Classifications

• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
  • C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
  • C07C323/00—Thiols, sulfides, hydropolysulfides or polysulfides substituted by halogen, oxygen or nitrogen atoms, or by sulfur atoms not being part of thio groups
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
  • C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
  • C07D327/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing rings having oxygen and sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms
  • C07D327/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing rings having oxygen and sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms one oxygen atom and one sulfur atom
  • C07D327/06—Six-membered rings
  • C07D327/08—[b,e]-condensed with two six-membered carbocyclic rings
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
  • C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
  • C07D329/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing rings having oxygen and selenium or oxygen and tellurium atoms as the only ring hetero atoms
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
  • C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
  • C07D333/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings having one sulfur atom as the only ring hetero atom
  • C07D333/50—Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings having one sulfur atom as the only ring hetero atom condensed with carbocyclic rings or ring systems
  • C07D333/76—Dibenzothiophenes
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
  • C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
  • C07D339/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing rings having two sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms
  • C07D339/08—Six-membered rings
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
  • C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
  • C07D343/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing rings having sulfur and selenium or sulfur and tellurium atoms as the only ring hetero atoms
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
  • C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
  • C07D345/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing rings having selenium or tellurium atoms as the only ring hetero atoms
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
  • C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
  • C08K5/00—Use of organic ingredients
  • C08K5/36—Sulfur-, selenium-, or tellurium-containing compounds
  • C08K5/37—Thiols
  • C08K5/375—Thiols containing six-membered aromatic rings
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
  • C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
  • C08K5/00—Use of organic ingredients
  • C08K5/36—Sulfur-, selenium-, or tellurium-containing compounds
  • C08K5/45—Heterocyclic compounds having sulfur in the ring
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
  • C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
  • C08K5/00—Use of organic ingredients
  • C08K5/36—Sulfur-, selenium-, or tellurium-containing compounds
  • C08K5/48—Selenium- or tellurium-containing compounds
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
  • C09K5/00—Heat-transfer, heat-exchange or heat-storage materials, e.g. refrigerants; Materials for the production of heat or cold by chemical reactions other than by combustion
  • C09K5/08—Materials not undergoing a change of physical state when used
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
  • C10M1/00—Liquid compositions essentially based on mineral lubricating oils or fatty oils; Their use as lubricants
  • C10M1/08—Liquid compositions essentially based on mineral lubricating oils or fatty oils; Their use as lubricants with additives
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
  • C10M2219/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing sulfur, selenium or tellurium as ingredients in lubricant compositions
  • C10M2219/08—Thiols; Sulfides; Polysulfides; Mercaptals
  • C10M2219/082—Thiols; Sulfides; Polysulfides; Mercaptals containing sulfur atoms bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms
  • C10M2219/086—Thiols; Sulfides; Polysulfides; Mercaptals containing sulfur atoms bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms containing sulfur atoms bound to carbon atoms of six-membered aromatic rings
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
  • C10M2219/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing sulfur, selenium or tellurium as ingredients in lubricant compositions
  • C10M2219/09—Heterocyclic compounds containing no sulfur, selenium or tellurium compounds in the ring
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
  • C10M2219/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing sulfur, selenium or tellurium as ingredients in lubricant compositions
  • C10M2219/10—Heterocyclic compounds containing sulfur, selenium or tellurium compounds in the ring
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
  • C10M2219/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing sulfur, selenium or tellurium as ingredients in lubricant compositions
  • C10M2219/10—Heterocyclic compounds containing sulfur, selenium or tellurium compounds in the ring
  • C10M2219/102—Heterocyclic compounds containing sulfur, selenium or tellurium compounds in the ring containing sulfur and carbon only in the ring
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
  • C10M2219/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing sulfur, selenium or tellurium as ingredients in lubricant compositions
  • C10M2219/10—Heterocyclic compounds containing sulfur, selenium or tellurium compounds in the ring
  • C10M2219/104—Heterocyclic compounds containing sulfur, selenium or tellurium compounds in the ring containing sulfur and carbon with nitrogen or oxygen in the ring
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
  • C10M2219/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing sulfur, selenium or tellurium as ingredients in lubricant compositions
  • C10M2219/10—Heterocyclic compounds containing sulfur, selenium or tellurium compounds in the ring
  • C10M2219/104—Heterocyclic compounds containing sulfur, selenium or tellurium compounds in the ring containing sulfur and carbon with nitrogen or oxygen in the ring
  • C10M2219/106—Thiadiazoles

Definitions

• the present invention relates to the manufacture of highly chlorinated aryl sulfides.
• the objects of the present invention are aryl sulfides having'ia high chlorine content, ie aryl sulfides containing in themolecule "at least 6 chlorine atoms, and a process for themanufacture of such products.
• starting materials which contain already some chlorine atoms in the molecule.
• products for example, monoor dichlorobenzenes, monoand dichlorotoluenes or -Xylenes chlorinated in the nucleus which are not substituted in at least one orthoor para-position to the methyl group in the aromatic ring, 4,4-dichlorod-iphenyl, 4,4-d-ichlorodiphenylether, 4,4'-dichlorodiphenylsulfide, etc.
• the starting materials can also first be prechlorinated in the nucleus according to .a known process and then, with the addition of sulfur and/or sulfur chlorides, be chlorinated further according to the process of the invention.
• the chlorination is carried out in the presence of sulfur and/ or sulfur halides, such as sulfur monoch'loride or sulfur dichloride.
• sulfur and/ or sulfur halides such as sulfur monoch'loride or sulfur dichloride.
• elementary sulfur since from this sulfur there are formed sulfur halides, and application of the elementary sulfur constitutes the most economic method.
• Sulfur or the sulfur chlorides, such as monoand dichloride essentially serve as sulfur suppliers. However, it does not seem to be impossible that, to a certain extent, they also serve as chlorination agents since the equilibrium must be taken into account.
• sulfur chlorides there may be used sulfur bromides or sulfur iodides, however, the chlorides are preferred.
• chlorination agents there may be used, for example, gaseous or liquid chlorine. Especially satisfactory is the known chlorination method with sulfuryl chloride. It is recommended, both when carrying out the chlorination with elementary chlorine and when applying sulfuryl chloride, also .to use catalysts promoting the nuclear substitu tion, especially Friedel-Crafts catalysts.
• aluminum chloride instead of aluminum chloride there may also be used iron chloride, zinc chloride, titanium tetrachloride, antimony pentachloride, bismuth trichloride, boron trifiuoride or iodide, or mixtures of said compounds.
• Compounds which give off aluminum or iron ions in the reaction such as metallic aluminum, fullers earth or argillaceous earth, etc, are also suitable for this purpose.
• the chlorination reaction can be carried out under reduced, normal or elevated pressure in a discontinuous or continuous manner. It may be advantageous to use solvents or diluents. As such there may be used sulfuryl chloride, furthermore carbon tetrachloride, chloroform, triand tetrachloroethylene, hexachlorethane, perchlorobutadiene, hexachloro-cyclopentadiene, nitrobenzene, trichloromonofluoromethane, trifluorochloroethylene and other substances that do not react with chlorine or sulfuryl chloride or only to a small extent.
• the application of superatomospheric pressure may be necessitated, for example, by the use of solvents or sulfuryl chloride when the operation is carried out at temperatures above the boiling point of the solvents or of the sulfuryl chloride.
• the chlorination reaction is suitably carried out at temperatures ranging from 0 to about 150 C. Temperatures within the range of 20 to C. are preferred, while normally the operation is carried out at temperatures of about 70 C. In many cases the chlorination can first be carried out at a low temperature, up to about 50 C., until the condensation reaction is finished. Later on it is recommended to apply higher temperatures, up to about 60 to 75 C. Temperatures above C. can only be used when the products formed do not show decomposition phenomena. Tests have shown that, by the exhaustive chlorination of diphenyl sulfide or of thianthrene at temperatures above 150 C., for example, there is obtained hexachlorobenzene with the cleavage of the sulfur bridges.
• the degree of chlorination of the compound formed depends on the quantity and the concentration of the chlorination agent or catalyst participating in the reaction, and also on the temperature participating in the reaction. Low temperatures promote the formation of compounds in which the highest degree of chlorination that is theoretically possible is not yet attained. In contrast thereto a higher catalyst concentration generally leads to the formation of compounds having the highest degree of chlorination. After compounds are formed simultaneously which have different degrees of chlorination.
• a chlorination of the methyl groups does not in general take place. Only when a considerable excess of chlorine is applied does chlorination of the methyl groups occur. The application of a surplus of 100 mole percent of chlorination agents, calculated on the halogen-free compound applied, generally does not lead to an attack on the methyl groups to a noticeable degree.
• the highly chlorinated aryl sulfides of the Formulae I and II, in which m, n, p, x, y and Z have the above mentioned meaning, are remarkably stable. They cam be used as stabilizers, particularly for chlorine-containing; high polymers, as pesticides, as flame-proofing agents, as additives to lubricants, as antioxidants and as vulcaniza tion accelerators.
• the compounds can be used as; such and also in admixture with one another. In the molten state they are suitable as stable, warm transmitting liqlllv
• the high molecular weight resins may be used, for example, as casting resin, especially for the cable industry and for lining condensers.
• the compounds are, furthermore, suitable as intermediate products for the production of pharmaceutical preparations, pesticides and chlorinecontaining diand polycarboxylic acids.
• EXAMPLE 1 257.5 g. of sulfur dichloride (2.5 moles), diluted with 810 g. of sulfuryl chloride (6 moles) were added drop wise to a suspension of 10 g. of anhydrous aluminum chloride in 184 g. of toluene (2 moles), while stirring well. A vigorous splitting oif of sulfur dioxide and hydrogen chloride set in. After the addition of another 810 g. of sulfuryl chloride, the temperature was raised to about C. When the reaction mixture was afterheated for three hours at the same temperature, the mixture solidifiedi substantially. After comminution, the excess quantity of sulfuryl chloride was decomposed by the addition of di-- lute alcohol, and the remaining greenish-yellow crystalline residue was filtered off with suction.
• EXAMPLE 2 A mixture of 810 g. of sulfuryl chloride (6 moles) and 337.5 g. of sulfur monochloride (2.5 moles) was introduced slowly, while stirring well, into a suspension of 5 g. of anhydrous aluminum chloride in 92 g. of toluene- (1 mole). The reaction was discontinued after heatingfor three hours at 70 C. at the reflux condenser.
• the portion dissolved in the xylene was a mixture of highly chlorinated ditolyl sulfides.
• the substance had an approximate flowing point of 253 to 257 C.
• the flowing point of the product that had been recrystallized several times from xylene was 279 to 281 C. (not corrected).
• the preparation corresponds to a mixture of about equal parts of heptachloroditolylsulfide and oetachloroditolylsulfide.
• EXAMPLE 5 170 g. of technically pure diphenyl ether (1 mole) were dissolved in 200 g. of carbon tetrachloride. After the addition of 10 g. of aluminum chloride and 64 g. of sulfur (2 moles), 1350 g. of chlorine (38 moles) were introduced into this solution at 60 C. in the course of 24 hours, in the course of which operation a white crystalline mass began to precipitate from the batch. Then there was separated first the carbon tetrachloride by distillation under normal pressure and part of the sulfur dichloride present in the reaction mixture in an excess quantity. Then the residual quantity of the sulfur dichloride was removed by vacuum distillation.
• the solid, largely crystalline residue was three times tri-turated with 200 cc. of petroleum ether, respectively, and after each washing separated from the mother liquor by filtration under pressure.
• EXAMPLE 223 g. of 4,4'-dichlorodiphenyl obtained according to known processes by the chlorination of diphenyl in the presence of 0.5% by weight of iodine were dissolved in 200 g. of carbon tetrachloride and, after the addition of 64 g. of sulfur (2 moles) and 10 g. of anhydrous aluminum chloride, chlorinated in the manner described in Example 1. After distilling off the carbon tetrachloride and the excess quantity of sulfur'dichloride 485' g. of a partially crystalline residue were obtained which, in order to remove the adherent aluminum chloride, was washed three times with 250 g.
• EXAMPLE 7 To a solution of 1125 g. of monochlorobenzene in 2000 g. of carbon tetrachloride were added first 50 g. of aluminum chloride and then, in the course of 60 minutes, 640 g. of sulfur at room temperature. Then gaseous chlorine was passed into the mixture in the course of 72 hours at the rate of g. per hour. The excess quantity of sulfur dichloride contained in the reaction mixture was distilled off together with part of the carbon tetrachloride the evaporation losses of which were replenished by adding measured quantities of a total of 1500 g. of carbon tetrachloride. After the termination of the chlorination, the actual processing began when 2 l.
• a compound of the formula 01 C1 C1 C1 Cl S C1 in 1 n 31 2.
• the process for the manufacture of an aryl sulfide highly chlorinated in the aromatic nucleus which comprises contacting (1) a compound selected from the group consisting of benzene, toluene, xylene, a substitution product thereof chlorinated in the aromatic nucleus and, containing up to 2 chlorine atoms in the nucleus, and a compound of the formula CH m 3).
• n and m are Whole numbers from 0 to 2
• p is a whole number from 0 to 1
• Z represents a member selected from the group consisting of oxygen and sulfur with (2) a member selected from the group consisting of chlorine and sulfuryl chloride in the presence of (3) a member selected from the group consisting of sulfur, sulfur monochloride and sulfur dichloride.

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