US3232757A - Photographic colloid transfer process - Google Patents

Photographic colloid transfer process Download PDF

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Publication number
US3232757A
US3232757A US244899A US24489962A US3232757A US 3232757 A US3232757 A US 3232757A US 244899 A US244899 A US 244899A US 24489962 A US24489962 A US 24489962A US 3232757 A US3232757 A US 3232757A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
emulsion
emulsion layer
gelatin
sheet
silver halide
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US244899A
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English (en)
Inventor
Joseph T Leone
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Eastman Kodak Co
Original Assignee
Eastman Kodak Co
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Eastman Kodak Co filed Critical Eastman Kodak Co
Priority to US244899A priority Critical patent/US3232757A/en
Priority to DEE25859A priority patent/DE1173800B/de
Priority to GB49088/63A priority patent/GB1061047A/en
Priority to FR957109A priority patent/FR1377761A/fr
Priority to BE641287A priority patent/BE641287A/xx
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US3232757A publication Critical patent/US3232757A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
    • G03C—PHOTOSENSITIVE MATERIALS FOR PHOTOGRAPHIC PURPOSES; PHOTOGRAPHIC PROCESSES, e.g. CINE, X-RAY, COLOUR, STEREO-PHOTOGRAPHIC PROCESSES; AUXILIARY PROCESSES IN PHOTOGRAPHY
    • G03C5/00—Photographic processes or agents therefor; Regeneration of such processing agents
    • G03C5/26—Processes using silver-salt-containing photosensitive materials or agents therefor
    • G03C5/29—Development processes or agents therefor
    • G03C5/315—Tanning development

Definitions

  • the colloid transfer process is described in the Yutzy et al. US. Patents 2,596,756, granted May 3, 1952, and 2,716,059, granted August 23, 1955, and embodies the exposure to a subject of a substantially unhardened gelatino-silver halide emulsion layer which may contain a gelatin tanning silver halide developing agent as well as a non-tanning silver halide developing agent.
  • a substantially unhardened gelatino-silver halide emulsion layer which may contain a gelatin tanning silver halide developing agent as well as a non-tanning silver halide developing agent.
  • tanning development of the more exposed regions of the emulsion corresponding to the highlights of the subject proceeds although some development of the less exposed regions also takes place to provide visual density for the transferred image as explained in more detail in U.S.
  • Patent 2,716,- 059 above. Thereafter the developed emulsion is pressed into contact with an absorbent receiving sheet such as paper to cause the less exposed regions, and thus the less developed regions, of the emulsion to adhere to the receiving sheet. Subsequently, when the emulsion and receiving sheet are separated, a stratum of the less exposed regions of the emulsion remains on the sheet and appears as a positive silver image of the original subject.
  • an absorbent receiving sheet such as paper
  • the alkaline solution used for activation of the exposed emulsion layer advantageously contains a gelatin-softening agent to facilitate transfer of the less exposed portions of the emulsion to the receiving sheet.
  • Urea and certain other gelatinsoftening agents have been suggested for the purpose.
  • the above patents also suggest the use of sodium carbonate as the alkaline component of the alkaline solution used for initiating development of the exposed emulsion.
  • One object of this invention is to provide an improved activator for the colloid transfer process that can be supplied in concentrated liquid form.
  • a further object of this invention is to provide an activator solution which "ice has a higher tolerance for evaporation of water from the activator solution.
  • An additional object of this invention is to provide .an activator solution which may be stored in concentrated liquid form for extensive periods of time Without deteriorating. V
  • a useful operating range of the activator ingredients varies between about 1.3% to2.6% for guanidine carbonate and about 23.5% for potassium carbonate.
  • the total carbonate concentration should not be greater than 4% when all of the carbonate is determined as potassium carbonate.
  • the useful concentration ratios of guanidine carbonate to potassium carbonate can be varied between about 1 to 5.5 and 1 to 0.75. Any formulation falling within these limits exhibits marked improvement in evaporation tolerance and the number of good copies produced when compared to known activators. The higher the ratio -of guanidine carbonate to potassium carbonate Within these limits, the better the evaporation tolerance of the activator.
  • Example 1 A substantially unhardened gelatino-silver halide emulsion (having a hardness as defined in the above patents) is prepared as described in U.S. Patent 2,716,059 above and containing a mixture of tanning and substantially non-.
  • tanning silver halide developing agents such as 4-phenylcatechol and 4-methoxy-a-naphthol.
  • the emulsion is coated on a paper supportand dried.
  • the resultant sensitive element is then exposed to a two-tone subject (a line or halftone subject) if desired by reflex methods, and placed in the following" alkaline'solution of the inventi on to initiate development.
  • a water softening agent such as well known alkaline earth metal chelating agents, e.g., ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid, di-, tri-, or tetrasodium salts (Sequestrene). About 4 grams of the salts are useful in the above formula for this purpose.
  • Example 2 The following formulation omitting urea was used as described in Example 1.
  • Example 3 The following formulation was used as in Example 1.
  • Example 2 The results were like those of Example 2, except that the evaporation tolerance of liquid loss in the activator solution can be increased up to 45% and still activate matrices so as to obtain good transfer copies.
  • Example 4 The following formulation was used as in Example 1. Percent by weight Guanidine carbonate 2.6 Potassium carbonate 2.0 Sequestrene 4Na 0.5
  • Example 2 The resultswere like those of Example 2 except that the evaporation tolerance of. the. liquid loss in the activator solution can be increased to over 50% and still activate matrices so as to obtain good transfer copies.
  • the increase in the ratio of guanidine carbonate to potassium carbonate tends to increase the evaporation tolerance of the activator solution. If this ratio is increased to above about 1 to 0.75, the activator increases the speed of the matrix development beyond the area of good time control normally useful in the operation of obtaining copies by the colloid transfer system disclosed.
  • the gelatin tanning and non-tanning developing agents are present in the emulsion.
  • either or both developing agents may be present in the alkaline solution and the other in the emulsion.
  • a very useful combination of developing agents is 4-phenylcatechol with 4-methoxy-otnaphthol. Since the latter is self-coupling it forms a colored compound during development which contributes density to the print.
  • Other useful tanning and non-tanning silver halide developing agents are disclosed by the above patents.
  • a method of photographic reproduction which comprises developing an exposed substantially nonhardened gelatino-silver halide emulsion layer, said emulsion being not harder than a gelatin layer containing 0.7 gram of formaldehyde per pound of gelatin freshly coated, said emulsion containing a gelatin tanning silver halide developing agent and a substantially non-tanning silver halide developing agent, with a solution of 1.3% to 2.6% by weight guanidine carbonate and 2.0 to 3.5% potassium carbonate to obtain a hardened gelatin and silver image in the areas of the emulsion layer corresponding to the highlights of the subject, and substantially unhardened gelatin, silver and silver halide in the areas of the emulsion layer corresponding to the shadows of the subject, said development being such as to prevent any substantial tanning of the emulsion layer in said areas corresponding to the shadows of the subject, pressing a sheet having an absorbent surface against said emulsion layer while said emulsion layer is moist to cause only the shadow areas of
  • An alkaline activator solution for use in the colloid transfer process consisting essentially of an aqueous solution of 1.3% to 2.6% by weight guanidine carbonate and 2.0 to 3.5% by weight potassium carbonate, said activator being free of silver halide developing agents.

Landscapes

  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Silver Salt Photography Or Processing Solution Therefor (AREA)
US244899A 1962-12-17 1962-12-17 Photographic colloid transfer process Expired - Lifetime US3232757A (en)

Priority Applications (5)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US244899A US3232757A (en) 1962-12-17 1962-12-17 Photographic colloid transfer process
DEE25859A DE1173800B (de) 1962-12-17 1963-11-13 Photographisches Kolloiduebertragungsverfahren
GB49088/63A GB1061047A (en) 1962-12-17 1963-12-12 Processes of photographic reproduction
FR957109A FR1377761A (fr) 1962-12-17 1963-12-13 Nouveau procédé de reproduction photographique par transfert de colloïde
BE641287A BE641287A (ref) 1962-12-17 1963-12-13

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US244899A US3232757A (en) 1962-12-17 1962-12-17 Photographic colloid transfer process

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3232757A true US3232757A (en) 1966-02-01

Family

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US244899A Expired - Lifetime US3232757A (en) 1962-12-17 1962-12-17 Photographic colloid transfer process

Country Status (5)

Country Link
US (1) US3232757A (ref)
BE (1) BE641287A (ref)
DE (1) DE1173800B (ref)
FR (1) FR1377761A (ref)
GB (1) GB1061047A (ref)

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4840929A (en) * 1987-07-02 1989-06-20 Mobil Oil Corporation Zeolite beta with improved regeneration characteristics
WO2025125110A1 (de) * 2023-12-12 2025-06-19 Thor Gmbh Guanidin und carbonat enthaltende zusammensetzungen

Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2165797A (en) * 1938-07-13 1939-07-11 American Cyanamid Co Photographic developer
US3043687A (en) * 1959-05-04 1962-07-10 Eastman Kodak Co Photographic colloid transfer process

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2165797A (en) * 1938-07-13 1939-07-11 American Cyanamid Co Photographic developer
US3043687A (en) * 1959-05-04 1962-07-10 Eastman Kodak Co Photographic colloid transfer process

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
BE641287A (ref) 1964-04-01
FR1377761A (fr) 1964-11-06
GB1061047A (en) 1967-03-08
DE1173800B (de) 1964-07-09

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