US3258319A - Lubricant coated formable metal article - Google Patents

Lubricant coated formable metal article Download PDF

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Publication number
US3258319A
US3258319A US239822A US23982262A US3258319A US 3258319 A US3258319 A US 3258319A US 239822 A US239822 A US 239822A US 23982262 A US23982262 A US 23982262A US 3258319 A US3258319 A US 3258319A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
wax
weight
metal
coated
coating
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
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US239822A
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English (en)
Inventor
Jr John J Cox
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
EIDP Inc
Original Assignee
EI Du Pont de Nemours and Co
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by EI Du Pont de Nemours and Co filed Critical EI Du Pont de Nemours and Co
Priority to US239822A priority Critical patent/US3258319A/en
Priority to BE640291A priority patent/BE640291A/xx
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US3258319A publication Critical patent/US3258319A/en
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M7/00—Solid or semi-solid compositions essentially based on lubricating components other than mineral lubricating oils or fatty oils and their use as lubricants; Use as lubricants of single solid or semi-solid substances
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21C—MANUFACTURE OF METAL SHEETS, WIRE, RODS, TUBES, PROFILES OR LIKE SEMI-MANUFACTURED PRODUCTS OTHERWISE THAN BY ROLLING; AUXILIARY OPERATIONS USED IN CONNECTION WITH METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL
    • B21C23/00—Extruding metal; Impact extrusion
    • B21C23/32—Lubrication of metal being extruded or of dies, or the like, e.g. physical state of lubricant, location where lubricant is applied
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21C—MANUFACTURE OF METAL SHEETS, WIRE, RODS, TUBES, PROFILES OR LIKE SEMI-MANUFACTURED PRODUCTS OTHERWISE THAN BY ROLLING; AUXILIARY OPERATIONS USED IN CONNECTION WITH METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL
    • B21C9/00—Cooling, heating or lubricating drawing material
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21C—MANUFACTURE OF METAL SHEETS, WIRE, RODS, TUBES, PROFILES OR LIKE SEMI-MANUFACTURED PRODUCTS OTHERWISE THAN BY ROLLING; AUXILIARY OPERATIONS USED IN CONNECTION WITH METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL
    • B21C9/00—Cooling, heating or lubricating drawing material
    • B21C9/02—Selection of compositions therefor
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2205/00—Organic macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds or fractions, whether or not modified by oxidation as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2205/02—Organic macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds or fractions, whether or not modified by oxidation as ingredients in lubricant compositions containing acyclic monomers
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2205/00—Organic macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds or fractions, whether or not modified by oxidation as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2205/02—Organic macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds or fractions, whether or not modified by oxidation as ingredients in lubricant compositions containing acyclic monomers
    • C10M2205/022—Ethene
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2205/00—Organic macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds or fractions, whether or not modified by oxidation as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2205/02—Organic macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds or fractions, whether or not modified by oxidation as ingredients in lubricant compositions containing acyclic monomers
    • C10M2205/024—Propene
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2205/00—Organic macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds or fractions, whether or not modified by oxidation as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2205/02—Organic macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds or fractions, whether or not modified by oxidation as ingredients in lubricant compositions containing acyclic monomers
    • C10M2205/026—Butene
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    • C10M2205/00—Organic macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds or fractions, whether or not modified by oxidation as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2205/04—Organic macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds or fractions, whether or not modified by oxidation as ingredients in lubricant compositions containing aromatic monomers, e.g. styrene
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2205/00—Organic macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds or fractions, whether or not modified by oxidation as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2205/06—Organic macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds or fractions, whether or not modified by oxidation as ingredients in lubricant compositions containing conjugated dienes
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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    • C10M2205/00—Organic macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds or fractions, whether or not modified by oxidation as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2205/14—Synthetic waxes, e.g. polythene waxes
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    • C10M2205/16—Paraffin waxes; Petrolatum, e.g. slack wax
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    • C10M2205/17—Fisher Tropsch reaction products
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    • C10M2209/00—Organic macromolecular compounds containing oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2209/02—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
    • C10M2209/04—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds containing monomers having an unsaturated radical bound to an alcohol or ester thereof; bound to an aldehyde, ketonic, ether, ketal or acetal radical
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    • C10M2209/02—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
    • C10M2209/06—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds containing monomers having an unsaturated radical bound to an acyloxy radical of saturated carboxylic or carbonic acid
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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    • C10M2209/02—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
    • C10M2209/06—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds containing monomers having an unsaturated radical bound to an acyloxy radical of saturated carboxylic or carbonic acid
    • C10M2209/062—Vinyl esters of saturated carboxylic or carbonic acids, e.g. vinyl acetate
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    • C10M2209/02—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
    • C10M2209/08—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds containing monomers having an unsaturated radical bound to a carboxyl radical, e.g. acrylate type
    • C10M2209/084—Acrylate; Methacrylate
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    • C10M2211/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing halogen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2211/06—Perfluorinated compounds
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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    • C10M2213/062—Polytetrafluoroethylene [PTFE]
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    • C10M2215/16—Nitriles
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    • C10M2217/02—Macromolecular compounds obtained from nitrogen containing monomers by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
    • C10M2217/026—Macromolecular compounds obtained from nitrogen containing monomers by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds containing monomers having an unsaturated radical bound to a nitrile group
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    • C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
    • C10N2040/20—Metal working
    • C10N2040/24—Metal working without essential removal of material, e.g. forming, gorging, drawing, pressing, stamping, rolling or extruding; Punching metal
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    • C10N2040/241—Manufacturing joint-less pipes
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    • C10N2040/242—Hot working
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    • C10N2040/245—Soft metals, e.g. aluminum
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    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/31504—Composite [nonstructural laminate]
    • Y10T428/31678—Of metal
    • Y10T428/31692—Next to addition polymer from unsaturated monomers
    • Y10T428/31696—Including polyene monomers [e.g., butadiene, etc.]
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/31504—Composite [nonstructural laminate]
    • Y10T428/31678—Of metal
    • Y10T428/31714—Next to natural gum, natural oil, rosin, lac or wax

Definitions

  • This invention relates to an improved formable metal article.
  • this invention relates to an improved process for forming a metal article.
  • An object of this invention is to provide a readily formable metal article. Another object is to provide a formable article comprising a metal substrate having an improved metal-working lubricant coating thereon. A further object is to provide an improved process for forming a metal article.
  • a coated metal article having substantial bulk, the dimensions of which are alterable by a cold forming operation, said article having a coating thereon which comprises 50-95% by weight of petroleum wax and -50% by weight of a normally solid polymer containing at least about 60% by weight of an olefin having 2-4 carbon atoms.
  • the term forming refers to any cold metal-working process, including the so-called primary working processes whereby articles such as ingots, billets, or powder compacts are converted to mill products such as bars, beams, plates, tubes, rods, strips, sheets and the like.
  • Primary working processes include cold rolling, cold forging, cOld swaging, cold drawing, cold extrusion and modifications thereof.
  • Forming also encompasses the so-called secondary working processes whereby mill product articles, usually plates or sheets are formed into useful articles of manufacture. Secondary working processes include stamping, drawing, coining and other such forming operations.
  • the process used should be operated at a temperature below the melting point temperature of the petroleum wax to avoid liquification thereof. Generally, operation at a temperature of below about 125 F. is satisfactory.
  • All metals which are formable by cold metal-working processes are usable in this invent-ion.
  • Some of these metals are titanium, zirconium, vanadium, tantalum, chromium, molybdenum, iron, nickel, platinum, copper, silver, gold, zinc, cadmium, aluminum and the formable alloys including brass, bronze and the like and the ferrous metal alloys such as the various carbon and stainless steels.
  • Particularly adaptable for use in the practice of this invention are formable sheets which comprise a ferrous metal substrate having a ferritic chromium containing alloy coating.
  • Such alloy coated products may be produced by various methods familiar to the art, for example, by the adhesive bonding or cladding of a chromium alloy coating onto the ferrous metal substrate, or by chromium diffusion-coating processes.
  • Any normally solid polymer containing at least about 60% by weight of an olefin having 2-4 carbon atoms may be used in this invention.
  • the term normally solid is synonymous with non-liquid at room temperature (i.e. about 25 C.).
  • a polymer which has the physical characteristics commonly associated with a grease may be used in this invention.
  • the preferred polymers are those which have the physical characteristics of soft waxes, hard waxes, soft resins, hard resins, and so forth.
  • Molecular weight and degree of crystallinity are two important variables which affect the solidity of the polymer.
  • the polymers which have a fairly high degree of crystallinity such as the isotactic polymers, and which have a molecular weight of at least about 1,000 possess the preferred degree of solidity.
  • the amorphous polymers such as atactic polypropylene do not have a specific minimum molecular weight which marks a distinct separation between normally solid and normally non-solid phases.
  • the liquid atactic propylene polymers are those with molecular weights below about 300 to 500.
  • atactic polypropylene with a molecular weight of several thousand exhibits cold flow.
  • atactic polypropylene with a molecular weight of at least about 1,000 usually is sufiiciently solid to be useful in this invention.
  • the lower limit of the molecular weight depends on the particular polymer employed. There is no upper limit as to the molecular weight of the polymers used in this invention.
  • the polymers of this invention include the homopolyrners of olefins containing 2-4 carbon atoms, that is, polyethylene, polypropylene, polisobutylene, etc., and copolymers of such olefins with other copolymerizable monomers,for example, vinyls such as vinyl acetate and vinyl chloride, a'lkyl acrylates and methacrylates, carboxylic acids such as methacrylic acid, and other copolymerizable monomers including styrene and acrylonitrile.
  • olefin refers not only to those hydrocarbons having one olefinic double bond, but also to the dienes such as butadiene.
  • a mixture of two or more of these olefin polymers may be used if desired so long as the metal working lubricant contains 550% by weight of at least one of the described polymers. It is essential that the polymer used be normally solid and it must contain at least about 60% by weight of an olefin having 2-4 carbon atoms. Particularly preferred species of this invention are those employing a propylene polymer or an ethylene/ vinyl acetate copolymer.
  • Some of the polymers of this invention are not completely compatible with petroleum wax. Compatibility is a function of both the type of polymer used and the amount of copolymer blended with the wax.
  • ethylene/ vinyl acetate copolymers for example, blends of 5095% by weight of petroleum wax and 550% of a copolymer containing either 15-25% or 33-40% of vinyl acetate, have a haze point which varies from about 5 C. to 30 C. or more above the melting point of the wax depending on the particular composition of the blend. It is not essential that the wax-polymer blends used in the practice of this invention be completely compatible.
  • ethylene/vinyl acetate copolymers containing 15-40% by weight of vinyl acetate are useful in this invention.
  • Vinyl acetate content of the copolymer may be determined by infrared analysis or by saponification number determination.
  • paraffin wax is a mixture of solid hydrocarbons derived through the fractional distillation of petroleum. After purification paraffin wax contains hydrocarbons that fall within the formulas C H C H It is a colorless, hard and translucent material having a melting point of about 125 165 F. Microcrystalline wax is also obtained through petroleum distillation. It differs from parafiin Wax in having branched hydrocarbons of higher molecular weights. It isconsiderably more plastic than paraffin wax and has a melting point of about ISO-200 F.
  • the petroleum wax-polymer blends which are used in this invention contain from about 50% to 95% by weight of petroleum wax and from about to 50% by weight of polymer. These blends may be prepared in any convenient manner known in the art such as shown in U.S.P. 2,290,392, U.S.P. 2,290,393, U.S.P. 2,504,270, U.S.P. 2,595,911 and British Patent 887,417.
  • a metal article is coated with the wax-polymer blend by any suitable procedure.
  • a metal article may be dipped into a hot melt of such a blend, or a solvent solution of the blend may be prepared which can be used to coat the metal by dipping, spraying or brushing techniques.
  • a solvent solution of the blend may be prepared which can be used to coat the metal by dipping, spraying or brushing techniques.
  • preclean the metal article it is usually referable to preclean the metal article to remove foreign matter such as grease, grit and the like.
  • the required thickness of the coating depends upon the specific operating conditions, such as the particular metal article used, the forming process employed, and so forth. Therefore, the amount of the wax-polymer blend to be applied to the metal article is determined by trial and practical experience, however, for most cases, the coating should be at least 1 mil thick. After the coating is thus applied, the metal article may be formed as desired.
  • the primary purpose of the coatings of this invention is to serve as a metal-working lubricant.
  • the coating is removed from the article after the article has been formed.
  • One convenient manner by which the wax-polymer coatings may be removed is by first subjecting the coated articles to temperatures slightly above the melting point of the petroleum wax and permitting the coating to flow off of the article; subsequently, any of the wax-polymer which remains on the article may be burned off.
  • the wax-polymer blends of this invention are soluble in several common solvents such as benzene, toluene, xylene, and trichlorethylene, and therefore these coatings may also be easily removed by a solvent washing procedure.
  • ERICKSEN DEEP DRAW TEST In conducting this test, a circular lubricated metal blank of a given diameter is hydraulically clamped between a punch and die. The punch forces the metal through the die and a cup is thereby formed. This cup is then redrawn with a smaller diameter punch and die. Variables measured as a function of the lubricating effect of the coating are: the force required to make both draws, which should be a minimum; and, the depth to which the second draw is made prior to rupture, which should be a maximum. Further details of this test are given in the Metals Handbook, page 129, 1948 Edition, published by The American Society for Metals. In the following examples, the hydraulic clamping pressure in each instance was 2,420 pounds.
  • Example 1 This example shows the performance of two standard metal-working lubricants commonly used heretofore.
  • samples were coated with tallow and graphite grease.
  • Samples with a 72 mm. diameter were deep drawn in an Ericksen machine.
  • the sample coated with tallow required an average drawing force of 3660 lbs./in. for the first draw while the sample coated with graphite grease required an average drawing force of 3510 lbs./in. for the first draw.
  • Other samples at least mm. square were cupped to rupture in an Olsen machine.
  • the sample coated with tallow gave an average cup depth of 423 mils
  • the sample coated with graphite grease gave an average cup depth of 418 mils.
  • Example 2 Two solvent solutions of ethylene/vinyl acetate-wax blends were prepared as follows: 45 parts by Weight of a blend consisting of 30% by weight copolymer and 70% wax was dissolved in 55 parts of toluene; the second solution was prepared by dissolving 40 parts of a blend consisting of 70% copolymer and 30% wax in 60 parts toluene.
  • the copolymer used in both solutions was an ethylene/ vinyl acetate copolymer having a vinyl acetate content of 28%, by weight, and a melt index of 15. The two solutions were maintained at temperatures of 60 C. and 70 C. respectively. Panels of the SAE 1008 aluminum-killed drawing steel, described above, having a surface area of 90 square mm.
  • Example 1 were treated as shown in Example 1 and were coated by dipping into the solutions and then dried to remove all toluene.
  • the blend containing 30% copolymer gave an average coating thickness of 2.2 mils.
  • the blend containing 70% copolymer gave an average coating thickness of 1.4 mils.
  • the samples were evaluated by the Olsen Cup Test method, giving the results tabulated in Table I. All figures in Table I represent an average of 3 tests.
  • Table I shows the significant improvement over standard lubricants, which is obtained by steel coated with a blend of 30% ethylene/ vinyl acetate copolymer and 70% paraffin wax.
  • Example 3 Circular samples of the treated steel described in Example 1, having diameters of 72 mm. were dipped in the coating solutions described in Example 2. These samples were subjected to the Ericksen Deep Draw Test, the results of which are summarized in Table II. All figures shown in Table II represent an average of 5 tests.
  • Example 4 Example 3 is repeated using in place of the aluminumkilled drawing steel shown therein, degreased circular samples of a ferritic chromium-containing alloy diffusion coated steel 0.026 inch thick having a diameter of 72 mm. Similar results are obtained.
  • Example 5 Example 3 is repeated using in place of the ethylene/ vinyl acetate copolymer shown therein, polyisobutylene having a molecular weight of about 10,000. Similar results are obtained.
  • Example 6 In all of the tests of this example SAE 1008 aluminum-killed drawing steel 0.020 inch thick was used. Panels of this steel were prepared by degreasing in trichlorethylene vapor. For Test 1, panels of the prepared steel were coated by dipping into the solution of 30% copolymer and 70% wax described in Example 2 giving an average coating thickness of 1.5 mils. For Test 2, panels were coated by dipping into the solution of 70% copolymer and 30% wax described in Example 2 giving an average coating thickness of 1.5 mils.
  • Example 7 Two solvent solutions of paraffin wax-polypropylene were prepared as follows: 45 parts by weight of a blend consisting of 10% by weight of an atactic polypropylene having a molecular weight of ca. 6,000 and 90% paraffin wax was dissolved in parts by weight of toluene at 70 C.; the second solution was prepared by dimolving 45 parts of a blend consisting of 30% by weight of an atactic polypropylene having a molecular weight of ca. 6,000 and 7 0% by weight of parafiin wax in 55 parts of toluene at 60-70 C. Panels of the SAE 1008 aluminumkilled drawing steel, described in Example 1 having a surface area of 90 square mm. were treated as shown in Example 1 and were coated by dipping into the solutions and then dried to remove all toluene. The thickness of the coatings obtained thereby, varied from 1.1 to 1.5 mils as between different panels.
  • TAB-LE IV Coating composition Olsen cup depth, mils Tallow 42313 90% wax-10% atactic polypropylene (M.W.
  • Example 8 Two solvent solutions of parafiin wax-polypropylene were prepared as follows: 45 parts by weight of a blend TABLE VI Force to Draw, llo./in.
  • Example 9 Circular samples of the SAE 1008 aluminum-killed drawing steel described in Example 1, having diameters of 72 mm., were treated as shown in Example 1. For Test 1 of this example, samples of this treated steel were 'coated with graphite grease to provide a standard of comparison with the following tests. For Test 2, steel samples were coated by dipping in the solution of 70% paraffin wax and 30 actactic polypropylene (molecular weight of 6,000) described in Example 7.
  • nonmally solid polymers containing at least 60% by weight of an olefin having 2-4 carbon atoms including polyethylene, ethylene/ethyl acry-late copolymers, isobu-tylene/styrene copolymers, poly-butadiene, butadiene/ styrene copolymers, and the like, give similar results.
  • a coated metal article having substantial bulk, the dimensions of which are alterable by a cold forming operation, said article having on its surface a metal working lubricant coating comprising to 95% by weight of petroleum wax and 5 to 50% by weight of a normally solid polymer containing at least by weight of an olefin having 2 to 4 carbon atoms.
  • a formable article having substantial bulk, the dimensions of which are alterable by a cold forming operation comprising a ferrous metal substrate having a ferritic chromium-containing alloy coating, and having a metal Working lubricant coating superposed thereon which comprises 5095% by weight of petroleum wax and 550% by weight of a normally solid polymer containing at least 60% by weight of an olefin having 2-4 carbon atoms.
  • the article of claim 5 wherein the polymer is an ethylene/vinyl acetate copolymer containing 65-75% by weight of ethylene.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Laminated Bodies (AREA)
  • Lubricants (AREA)
  • Application Of Or Painting With Fluid Materials (AREA)
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Cited By (29)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3376244A (en) * 1964-10-30 1968-04-02 Chevron Res Polypropylene wax film
US3382092A (en) * 1964-02-20 1968-05-07 Exxon Research Engineering Co Protective coating for vehicle bottom
US3402468A (en) * 1963-06-10 1968-09-24 Eversharp Inc Polytetrafluoroethylene coated razor blade
US3428565A (en) * 1966-02-24 1969-02-18 Cities Service Oil Co Lubricating compositions
US3444117A (en) * 1966-04-06 1969-05-13 Exxon Research Engineering Co Polymer blend
US3466156A (en) * 1966-12-01 1969-09-09 Ncr Co Magnetic record members
US3503914A (en) * 1963-09-04 1970-03-31 Du Pont Petroleum wax compositions containing ethylene copolymers and high molecular weight polypropylene
US3506413A (en) * 1966-09-30 1970-04-14 Fuji Iron & Steel Co Ltd Surface treated steel sheet suitable for forming
US3623532A (en) * 1969-03-20 1971-11-30 Southwire Co Continuous pickling of cast rod
US3647500A (en) * 1969-04-24 1972-03-07 Taiho Kogyo Co Ltd Oil-free slider bearing material and method of making the material
US3767460A (en) * 1969-08-08 1973-10-23 Raffinage Co Franc De Method of decreasing the wear of flexible bodies rubbing on a rigid surface
US3873458A (en) * 1973-05-18 1975-03-25 United States Steel Corp Resin-containing lubricant coatings
US3899625A (en) * 1971-12-27 1975-08-12 Nippon Steel Corp Sheet metal treated with lubricant for press work
US3923673A (en) * 1973-03-09 1975-12-02 Shell Oil Co Metal deforming process
US3978702A (en) * 1974-05-03 1976-09-07 Van Straaten Chemical Company Metal cold forming process and lubricant composition therefor
US3992303A (en) * 1974-05-03 1976-11-16 Van Straaten Chemical Company Metal cold forming process and lubricant composition therefor
US4108099A (en) * 1975-05-01 1978-08-22 Metal Box Limited Method and apparatus for forming a coated container
US4125670A (en) * 1975-08-11 1978-11-14 Bethlehem Steel Corporation Thermosetting organic coated metallic sheet
US4354370A (en) * 1980-09-02 1982-10-19 Kessler Products Co., Inc. Method for deep drawing sheet metal
US4474669A (en) * 1980-06-02 1984-10-02 United States Steel Corporation Can-making lubricant
US4692353A (en) * 1982-11-05 1987-09-08 Ministry Of Industry & Minerals Specialized Institute For Engineering Industries Method of inhibiting degeneration of direct reduced iron
US4830901A (en) * 1988-02-22 1989-05-16 Cooper Industries, Inc. Pre-lubricated metallic shield tape
US4999241A (en) * 1989-01-09 1991-03-12 Inland Steel Company Coiled steel strip with solid lubricant coating
US5191779A (en) * 1989-12-06 1993-03-09 Toyo Seikan Kaisha, Ltd. Method of producing a metallic can using a saturated branched chain containing hydrocarbon lubricant
US5308654A (en) * 1990-05-30 1994-05-03 Henkel Corporation Method for lubricating steel tubing prior to cold drawing
US6291407B1 (en) 1999-09-08 2001-09-18 Lafrance Manufacturing Co. Agglomerated die casting lubricant
US6432886B1 (en) 1999-09-08 2002-08-13 Mary R. Reidmeyer Agglomerated lubricant
US7030066B1 (en) 2001-11-12 2006-04-18 Charles Piskoti Wetting composition for high temperature metal surfaces, and method of making the same
WO2010048736A3 (de) * 2008-10-30 2010-09-23 Brugg Drahtseil Ag Seilschmiermittel

Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
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US2530838A (en) * 1949-08-11 1950-11-21 Gilron Products Company Wire, rod, and sheet metal drawing lubricant of synthetic wax, borate, and organic binder
US2648643A (en) * 1949-08-15 1953-08-11 Standard Oil Dev Co Engine corrosion preventive
US3025167A (en) * 1960-09-19 1962-03-13 American Can Co Food package
US3078237A (en) * 1960-06-23 1963-02-19 Sinclair Research Inc Production of foam inhibitor
US3080330A (en) * 1959-05-29 1963-03-05 Exxon Research Engineering Co Rust preventive compositions of paraffinic mineral oil thickened with polyethylene and microcrystalline wax
US3084128A (en) * 1959-08-17 1963-04-02 Aluminum Co Of America Coating composition comprising microcrystalline wax, polyisobutylene, polyethylene and a resin, and aluminum foil coated therewith
US3117101A (en) * 1958-07-28 1964-01-07 Sinclair Research Inc Wax coating compositions

Patent Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2530838A (en) * 1949-08-11 1950-11-21 Gilron Products Company Wire, rod, and sheet metal drawing lubricant of synthetic wax, borate, and organic binder
US2648643A (en) * 1949-08-15 1953-08-11 Standard Oil Dev Co Engine corrosion preventive
US3117101A (en) * 1958-07-28 1964-01-07 Sinclair Research Inc Wax coating compositions
US3080330A (en) * 1959-05-29 1963-03-05 Exxon Research Engineering Co Rust preventive compositions of paraffinic mineral oil thickened with polyethylene and microcrystalline wax
US3084128A (en) * 1959-08-17 1963-04-02 Aluminum Co Of America Coating composition comprising microcrystalline wax, polyisobutylene, polyethylene and a resin, and aluminum foil coated therewith
US3078237A (en) * 1960-06-23 1963-02-19 Sinclair Research Inc Production of foam inhibitor
US3025167A (en) * 1960-09-19 1962-03-13 American Can Co Food package

Cited By (29)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3402468A (en) * 1963-06-10 1968-09-24 Eversharp Inc Polytetrafluoroethylene coated razor blade
US3503914A (en) * 1963-09-04 1970-03-31 Du Pont Petroleum wax compositions containing ethylene copolymers and high molecular weight polypropylene
US3382092A (en) * 1964-02-20 1968-05-07 Exxon Research Engineering Co Protective coating for vehicle bottom
US3376244A (en) * 1964-10-30 1968-04-02 Chevron Res Polypropylene wax film
US3428565A (en) * 1966-02-24 1969-02-18 Cities Service Oil Co Lubricating compositions
US3444117A (en) * 1966-04-06 1969-05-13 Exxon Research Engineering Co Polymer blend
US3506413A (en) * 1966-09-30 1970-04-14 Fuji Iron & Steel Co Ltd Surface treated steel sheet suitable for forming
US3466156A (en) * 1966-12-01 1969-09-09 Ncr Co Magnetic record members
US3623532A (en) * 1969-03-20 1971-11-30 Southwire Co Continuous pickling of cast rod
US3647500A (en) * 1969-04-24 1972-03-07 Taiho Kogyo Co Ltd Oil-free slider bearing material and method of making the material
US3767460A (en) * 1969-08-08 1973-10-23 Raffinage Co Franc De Method of decreasing the wear of flexible bodies rubbing on a rigid surface
US3899625A (en) * 1971-12-27 1975-08-12 Nippon Steel Corp Sheet metal treated with lubricant for press work
US3923673A (en) * 1973-03-09 1975-12-02 Shell Oil Co Metal deforming process
US3873458A (en) * 1973-05-18 1975-03-25 United States Steel Corp Resin-containing lubricant coatings
US3978702A (en) * 1974-05-03 1976-09-07 Van Straaten Chemical Company Metal cold forming process and lubricant composition therefor
US3992303A (en) * 1974-05-03 1976-11-16 Van Straaten Chemical Company Metal cold forming process and lubricant composition therefor
US4108099A (en) * 1975-05-01 1978-08-22 Metal Box Limited Method and apparatus for forming a coated container
US4125670A (en) * 1975-08-11 1978-11-14 Bethlehem Steel Corporation Thermosetting organic coated metallic sheet
US4474669A (en) * 1980-06-02 1984-10-02 United States Steel Corporation Can-making lubricant
US4354370A (en) * 1980-09-02 1982-10-19 Kessler Products Co., Inc. Method for deep drawing sheet metal
US4692353A (en) * 1982-11-05 1987-09-08 Ministry Of Industry & Minerals Specialized Institute For Engineering Industries Method of inhibiting degeneration of direct reduced iron
US4830901A (en) * 1988-02-22 1989-05-16 Cooper Industries, Inc. Pre-lubricated metallic shield tape
US4999241A (en) * 1989-01-09 1991-03-12 Inland Steel Company Coiled steel strip with solid lubricant coating
US5191779A (en) * 1989-12-06 1993-03-09 Toyo Seikan Kaisha, Ltd. Method of producing a metallic can using a saturated branched chain containing hydrocarbon lubricant
US5308654A (en) * 1990-05-30 1994-05-03 Henkel Corporation Method for lubricating steel tubing prior to cold drawing
US6291407B1 (en) 1999-09-08 2001-09-18 Lafrance Manufacturing Co. Agglomerated die casting lubricant
US6432886B1 (en) 1999-09-08 2002-08-13 Mary R. Reidmeyer Agglomerated lubricant
US7030066B1 (en) 2001-11-12 2006-04-18 Charles Piskoti Wetting composition for high temperature metal surfaces, and method of making the same
WO2010048736A3 (de) * 2008-10-30 2010-09-23 Brugg Drahtseil Ag Seilschmiermittel

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