US3212297A - Run-proof seamless hosiery and method of making same - Google Patents

Run-proof seamless hosiery and method of making same Download PDF

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Publication number
US3212297A
US3212297A US180289A US18028962A US3212297A US 3212297 A US3212297 A US 3212297A US 180289 A US180289 A US 180289A US 18028962 A US18028962 A US 18028962A US 3212297 A US3212297 A US 3212297A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
wales
yarn
yarns
torque
nylon
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US180289A
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English (en)
Inventor
Robert M Matthews
Jule W Kaylor
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
VAC HOSIERY CORP
Original Assignee
VAC HOSIERY CORP
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority to BE629666D priority Critical patent/BE629666A/xx
Priority to NL277336D priority patent/NL277336A/xx
Application filed by VAC HOSIERY CORP filed Critical VAC HOSIERY CORP
Priority to US180289A priority patent/US3212297A/en
Priority to GB12626/62A priority patent/GB990070A/en
Priority to SE3707/62A priority patent/SE304802B/xx
Priority to AT277262A priority patent/AT246309B/de
Priority to NO143916A priority patent/NO117993B/no
Priority to DEC26695A priority patent/DE1282223B/de
Priority to CH444462A priority patent/CH403143A/de
Priority to FR896872A priority patent/FR1321361A/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US3212297A publication Critical patent/US3212297A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04B—KNITTING
    • D04B1/00—Weft knitting processes for the production of fabrics or articles not dependent on the use of particular machines; Fabrics or articles defined by such processes
    • D04B1/06—Non-run fabrics or articles
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04B—KNITTING
    • D04B1/00—Weft knitting processes for the production of fabrics or articles not dependent on the use of particular machines; Fabrics or articles defined by such processes
    • D04B1/22—Weft knitting processes for the production of fabrics or articles not dependent on the use of particular machines; Fabrics or articles defined by such processes specially adapted for knitting goods of particular configuration
    • D04B1/24—Weft knitting processes for the production of fabrics or articles not dependent on the use of particular machines; Fabrics or articles defined by such processes specially adapted for knitting goods of particular configuration wearing apparel
    • D04B1/26—Weft knitting processes for the production of fabrics or articles not dependent on the use of particular machines; Fabrics or articles defined by such processes specially adapted for knitting goods of particular configuration wearing apparel stockings
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04B—KNITTING
    • D04B35/00—Details of, or auxiliary devices incorporated in, knitting machines, not otherwise provided for
    • D04B35/02—Knitting tools or instruments not provided for in group D04B15/00 or D04B27/00
    • D04B35/04—Latch needles

Definitions

  • This invention relates to ladies seamless nylon hosiery and more particularly to such hosiery that will not run in any direction when the hose or stocking is snagged or picked, or even punctured with a sizeable hole.
  • the knit construction of the stocking of the present invention is characterized generally by a uniform arrangement of tuck stitches and floats extending throughout the wales and courses of the knitted stocking, and all of the tuck stitches being substantially of the same size.
  • a body yarn end and a float yarn end are used in each of the tuck stitches, and the float yarn end is preferably a nylon torque yarn while the body yarn end is preferably a plain or non-torque nylon yarn.
  • the successive tuck stitches in each Wale are connected to each other and are not separated by plain stitches, and the tuck stitches in adjacent Wales partially overlap each other in a longitudinal direction.
  • the knitted pattern has a symmetry which is maintained from Wale to Wale so as to provide a uniform pattern of tuck stitches of substantially the same size in each and every wale.
  • the floats which extend transversely through the fabric are also uniform in size and disposition and thereby add to the uniformity and symmetry of the entire knitted pattern.
  • the seamless stocking of the present invention has a plain or nonmesh type of pattern. This new stocking appears, at usual viewing distances, to be the same as the popular plain stitch nylon stocking, but which in this case has been rendered run-proof by means of the special knit construction of the present invention, as above described.
  • Another characterizing feature of the knitted fabric and stocking of the present invention is that adjacent needle wales are linked together in a special manner by the non-torque nylon yarn which extends from one needle Wale through the adjacent sinker wale to the next adjacent needle Wale.
  • Still another characterizing feature of the fabric of the present invention is that adjacent sinker wales are linked together by means of the non-torque nylon yarn.
  • a further characterizing feature is that succeeding courses are linked or connected to each other by the torque nylon yarn and the non-torque nylon yarn, which are knitted to form tuck stitches.
  • the tuck stitches which are composed of two held loops and one tuck loop (with the nylon torque yarn forming floats behind the tuck stitches) are interconnected throughout the courses and Wales of the fabric. These linkages are so numerous and positive that the knitted fabric will resist successfully runs in any and all directions in the fabric from snags and even severely damaging areas in the fabric.
  • the Scott & Williamson Model KN Machine employs gauge needles.
  • a machine equipped with the so-called forward hook needles an example of which is one known in the trade as Arrow No. 3962, manufactured by Textile Machine Works, of Reading, Pennsylvania.
  • the forward hooked end of the needle facilitates the laying-in of the float yarn behind alternate needles during the operation of the 400 needle Model KN Machine.
  • seamless nylon hose of the present invention using these forward hook needles, we employ, as one of the nylon yarns, a torque yarn that has been twisted suiciently to impart to the yarn a marked torque or tendency to untwist in the direction opposite to the twist.
  • This type of yarn is disclosed in Burleson and Holmes U.S. Patent No. 2,271,737, issued November 27, 1956, and in Leath and Bobo Patent No. 2,771,733, issued November 27, 1956.
  • a torque yarn having an S torque is used to assure deposition of the torque yarn in floating position behind alternate needles.
  • the torque of the yarn whether S or Z, is opposite in direction to the direction in which the yarn is twisted.
  • the abovementioned S torque yarn will have been twisted in a Z direction.
  • suflicient torque is 0btained for the purpose of the present invention by twisting 7 or 10 denier monotilament nylon yarn about 20-30 turns per inch, as described in the Burleson et al. and Leath et al. patents, supra.
  • This yarn does not require any preheat setting, and once the yarn is knitted and the stocking heated during boarding the torque yarn will shrink and set the stitches.
  • FIG. 1 is a diagrammatic illustration of a ladies seamless nylon stocking embodying the special knit construction of the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is an enlarged inverted elevational view of the small area enclosed in dotted lines in the calf of the stocking illustrated in FIG-URE 1, and showing greatly magnified the uniform stitch construction of the non-run stocking of the present invention
  • FIG. 3 is a diagrammatic illustration, on a substantially enlarged scale, of a small portion of the knitted pattern shown in FIGURE 2;
  • FIGS. 4, 5, 6, 7, 8 and 9 are elevational views of one of the forward hook needles used for knitting the seamless -stocking of the present invention and illustrating the needle at different positions in the operation of the seamless knitting machine and also illustrating the disposition of the several loops formed by the torque and non-torque yarns at different needle positions.
  • FIGURE 1 the stocking of the present invention illustrated in FIGURE 1 comprises a welt 10, a calf or leg portion 11, a foot 12, heel 13 and toe 14.
  • the special knit construction of the present invention is particularly applicable to the leg and foot portions -11 and 12, while the welt 10 and heel and toe -13 and 14 may be conventional knit construction if desired.
  • the broken line square 15 in FIGURE 1 indicates a small portion in the leg of the stocking which is illustrated in magnified form in FIGURE 2 of the drawing.
  • the tuck stitches such as illustrated broadly at 16 extend throughout the knitted fabric and are substantially of uniform size and shape.
  • the floats such as shown at 18 extend transversely of the fabric and are substantially of uniform size and disposition. Further details of the special knit construction shown in FIGURE 2 can be more easily seen and understood by reference to the substantially enlarged diagrammatic illustration in FIGURE 3.
  • Each needle wale F, G and H comprises successive -tuck stitches 16.
  • Each of these tuck stitches 16 comprises two held loops 26 and 27 formed of both yarns and one tuck loop 29 formed of the non-torque 4body yarn. It will be noted that each of the tuck stitches V16 in each needle wale F, G and H is linked or connected to the next succeeding tuck stitch by the plain non-torque nylon body yarn held loop 26 and by the torque nylon float yarn held loop 27.
  • a KN single feed knitting machine is set up for knitting the linke-d course, linked wale, non-run fabric by cutting the cylinder pattern jacks to make the desired pattern. Then the selector drum jacks are cut so that alternate needles will be tucking and oating in each successive course.
  • the knitting machine is also to be equipped with 400 forward hook needles, such as the Arrow No. 3962 forward hook needle.
  • the knitting machine is threaded as follows:
  • Finger No. 6- This is the float finger which is to be threaded with a 10 denier twisted nylon torque yarn which has been twisted in a Z twist direction which will correspondingly have an S twist torque.
  • the selected forward hook needle in the high knitting position has positioned below the latch of the needle a held loop of each yarn and one tuck loop as it approaches the stitch cam. While in this position, the hook of the needle takes on a plain or raw body yarn and a float yarn from the body yarn finger and float yarn finger. This needle has been placed in this high knitting position by the jack gate cam. As the cylinder rotates, the needle is forced downward by the action of the stitch cam which sheds the two held loops and the tuck loop while the hook of the needle still holds the plain body yarn and torque iioat yarn which were previously placed in the hook of the needle while it was in the high knitting position.
  • the cylinder rotates, and the cylinder jack goes behind the jack cam which leaves the needle in a low tucking position at which point the latch is open permitting the needle to take on another body yarn, immediately following which the torque float yarn is positioned behind the hook of the forward hook needle.
  • the cylinder then rotates in the direction of the stitch cam with two loops of body yarn, one loop of torque yarn in the hook of the needle; the needle goes downward closing the latchon the needle as it passes underneath the stitch cam.
  • the cylinder rotates again in the direction of the jack gate cam at which time the needle is raised by the cylinder jack gate cam to the high knitting position which positions the two loops of body yarn and the loop of torque yarn beneath the latch of the needle. This completes the knitting sequence and the action of the needles is repeated as outlined above. This leaves the hook free at this point to receive the body yarn and the float torque yarn when the needle is again positioned to start a new cycle.
  • FIGURES 4-9 of the drawings the following specific description illustrates the operation of one of the needles in the circular knitting machine in two revolutions of the needle cylinder.
  • FIGURE 4 the needle 40 is shown in the high knitting position at which time the forward hook 41 of the needle takes on or holds the raw, i.e. plain, non-torque nylon yarn 42 and the torque nylon yarn 43 to form stitch loops thereof and at t-he same time the latch is cleared for shedding the tuck stitch previously formed and consisting of the tWo raw non-torque yarn loops 44 and 45 and the torque nylon yarn loop 46. As shown in FIG. 4, the yarn loops 44-46 are below the latch 48.
  • FIGURE 5 the needle 40 is shown in knitting position while going under the stitch cam on the knitting machine.
  • the latch 48 has been closed so as to hold the non-torque yarn loop 42 and the torque loop 43.
  • FIGURE 6 the needle 40 is shown in the next position in which its jack is going behind the jack gate cam and at which time the tuck stitch previously formed has been knocked over, the latch 48 having been opened as the needle was raised by the end cam after passing under the stitch cam, the non-torque plain yarn loop 42 and the torque yarn loop 43 have not been shed from the needle but remain on the latch 48.
  • the needle 40 has just passed the yarn feeding point and picked up a non-torque yarn 60 to tuck the same while a torque yarn 61 is floated.
  • the latch 48 is open and the needle hook 41 contains two loops of plain nylon yarn 42 and 60, 61 and one lop of torque nylon yarn 43, while the torque yarn shown at 61 is oating behind the needle hook.
  • the needle 40 is in knitting position and is going under the stitch cam.
  • the latch 48 is closed to form the tuck stitch indicated generally at 66 and which is composed of two held loops 42, 43 and one tuck loop 60 while the torque yarn 61 is being floated.
  • FIGURE 9 the needle 40 is shown raised to a high knitting position as it goes over the jack gate cam. In this position there are no yarns held by the hook 41, the latch 48 is open and the tuck stitch indicated generally at 69, composed of two held loops and one tuck loop, is below the latch 48 and in position to be cast from the needle when it is drawn down to stitch forming level in the next revolution of the needle cylinder. At this point the needle returns to the position illustrated in FIGURE 4 to begin the formation of the next stitch and the cycle is repeated.
  • the needle selection would be reversed so that the intervening needles would be raised to latch-clearing position and take both yarns in their hooks and the alternate needles would be raised to tuck level and take only the non-torque yarn in their hooks. This sequence of knitting would be repeated throughout the knitting of the nonrun fabric.
  • the hosiery of the instant invention has been referred to herein as non-run, run-proof, completely non-run and the like. These references are intended as applied to the hoisery under stresses and strains normally encountered in average Wearing conditions. When subjected to stresses and strains in excess of those normally encountered, the hoisery of the instant invention may run in a direction upwardly, but not downwardly, of the hoisery. Because, under normal conditions of wear, run producing stresses and strains decrease upwardly of the hosiery, the hosiery of the instant invention under normal conditions of wear is considered to be non-run.
  • Knitted ladies sheer seamless non-run nylon hosiery which prevents runs in all directions in the hoisery from snagged yarns or even punctures, said hoisery having the appearance of a plain knit fabric, being characterized by the absence of any plain stitches and consisting of courses and wales of knitted stitches with two yarns in each stitch, each wale having regularly recurring tuck stitches directly 6 connected to each other, the tuck stitches in immediately adjacent wales partially overlapping with respect to each other in a longitudinal direction, one only of said yarns being a nylon torque yarn, said nylon torque yarn being knitted in all of said tuck stitches and floated across all of said tuck stitches.
  • Knitted seamless non-run nylon hoisery as defined in claim 1 and in which the tuck stitches in immediately adjacent needle Wales are interlinked to each other by a tuck loop of plain non-torque nylon yarn and the tuck stitches in alternate wales are interconnected by floats of the nylon torque yarn.
  • Knitted seamless non-run nylon hosiery as defined in claim 1 and in which each needle Wale is composed of succeeding tuck stitches of substantially the same size, and each tuck stitch comprises two loops of plain nylon yarn and one loop of torque nylon yarn.
  • a seamless knitted ladies sheer non-run hoisiery fabric having the appearance of a plain knit fabric, said non-run fabric characterized by the absence of any plain stitches and consisting of (1) successive courses having wales of knitted stitches each formed of two synthetic heat-settable yarns,
  • each alternate single course consisting of held loops positioned in alternate single wales and being formed of both of said yarns, tuck loops positioned in intervening single wales and being formed of one of said yarns, and floats positioned in said intervening single wales and being formed of the other of said yarns, and
  • each intervening single course consisting of held loops positioned in said intervening single wales and being formed of both of said yarns, tuck loops positioned in said alternate single wales and being formed of said one of said yarns, and iioats positioned in said alternate single wales and being formed of said other of said yarns.
  • each alternate single course consisting essentially of held loops positioned in alternate single wales and being formed of both of said yarns, tuck loops positioned in intervening single wales and being formed of one of said yarns, and floats positioned in said intervening single wales and being formed of the other of said yarns, and
  • each intervening single course consisting essentially of held loops positioned in said intervening single wales and being formed of both of said yarns, tuck loops positioned in said alternate single wales and being formed of said one of said yarns, and floats positioned in said alternate single wales and being formed of said other of said yarns.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Knitting Of Fabric (AREA)
US180289A 1962-03-16 1962-03-16 Run-proof seamless hosiery and method of making same Expired - Lifetime US3212297A (en)

Priority Applications (10)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
BE629666D BE629666A (ja) 1962-03-16
NL277336D NL277336A (ja) 1962-03-16
US180289A US3212297A (en) 1962-03-16 1962-03-16 Run-proof seamless hosiery and method of making same
GB12626/62A GB990070A (en) 1962-03-16 1962-04-02 Run-proof seamless hosiery
SE3707/62A SE304802B (ja) 1962-03-16 1962-04-03
AT277262A AT246309B (de) 1962-03-16 1962-04-04 Gestrickte, nahtlose, laufmaschensichere Strumpfware
NO143916A NO117993B (ja) 1962-03-16 1962-04-04
DEC26695A DE1282223B (de) 1962-03-16 1962-04-09 Rundgestrickter Strumpf
CH444462A CH403143A (de) 1962-03-16 1962-04-11 Laufmaschenfeste Strumpfware
FR896872A FR1321361A (fr) 1962-03-16 1962-05-08 Bas sans couture indémaillable

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US180289A US3212297A (en) 1962-03-16 1962-03-16 Run-proof seamless hosiery and method of making same

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3212297A true US3212297A (en) 1965-10-19

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US180289A Expired - Lifetime US3212297A (en) 1962-03-16 1962-03-16 Run-proof seamless hosiery and method of making same

Country Status (9)

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US (1) US3212297A (ja)
AT (1) AT246309B (ja)
BE (1) BE629666A (ja)
CH (1) CH403143A (ja)
DE (1) DE1282223B (ja)
GB (1) GB990070A (ja)
NL (1) NL277336A (ja)
NO (1) NO117993B (ja)
SE (1) SE304802B (ja)

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
ZA747415B (en) * 1973-12-19 1976-06-30 Colgate Palmolive Co Tubular knit stocking

Citations (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB285822A (en) * 1928-02-21 1929-06-21 Max Robert Wieland Multi-layer elastic flat knitted articles
US1772230A (en) * 1928-03-24 1930-08-05 Scott & Williams Inc Knit fabric and method of making the same
GB366180A (en) * 1930-11-20 1932-02-04 Charles Eric Mason Improvements in the manufacture of knitted fabrics and in machines therefor
US2005093A (en) * 1932-10-03 1935-06-18 Kalio Inc Knitted fabric
US2045776A (en) * 1933-01-18 1936-06-30 Scott & Williams Inc Method of and means for making knitted fabrics
US2100861A (en) * 1932-10-27 1937-11-30 Charles R Henderson Knitted fabric
US2379649A (en) * 1936-09-14 1945-07-03 Nebel Max Knit fabric and method of making the same
US2636369A (en) * 1952-06-06 1953-04-28 Vogue Mfg Corp Stocking fabric
FR1093017A (fr) * 1952-11-08 1955-04-29 Article tricoté et son procédé de fabrication
US2887860A (en) * 1958-04-28 1959-05-26 Berkshire Knitting Mills Hosiery with run resisting areas
US2994214A (en) * 1960-12-13 1961-08-01 Chadbourn Gotham Inc Ladies' stockings
US3027737A (en) * 1961-11-20 1962-04-03 Chadbourn Gotham Inc Non-run seamless hosiery

Family Cites Families (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE926153C (de) * 1952-05-13 1955-04-07 Max Nebel Maschenware sowie Verfahren und Rundstrickmaschine zu ihrer Herstellung
DE1064673B (de) * 1953-07-18 1959-09-03 Max Nebel Maschenware sowie Verfahren zu ihrer Herstellung
DE1828478U (de) * 1960-06-13 1961-03-23 Max Nebel Rundgestricker damenstrumpf.

Patent Citations (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB285822A (en) * 1928-02-21 1929-06-21 Max Robert Wieland Multi-layer elastic flat knitted articles
US1772230A (en) * 1928-03-24 1930-08-05 Scott & Williams Inc Knit fabric and method of making the same
GB366180A (en) * 1930-11-20 1932-02-04 Charles Eric Mason Improvements in the manufacture of knitted fabrics and in machines therefor
US2005093A (en) * 1932-10-03 1935-06-18 Kalio Inc Knitted fabric
US2100861A (en) * 1932-10-27 1937-11-30 Charles R Henderson Knitted fabric
US2045776A (en) * 1933-01-18 1936-06-30 Scott & Williams Inc Method of and means for making knitted fabrics
US2379649A (en) * 1936-09-14 1945-07-03 Nebel Max Knit fabric and method of making the same
US2636369A (en) * 1952-06-06 1953-04-28 Vogue Mfg Corp Stocking fabric
FR1093017A (fr) * 1952-11-08 1955-04-29 Article tricoté et son procédé de fabrication
US2887860A (en) * 1958-04-28 1959-05-26 Berkshire Knitting Mills Hosiery with run resisting areas
US2994214A (en) * 1960-12-13 1961-08-01 Chadbourn Gotham Inc Ladies' stockings
US3027737A (en) * 1961-11-20 1962-04-03 Chadbourn Gotham Inc Non-run seamless hosiery

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
SE304802B (ja) 1968-10-07
DE1282223B (de) 1968-11-07
NO117993B (ja) 1969-10-20
BE629666A (ja)
CH403143A (de) 1965-11-30
GB990070A (en) 1965-04-22
NL277336A (ja)
AT246309B (de) 1966-04-12

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