US3244933A - Device of the kind comprising a highpower klystron with getter ion pump connected thereto - Google Patents
Device of the kind comprising a highpower klystron with getter ion pump connected thereto Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US3244933A US3244933A US218357A US21835762A US3244933A US 3244933 A US3244933 A US 3244933A US 218357 A US218357 A US 218357A US 21835762 A US21835762 A US 21835762A US 3244933 A US3244933 A US 3244933A
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- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- klystron
- cathode
- ion pump
- pump
- housing
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
- H01J23/00—Details of transit-time tubes of the types covered by group H01J25/00
- H01J23/02—Electrodes; Magnetic control means; Screens
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
- H01J41/00—Discharge tubes for measuring pressure of introduced gas or for detecting presence of gas; Discharge tubes for evacuation by diffusion of ions
- H01J41/12—Discharge tubes for evacuating by diffusion of ions, e.g. ion pumps, getter ion pumps
- H01J41/18—Discharge tubes for evacuating by diffusion of ions, e.g. ion pumps, getter ion pumps with ionisation by means of cold cathodes
- H01J41/20—Discharge tubes for evacuating by diffusion of ions, e.g. ion pumps, getter ion pumps with ionisation by means of cold cathodes using gettering substances
Definitions
- the invention relates to a device comprising a highpower klystron with an annexed getter ion pump, in which the resonant cavities of the klystron are at ground potential.
- this pump is housed in the earthed part thereof.
- getter ion pumps in which the anode is formed by a ring or a honey comb between two cathode plates, which intersects a magnetic field at right angles to the anode surface.
- the cathode usually constitutes at the same time the housing of the getter ion pump.
- the invention has for its object to provide a device which permits using an advantageous combination of a klystron and a pump.
- the getter ion pump in a device having a highpower klystron with an annexed getter ion pump having an anode lying between two cathode plates, which intersects a magnetic field at right angles to the anode surface, the resonator cavities of the klystron being at ground potential, the getter ion pump is directly arranged on the cathode housing of the klystron, which housing is at negative potential to ground while the anode of the pump is connected to a voltage divider between the cathode housing and earth.
- the device according to the invention has the advantage that no separate voltage source for the anode of the pump is required, since it is connected to the voltage divider between ground and the cathode envelope. Moreover, the pump is arranged near that tube portion to which the ions travel under the action of the potential differences prevailing at the tube. This is even the case if the cathode current is zero, since for example the modulation anode usually arranged between the cathode and the resonator cavities is at cathode potential. This has advantages in degassing the cathode. By arranging the ion pump at the bottom of the cathode housing and by housing the magnets of the pump in a substantially completely closed weak-magnetic envelope, the pump magnetic field has no influence on the electron-optical system of the klystron.
- FIGS. 1 and 2 are a sectional view and an elevation respectively of an annexed ion pump with the electric connection and FIG. 3 shows a magnetic system for the pump in a partly developed perspective view and FIG. 4 is a sectional view of an ion pump arranged in the magnetic system.
- FIG. 5 is a schematic view of a klystron with an ion pump connected to the cathode housing.
- reference numeral 1 designates the connecting flange of the cathode housing 3, to which the flange 5 of the ion pump 7 is soldered.
- the known pump 7 consists of an annular anode 9, which is surrounded by the pump housing 11.
- the walls 15 of the pump housing 11 are covered with titanium plates 17, which constitute the cathode of the pump. Titanium is excellently suitable for the absorption of gas.
- the anode connection 19 is taken to the outside in a vacuum-tight manner by means of the insulator 18.
- the anode is connected to the contact 21 of the voltage divider 23, formed by the resistors 24 and 25, which are connected in series between the cathode housing and earth.
- the resistors 24 and 25 are chosen so that with a potential of the cathode housing 3 to earth of -18 kv. the anode 13 is at 15 kv., so that it has a positive voltage of 3 kv. with respect to the pump housing and the cathode. A separate voltage source may therefore be dispensed with.
- reference numeral 27 designates sintered, oxidic permanent-magnetic discs housed in a weak-magnetic envelope 29.
- the length of the air-gap corresponds to the size of the pump 7.
- the envelope 29 can be slipped onto the pump by means of a recess 33 so that after the disposition of the weak-magnetic lid 35 no leakage field of any importance can any longer occur.
- a klystron comprising a cathode, cavity resonators, a collector, and a housing for said cathode, means to ground the cavity resonators, an ion pump comprising an envelope of magnetic material, a pair of cathodes in opposed spaced relationship within the envelope, and an anode between said cathodes, means to provide a magnetic field normal to the surface of the anode, means to mount the ion pump on the housing of the cathode to evacuate directly the klystron by withdrawing ions moving toward the cathode of the klystron, means to connect the cathode hon-sing through a voltage dividing network to ground potential, and means to connect the anode of the ion pump to a point in the voltage dividing network intermediate the cathode housing of the klystron and ground potential.
- a klystron comprising a cathode, cavity resonators, a collector, and a housing for said cathode, means to ground the cavity resonators, an ion pump comprising an envelope of magnetic material, a pair of titanium cathodes in opposed spaced relationship within the envelope, and an anode between said cathodes, means to provide a magnetic field normal to the surface of the anode, means to mount the ion pump on the housing of the cathode to evacuate directly the klystron by withdrawing ions moving toward the cathode of the klystron, means to connect the cathode housing through a voltage dividing network to ground potential, and means to connect the anode of the ion pump to a point in the voltage dividing network intermediate the cathode housing klystron and ground potential.
Landscapes
- Electron Tubes For Measurement (AREA)
Description
April 5, 1966 w, SCHM|DT A 3,244,933
DEVICE OF THE KIND COMPRISING A HIGH-POWER KLYSTRON WITH GETTER ION PUMP CONNECTED THERETO Filed Aug. 21, 1962 2 Sheets-Sheet l INVENTOR w. scnmo'r 6. w SCHUMANN Fig. 5
BY AGEN Aprll 5, 1966 w, sc T 3,244,933
DEVICE OF THE KIND COMPRISING A HIGH-POWER KLYS'IRON WITH GETTER ION PUMP CONNECTED THERETO Filed Aug. 21, 1962 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 Fig.4
INVENTOR W. SCHMID G. W SCHUMANN 2 g # 6 AGENT United States Patent M 3,244,933 DEVICE OF THE KIND COMPRISING A HIGH- POWER KLYSTRON WITH GETTER ION PUMP CONNECTED THERETO Wolfgang Schmidt, Hamhurg-Uthmarschen, and Gerhard Werner Schumann, Hamburg, Germany, assignors to North American Philips Company, Inc., New York, N .Y., a corporation of Delaware Filed Aug. 21, 1962, Ser. No. 218,357 Claims priority, application Germany, Aug. 24, 1961, P 27,760 3 Claims. (Cl. 3155.39)
The invention relates to a device comprising a highpower klystron with an annexed getter ion pump, in which the resonant cavities of the klystron are at ground potential.
In a known discharge tube having an incorporated ion pump, this pump is housed in the earthed part thereof.
There are known getter ion pumps in which the anode is formed by a ring or a honey comb between two cathode plates, which intersects a magnetic field at right angles to the anode surface. The cathode usually constitutes at the same time the housing of the getter ion pump.
The use of said known getter ion pump in a high-power kylstron would give rise to various difficulties. It is usual that the getter ion pump is arranged in the grounded part, the resonant cavities or the collector. However, no space is available there, not even for the magnets of the pump, which are disposed outside the vacuum. This would require a comparatively long pump tube between the klystron and the getter ion pump, which tube, owing to its high resistance, does not permit the use of a low pressure under all conditions.
The invention has for its object to provide a device which permits using an advantageous combination of a klystron and a pump.
According to the invention in a device having a highpower klystron with an annexed getter ion pump having an anode lying between two cathode plates, which intersects a magnetic field at right angles to the anode surface, the resonator cavities of the klystron being at ground potential, the getter ion pump is directly arranged on the cathode housing of the klystron, which housing is at negative potential to ground while the anode of the pump is connected to a voltage divider between the cathode housing and earth.
The device according to the invention has the advantage that no separate voltage source for the anode of the pump is required, since it is connected to the voltage divider between ground and the cathode envelope. Moreover, the pump is arranged near that tube portion to which the ions travel under the action of the potential differences prevailing at the tube. This is even the case if the cathode current is zero, since for example the modulation anode usually arranged between the cathode and the resonator cavities is at cathode potential. This has advantages in degassing the cathode. By arranging the ion pump at the bottom of the cathode housing and by housing the magnets of the pump in a substantially completely closed weak-magnetic envelope, the pump magnetic field has no influence on the electron-optical system of the klystron.
The invention will be described more fully with reference to the drawing, in which FIGS. 1 and 2 are a sectional view and an elevation respectively of an annexed ion pump with the electric connection and FIG. 3 shows a magnetic system for the pump in a partly developed perspective view and FIG. 4 is a sectional view of an ion pump arranged in the magnetic system.
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of a klystron with an ion pump connected to the cathode housing.
3,244,933 Patented Apr. 5, 1966 Referring now to FIGS. 1 and 2 reference numeral 1 designates the connecting flange of the cathode housing 3, to which the flange 5 of the ion pump 7 is soldered. The known pump 7 consists of an annular anode 9, which is surrounded by the pump housing 11. The walls 15 of the pump housing 11 are covered with titanium plates 17, which constitute the cathode of the pump. Titanium is excellently suitable for the absorption of gas. The anode connection 19 is taken to the outside in a vacuum-tight manner by means of the insulator 18. The anode is connected to the contact 21 of the voltage divider 23, formed by the resistors 24 and 25, which are connected in series between the cathode housing and earth. The resistors 24 and 25 are chosen so that with a potential of the cathode housing 3 to earth of -18 kv. the anode 13 is at 15 kv., so that it has a positive voltage of 3 kv. with respect to the pump housing and the cathode. A separate voltage source may therefore be dispensed with.
In FIGS. 3 and 4 reference numeral 27 designates sintered, oxidic permanent-magnetic discs housed in a weak-magnetic envelope 29. The length of the air-gap corresponds to the size of the pump 7. The envelope 29 can be slipped onto the pump by means of a recess 33 so that after the disposition of the weak-magnetic lid 35 no leakage field of any importance can any longer occur.
What is claimed is:
1. In combinationa klystron comprising a cathode, cavity resonators, a collector, and a housing for said cathode, means to ground the cavity resonators, an ion pump comprising an envelope of magnetic material, a pair of cathodes in opposed spaced relationship within the envelope, and an anode between said cathodes, means to provide a magnetic field normal to the surface of the anode, means to mount the ion pump on the housing of the cathode to evacuate directly the klystron by withdrawing ions moving toward the cathode of the klystron, means to connect the cathode hon-sing through a voltage dividing network to ground potential, and means to connect the anode of the ion pump to a point in the voltage dividing network intermediate the cathode housing of the klystron and ground potential.
2. In combination a klystron comprising a cathode, cavity resonators, a collector, and a housing for said cathode, means to ground the cavity resonators, an ion pump comprising an envelope of magnetic material, a pair of titanium cathodes in opposed spaced relationship within the envelope, and an anode between said cathodes, means to provide a magnetic field normal to the surface of the anode, means to mount the ion pump on the housing of the cathode to evacuate directly the klystron by withdrawing ions moving toward the cathode of the klystron, means to connect the cathode housing through a voltage dividing network to ground potential, and means to connect the anode of the ion pump to a point in the voltage dividing network intermediate the cathode housing klystron and ground potential.
3. The combination as claimed in claim 2 in which the magnetic field is produced by sintered oxidic magnets mounted within the envelope of the ion pump.
References Cited by the Examiner UNITED STATES PATENTS 2,131,897 10/1938 Malter 3137 X 2,988,657 6/1961 Klopfer et al. 313--7 3,094,639 6/ 1963 Iepsen 313-7 FOREIGN PATENTS 6, 123 12/1960 Great Britain.
JOHN W. HUCKERT, Primary Examiner.
DAVID N. GALVIN, Examiner.
Claims (1)
1. IN COMBINATION A KLYSTRON COMPRISING A CATHODE, CAVITY RESONATORS, A COLLECTOR, AND A HOUSING FOR SAID CATHODE, MEANS TO GROUND THE CAVITY RESONATORS, AN ION PUMP COMPRISING AN ENVELOPE OF MAGNETIC MATERIAL, A PAIR OF CATHODES IN OPPOSED SPACED RELATIONSHIP WITHIN THE ENVELOPE, AND AN ANODE BETWEEN SAID CATHODES, MEANS TO PROVIDE A MAGNETIC FIELD NORMAL TO THE SURFACE OF THE ANODE, MEANS TO MOUNT THE ION PUMP ON THE HOUSING OF THE CATHODE TO EVACUATE DIRECTLY THE KLYSTRON BY WITH-
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DEP27760A DE1165767B (en) | 1919-08-27 | 1961-08-24 | Getterion pump for a klystron |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
US3244933A true US3244933A (en) | 1966-04-05 |
Family
ID=7370968
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US218357A Expired - Lifetime US3244933A (en) | 1961-08-24 | 1962-08-21 | Device of the kind comprising a highpower klystron with getter ion pump connected thereto |
Country Status (2)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US3244933A (en) |
GB (1) | GB986983A (en) |
Cited By (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4334829A (en) * | 1980-02-15 | 1982-06-15 | Rca Corporation | Sputter-ion pump for use with electron tubes having thoriated tungsten cathodes |
EP0124357A2 (en) * | 1983-04-28 | 1984-11-07 | Kabushiki Kaisha Toshiba | Open waveguide electromagnetic wave radiator for heating a plasma |
US9960026B1 (en) * | 2013-11-11 | 2018-05-01 | Coldquanta Inc. | Ion pump with direct molecule flow channel through anode |
Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2131897A (en) * | 1937-02-27 | 1938-10-04 | Rca Corp | Electronic vacuum pump |
GB856123A (en) * | 1959-02-09 | 1960-12-14 | Mullard Ltd | Vacuum-tubes |
US2988657A (en) * | 1958-08-02 | 1961-06-13 | Philips Corp | Ion pump |
US3094639A (en) * | 1960-10-06 | 1963-06-18 | Varian Associates | Glow discharge method and apparatus |
-
1962
- 1962-08-21 US US218357A patent/US3244933A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1962-08-21 GB GB32067/62D patent/GB986983A/en not_active Expired
Patent Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2131897A (en) * | 1937-02-27 | 1938-10-04 | Rca Corp | Electronic vacuum pump |
US2988657A (en) * | 1958-08-02 | 1961-06-13 | Philips Corp | Ion pump |
GB856123A (en) * | 1959-02-09 | 1960-12-14 | Mullard Ltd | Vacuum-tubes |
US3094639A (en) * | 1960-10-06 | 1963-06-18 | Varian Associates | Glow discharge method and apparatus |
Cited By (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4334829A (en) * | 1980-02-15 | 1982-06-15 | Rca Corporation | Sputter-ion pump for use with electron tubes having thoriated tungsten cathodes |
EP0124357A2 (en) * | 1983-04-28 | 1984-11-07 | Kabushiki Kaisha Toshiba | Open waveguide electromagnetic wave radiator for heating a plasma |
EP0124357A3 (en) * | 1983-04-28 | 1986-04-16 | Kabushiki Kaisha Toshiba | Open waveguide electromagnetic wave radiator for heating a plasma |
US9960026B1 (en) * | 2013-11-11 | 2018-05-01 | Coldquanta Inc. | Ion pump with direct molecule flow channel through anode |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
GB986983A (en) | 1965-03-24 |
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