US3204941A - Rotary extractor cone for shaft furnace - Google Patents

Rotary extractor cone for shaft furnace Download PDF

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Publication number
US3204941A
US3204941A US193209A US19320962A US3204941A US 3204941 A US3204941 A US 3204941A US 193209 A US193209 A US 193209A US 19320962 A US19320962 A US 19320962A US 3204941 A US3204941 A US 3204941A
Authority
US
United States
Prior art keywords
furnace
extractor
axis
charge
extractor member
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US193209A
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Fraser William
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Alcan Research and Development Ltd
Original Assignee
Aluminium Laboratories Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Aluminium Laboratories Ltd filed Critical Aluminium Laboratories Ltd
Priority to US193209A priority Critical patent/US3204941A/en
Priority to GB15697/63A priority patent/GB985847A/en
Priority to ES287339A priority patent/ES287339A1/es
Priority to FR932807A priority patent/FR1356004A/fr
Priority to CH535663A priority patent/CH406646A/fr
Priority to AT373863A priority patent/AT244063B/de
Priority to OA51003A priority patent/OA00910A/xx
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US3204941A publication Critical patent/US3204941A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
    • F27B1/00—Shaft or like vertical or substantially vertical furnaces
    • F27B1/10—Details, accessories or equipment specially adapted for furnaces of these types
    • F27B1/21—Arrangements of devices for discharging
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
    • C22B21/00—Obtaining aluminium
    • C22B21/0038—Obtaining aluminium by other processes
    • C22B21/0046—Obtaining aluminium by other processes from aluminium halides
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23J—REMOVAL OR TREATMENT OF COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OR COMBUSTION RESIDUES; FLUES 
    • F23J1/00—Removing ash, clinker, or slag from combustion chambers
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
    • F27B1/00—Shaft or like vertical or substantially vertical furnaces
    • F27B1/10—Details, accessories or equipment specially adapted for furnaces of these types
    • F27B1/20—Arrangements of devices for charging
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23J—REMOVAL OR TREATMENT OF COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OR COMBUSTION RESIDUES; FLUES 
    • F23J2700/00—Ash removal, handling and treatment means; Ash and slag handling in pulverulent fuel furnaces; Ash removal means for incinerators
    • F23J2700/001—Ash removal, handling and treatment means

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a rotary extractor cone for a shaft furnace and more particularly to such a rotary cone which will maintain the solid material within the furnace in a desired broken-up or agitated state, so that it may be discharged in suitable small particle form without forming into large clinkers which would be diflicult to discharge.
  • the invention is particularly useful in controlled atmosphere furnaces such as converters which are used in the refining of aluminum, to convert crude aluminum material to aluminum monochloride by a reaction between the aluminum content of the charge and gaseous aluminum trichloride.
  • the invention is, however, not limited to such use and is generally applicable to any shaft furnace construction where it is desired to use a substantially conical lower end construction, which is rotated slowly so as to keep the charge from forming into large clinkers and generally to assist in the discharge of the treated material from the lower end of the furnace.
  • the extractor be rotated about some eccentric axis or be constructed so as to have the apex of the conical surface eccentric of the surface of rotation.
  • the difiiculty of mounting and rotating the extractor cone has been so great that these devices have again failed to attain th desired degree of utility for which they were intended.
  • eccentrically rotated devices have resulted in rapid wear on the bearings for the rotational equipment or have required such heavy and specially constructed bearings that the cost has been substantially prohibitive, or both.
  • the present invention attains the desired objects as to charge agitation and the avoidance of clinken'ng of the eccentrically constructed or rotated extractor devices of the prior art, while using a surface configuration for the extractor which will be in contact with the charge in the furnace such that the load on the axis of rotation or the bearings used in connection with the rotation there of will be such that all parts of the surface are symmetrical with respect to the axis of rotation at each level in the surface, ie at the intersection of such surface with any plane disposed at right angles to the axis of rotation.
  • the desired form of surface may be described as substantially conical, with the active furnace charge-engaging surface of such shape that the sur- "ice face will intersect a plane at right angles to the axis of rotation and located adjacent to the base or lower portion of the extractor member in substantially a circular line; whereas similar planes located at levels which are progressively higher than the first-named plane will intersect the active charge-engaging surface in progressively narrower oval and elliptical shapes; until at substantially the top of the extractor there will be a substantial chisel edge.
  • the basic surface of the extractor cone of the invention changes in a uniform or continuous fashion from a circular cross section in its base or bottom portion to an elliptical cross section above the bottom portion, the major and minor axes of the elliptical cross sections becomingprogressively sivcly smaller in progressively higher portions of the cone above the bottom portion thereof and tending toward an elliptical cross section in the top portion of the extractor cone in which the minor axis is very small in relation to the major axis.
  • All the intersections between the charge-engaging surface of the extractor member and various planes disposed perpendicular to the axis of rotation will be symmetrical with respect to such axis, i.e., a circular line of intersection will be centered substantially on the axis of rotation and an elliptical line of intersection will have major and minor axes which intersect substantially on the axis of rotation.
  • this edge will be in a line perpendicular to the axis of rotation, which axis will bisect such line.
  • the invention also contemplates the possibility of the formation of some irregularities more or less uniformly disposed over the furnace charge-engaging surface of the extractor member.
  • FIG. 1 is a diagrammatic illustration principally in vertical section, but with the extractor member-in elevation, showing the relationship between the extractor member of the present invention and a shaft furnace (shown diagrammatically) which could, for example, be a converter for the purification of aluminum as aforesaid;
  • FIG. 2 is an elevational view of the extractor member of FIG. 1 taken at right angles to the view shown in FIG. 1;
  • FIG. 3 is a plan view of the extractor member of FIG. 2;
  • FIG. 4 is a fragmentary view in vertical section and on an enlarged scale of the upper portion of the extractor member, the view being taken on the line 4-4 of FIG. 2.
  • the extractor device of the present invention is usable in conjunction with a considerable number of different types of shaft furnaces, it has been shown diagrammatically in FIG. 1 in conjunction with a furnace or converter, as it is called, used in the purification of aluminum, this furnace or converter being generally indicated at 10 and being substantially closed except as particularly hereinafter noted.
  • Solid materials may be introduced into the furnace preferably through the top portion thereof through a passageway 11 which may be controlled by a device 12, here shown as a star valve, but which is intended to represent any means by which solid material may be introduced into the furnace without permitting substantial ingress or egress of gases to or from the furnace.
  • the solid material in the case being described is an alloy of relatively impure aluminum,
  • the solid material input is in particulate form, with the particles usually of substantial size, but in a substantially free-flowing condition, so that the solid furnace charge may be supplied continuously or intermittently as desired to the furnace through the passage 11.
  • Gaseous aluminum trichloride is normally supplied to the furnace adjacent to the lower end thereof through one or more passages, one of which is shown at 13.
  • Gases principally A1Cl and AlCl, pass out of the furnace through one or more passages, one of which is shown at 14 adjacent to the upper end thereof for further treatment, which in the aluminum industry comprises the recovery of metallic aluminum from the aluminum monochloride gas and the recirculation of at least a part of the aluminum trichloride.
  • the furnace may be heated in any suitable way, but in this instance reliance is put upon electric heating, with the electric current being introduced through electrodes projecting into the furnace, some of which are shown at 15 and 16. In the normal operation of aluminum converters, this electric current is alternating current.
  • the invention is, however, not limited to aluminum converters, to direct heating as shown, or to the heating of the furnace by electric current.
  • the charge in the furnace gradually works downwardly and is desired to be discharged progressively and sometimes substantially continuously through a plurality of passages, two of which are shown at 17 adjacent to the lower end of the furnace.
  • a rotary, substantially conical device Serving as substantially the entire bottom of the furnace (although this is not critically essential) and terminating at the passages 17 is a rotary, substantially conical device generally indicated at 18, this device embodying the present invention.
  • This conical device or extractor member, as it is called herein, is mounted upon a shaft 19 extending through the bottom of the furnace and suitably mounted in bearings (not shown) and arranged to be driven by any suitable source of power (not shown), so as to rotate the extractor member 18 about the substantially vertical axis of the shaft 19.
  • rotation is quite slow, the actual speed of rotation being a matter of selection for any given installation and purpose.
  • the rotation is depended upon, in the present case, to agitate the charge to the extent that clinkering will be effectively eliminated or minimized to negligible proportions and portions of the spent charge will be progressively moved downwardly to and through the openings 17.
  • the invention does not require the extension of the charge-engaging surface to an actual straight line chisel edge, as it is adequate in most practical installations that the surface approach such an edge even though the upper end portion of the extractor member be somewhat rounded and even though the actual configuration of the upper end portion as seen in a view corresponding to FIG. 2 might show the upper edge 23 or upper termination in a somewhat curved line, usually highest at the center at the axis of rotation and relatively lower toward the outside in each direction.
  • substantially the entire charge-engaging surface of the extractor member shall be substantially symmetrical with respect to the axis of rotation of the extractor member, so as to minimize eccentric loading of the bearings for the shaft 19 and thus to minimize wear of the parts.
  • the present invention is also generic generally to smooth and irregular surfaces for the charge-engaging surfaces of the extractor member, so long as the surfaces are made generally symmetrical to the axis of rotation, so as to minimize the eccentric loading on the bearings for the shaft 19 and hence minimize the power requirements for rotation of the extractor member.
  • the surface shall be provided with actual ridges as shown at 20 in FIG. 4 or in fact that any irregularities be present.
  • any desired irregularities within general limitations herein given shall be considered as within the purview of this invention.
  • a substantially conical rotary extractor member for the bottom of a shaft furnace wherein said extractor member is adapted to be rotated during at least a part of the furnace operation about a substantially vertical axis centrally of said shaft furnace,
  • said extractor having a furnace charge-engaging surface adapted to engage and support the contents of said furnace and of such shape that the intersection thereof with a horizontal plane located at a level substantially at the lower end of said surface is substantially circular, and the corresponding intersections with horizontal planes at progressively higher levels than the first-named plane will vary uniformly toward progressively narrower and smaller oval and elliptical shapes at least toward a substantially straight line adjacent to the top of said surface,
  • each said intersection between said surface and a horizontal plane at any level of said extractor is substantially symmetrical with respect to said axis.
  • said upper surface terminates at its uppermost portion in a chisel edge which is bisected by said axis.
  • a rotary extractor member for the bottom of a shaft furnace which is adapted to be rotated about a substantially vertical axis in the central portion of said furnace during the operation of said furnace, said extractor having a substantially conical furnace charge engaging surface to engage and support the contents of said furnace, said surface having a shape in which the outline of a horizontal cross-section is generally elliptical and in which said cross-section outline changes uniformly from an ellipse near the top in which the minor ellipse axis is very small in relation to the major ellipse axis to an ellipse at progressively lower horizontal cross-sections having progressively larger elliptical major axes and having progressively larger minor elliptical axes in relation to said major axes until said major and minor axes are substantially equal in the lowermost horizontal crosssection thereof.
  • an improved extractor having an substantially conical furnace charge engaging surface to engage and support the contents of said furnace, said surface having a shape in which the outline of a horizontal cross-section is generally elliptical, said elliptical cross-section outline changing uniformly from near the top to the bottom such that the minor ellipse axis is very small in relation to the major ellipse axis at the top and at progressively lower horizontal cross-sections the elliptical outline has progressively larger elliptical major axes and progressively larger minor elliptical axes in relation to said major axes until said major and minor axes are substantially equal in the lowermost horizontal cross-section thereof, and each horizontal cross-section outline being substan- 5 tially symmetrical with respect to said vertical axis.
  • a rotary extractor member in accordance with claim 1 in which the charge-engaging surface of said extractor member is provided with a plurality of annular ridges at difierent, displaced levels, each of said annular ridges 10 including side walls extending from said surface at a given level thereof generally parallel to said axis and having substantially the same cross section throughout as said charge-engaging surface at the given level.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Manufacture And Refinement Of Metals (AREA)
  • Muffle Furnaces And Rotary Kilns (AREA)
US193209A 1962-05-08 1962-05-08 Rotary extractor cone for shaft furnace Expired - Lifetime US3204941A (en)

Priority Applications (7)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US193209A US3204941A (en) 1962-05-08 1962-05-08 Rotary extractor cone for shaft furnace
GB15697/63A GB985847A (en) 1962-05-08 1963-04-22 Rotary extractor cone for shaft furnace
ES287339A ES287339A1 (es) 1962-05-08 1963-04-24 Un miembro extractor rotatorio prácticamente cónico para el fondo de un horno de cúpula
FR932807A FR1356004A (fr) 1962-05-08 1963-04-26 Dispositif d'extraction pour four à cuve
CH535663A CH406646A (fr) 1962-05-08 1963-04-29 Extracteur rotatif pour four à cuve
AT373863A AT244063B (de) 1962-05-08 1963-05-08 Rotierendes Austragselement für den Boden eines Schachtofens
OA51003A OA00910A (fr) 1962-05-08 1964-12-24 Dispositif d'extraction pour four à cuve.

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US193209A US3204941A (en) 1962-05-08 1962-05-08 Rotary extractor cone for shaft furnace

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3204941A true US3204941A (en) 1965-09-07

Family

ID=22712665

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US193209A Expired - Lifetime US3204941A (en) 1962-05-08 1962-05-08 Rotary extractor cone for shaft furnace

Country Status (6)

Country Link
US (1) US3204941A (de)
AT (1) AT244063B (de)
CH (1) CH406646A (de)
ES (1) ES287339A1 (de)
GB (1) GB985847A (de)
OA (1) OA00910A (de)

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3558118A (en) * 1968-05-20 1971-01-26 Armco Steel Corp Apparatus for the gaseous reduction of pelletized and lump iron ores
US3910767A (en) * 1972-07-05 1975-10-07 Emile Joseph Jemal Apparatus for preparing metallic compounds by sublimation
US4140301A (en) * 1977-02-16 1979-02-20 Midrex Corporation Method and apparatus for reducing particulate iron oxide to metallic iron with solid reductant
CN105778956A (zh) * 2015-03-30 2016-07-20 张元斌 一种立式焙烧炉

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1722496A (en) * 1926-07-29 1929-07-30 William B Chapman Boiler and method of operating the same
US2059661A (en) * 1934-09-08 1936-11-03 Kleenburn Stoker Corp Rotary grate
FR880001A (fr) * 1941-03-06 1943-03-11 Forni Ed Impianti Ind Ingg De Bartolomeis Spa Grille rotative à gradins pour gazogènes, fours à cuve et appareils analogues
US2937082A (en) * 1958-05-27 1960-05-17 Aluminium Lab Ltd Conversion process for aluminum subhalide distillation

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1722496A (en) * 1926-07-29 1929-07-30 William B Chapman Boiler and method of operating the same
US2059661A (en) * 1934-09-08 1936-11-03 Kleenburn Stoker Corp Rotary grate
FR880001A (fr) * 1941-03-06 1943-03-11 Forni Ed Impianti Ind Ingg De Bartolomeis Spa Grille rotative à gradins pour gazogènes, fours à cuve et appareils analogues
US2937082A (en) * 1958-05-27 1960-05-17 Aluminium Lab Ltd Conversion process for aluminum subhalide distillation

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3558118A (en) * 1968-05-20 1971-01-26 Armco Steel Corp Apparatus for the gaseous reduction of pelletized and lump iron ores
US3910767A (en) * 1972-07-05 1975-10-07 Emile Joseph Jemal Apparatus for preparing metallic compounds by sublimation
US4140301A (en) * 1977-02-16 1979-02-20 Midrex Corporation Method and apparatus for reducing particulate iron oxide to metallic iron with solid reductant
CN105778956A (zh) * 2015-03-30 2016-07-20 张元斌 一种立式焙烧炉
CN105778956B (zh) * 2015-03-30 2018-07-06 张元斌 一种立式焙烧炉

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CH406646A (fr) 1966-01-31
OA00910A (fr) 1968-03-22
GB985847A (en) 1965-03-10
ES287339A1 (es) 1963-08-16
AT244063B (de) 1965-12-10

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