Classifications

• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
  • D06M13/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with non-macromolecular organic compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment
  • D06M13/322—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with non-macromolecular organic compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment with compounds containing nitrogen
  • D06M13/402—Amides imides, sulfamic acids
  • D06M13/432—Urea, thiourea or derivatives thereof, e.g. biurets; Urea-inclusion compounds; Dicyanamides; Carbodiimides; Guanidines, e.g. dicyandiamides

Definitions

• This invention relates to a fabric softener and more particularly to a free-flowing liquid fabric softener which has an improved product stability and freeze recovery.
• softening agents may be applied in the laundering process to improve the softness or hand of clothes or other textile fabrics washed thereby. These softening agents are commonly used during the rinsing of the fabrics or are applied in a separate bath following the ordinary rinsing step. e
• the softening agent be readily soluble or dispersible in the moderately warm or even cold water which may be used in the rinsing bath. Moreover, it is desirable that these agents be highly active and substantive to cloth when present in low concentrations in the rinsing bath. In addition, a highly active and readily dispersible product provides the housewife with ease of application and enables her to achieve maximum softening effects with a minimum of product.
• liquid fabric softeners available today, many of which are based upon various long chain quarternary ammonium compounds as the active softening ingredient. Higher molecular weight quarternary ammonium compounds have been found to be particularly useful for fabric softening because they are readily adsorbed upon the fibers of cloth from dilute aqueous dispersions.
• Patented Nov. 9, 1965 ice highly stable at the temperatures encountered during the marketing process and during laundering without loss of effective softening benefits.
• Another object is to provide a fabric softening composition that has a superior recovery when thawed after freezing so that it is thereafter pourable and readily dispersible in cold water.
• Still a further object is to provide a highly active concentrated retail fabric softening composition which combines the benefits of ease of application with economical marketing costs.
• This invention is based on the discovery that small quantities of certain organic agents impart unique stabilizing properties to a fabric softening composition containing particular quarternary ammonium compounds.
• the stabilizing effects of this invention consist of a superior recovery of product fiowability and dispersibility upon thawing after freezing, and non-separability of product throughout the temperature range of about 30 F. to 120 F.
• the particular stabilizing agents used in this invention are the derivatives of diphenyl urea having the structure wherein one Z represents chlorine and the other Z represents a member selected from the group consisting of chlorine and the trifluoromethyl group and the Y atoms total one chlorine and two hydrogens.
• diphenyl urea derivatives herein defined ranging in amount from about 0.05% to about 0.9% by weight of the composition and preferably in an amount of 0.2% to 0.5% by weight, imparts an outstanding stability to aqueous mixtures of certain tetra alkyl ammonium salts and in particular the dialykyl dimethyl ammonium salts having the general structure structure and preferred for its useful softening effects upon fabrics is ditallow dimethyl ammonium chloride, tallow being the alkyl radicals corresponding to those in tallow fatty alcohol, i.e., a mixture of palmityl and stearyl radicals.
• quaternary ammonium compounds may be prepared by several well known means including the alkylation of alkyl secondary amines with alkyl halides such, for example, as described in US. Patent No. 2,775,617.
• alkyl secondary amines with alkyl halides such as described in US. Patent No. 2,775,617.
• Those tetra alkyl ammonium salts having two long chain C C alkyl groups have fabric softening characteristics superior to related compounds (e.g., those having shorter chain lengths or only one long chain alkyl group) but present greater stability problems than such related compounds.
• Example 1 A mixture of the following ingredients was prepared.
• Dialkyl dimethyl ammonium chloride 75% active ingredient dispersed in isopropanol and water, the dialkyl group being approximately 24% hexadecyl, 75% octadecyl and 1% octadecenyl 7.0 3,4,4'-trichlorocarbanilide 7.0
• the Bluing agent designated CI Acid Blue T/321, and sold under the trademark Polar Brilliant Blue GAW 180%, by Geigy Dyestuffs, New York, New York.
• the Arquad 2HT-75 was first heated until it melted at about 120 F.
• the trichlorocarbanilide was then dissolved in the molten Arquad 2HT-75 to form mixture A which was a clear solution.
• the color, perfume and nonyl phenol ethylene oxide condensate were then added to the water to form mixture B. While still warm, mixture A was added to mixture B with agitation to form a final stable and pourable mixture having a viscosity of 100 cps. at room temperature.
• the minor additives in mixture B though having no material effect upon the softening power and stability of the final mixture, were used for certain desirable effects.
• the Polar Brilliant Blue produced a whitening effect on laundered clothing
• the perfume added a pleasant odor to the softener
• the nonyl phenol ethylene oxide condensate reduced the viscosity of the final mixture.
• No product separation was noticeable when the final mixture was subjected to a storage temperature of 100 F. for a period of one year, whereas a similar product containing no trichlorocarbanilide produced substantial separation of ingredients in the form of a conspicuous layer at the bottom of the product container after a storage period of only one month at 100
• the stabilized final mixture froze when subjected to a temperature of 20 F.
• Example 2 One part by weight of 3,4,4'-trichlorocarbanilide was added to 14 parts by weight of molten Arquad 2HT75 (ditallow dimethyl ammonium chloride). This mixture was then added to 185 parts by weight of water with agitation to form a stable and pourable suspension having a viscosity (Brookfield) of about 350 cps. at room temperature.
• Four test samples of this mixture showed no signs of product separation when kept at temperatures of 80, 100, 120 and 140 F., respectively, during storage periods of five months, whereas a similar product containing no trichlorocarbanilide produced substantial separation of ingredients in the form of a conspicuous layer at the bottom of the product container after a storage period of only one week at 100 F.
• the stabilized mixture When used at a concentration of 4 grams per gallon of water for rinsing laundered clothes, the stabilized mixture imparted a desirable soft feel to the clothes.
• the trichlorocarbanilide also provided an effective anti
• Distearyl dimethyl ammonium bromide can be substituted for the Arquad 2HT75" in Example 2 with substantially equal results.
• Example 3 Three parts by weight of 4,4-dichloro-3-(trifluoromethyl) carbanilide were added to parts by weight of molten Arquad 2HT-75 (ditallow dimethyl ammonium chloride). This mixture was then added to 927 parts by weight of water with agitation. The final mixture was stable and pourable. Four test samples of this mixture showed no signs of product separation when kept at temperatures of and F., respectively, during storage periods of four months. When used at a concentration of 4 grams per gallon of water for rinsing laundered clothes, the stabilized mixture imparts a soft feel to the clothes.
• Dipalmityl dimethyl ammonium ethosulfate can be substituted for the Arquad 2HT-75 in Example 3 with substantially equal results.
• various amounts of the active softening agent herein defined can be used ranging from about 3% to about 8% by weight of the total composition. Amounts less than about 3% are relatively'dilute and do not satisfy the objective of producing an effective concentrated fabric softener composition. Amounts greater than 8% tend to become too viscous for satisfactory usage even with the use of diphenyl urea derivatives. It is preferable to use about 4-6%.
• the active softening agents can also be incorporated into the softening composition herein defined by adding them in their pure form instead of in the form of aqueous dispersions, such as the aforesaid Arquad 2HT-75, with substantially equal results.
• the amount of diphenyl urea derivative used can vary from about 0.05% to about 0.9% by weight of the total composition. The amount used will depend somewhat upon the amount of active softening agent used and the Although, as previously described, the use of the diphenyl urea derivatives herein defined achieves the marked improvement in stability of product and freeze recovery, it is advantageous to incorporate in the softening composition a small amount of a water-soluble nonionic surfactant for its fiuidizing effects.
• the use of a nonyl phenol condensed with 9 molecules of ethylene oxide has been found to be satisfactory for reducing the viscosity of the softener composition of this invention although a sufliciently pourable product can be obtained without its incorporation.
• the stabilized fabric softener compositions of this invention can be prepared by dissolving about 1 to about 18 parts by weight of the diphenyl urea derivatives herein defined in about 60 to about 160 par-ts by Weight of the molten dialkyl dimethyl ammonium salts herein defined to form a clear intermediate solution and dispersing about 3 to about 9 parts by weight of the said intermediate solution in about 91 to about 97 parts by weight of an aqueous system which can contain the aforesaid minor ingredients.
• a very satisfactory composition can be prepared according to this procedure by using about 10 parts by weight of 3,4,4'-trichlorocarbanilide with about 105 parts by weight of ditallow dimethyl ammonium chloride and by using about 5.75 parts by Weight of the intermediate solution prepared thereby with about 94.25 parts by Weight of the aqueous system.
• a stable fabric softener composition which comprises dissolving about 1 to about 18 parts by weight of a derivative of diphenyl urea selected from the group having the general formula wherein one Z represents chlorine and the other Z represents a member selected from the group consisting of chlorine and the trifiuoromethyl group and the Y atoms total one chlorine and two hydrogens in about to about 160 parts by weight of a molten quaternary ammonium compound selected from the group having the general formula R2 CH3 [Kr R CH wherein R and R are alkyl groups having from about 16 to about 18 carbon atoms and X is the anion of a Water-soluble salt and is selected from the group consisting of chloride, bromide and ethosulfate to form a clear intermediate solution and mixing about 3 to about 9 parts by Weight of the said intermediate solution in about 91 to about 97 parts by weight of water to form the final stabilized fabric softener composition.

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• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Textile Engineering (AREA)
• Treatments For Attaching Organic Compounds To Fibrous Goods (AREA)

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Cited By (6)

Citations (8)

• 0
  • NL NL283081D patent/NL283081A/xx unknown
  • BE BE622157D patent/BE622157A/xx unknown
• 1961
  • 1961-09-11 US US137056A patent/US3216944A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
• 1962
  • 1962-09-08 DE DEP30145A patent/DE1190424B/de active Pending

Patent Citations (8)

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