US3206301A - Process for the continuous treatment of steel - Google Patents

Process for the continuous treatment of steel Download PDF

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Publication number
US3206301A
US3206301A US71047A US7104760A US3206301A US 3206301 A US3206301 A US 3206301A US 71047 A US71047 A US 71047A US 7104760 A US7104760 A US 7104760A US 3206301 A US3206301 A US 3206301A
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United States
Prior art keywords
steel
crucible
converter
casting
induction
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Expired - Lifetime
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US71047A
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English (en)
Inventor
Daubersy Jean
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
METALLURG D ESPERANCE LONGDOZ
METALLURGIQUE D'ESPERANCE-LONGDOZ SA
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METALLURG D ESPERANCE LONGDOZ
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
    • C21C7/00—Treating molten ferrous alloys, e.g. steel, not covered by groups C21C1/00 - C21C5/00
    • C21C7/04—Removing impurities by adding a treating agent
    • C21C7/06—Deoxidising, e.g. killing
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D11/00—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths
    • B22D11/10—Supplying or treating molten metal
    • B22D11/11—Treating the molten metal
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
    • C21C5/00—Manufacture of carbon-steel, e.g. plain mild steel, medium carbon steel or cast steel or stainless steel
    • C21C5/56—Manufacture of steel by other methods
    • C21C5/567—Manufacture of steel by other methods operating in a continuous way

Definitions

  • Continuous casting processes known to date are intermittent in that the continuous casting apparatus is charged ladle by ladle. When one ladle is empty, the casting is interrupted and the refractories or linings then have to be repaired or renewed. Also, before casting can be renewed, other operations such as reheating and the insertion of a plug ingot are necessary. This considerably reduces the productivity of a continuous casting installation and thus increases the price.
  • One aim of the present invention is to make possible the continuous casting of steels killed with aluminum and manufactured in a top or bottom-blown converter.
  • the invention consists in a continuous process for treating steel, comprising the steps of pouring the steel in an open container, heating the steel in the container by electrical induction, deoxidising the steel in the container and continuously passing the steel from the container, out of contact with the air, into a mould.
  • This method allows the temperature of the metal delivered to the mould to be precisely controlled and also permits the carrying out of metallurgical treatment in the container.
  • the process may actually be considered 3,206,301 Patented Sept. 14, 1965 a combination of the classical method of ingot combined with a continuous Duplex treatment in an induction furnace.
  • a normal casting temperature may be used in the method and such temperature may be any well known in the art.
  • the converter heat can conveniently be terminated with the metal some 20 C. below that obtained in the classic method.
  • the metal is then preferably
  • the metal is then preferably transferred to a teapot ladle in which the slag separates and which serves for transport.
  • any deoxidising agent in the converter or even in the ladle we prefer not to add any deoxidising agent in the converter or even in the ladle. Aluminium for deoxidation is added in the container, in which, moreover, the composition of the steel is finalized. Also, alumina, amongst other impurities, comes out in the supernatent slag owing partly to the stirring action due to this method of heating.
  • FIGURE 1 is a vertical sectional view of an apparatus for feeding in a continuous casting apparatus
  • FIGURE 2 is a diagrammatic view showing the use of the apparatus, the metal being supplied to the container by modified devices.
  • the steel 6 being poured from a refining apparatus is fed through a spout 3 into an induction furnace or container 4.
  • the deoxidising or killing agents are continuously added to the furnace 4 from above, and alloying additions can also be added continuously.
  • 8 denotes an opening in the lower part of the furnace 4 which is blocked by a plug 9.
  • the furnace 4 is heated by a coil 10 in which any suitable medium is provided for heat transfer.
  • the opening 8 is connected with an auxiliary chamber 16 by means of a duct 14 lined with refractory material 15.
  • This auxiliary chamber 16 is filled with an inert gas such as nitrogen or argon under gauge or controlled pressure, supplied by cylinders 17 through a union member 19, a regulating valve 20, and a dome 18.
  • the gas pressure is measured by a gauge 21 'and the gas passes to the chamber 16 by the ducts 22, 23, and 24.
  • the auxiliary chamber 16 is lined with refractory material 25 and in its lower portion has an opening 26 in which a nozzle 27 is placed and which is of specially resistant refractory material.
  • the bore 28 of this nozzle diverges in the manner of a Laval tube so as to minimize disturbance of the steel which has already passed therethrough.
  • the lower end 29 of the nozzle 28 is always held below the level 30 of liquid steel in a mould 31, of a continuous casting installation. 31 could also represent a feeder supplying a mould indirectly.
  • the auxiliary chamber 16 is traversed by a metal stopper rod 32 composed of a refractory material 33 and it is arranged to be cooled but the appropriate apparatus for this is not shown.
  • the lower end of the rod 32 carries the actual stopper 34 which is made of a sufficient length to allow for wear.
  • the rod 32 passes through the gas duct 24 and is fixed and connected into a piston 35 and another rod 36.
  • the piston is placed in a cylinder 37 mounted between the dome 18 and the chamber 16, and the cylinder rests in a groove 38 in the refractory member 25.
  • the cylinder 37 is also fixed in an external metal housing 39 by a plate 40 pierced by a hole 41 through which the rod 36 passes.
  • a metal sleeve 42 for protecting the rod 32 and cooperating with an opening 43 in which it is guided.
  • the movement of the piston 35 in the cylinder 37 is controlled by pressure fluid passed through two pipes 44 and 45 by a control system which is not shown to simplify the drawing of FIG. 1.
  • the apparatus functions as follows:
  • steel is poured as a jet 6 into the furnace or crucible 4 through the spout 3.
  • the metal is covered by a suitably prepared supernatant or layer of slag 12.
  • the heating coils 10 have been energised, the temperature of the steel has been adjusted and the continuous addition of deoxidising agent to the metal has been begun, the rod 32 is pressed downwards against the nozzle 27.
  • the regulating valve 20 is opened and gas blown into the chamber 16 and the duct 14. The pressure of this gas is then increased until the plug 9 is blown out of the hole 8.
  • a relay not shown, which is actuated by the dislodgment of the plug 9 checks the flow of the gas and transmits a signal to the hydraulic control system so that it causes the piston 35 to travel upwards and access into the nozzle 27 is freed.
  • the killed steel then flows through the duct 14 into the chamber 16 which is filled to the level 47, and then through the spout 27 into the ingot mold 31.
  • the position of the piston 35 is then adjusted to regulate the fiow of steel from the chamber 16.
  • the gas pressure in the latter is automatically controlled by a system, not shown, in dependence upon the height of the steel 11 in the furnace or crucible 4.
  • the mould could be fed by means of several nozzles 27 connected in parallel, or through a feeder dividing the metal into several streams. In this latter case, additional precautions would be necessary to keep the steel out of contact with the air as much as possible.
  • a converter 1 pours molten steel 2 into one of the teapot ladles 4.
  • the steel from each ladle 4 is poured into a gutter 5 which passes it into a central pivoted gutter 3 which in turn passes into one of two crucibles 4 (in the FIG. 2 transfer into both crucibles 4' simultaneously is shown).
  • the steel is drawn oil? from the crucibles 4 and emerges through nozzles 27'.
  • the steel can then either be passed directly into the mould 31', the lower end of the nozzle 27 being held below the lever 30 in this mould as much as possible, or else the metal can be poured into an intermediate feeder 48 feeding the mould 50 of another continuous casting apparatus through several nozzles 51.
  • the latter are carefully spaced and are long enough to penetrate through the metal surface 53.
  • the means for preventing access of air to the metal in the feeder 48 has not been shown.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Treatment Of Steel In Its Molten State (AREA)
US71047A 1959-11-23 1960-11-22 Process for the continuous treatment of steel Expired - Lifetime US3206301A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

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LU37966 1959-11-23

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Cited By (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3413401A (en) * 1966-02-02 1968-11-26 Northwestern Steel & Wire Co Method and apparatus for melting metals by induction heating
US3655176A (en) * 1969-02-27 1972-04-11 Stoecker & Kunz Gmbh Closure devices for metallurgical and like vessels
US3679105A (en) * 1970-03-05 1972-07-25 Babcock & Wilcox Co Nozzle arrangement for molten metal container vessel
US3718175A (en) * 1969-04-15 1973-02-27 Voest Ag Plant for continuous casting without deep casting stream penetration
US3752218A (en) * 1969-03-21 1973-08-14 Ashmore Benson Pease & Co Ltd Continuous casting moulds
US3775091A (en) * 1969-02-27 1973-11-27 Interior Induction melting of metals in cold, self-lined crucibles
DE2327880A1 (de) * 1972-06-05 1974-01-03 Graenges Essem Ab Verfahren und anlage zum zufuehren von geschmolzenem metall zu verbraucherstellen
US4120696A (en) * 1973-05-19 1978-10-17 Klockner-Werke Ag Process for the production of steel
US4121651A (en) * 1976-05-10 1978-10-24 Dino Marco Zeppellini Casting receptacle or ladle for moulded castings or various materials
US4702767A (en) * 1984-03-14 1987-10-27 Aichi Steel Works, Ltd. Method of purifying a bearing steel
US4810287A (en) * 1986-01-21 1989-03-07 Daido Tokushuko Kabushiki Kaisha Process for producing steel for valve springs
US6627146B1 (en) * 2000-12-28 2003-09-30 Hayes Lemmerz International, Inc. Stopper module device for a casting machine furnace apparatus

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5004153A (en) * 1990-03-02 1991-04-02 General Electric Company Melt system for spray-forming

Citations (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1309162A (en) * 1919-07-08 William r
US1318164A (en) * 1919-10-07 John mcconnell
US2193034A (en) * 1936-05-08 1940-03-12 Mars Georg Apparatus for treating materials under reduced pressure
US2225373A (en) * 1937-07-29 1940-12-17 Norman P Goss Method and apparatus for casting metal
US2253421A (en) * 1938-09-20 1941-08-19 Mare Baltzar E L De Method and apparatus for deoxidizing and degasifying liquid steel
US2339337A (en) * 1942-03-14 1944-01-18 Int Smelting & Refining Co Furnace launder construction
US2741555A (en) * 1951-03-17 1956-04-10 Oesterriechisch Alpine Montang Process for refining pig iron
US2788270A (en) * 1954-08-10 1957-04-09 Universal Cyclops Steel Corp Method and apparatus for melting metal under vacuum
US2837790A (en) * 1953-12-28 1958-06-10 Ford Motor Co Process for degassing ferrous metals
US2976339A (en) * 1956-12-03 1961-03-21 Heraeus Gmbh W C Vacuum smelting furnace and method of operation

Patent Citations (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1309162A (en) * 1919-07-08 William r
US1318164A (en) * 1919-10-07 John mcconnell
US2193034A (en) * 1936-05-08 1940-03-12 Mars Georg Apparatus for treating materials under reduced pressure
US2225373A (en) * 1937-07-29 1940-12-17 Norman P Goss Method and apparatus for casting metal
US2253421A (en) * 1938-09-20 1941-08-19 Mare Baltzar E L De Method and apparatus for deoxidizing and degasifying liquid steel
US2339337A (en) * 1942-03-14 1944-01-18 Int Smelting & Refining Co Furnace launder construction
US2741555A (en) * 1951-03-17 1956-04-10 Oesterriechisch Alpine Montang Process for refining pig iron
US2837790A (en) * 1953-12-28 1958-06-10 Ford Motor Co Process for degassing ferrous metals
US2788270A (en) * 1954-08-10 1957-04-09 Universal Cyclops Steel Corp Method and apparatus for melting metal under vacuum
US2976339A (en) * 1956-12-03 1961-03-21 Heraeus Gmbh W C Vacuum smelting furnace and method of operation

Cited By (13)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3413401A (en) * 1966-02-02 1968-11-26 Northwestern Steel & Wire Co Method and apparatus for melting metals by induction heating
US3655176A (en) * 1969-02-27 1972-04-11 Stoecker & Kunz Gmbh Closure devices for metallurgical and like vessels
US3775091A (en) * 1969-02-27 1973-11-27 Interior Induction melting of metals in cold, self-lined crucibles
US3752218A (en) * 1969-03-21 1973-08-14 Ashmore Benson Pease & Co Ltd Continuous casting moulds
US3718175A (en) * 1969-04-15 1973-02-27 Voest Ag Plant for continuous casting without deep casting stream penetration
US3679105A (en) * 1970-03-05 1972-07-25 Babcock & Wilcox Co Nozzle arrangement for molten metal container vessel
DE2327880A1 (de) * 1972-06-05 1974-01-03 Graenges Essem Ab Verfahren und anlage zum zufuehren von geschmolzenem metall zu verbraucherstellen
US3940264A (en) * 1972-06-05 1976-02-24 Granges Essem Aktiebolag Method of distributing molten metal to consumer stations
US4120696A (en) * 1973-05-19 1978-10-17 Klockner-Werke Ag Process for the production of steel
US4121651A (en) * 1976-05-10 1978-10-24 Dino Marco Zeppellini Casting receptacle or ladle for moulded castings or various materials
US4702767A (en) * 1984-03-14 1987-10-27 Aichi Steel Works, Ltd. Method of purifying a bearing steel
US4810287A (en) * 1986-01-21 1989-03-07 Daido Tokushuko Kabushiki Kaisha Process for producing steel for valve springs
US6627146B1 (en) * 2000-12-28 2003-09-30 Hayes Lemmerz International, Inc. Stopper module device for a casting machine furnace apparatus

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
GB949060A (en) 1964-02-12
LU37966A1 (en))

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