US3247684A - Knitting machines and methods - Google Patents

Knitting machines and methods Download PDF

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Publication number
US3247684A
US3247684A US239743A US23974362A US3247684A US 3247684 A US3247684 A US 3247684A US 239743 A US239743 A US 239743A US 23974362 A US23974362 A US 23974362A US 3247684 A US3247684 A US 3247684A
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United States
Prior art keywords
repeat
needles
pattern
stitches
fabric
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Expired - Lifetime
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US239743A
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English (en)
Inventor
Jr Leslie E Hibbert
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Scott and Williams Inc
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Scott and Williams Inc
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Publication date
Application filed by Scott and Williams Inc filed Critical Scott and Williams Inc
Priority to US239743A priority Critical patent/US3247684A/en
Priority to GB43527/63A priority patent/GB1003269A/en
Priority to FR954053A priority patent/FR1387893A/fr
Priority to BE640240D priority patent/BE640240A/xx
Priority to US239743A priority patent/US3236069A/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US3247684A publication Critical patent/US3247684A/en
Assigned to SCOTT & WILLIAMS INCORPORATED reassignment SCOTT & WILLIAMS INCORPORATED ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST. Assignors: SCOTT & WILLIAMS INC.
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
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    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04B—KNITTING
    • D04B9/00—Circular knitting machines with independently-movable needles
    • D04B9/42—Circular knitting machines with independently-movable needles specially adapted for producing goods of particular configuration
    • D04B9/46—Circular knitting machines with independently-movable needles specially adapted for producing goods of particular configuration stockings, or portions thereof
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04B—KNITTING
    • D04B1/00—Weft knitting processes for the production of fabrics or articles not dependent on the use of particular machines; Fabrics or articles defined by such processes
    • D04B1/06—Non-run fabrics or articles
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04B—KNITTING
    • D04B1/00—Weft knitting processes for the production of fabrics or articles not dependent on the use of particular machines; Fabrics or articles defined by such processes
    • D04B1/10—Patterned fabrics or articles

Definitions

  • FIG. I A la Mbnnt A a FIG. 3.
  • FIG. I A la Mbnnt A a FIG. 3.
  • FIG. 5 A583 D'ION FIG.4.
  • FIG. 5 A583 D'ION FIG.4.
  • a fabric is produced which will not run downwardl for more than a limited number of courses.
  • FIGURE 1 is a diagram showing a portion of a fabric produced in accordance with the invention and explanatory of the principles involved;
  • FIGURES 2, 3 and 4 are similar diagrams showing the application of the invention to different repeats and types of, repeats of the mesh pattern;
  • FIGURE 5 is a similar diagram but showing, for further explanation of the invention, a type of mesh pattern which cannot be produced in accordance with the invention.
  • FIGURE 6 is a development of the inside of the cams controlling needles, intermediate jacks and pattern jacks together with other elements involved in tuck stitch formation in accordance with the invention.
  • FIGURE 7 is a fragmentary plan view of one of the pattern controlling mechanisms.
  • FIGURE 1 there is diagrammed therein at 2 a portion of a fabric carrying a repeated mesh pattern which is suitable for achievement of the ends set forth in said A. E. Page patent.
  • Each small square in this diagram represents a stitch, the horizontal rows of small squares indicating courses, and the vertical columns indicating wales.
  • the Xs represent special stitches, while the unmarked small squares indicate plain stitches.
  • the plain stitches adjacent to the special stitches are usually distorted as well understood in the art, but of primary significance is the matter of formation of special stitch arrangements at intervals indicated in the diagram.
  • the special stitches may be tuck stitches, welt or held stitches, or float stitches. For the sake of simplicity of description, however, tuck stitches will be generally referred to as illustrative.
  • FIGURE 1 Examination of FIGURE 1 will reveal that the repeat of the special stitch pattern therein is six wales wide and twelve courses long, the pattern extending completely around the circumference of the fabric.
  • a repeat may be outlined quite arbitrarily in the fabric, and one such repeat is outlined in the rectangle 4. It will be noted that in this repeat (and true of any other arbitrarily taken repeat) there is only one special stitch in each Wale and only one special stitch in each of alternate courses, there being, accordingly, six such special stitches in each repeat of the pattern.
  • FIGURE 1 illustrating a disposition of the special stitches in a repeat which is somewhat more elaborate than a simpler arrangement which may be used and in which the stitches might be arranged diagonally across the repeat in either a right-hand or left-hand direction, i.e. with the direction of cylinder rotation or opposite the direction of cylinder rotation, the direction of rotation being indicated by the arrow at the top of this figure.
  • the vertical line A represents a datum with needles (or wales formed by the needles) numbered in sequence from the left of this line. Also let it be assumed that the lowermost course in the repeat 4 is considered course 1 as shown. Passing around the fabric from the line A toward the left and then approaching the line A from the right, it will be evident that course 1 will approach the line A, due to the helical nature of the knitting, to meet the line A with continuation thereat as course 5, it being assumed that the courses nominally begin at the left of the line A with the needle or wale numbered 1.
  • T provide repetition of the pattern repeat 4, it is evi dent that this same repeat, effected by the pattern control of the machine, would reappear as indicated at 6, so far as machine operation was concerned.
  • this condition would arise if there were 396 needles in the machine. It will be evident that under these conditions there would be a break in the continuity of the pattern considering the fabric as a whole.
  • the fabric has an identical repeat (e.g., repeat 6) displaced from the chosen repeat by four courses in a walewise direction and displaced from the chosen repeat in a coursewise direction by a number of wales less than n.
  • the number of needles may be viewed in the specific example shown in FIGURE 1, as two more than an integral multiple of the width of the repeat or as four less than an integral multiple of the repeat.
  • the total number of needles arrived at is desirably even because this permits conventional makeup on the machine which involves the feeding of yarn initially to alternate needles.
  • makeup may very well be nonconventional in the sense that if the number of needles is odd makeup may be effected even with a break in an alternate needle array, as is presently done in the use of cylinders having odd numbers of needles in two-feed machines.
  • FIGURE 2 illustrates the application of the invention to a fabric 8 in which the pattern repeats are five 'wales wide and ten courses long.
  • the relationship of an arbitrary repeat 10 to another repeat 12, four courses higher is basically the same as the relationship between the repeats 4 and 6 previously discussed, except that the needles added over the multiple of five are four in number as indicated by the needles or wales numbered 401 to 4&4, inclusive, the arbitrary line A for the count of needles and the initiation of courses corresponding to A of FIGURE 1, while B corresponds to B.
  • the basic multiple of five used in FIGURE 2 is even, i.e. 400, giving rise, with the addition of four needles, to an even number of needles.
  • FIGURE 3 similarly indicates the application of the invention to a fabric 14 in which the repeat of pattern is four wales wide and eight courses long. Repeats related as previously discussed are indicated at 16 and 18, the
  • boundary datum lines A and B corresponding respectively to A and B of FIGURE 1. It may be incidentally remarked that the type of repeat shown in this figure is that which is quite commonly used in single feed fabric, the tuck or other special stitches running diagonally either opposed to the direction of cylinder rotation, or in the same direction.
  • FIGURE 4 similarly indicates the application of the invention to a fabric 20 in which the repeats of pattern are three wales wide and six courses long.
  • the related repeats here are 22 and 24, and it will be noted that they are spaced by a single wale or needle between the datum lines A and B in this case the number of needles being 400 which is a standard number in the art. This is possible because 399 is a multiple of three and there is required only a single added needle.
  • FIGURE 5 Such a fabric is illustrated at 26 in FIGURE 5.
  • the fabric there shown may be considered a hypothetical one in which, merely as viewed diagrammatically as a possibly desired fabric, there are repeats which are four wales wide and eight courses long, an arbitrary repeat being indicated at 28. It will be noted that this repeat is of the type in which there is a single special stitch in each wale and a single special stitch in each of alternate courses.
  • Various types of circular knitting machines may be used for the practice of the invention if provided in generally conventional fashions with selecting means for the production of special stitches.
  • the machines may be of rotating cylinder or stationary cylinder type, and may be supplied with the usual devices for the formation of welts, heels and/or toes. poses, however, there will be now described the mechanism of a four-feed machine of the rotary cylinder type which, in its simple form, may be used to produce simple tubular fabric which may be treated in accordance with regular practices to provide stockings or other articles. It will, of course, be evident that the machine may be one of large diameter for the production of fabrics to be used for other wear or other purposes.
  • the slotted cylinder 30 carries needles 32 which cooperate with sinkers 34 in usual fashion,
  • the needles are provided with the usual controlling butts 40 operated by cams.
  • Beneath each needle in its slot is an intermediate jack 36 provided with abutt 42, while below this there is provided a pattern jack 38 having an upper butt 44, selectively removable pattern butts 46 and a lower butt 48 below which there is provided the notch 50.
  • the pattern jacks are of rocking type well known in the art.
  • the butts on all of the needles may be the same length, this being also true of the butts on the intermediate jacks. All selections required may be made through the utilization of the pattern butts 46. This may include the assignment of one level of these butts for the makeup in conventional fashion.
  • the four successive feeds of the machine are indicated by the respective numerals 52, 54, 56 and 58.
  • These feeds include the conventional throat plates 60, 62, 64 and 66, with which are associated the yarn-feeding fingers 68, 70, 72 and 74.
  • At each of the feeds there may be more than one finger with provision for selecting the fingers into action if yarn changes are required or if the special stitch formations are to involve the simultaneous feeding at one or more of the feeds of multiple yarns as for the effecting of pattern production by reverse plating or selective floating. Substitution of yarns may also be desirable if heavier weight welts are to be produced on reinforced areas of the fabric.
  • the particular special stitch formations to which the invention relates may be of numerous types including the production of special reverse plated stitches, selective floating of one of two yarns fed at a feed, the production of floats in fabric made with a single yarn at each feed, the production of tuck stitches, or the like.
  • the particular needle manipulations or other operations for these purposes are well known, and for purposes of illustration of the application of the invention the following description will be confined to formation of pattern by selective tucking.
  • Stitch cams 76, 78, 80 and 82 are provided at the respective feeds, each preceded by a lowering cam 84, 86, 88 and 90, respectively.
  • Selective clearing of needles is provided by the action of cams 108 and 110 engaged by the notches 50 of pattern jacks. These c ams follow, respectively the fourth and second feeds. Selective rocking of the pattern jacks is effected by the stacked cams 112 and 114, preceded by the push-out cams 116 and 118, respectively. Cams 120 and 122 serve to lower the intermediate jacks which have been selectively raised, and with these jacks the selectively raised pattern jacks.
  • FIGURE 7 shows, in outline form, the selecting means such as is duplicated at the two selection points.
  • FIGURE 7 illustrating the control of the-cams 112.
  • These cams 112 are provided on stacked levers 113 controlled by selectively arranged butts on elements carried by a trick wheel 115 which is stepped by a pawl 117 acting on its ratchet 119, the pawl being reciprocated by cams rotating in time with the needle cylinder.
  • This type of selection is conventional but a few special remarks may be made concerning operation consistent with the invention.
  • the trick wheel butts and jack butts are desirably arranged as described in the patent to Houseman, No. 2,264,977, dated December 2, 194 1.
  • This arrangement at each selection station, maintains the continuity of the pattern without breaks occasioned by stepping of the trick wheel thereat.
  • this involves an arrangement of trick wheel butts so that when the trick wheel is stepped the action on needles then in progress of passing the selection point is unchanged while the same stepping prepares the trick wheel for a different selection of needles which have not yet arrived at the selection point.
  • each trick wheel is given two steps, for each revolution of the cylinder, as by the action of a pair of two-lobed cams carried by the needle cylinder or sinker ring, or a suitable set of cams carried by a shaft rotating with the needle cylinder (though possibly at other than a 1:1 ratio therewith). If the selecting positions are 180 apart, the same cams may step both trick wheels simultaneously. If not, how ever, two sets of properly timed stepping'cams may be provided. The attainment of the desired results will be readily obivous to those skilled in the art, and consequently details of control are not illustrated.
  • All pattern jacks have their lower ends rocked outwardly as they pass the push-out cam 116. They are thus presented for the selective operation of cams 112. Those jacks which are not engaged by any of cams 112 continue moving with their lower ends outward and accordingly engage the cam 108 to follow the path 124. In rising over cam 108 they move upwardly the corresponding intermediate jacks along butt path 128 and these in turn raise the corresponding needles to clear height as indicated at 132.
  • All of the needles are then raised to tuck level at 136, and are cleared by the action of cam 100 to be depressed thereafter by cam 86 and stitch cam 78 to take yarn at the second feed and draw normal stitches.
  • the selecting operations are repeated preceding the third feed in the same fashion as previously described, pattern jacks not engaged by any of the cams 114 rising at 140 over cam 110, while those which are pressed inwardly follow the path indicated at 142.
  • the corresponding intermediate jacks follow the respective paths 144 and 146, and the corresponding needles are selectively cleared along the path 148 or remain at tuck level along path 150.
  • a circular knitting machine comprising a needle cylinder
  • said fabric has an identical repeat displaced from the chosen repeat by four courses in a walewise direction and spaced from the chosen repeat in a coursewise direction by a number of wales at least'one but less than n,
  • said machine having a number of needles equal to an integral multiple of it plus the last mentioned number of wales.
  • a circular knitting machine according to claim 1 in which the number of needles is even.
  • said fabric has an identical repeat displaced from the chosen repeat by four courses in a walewise direction and spaced from the chosen repeat in a coursewise direction by a number of Wales at least one but less than n,
  • the machine used for the method having a number of needles equal to an integral multiple of it plus the last mentioned number of wales.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Knitting Machines (AREA)
  • Knitting Of Fabric (AREA)
US239743A 1962-11-23 1962-11-23 Knitting machines and methods Expired - Lifetime US3247684A (en)

Priority Applications (5)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US239743A US3247684A (en) 1962-11-23 1962-11-23 Knitting machines and methods
GB43527/63A GB1003269A (en) 1962-11-23 1963-11-04 Improvements in or relating to knitting machines and methods and products thereof
FR954053A FR1387893A (fr) 1962-11-23 1963-11-18 Perfectionnement aux machines à tricoter, aux méthodes de tricotage et aux articlesobtenus
BE640240D BE640240A (cs) 1962-11-23 1963-11-21
US239743A US3236069A (en) 1962-11-23 1964-05-22 Knitted fabric

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US239743A US3247684A (en) 1962-11-23 1962-11-23 Knitting machines and methods

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US3247684A true US3247684A (en) 1966-04-26

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US239743A Expired - Lifetime US3236069A (en) 1962-11-23 1964-05-22 Knitted fabric

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GB (1) GB1003269A (cs)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4838045A (en) * 1986-12-02 1989-06-13 Sport Maska Inc. Double Knit fabric with holes therethrough and knitted color bands
US4891958A (en) * 1986-11-27 1990-01-09 Sport Maska Inc. Double knit fabric with holes therethrough and knitted color bands
US5519894A (en) * 1994-11-10 1996-05-28 Sara Lee Corporation Panty garment

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3864056A (en) * 1973-07-27 1975-02-04 Westinghouse Electric Corp Cooled turbine blade ring assembly

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2191883A (en) * 1938-04-15 1940-02-27 Princeton Inc Knitted fabric
US2609677A (en) * 1945-10-16 1952-09-09 Julien Millard Knitting
US3039985A (en) * 1956-08-08 1962-06-19 Monsanto Chemicals Composition comprising solution of a synthetic linear condensation polyester in a dihalogenated aliphatic ketone and process for making
US3111828A (en) * 1957-11-27 1963-11-26 Wildman Jacquard Co Straight bar knitting machine and method
US3148518A (en) * 1960-06-08 1964-09-15 Singer Co Multi-feed knitting machine

Family Cites Families (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2501353A (en) * 1948-03-01 1950-03-21 Scott & Williams Inc Stocking

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2191883A (en) * 1938-04-15 1940-02-27 Princeton Inc Knitted fabric
US2609677A (en) * 1945-10-16 1952-09-09 Julien Millard Knitting
US3039985A (en) * 1956-08-08 1962-06-19 Monsanto Chemicals Composition comprising solution of a synthetic linear condensation polyester in a dihalogenated aliphatic ketone and process for making
US3111828A (en) * 1957-11-27 1963-11-26 Wildman Jacquard Co Straight bar knitting machine and method
US3148518A (en) * 1960-06-08 1964-09-15 Singer Co Multi-feed knitting machine

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4891958A (en) * 1986-11-27 1990-01-09 Sport Maska Inc. Double knit fabric with holes therethrough and knitted color bands
US4941331A (en) * 1986-11-27 1990-07-17 Sport Maska Inc. Method of producing double knit fabric with holes therethrough and knitted color bands
US4838045A (en) * 1986-12-02 1989-06-13 Sport Maska Inc. Double Knit fabric with holes therethrough and knitted color bands
US5519894A (en) * 1994-11-10 1996-05-28 Sara Lee Corporation Panty garment

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Publication number Publication date
BE640240A (cs) 1964-05-21
GB1003269A (en) 1965-09-02
US3236069A (en) 1966-02-22

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