US3219881A - Saturable transformer regulated power system - Google Patents

Saturable transformer regulated power system Download PDF

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Publication number
US3219881A
US3219881A US231239A US23123962A US3219881A US 3219881 A US3219881 A US 3219881A US 231239 A US231239 A US 231239A US 23123962 A US23123962 A US 23123962A US 3219881 A US3219881 A US 3219881A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
current
transformer
windings
core
control
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Expired - Lifetime
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US231239A
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English (en)
Inventor
Rudaz Albi
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BBC Secheron SA
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Ateliers de Secheron SA
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F29/00—Variable transformers or inductances not covered by group H01F21/00
    • H01F29/14—Variable transformers or inductances not covered by group H01F21/00 with variable magnetic bias
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K9/00—Arc welding or cutting
    • B23K9/06—Arrangements or circuits for starting the arc, e.g. by generating ignition voltage, or for stabilising the arc
    • B23K9/073—Stabilising the arc
    • B23K9/0732—Stabilising of the arc current
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K9/00—Arc welding or cutting
    • B23K9/10—Other electric circuits therefor; Protective circuits; Remote controls
    • B23K9/1006—Power supply
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F29/00—Variable transformers or inductances not covered by group H01F21/00
    • H01F29/14—Variable transformers or inductances not covered by group H01F21/00 with variable magnetic bias
    • H01F2029/143—Variable transformers or inductances not covered by group H01F21/00 with variable magnetic bias with control winding for generating magnetic bias

Definitions

  • This invention relates to arc welding and, more particularly, to a power supply for alternating current arc welding.
  • the quality and the appearance of the welded seam depends, other factors being constant, upon the stability of the electric arc.
  • the are stability is primarily related to the ability of the power supply energizing the electrodes to maintain constant current con ditions under changes in arc length and to the wave form of the alternating current in the are.
  • the characteristic curve of output current as a function of output voltage is of such form that any variation of arc length (as, for example, caused by operator movement of the electrode) will change both the voltage across the arc and the arc current.
  • Such current variations particularly when pronounced, produce concommitant changes in the appearance and quality of the welded seam.
  • the greater the variation of current the greater the unevenness of the seam because the electrode deposition and fusion rate is proportional to the welding current.
  • the primary object of this invention to provide an alternating power supply for an electric arc, operating at industrial frequencies, in which the current output is regulated and in which the slope of the instantaneous current wave form is steeper than a sinusoidal wave as the current passes through the Zero point.
  • a power supply having two magnetically independent stages.
  • Each stage comprises three magnetic cores, a transformer core, a saturable inductance core, and a control or blocking inductance core.
  • a primary transformer winding is wound on each transformer core.
  • a secondary winding is wound on both the transformer and the saturable inductance core.
  • a premagnetization or control winding is wound on both the saturable inductance and the blocking inductance cores.
  • the stages are electrically interconnected as follows:
  • the primary transformer windings of each stage are serially connected, series aiding, across the source of alternating voltage at industrial frequencies.
  • the secondary windings are serially connected, series aiding across the arc electrodes, the control windings are serially connected in series opposition across a variable amplitude premagnetization source.
  • the serially coupled transformer secondary windings step down the source voltage to an open circuit voltage desired for operator safety at the frequency of the source.
  • the output current amplitude is controlled by the saturable inductance core and the current amplitude is stabilized at a desired amplitude despite load variations.
  • the flux in the saturable core is selectably maintained by the premagnetization windings.
  • the control core suppresses circulating induced currents of twice the source frequency, which will result in a current wave form through the secondary windings which has a steep slope as it passes through zero amplitude. Since the control windings are series bucking, the induced voltages of the fundamental and odd numbered harmonics will be cancelled, thus ensuring that control of the output current is related only to control current.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of power supply constructed in accordance with the present invention
  • FIG. 1 there is shown a power supply to supply an alternating welding current flowing between a workpiece 10 and welding electrode 12.
  • the power supply comprises two sections or stages 14 and 16 of similar magnetic components.
  • Section 14 comprises a transformer core 18, a saturable inductance core 20 and a control inductance core 22.
  • section 18 comprises a transformer core 19, a saturable inductance core 21, and a control inductance core 23;
  • the stages or sections are electrically interconnected by winding couplings.
  • Primary windings 24, 25 are wound on cores 18 and 19, respectively.
  • the primary windings are serially coupled across an alternating source applied to terminals 26, 28.
  • the alternating voltage source may be a conventional power source of industrial frequencies.
  • Secondary windings 30, 31 are respectively wound on cores 18 and 2t) and cores 19 and 21.
  • the secondary windings are serially coupled together and between elec' trode 12 and plate 10.
  • the secondary windings 30 and 31 serve simultaneously as the secondary winding of the step-down transformer energized from the primary windings 24, 25 and serve as the working windings of the saturable core inductances 20, 21.
  • the secondary windings 3t 31 correspond to the secondary of a simple step-down transformer.
  • each winding 30 or 31 generates one-half of the total output voltage used for establishment of an arc.
  • the output voltage is, thus, stepped down from the source voltage to that desired for operation and for operator safety under open circuit conditions.
  • the secondary windings are also coupled across cores 2t 21, the output current amplitude may be changed, by change of the premagnetization flux and, thus, the impedance characteristics of the secondary circuit of windings 30, 31.
  • the premagnetization flux is established in cores 20, 21 by the current flow through the windings 32, 33 derived from the bridge circuit 36.
  • the bridge supplies a full wave rectified voltage, the impedance of coils 32, 33 will introduce a filtering action and the current through the coils will be direct current or a pulsated direct current.
  • the cores 20, 211, the secondary windings 3t), 31, and the premagnetization windings 32, 33 respectively wound thereon constitute a series type magnetic amplifier.
  • the amplifier will control the amplitude of the welding current at an adjustable preset amplitude by variation of the setting of the auto transformer 38.
  • the flow of the working current through the windings 30, 31 will induce a current flow in the premagnetization windings 32, 33 of twice the frequency of the working current.
  • This is a characteristic of series amplifiers.
  • the working current wave form is modified so that the resultant current wave slope is steeper, when passing through zero, than the slope of a sine wave. Since the wave form is symmetrical, it is apparent that the wave form is composed of the addition of the odd harmonics to the basic sinusoidal wave. In order to obtain a steeper slope when passing through zero, the negative maximum of the third harmonic which is the predominant harmonic, must coincide with a positive maximum of the fundamental sine wave.
  • the cores 22, 23 are provided with air gaps to ensure that they will not saturate. It should be noted that, if the impedance of the coils 32, 33 could be maintained infinitely high, the current wave form through coils 30, 31 would be a square wave with an infinite slope through zero.
  • the air gap is preferably adjustable to modify the slope of the working current as it passes through zero.
  • the windings 32, 33 are coupled in phase opposition so as to cancel induced currents of the fundamental or odd harmonic thereof. In this way, control of the premagnetization flux setting is, for practical purposes, entirely dependent only on the premagnetization current in coils 32, 33.
  • FIG. 2 The plot of the output wave form shown in FIG. 2 illustrates the arc stability, namely, a small change in arc current with a large change in arc voltage.
  • the output current wave form is shown in FIG. 3. It can be noted from this plot that the slope of the cur- Li rent is increased as it passes the zero point, without change in the frequency from standard industrial frequencies.
  • a power supply for alternating current arc welding comprising:
  • each of said stages comprising a transformer core, a saturable inductance core, and a control inductance core, a primary transformer winding on each of said transformer cores, a secondary transformer winding on both said transformers and said saturable inductance cores, a control winding on both of said saturable inductance core and said control inductance core;
  • said secondary transformer windings in said first and second stages being serially coupled, series aiding, across said output electrodes;
  • control windings being coupled in series opposition across said control current source.
  • a power supply in accordance with claim 1 in which the inductance of the control winding in each stage is high to suppress induced currents of even harmonics of the fundamental frequency in said secondary windings and in which induced currents of the fundamental frequency in each stage are substantially cancelled by electrical coupling of the control windings in phase opposition.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Arc Welding Control (AREA)
US231239A 1961-12-01 1962-10-17 Saturable transformer regulated power system Expired - Lifetime US3219881A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CH1400961A CH372771A (fr) 1961-12-01 1961-12-01 Appareil générateur de courant pour la soudure à l'arc électrique

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3219881A true US3219881A (en) 1965-11-23

Family

ID=4397174

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US231239A Expired - Lifetime US3219881A (en) 1961-12-01 1962-10-17 Saturable transformer regulated power system

Country Status (6)

Country Link
US (1) US3219881A (de)
BE (1) BE625543A (de)
CH (1) CH372771A (de)
DE (1) DE1148672B (de)
FR (1) FR1335812A (de)
GB (1) GB1011396A (de)

Cited By (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3278833A (en) * 1965-10-22 1966-10-11 Frederick C Owen Core type a.c. welding transformer
US3349219A (en) * 1964-04-07 1967-10-24 Harnischfeger Corp Welding method with controlled rectifier welding power source
US3350538A (en) * 1964-04-07 1967-10-31 Harnischfeger Corp Programmed welding with controlled rectifier welding power source
US3463903A (en) * 1966-04-04 1969-08-26 Secheron Atel Device for the feed of an electric arc welding set from three-phase current
US3612988A (en) * 1969-09-15 1971-10-12 Wanlass Cravens Lamar Flux-gated voltage regulator
US3627976A (en) * 1967-05-09 1971-12-14 Chemetron Corp Nonconsumable electrode welding method and power supply
FR2468983A1 (fr) * 1979-09-27 1981-05-08 Sobiepanek Janusz Transformateur reglable a variation de flux
US4353014A (en) * 1981-04-20 1982-10-05 Rca Corporation Television receiver ferroresonant load power supply with reduced saturable reactor circulating current
US4446405A (en) * 1980-12-29 1984-05-01 Rca Corporation Television receiver ferroresonant load power supply
US8013707B1 (en) * 2010-08-31 2011-09-06 The Boeing Company Magnetic non-contact switch
US20150263636A1 (en) * 2012-08-24 2015-09-17 Abb Technology Ag Distribution transformer

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE1565795B1 (de) * 1966-04-04 1970-07-02 Secheron Atel Lichtbogenschweissanordnung
DE2755232A1 (de) * 1977-12-10 1979-06-13 Karlsruhe Augsburg Iweka Schweisstromquelle zum verschweissen sich mit unterschiedlichem luftspalt gegenueberliegender werkstuecke
US4897773A (en) * 1989-05-03 1990-01-30 The Lincoln Electric Company Inverter output circuit

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2305153A (en) * 1938-11-26 1942-12-15 Fries Eduard Adjustable transformer with high reactance
US2322709A (en) * 1939-01-13 1943-06-22 Frederick C Owen Welding apparatus
US2365722A (en) * 1936-05-12 1944-12-26 Owen Frederick Carlisie Transformer
US2395881A (en) * 1940-08-02 1946-03-05 Raytheon Mfg Co Controlled peaking trasformer
US2758162A (en) * 1951-03-02 1956-08-07 Magnetics Inc Magnetic amplifier

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2365722A (en) * 1936-05-12 1944-12-26 Owen Frederick Carlisie Transformer
US2305153A (en) * 1938-11-26 1942-12-15 Fries Eduard Adjustable transformer with high reactance
US2322709A (en) * 1939-01-13 1943-06-22 Frederick C Owen Welding apparatus
US2395881A (en) * 1940-08-02 1946-03-05 Raytheon Mfg Co Controlled peaking trasformer
US2758162A (en) * 1951-03-02 1956-08-07 Magnetics Inc Magnetic amplifier

Cited By (14)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3349219A (en) * 1964-04-07 1967-10-24 Harnischfeger Corp Welding method with controlled rectifier welding power source
US3350538A (en) * 1964-04-07 1967-10-31 Harnischfeger Corp Programmed welding with controlled rectifier welding power source
US3278833A (en) * 1965-10-22 1966-10-11 Frederick C Owen Core type a.c. welding transformer
US3463903A (en) * 1966-04-04 1969-08-26 Secheron Atel Device for the feed of an electric arc welding set from three-phase current
US3627976A (en) * 1967-05-09 1971-12-14 Chemetron Corp Nonconsumable electrode welding method and power supply
US3612988A (en) * 1969-09-15 1971-10-12 Wanlass Cravens Lamar Flux-gated voltage regulator
FR2468983A1 (fr) * 1979-09-27 1981-05-08 Sobiepanek Janusz Transformateur reglable a variation de flux
US4446405A (en) * 1980-12-29 1984-05-01 Rca Corporation Television receiver ferroresonant load power supply
US4353014A (en) * 1981-04-20 1982-10-05 Rca Corporation Television receiver ferroresonant load power supply with reduced saturable reactor circulating current
US8013707B1 (en) * 2010-08-31 2011-09-06 The Boeing Company Magnetic non-contact switch
CN103069517A (zh) * 2010-08-31 2013-04-24 波音公司 磁性非接触式转换器
CN103069517B (zh) * 2010-08-31 2017-05-10 波音公司 磁性非接触式转换器
US20150263636A1 (en) * 2012-08-24 2015-09-17 Abb Technology Ag Distribution transformer
US10014791B2 (en) * 2012-08-24 2018-07-03 Abb Schweiz Ag Distribution transformer

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
BE625543A (de) 1963-03-15
CH372771A (fr) 1963-10-31
FR1335812A (fr) 1963-08-23
DE1148672B (de) 1963-05-16
GB1011396A (en) 1965-11-24

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