel coupling relationship with the magneto winding 11 when the respective electrode 18 is in contact with the linger 20.
- each of the igniter gaps may, if desired, be associated with a common step-up voltage means by suitable modification of the circuit.
- the upper end of winding 11 could be coupled, by positioning the -arm 24b of switch 24 to engage the contact 24C, to the upper end of the primary winding 25a of the common step-up transformer 25.
- the other end of the primary winding 25a of transformer 25 ⁇ is grounded at the junction 25e and coupled to the lower end of secondary winding 25h.
- the upper end of the secondary winding 2517 of transformer 25 is coupled to the center electrode 26 of the rotatable distributor linger 27 of distributor 28 which is illustrated in the g-ure as being of the type having a gap between the electrodes 29 and finger 27.
- Each of the electrodes 29 of distributor 2S is coupled to an igniter gap 30, which is illustrated as being grounded.
- the igniter gaps coupled to the electrodes 29 located on the left side of distributor 28 are not shown in detail but are illustrated in block 4form as blocks 31.
- the elements contained in blocks 3.1 are identical to the elements shown in the blocks 31', the latter being illustrated in broken outlines. In this manner, the igniter gaps of blocks 31, 31 are commonly coupled via distributor 28 to a single step-up transformer 25.
- a saturable reactor 32 which limits the level of the ignition discharge voltages applied to the igniter gaps of the system at the higher operational speed in ⁇ a manner as substantially disclosed in the aforesaid Gersoni application.
- a utilization means is provided for utilizing the output developed by the magneto which is in excess of that required for ignition pur-poses.
- the utilization means may comprise, for example, a circuit for powering a light and/ or powering an indicator and/or powering a radio and/ or charging a battery.
- the utilization means 33 comprises a circuit for charging Ia battery 34 with the magneto output in a manner hereinafter described.
- the -last mentioned circuit comprises rectifier means, illustrated, by way of example only, as two half wave rectiiiers 36 and 37 in the form of a pair of parallel inversely connected diodes, the battery 34 being serially connected in the branch containing diode 36.
- the parallel connected branches are connected via resistor 38 to the saturable inductor 32.
- the battery 34 is adapted to be charged by the magneto output.
- the battery 34 is adapted to be coupled to the magneto winding 11 and thereby raise the level of the magneto voltage at the lower operating speeds of the rotor 13 by appropriate positioning of the switching means 16 as hereinafter explained.
- the magneto rotor 13 is geared to the engine shaft, not shown, of the engine utilizing the ignition system and is coupled via the shaft indicated by the dash line 39 to the cam 40 which operates the circuit breaker 15.
- Switching means 16 are illustrtaed by way of example as comprising three mechanically interconnected switches 41, 42, 43, each having three switching positions I, II,
- arms 41d, 42d, and 43d are connected to the cam operated contact I15b of breaker 15, the grounded side of winding 11 of magneto 10, 4and the saturable inductor 32, respectively.
- Contacts 41b and 41C are connected to the grounded side of winding 11 and the positive terminal of battery 34, respectively.
- Contacts 42a and 43h are connected to the upper side of winding 11.
- the switching means 16 When the switching means 16 is in the position designated I, the circuit breaker 15, ⁇ battery 34 and saturable inductor are disconnected from the winding 1.1 and the system is in the off condition which is preferably chosen to correspond to the off condition for the engine utilizing the ignition system of the figure.
- a bleed-off resistor may be serially connected between the conductor 45 and contact 42a to discharge the condenser 14 should there be any residual charge remaining thereon cause-d, for example, by suddenly returning the system to the off position before the ⁇ charge on condenser 14 can be dissipated.
- the system In the switching position designated II, the system is in the on or running condition and corresponds to the on condition for the engine.
- the circuit breaker 15 In this position II, the circuit breaker 15 is connected across the output of winding 11, and the saturable inductor 32, via the series connected resistor 33 ⁇ and utilization means or circuit 33 is also connected across the output of winding 11.
- the rotor 13 In that position II the rotor 13 is driven by the engine shaft, not shown, causing an output voltage proportional to the speed of rotor to appear at the output of winding 11.
- the output of coil 11 is applied directly, depending on the relative position of switch 24, to either the contact 19 of distributor 17 or the upper end of the primary winding 25a, and in either case ⁇ if the speed of the rotor is sufficient to provide an output voltage having a level llarge enough to cause firing of the particular gap connected at the time thereto, then ignition will occur thereat when the breaker contacts open.
- the inductor 32 is rapidly saturated causing some of the excess of the output power of the winding 11 to be short circuited and thereby limits the level of the voltage and hence power output of winding 11 applied to the contact 19 or winding 25a, as the case may be, the level being sufficient however to cause the particular gap to be fired.
- This excess power is utilized by utilization means 33 ⁇ and in the preferred embodiment is utilized to charge the battery 34.
- Diode 36 is poled to pass the positive half cycles of the excess A.C. voltage and current to the battery 34 and block the negative half cycles thereto.
- Diode 37 permits the negative half cycles to by-pass the battery 34.
- the battery 34 is serially connected to the circuit breaker 15 and this series combination is shunted across the output of winding 11 and inductor 32 is disconnected from the circuit.
- the third position III is preferably chosen to correspond substantially to the relatively lower operational speed condition of the rotor 13 which in the absence of the battery 34 would produce an output voltage in the winding 11 insuihcient to cause firing of the particular gap t-o which it was connected at the same -time the breaker contacts a, 15b are opened.
- w-hen the contacts 15a, 15b are closed a D.C. current from ⁇ battery 34 is superimposed on the A.C. current in the winding 11, the A.C. current being induced Aby the rotating member 13.
- the breaker contacts 15a, 15b open an output voltage from winding 11 having a level suicient t-o cause firing of the particular ga-p to which it is coupled is thus provided.
- the saturable reactor 32 in the illustrative embodiment takes the form of a coil having a saturable core with substantially square loop hysteresis characteristics.
- the core of such coil may, for example, be made of material which is sold commercially under the name Toroid Delta-Max.
- a typical such coil employed in a circuit similar to that shown in the figure but with an S-Cylinder magneto having an output of 14 kv. at 300 r.p.rn., a satisfactory coil has 180 turns of #21 wire wound on a Delta-Max core IT5233.
- the condenser 14 may have, for example, a capacity of .74 mfd., and the resistor 38 may have a resistance of 178 ohms, with a current carrying capacity of 1 watt.
- the ignition circuit in accordance with the invention displays advantages not only by reason of its use of a discharge voltage limiting reactor 'but by reason of its conservation of the excess current generated -by the magneto which otherwise would be wasted.
- the system makes possible the provision or" a self-contained ignition system which includes its own booster Ibattery and automatically maintains the battery in charged condition.
- An ignition circuit comprising a magneto having a winding, breaker contacts connected across the winding, at least one set of electrodes constituting a discharge gap connected to the winding to be energized thereby, and a saturable reactor and a load connected in series across the winding in parallel with the breaker contacts and with the connection between said winding and said discharge gap.
- An ignition circuit comprising a magneto having a winding, breaker contacts connected across the winding, at least one set of electrodes constituting a discharge gap connected to the winding to be energized thereby, and a circuit having a saturable reactor and a load in series therewith adapte-d to be connected across the winding in parallel with the breaker contacts, the said circuit including a rectifier for delivering rectified current to the load.
- An ignition circuit comprising a plurality of sets of electrodes constituting discharge gaps, wherein there is a voltage step-up transformer in series with each discharge gap, and comprising a distributor interposed between the winding of the magneto and the step-up transformers.
- An ignition circuit comprising a plurality of sets of electrodes constituting discharge gaps, wherein there is a common voltage step-up transformer connected to said magneto winding for said discharge gaps, and comprising a distributor interposed between said voltage step-up transformer and said plurality of sets of electrodes.
- An ignition circuit comprising a magneto having a winding, breaker contacts connected across the winding, at least one set of electrodes constituting a discharge gap connected to the winding to be energized thereby, a circuit having therein a saturable reactor, a rectifier, and a battery connected in series, means selectively to connect said circuit across the winding in parallel with the breaker contacts and to disconnect it therefrom, and further means selectively to connect the battery to the winding of ⁇ the magneto so as to increase the current flow therein.
- An ignition circuit comprising at least one discharge gap, a magneto having rotor means and winding means to provide an output voltage proportional to the speed of said rotor means, circuit breaker means connected across said winding means and adapted to be open for at least one predetermined angular position of such rotor means, means to connect said discharge gap to said winding means whenever said rotor means is in said predetermined position, saturable reactor means connected to said winding means in a parallel relationship and adapted to be saturate-d whenever the level of said output voltage is in predetermined excess of that required to discharge said gap, and utilization means connected to said saturable reactor means to utilize the saturation current thereof.
- the saturable reactor means comprises a saturable core and a winding magnetically coupled thereto, said core having a substantially square loop hysteresis characteristic.
- circuit means comprises a rectifier interposed between said saturable reactor means and said battery for delivering a rectified current to said battery.
- An ignition circuit according to claim 13, comprising selective switching means having at least one position for connecting said battery of said utilization means to said circuit breaker means to supplement the discharge potential applied to said gap and another position for connecting said utilization means and said saturable yreactor across said winding means.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Ignition Installations For Internal Combustion Engines (AREA)
Description
Claims (1)
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US327900A US3264486A (en) | 1963-12-04 | 1963-12-04 | Ignition system |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US327900A US3264486A (en) | 1963-12-04 | 1963-12-04 | Ignition system |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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US3264486A true US3264486A (en) | 1966-08-02 |
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ID=23278569
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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US327900A Expired - Lifetime US3264486A (en) | 1963-12-04 | 1963-12-04 | Ignition system |
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Country | Link |
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US (1) | US3264486A (en) |
Citations (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US1368946A (en) * | 1921-02-15 | Electrical systehl | ||
US2392192A (en) * | 1946-01-01 | Ignition system | ||
US2413948A (en) * | 1947-01-07 | Ignition system | ||
US2515370A (en) * | 1950-07-18 | hooven | ||
US2527211A (en) * | 1950-10-24 | Ignition system | ||
US2571788A (en) * | 1949-06-09 | 1951-10-16 | Bendix Aviat Corp | Electrical apparatus |
US2940013A (en) * | 1960-06-07 | Ignition system |
-
1963
- 1963-12-04 US US327900A patent/US3264486A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Patent Citations (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US1368946A (en) * | 1921-02-15 | Electrical systehl | ||
US2392192A (en) * | 1946-01-01 | Ignition system | ||
US2413948A (en) * | 1947-01-07 | Ignition system | ||
US2515370A (en) * | 1950-07-18 | hooven | ||
US2527211A (en) * | 1950-10-24 | Ignition system | ||
US2940013A (en) * | 1960-06-07 | Ignition system | ||
US2571788A (en) * | 1949-06-09 | 1951-10-16 | Bendix Aviat Corp | Electrical apparatus |
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Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
AS | Assignment |
Owner name: HOUSEHOLD COMMERCIAL FINANCIAL SERVICES, INC. Free format text: SECURITY INTEREST;ASSIGNOR:UNISON INDUSTRIES LIMITED PARTNERSHIP;REEL/FRAME:005012/0090 Effective date: 19890106 Owner name: IGNITION PRODUCTS CORPORATION Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST.;ASSIGNOR:ALLIED-SIGNAL INC.;REEL/FRAME:005012/0079 Effective date: 19881231 |
|
AS | Assignment |
Owner name: UNISON INDUSTRIES LIMITED PARTNERSHIP, 530 BLACKHA Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST.;ASSIGNOR:IGNITION PRODUCTS CORPORATION;REEL/FRAME:005164/0245 Effective date: 19890106 |