US3203175A - System of operation of a steam-gas circuit or of a gas circuit for gas turbines comprising a combustion chamber for solid fuel - Google Patents
System of operation of a steam-gas circuit or of a gas circuit for gas turbines comprising a combustion chamber for solid fuel Download PDFInfo
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- US3203175A US3203175A US213717A US21371762A US3203175A US 3203175 A US3203175 A US 3203175A US 213717 A US213717 A US 213717A US 21371762 A US21371762 A US 21371762A US 3203175 A US3203175 A US 3203175A
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
- F01K23/00—Plants characterised by more than one engine delivering power external to the plant, the engines being driven by different fluids
- F01K23/02—Plants characterised by more than one engine delivering power external to the plant, the engines being driven by different fluids the engine cycles being thermally coupled
- F01K23/06—Plants characterised by more than one engine delivering power external to the plant, the engines being driven by different fluids the engine cycles being thermally coupled combustion heat from one cycle heating the fluid in another cycle
- F01K23/08—Plants characterised by more than one engine delivering power external to the plant, the engines being driven by different fluids the engine cycles being thermally coupled combustion heat from one cycle heating the fluid in another cycle with working fluid of one cycle heating the fluid in another cycle
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02C—GAS-TURBINE PLANTS; AIR INTAKES FOR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS; CONTROLLING FUEL SUPPLY IN AIR-BREATHING JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
- F02C3/00—Gas-turbine plants characterised by the use of combustion products as the working fluid
- F02C3/20—Gas-turbine plants characterised by the use of combustion products as the working fluid using a special fuel, oxidant, or dilution fluid to generate the combustion products
- F02C3/26—Gas-turbine plants characterised by the use of combustion products as the working fluid using a special fuel, oxidant, or dilution fluid to generate the combustion products the fuel or oxidant being solid or pulverulent, e.g. in slurry or suspension
Definitions
- This invention relates to an improved operating system of a steam-gas or gas circuit of gas turbines with a combustion chamber for solid fuel, where the combustion products at elevated pressure are separated after burning from the solid remnants of burning, whereas they are at admission temperature and pressure supplied as driving gases into the gas turbine, where they expand and render mechanical energy.
- the following one or more heat exchangers serve for other purposes of the cycle as heating device of the advantageously regenerating type, serving for heating the compressed combustion air, supplied by a compressor to the combustion chamber, or eventually also as an auxiliary economiser, serving for preheating the supply water or the condensate for the steam generator, or further coolers serving other technological purposes of the cycle and similar.
- the injection of suitably prepared water into the stream of combustion products is used prior or after their cleaning from dust or prior and after their cleaning, or in case the separation of the solid remnants is carried out after burning, directly in the wet separator.
- the reheating of the pressure combustion products separated from dust to the admission temperature of the gas turbine is carried out in accordance with this invention so that the cooled and cleaned pressure combustion products are Iirst carried over a heat exchanger, arranged in the exhaust of the gas turbine, in which they are heated by the heat of the expanded driving gases, whereafter they pass over the already mentioned heat exchanger, arranged behind the pressure combustion chamber in the stream of the hot not cleaned pressure combustion products, by the heat of which they are heated to the admission temperature, at which they are thereafter brought as driving gases into the gas turbine.
- the steam-gas cycle has considerable requirements to the economical regulation and operation. This pretentious requirement is met in accordance with this invention so that the starting of the gas cycle and eventually also the regulation of the admission temperature of the driving gases, i.e. of the cleaned and reheated pressure combustion products, is carried out by means of an auxiliary combustion chamber for Huid or gaseous fuel arranged in front of the gas turbine, into which chamber compressed combustion air is supplied from a tap of the compressor output and the combustion products of which are mixed with the driving gases supplied to the gas turbine.
- the system according to this invention in combination with a pressure circuit for the preparation, i.e. the drying and possibly also the disintegration of the fuel, where the fuel is dried and comminuted by the pressure combustion products or by the pressure combustion air.
- a pressure circuit for the preparation i.e. the drying and possibly also the disintegration of the fuel, where the fuel is dried and comminuted by the pressure combustion products or by the pressure combustion air.
- pressure combustion products are used as drying medium, it is possible to clean the drying medium from this circuit (the vapours) from dust and use it together with the other pressure combustion products after reheating to the admission temperature for the drive of the gas turbine.
- the compressor 1 driven by the gas turbine 6 sucks air from the atmosphere, compresses it and supplies it over the heat exchanger 4 to the combustion chamber 2 of a steam generator 20, into which simultaneously solid fuel is supplied under pressure from a storage bin 2l by a burner 22.
- the pressure combustion chamber 2 for solid fuel is in this case a part of a steam generator, from which steam, generated by heat of the combustion products, passes into the steam turbines 18 through a circuit of customary design, which is not shown in detail in the drawing,
- the pressure combustion products generated in the combustion chamber 2 containing solid remnants after combustion are cooled in a heat exchanger 3 for heating clean driving gases, in a heat exchanger 4 for heating combustion air and alternatively also in a heat exchanger 7 provided as an auxiliary economiser for preheating water for the steam generator.
- one or more coolers can be provided, serving for other purposes of the circuit as for linstance for the regeneration of the solution for Washing out sulphur compounds and similar.
- the further cooling of the combustion products is carried out by water injection in a cooling chamber 9.
- the cooled pressure combustion products pass thereafter through a dust separator 5, Where they are at reduced temperatures easily deprived of the solid remnants after combustion.
- a wet separator can be also used advantageously for this purpose.
- a further saturator chamber 12 is provided behind the dust separator 5 where the combustion products relieved of the dust are saturated by water injection.
- the combustion products cooled down and relieved of dust are thereafter heated in a heat exchanger 8 by the heat contained in the expanded driving gases from the gas turbine 6 Whereafter they nally pass the already mentioned heat exchanger 3 Where the combustion products relieved of dust are again heated by hot combustion products still containing dust to the admission temperature, at which they are fed to the gas turbine 6.
- the gas turbine 6 drives the compressor 1 and the generator 11.
- the already mentioned heat exchanger 4 Where the compressed combustion air is heated by means of compressed combustion products not yet relieved of dust, can be advantageously of the regenerating type.
- air is also supplied to an auxiliary combustion chamber 10 for fluid or gaseous fuel and the combustion products from this chamber are mixed with the combustion products from the main combustion chamber 2 relieved of dust and heated again, with which they are supplied as driving gases to the gas turbine 6.
- the object of this invention in its fundamental arrangement includes also other characteristic arrangements of the steam-gas or gas circuits using the technology of preparation of not aggressive driving gases for a gas turbine from combustion products on the described fundamental principle.
- An advantage of the described system of operation of the steam-gas, or gas circuit according to this invention is, that the lremoval of dust from the combustion products is carried out at low temperature, where in case a suitable dust cleaning device is used, a high degree of cleanliness of the combustion products, required for the gas turbine, can be achieved.
- the heating of the pressure air by pressure combustion products is advantageous as at a relatively high specic weight of the air there is a good heat transmission coefficient.
- a regenerating heat exchanger is especially advantageous regarding price and operation.
- the well known drawback of the regenerating heat exchanger that it is not tight does not matter as the penetration of air into the combustion products increases the surplus of air, it increases however the output of the gas part of the steam-gas circuit, what is advantageous.
- a possible pollution of the combustion air by the not cleaned combustion products is equally not damaging as the air is supplied into the combustion chamber Where fuel with an ash content is burnt.
- the cooling of the combustion products by water injection leads to an increase of the output of the gas turbine and in a certain degree contributes even to an increase of the efficiency of the whole arrangement.
- the combustion products relieved of dust are advantageously heated in recuperating heat exchangers in order to prevent a repeated pollution.
- the heating takes place in a heat exchanger by combustion products from the gas turbine at normal pressure in order to reduce the loss of heat in the exhaust combustion products and furthermore by combustion products not yet relieved of dust of high temperature.
- This second heat exchanger must be made of a material which withstands high temperatures, which is expensive. It is therefore advantageous, that the heated and cooled medium have high pressure, what influences advantageously the heat transmission coefficient and reduces the size of the heat exchanger.
- the auxiliary combustion chamber for fluid or gaseous fuel enables a flexible start and regulation. It is necessary to supply to this chamber pressure air advantageously directly from the compressor and to mix the combustion products from this chamber with the cleaned and heated combustion products supplied by the main combustion chamber. Thus the temperature of the combustion products prior to their entrance into the gas turbine is lregulated.
- a gas turbine arrangement comprising, in combination:
- irst feeding means for feeding a solid fuel to said chamber at a pressure higher than atmospheric pressure
- heat exchanger means communicating with said chamber for receiving said hot combustion gas and the suspended solid material, said heat exchanger means being adapted to cool the received gas and Isolid material to a lower temperature by heat exchange with another gas;
- a second conduit includes saturator means for admixing Water to said separated gas.
- a gas turbine arrangement comprising, in combination:
- feeding means for feeding a comminuted solid fuel to said chamber at a pressure higher than atmospheric pressure
- separator means communicating with said rst heat exchanger for separating said further cooled gas from the solid material carried thereby;
- a third heat exchanger interposed between said separator means and said second heat exchanger for reheating said separated gas in said third heat exchanger, and for heat exchange of the reheated separated gas in said second heat exchanger with said hot gas of combustion and the solid material carried, whereby said separated gas is further reheated and said hot gas of combustion and said solid material carried thereby are cooled;
- cooling means include means for admixing water to said further cooled gas.
- auxiliary combustion means communicating with said turbine for burning a fuel substantially free from solid matter, whereby a fluid combustion product is formed, and for conveying said combustion product to said turbine.
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- Engine Equipment That Uses Special Cycles (AREA)
Description
United States Patent O SYSTEM F QPERATION 0F A 'STEAM-GAS CIR- CUIT 0R 0F A GAS CIRCUIT FOR G'AS TUR- BENES 'COMPRISIN G A COMBUSTION CHAMBER FOR SOLID FUEL Ladisiav Michalika, 8 Amurska, Prague 10, Czechoslovakia, and Bohuslav Limpouch, '1214 Pushkinova, Hradec Kralove, Czechoslovakia Filed `luly 31, 1962, Ser. No. 216,717 10 Claims. (Cl. 60-39.02)
This invention relates to an improved operating system of a steam-gas or gas circuit of gas turbines with a combustion chamber for solid fuel, where the combustion products at elevated pressure are separated after burning from the solid remnants of burning, whereas they are at admission temperature and pressure supplied as driving gases into the gas turbine, where they expand and render mechanical energy.
There have been repeated attempts to use solid fuel for the gas turbine circuits. Proposals have been made for instance to burn coal at elevated pressure in a heating chamber and to use a direct passage of the combustion products through the turbine. A substantial drawback, which has not yet been removed is the separation of solid remnants from the combustion products, which remnants cause erosion of the turbine blades or form deposits in the turbine.
Other proposed solutions rely on the heating7 of clean compressed air prior to the entrance into the turbine by means of a high temperature heat exchanger heated by coal combustion products at approximately atmospheric pressure. As combustion air hot air leaving the turbine after expansion is used. A drawback of this solution is the need of a large and expensive heat exchanger made of alloyed material. A further proposed solution is the gasifying of coal under pressure, cleaning of the gas and its burning in a combustion chamber of the gas turbine. A drawback of this system is however the complexity of the arrangement, a worse eiectiveness namely of the gas generator and its relatively small output.
The said drawbacks cause that solid fuel is used for the drive of gas turbines only in sporadic cases. The same holds true about steam-gas devices.
It is commonly known that it is possible to achieve at steam-gas cycles a better thermal effect and in addition, namely for cycles with steam generators heated at elevated pressures, also a reduction of the size and weight of the steam generator. At increased pressure of the combustion products the heat transmission coefcient from the combustion products to the wall increases, so that the required heat transmitting surface is reduced. The hot compressed combustion products expand after leaving the combustion chamber of the steam generator in the gas turbine. The actual drawback is however, that solid fuel cannot be used in this case due to the above mentioned difficulties with the separation of solid remnants from the combustion products. v
It is an object of this invention to eliminate this drawback. In accordance with this invention, solid fuel is burnt at elevated pressure and the hot compressed combustion products expand in the gas turbine, but contrary to presently known arrangements of this kind the separation of the solid remnants after burning from the stream of combustion products takes place at a lower temperature than the supply temperature of the combustion products into the gas turbine. As the removal of dust is substantially easier and more effective at low temperature, it is possible to achieve in accordance with this invention the required degree of purity of the combustion products.
The cooling of the compressed combustion products in order to ease the removal of dust is carried out in a 3,2%,175 Patented Aug. 31, 1965 system of two or more heat exchangers arranged in the stream of not cleaned combustion products, the first of which heat exchangers, arranged behind the pressure combustion chamber, serves for the reheating of the driving gases, i.e. of the cleaned compressed combustion products, to the admission temperature of the gas turbine, while the following one or more heat exchangers serve for other purposes of the cycle as heating device of the advantageously regenerating type, serving for heating the compressed combustion air, supplied by a compressor to the combustion chamber, or eventually also as an auxiliary economiser, serving for preheating the supply water or the condensate for the steam generator, or further coolers serving other technological purposes of the cycle and similar.
In accordance with the invention the injection of suitably prepared water into the stream of combustion products is used prior or after their cleaning from dust or prior and after their cleaning, or in case the separation of the solid remnants is carried out after burning, directly in the wet separator.
The reheating of the pressure combustion products separated from dust to the admission temperature of the gas turbine is carried out in accordance with this invention so that the cooled and cleaned pressure combustion products are Iirst carried over a heat exchanger, arranged in the exhaust of the gas turbine, in which they are heated by the heat of the expanded driving gases, whereafter they pass over the already mentioned heat exchanger, arranged behind the pressure combustion chamber in the stream of the hot not cleaned pressure combustion products, by the heat of which they are heated to the admission temperature, at which they are thereafter brought as driving gases into the gas turbine.
The steam-gas cycle has considerable requirements to the economical regulation and operation. This pretentious requirement is met in accordance with this invention so that the starting of the gas cycle and eventually also the regulation of the admission temperature of the driving gases, i.e. of the cleaned and reheated pressure combustion products, is carried out by means of an auxiliary combustion chamber for Huid or gaseous fuel arranged in front of the gas turbine, into which chamber compressed combustion air is supplied from a tap of the compressor output and the combustion products of which are mixed with the driving gases supplied to the gas turbine.
In the course of burning of solid fuel in the steam-gas cycle according to this invention, it is possible to supply prior prepared, i.e. dried and comminuted fuel from an auxiliary storage vessel to the stream of compressed pri-` mary air, with which it is brought into the pressure combustion chamber.
At the elevated pressure of the combustion products in the combustion chamber and in the channels of the steamgas cycle it is also possible to carry out the system according to this invention in combination with a pressure circuit for the preparation, i.e. the drying and possibly also the disintegration of the fuel, where the fuel is dried and comminuted by the pressure combustion products or by the pressure combustion air. If pressure combustion products are used as drying medium, it is possible to clean the drying medium from this circuit (the vapours) from dust and use it together with the other pressure combustion products after reheating to the admission temperature for the drive of the gas turbine.
An example of an embodiment of the system according to this invention is shown schematically as a steam-gas arrangement in the accompanying drawing.
The compressor 1 driven by the gas turbine 6 sucks air from the atmosphere, compresses it and supplies it over the heat exchanger 4 to the combustion chamber 2 of a steam generator 20, into which simultaneously solid fuel is supplied under pressure from a storage bin 2l by a burner 22.
The pressure combustion chamber 2 for solid fuel is in this case a part of a steam generator, from which steam, generated by heat of the combustion products, passes into the steam turbines 18 through a circuit of customary design, which is not shown in detail in the drawing, The pressure combustion products generated in the combustion chamber 2 containing solid remnants after combustion are cooled in a heat exchanger 3 for heating clean driving gases, in a heat exchanger 4 for heating combustion air and alternatively also in a heat exchanger 7 provided as an auxiliary economiser for preheating water for the steam generator. In the stream of the not cleaned combustion products one or more coolers can be provided, serving for other purposes of the circuit as for linstance for the regeneration of the solution for Washing out sulphur compounds and similar. In this case the further cooling of the combustion products is carried out by water injection in a cooling chamber 9. The cooled pressure combustion products pass thereafter through a dust separator 5, Where they are at reduced temperatures easily deprived of the solid remnants after combustion. A wet separator can be also used advantageously for this purpose. In this case a further saturator chamber 12 is provided behind the dust separator 5 where the combustion products relieved of the dust are saturated by water injection. The combustion products cooled down and relieved of dust are thereafter heated in a heat exchanger 8 by the heat contained in the expanded driving gases from the gas turbine 6 Whereafter they nally pass the already mentioned heat exchanger 3 Where the combustion products relieved of dust are again heated by hot combustion products still containing dust to the admission temperature, at which they are fed to the gas turbine 6. The gas turbine 6 drives the compressor 1 and the generator 11. The already mentioned heat exchanger 4 Where the compressed combustion air is heated by means of compressed combustion products not yet relieved of dust, can be advantageously of the regenerating type.
From the tap of the output of the compressor 1 air is also supplied to an auxiliary combustion chamber 10 for fluid or gaseous fuel and the combustion products from this chamber are mixed with the combustion products from the main combustion chamber 2 relieved of dust and heated again, with which they are supplied as driving gases to the gas turbine 6.
It is self understood that the object of this invention in its fundamental arrangement includes also other characteristic arrangements of the steam-gas or gas circuits using the technology of preparation of not aggressive driving gases for a gas turbine from combustion products on the described fundamental principle.
An advantage of the described system of operation of the steam-gas, or gas circuit according to this invention is, that the lremoval of dust from the combustion products is carried out at low temperature, where in case a suitable dust cleaning device is used, a high degree of cleanliness of the combustion products, required for the gas turbine, can be achieved. The heating of the pressure air by pressure combustion products is advantageous as at a relatively high specic weight of the air there is a good heat transmission coefficient. A regenerating heat exchanger is especially advantageous regarding price and operation. The well known drawback of the regenerating heat exchanger, that it is not tight does not matter as the penetration of air into the combustion products increases the surplus of air, it increases however the output of the gas part of the steam-gas circuit, what is advantageous. A possible pollution of the combustion air by the not cleaned combustion products is equally not damaging as the air is supplied into the combustion chamber Where fuel with an ash content is burnt.
The cooling of the combustion products by water injection leads to an increase of the output of the gas turbine and in a certain degree contributes even to an increase of the efficiency of the whole arrangement. The combustion products relieved of dust are advantageously heated in recuperating heat exchangers in order to prevent a repeated pollution. The heating takes place in a heat exchanger by combustion products from the gas turbine at normal pressure in order to reduce the loss of heat in the exhaust combustion products and furthermore by combustion products not yet relieved of dust of high temperature. This second heat exchanger must be made of a material which withstands high temperatures, which is expensive. It is therefore advantageous, that the heated and cooled medium have high pressure, what influences advantageously the heat transmission coefficient and reduces the size of the heat exchanger.
The auxiliary combustion chamber for fluid or gaseous fuel enables a flexible start and regulation. It is necessary to supply to this chamber pressure air advantageously directly from the compressor and to mix the combustion products from this chamber with the cleaned and heated combustion products supplied by the main combustion chamber. Thus the temperature of the combustion products prior to their entrance into the gas turbine is lregulated.
It is advantageous to supply the comminuted solid fuel for a combined steam/ gas circuit or for a gas circuit from an auxiliary storage vessel into the compressed primary air, with which it is brought into the pressure combustion chamber. This enables an independent operation of the fuel grinder and of the boiler without mutual influencing. The need of fuel for large energetic arrangements is large, what leads not only to the use v of large fuel grinders, but also to large cross sections of all conduits and other devices of the grinder circuit. lt is therefore advantageous to choose a high pressure in the grinder circuit in order to reduce the cross sections for the passage. The combustion products used as drying medium in the grinder circuit (vapours) have to be perfectly relieved of dust and they can be thereafter supplied together with the other combustion products into the gas turbine.
What we claim is:
1. A method of operating a gas turbine which cornprises:
(a) feeding a solid fuel and air under pressure higher than atmospheric pressure to a combustion zone;
(b) burning said fuel with said air in said zone,
whereby a hot gas of combustion having solid material suspended therein is formed;
(c) cooling said gas and the suspended material to a lower temperature;
(d) separating the suspended material from the cooled sas;
(e) heating the separated gas first by heat exchange with an expanded gas and thereafter by heat exchange with said hot gas of combustion, whereby said hot gas of combustion is cooled to said lower temperature, said higher pressure being maintained during lsaid burning, said cooling, said separating, and said heating; and
(f) expanding said heated gas in a gas turbine, Whereby said turbine is driven, and the expanded gas for said heat exchange with said separated gas is obtained.
2. A method as set forth in claim 1, wherein said gas and the suspended material are cooled by admixing water thereto.
3. A method as set forth in claim 1, wherein water is admixed to said separated gas prior to said expanding thereof. i,
4. A gas turbine arrangement comprising, in combination:
(a) a combustion chamber sealed from the atmosphere;
(b) irst feeding means for feeding a solid fuel to said chamber at a pressure higher than atmospheric pressure;
(c) second feeding means for feeding air of combustion to said chamber under said pressure for combustion of said fuel, whereby a hot combustion gas under said pressure having solid material suspended therein is generated;
(d) heat exchanger means communicating with said chamber for receiving said hot combustion gas and the suspended solid material, said heat exchanger means being adapted to cool the received gas and Isolid material to a lower temperature by heat exchange with another gas;
(e) separator means for separating said combustion gas from said solid material;
(f) a irst conduit connecting said heat exchanger means with said separator means for conveying said gas and said solid material at said lower temperature to 4said separator means;
(g) a second conduit connecting said separator means vwith said heat exchanger means for conveying the :separated combustion gas at said lower temperature to said heat exchanger means for heat exchange with said hot combustion gas and solid material, whereby the hot combustion gas and solid material are cooled to said lower temperature, and said separated gas is heated to a higher temperature;
(h) a gas turbine;
(i) a third conduit connecting said heat exchanger means to said gas turbine for operating the same by the expansion of said heated .separated gas;
(j) additional heat exchanger means `arranged in said second conduit for passage of said separated gas therethrough; and
(k) a third conduit connecting said additional heat exchanger means to said gas turbine for heat exchange of the expanded gas passing through said additional heat exchanger means.
5. An arrangement as set forth in claim 4, wherein said A second conduit includes saturator means for admixing Water to said separated gas.
6. A gas turbine arrangement comprising, in combination:
(a) a combustion chamber sealed from the atmosphere;
(b) feeding means for feeding a comminuted solid fuel to said chamber at a pressure higher than atmospheric pressure;
(c) an air compressor;
(d) a first heat exchanger communicating with said compressor and said chamber for preheating air compressed by said compressor, and for feeding the preheated compressed air to said chamber for combination with said fuel, whereby a hot gas of combustion carrying solid material is formed;
(e) a second heat exchanger interposed between said chamber and said first heat exchanger for cooling said gas of combustion and the carried solid material, and for transmitting the cooled gas of com- 6 bustion and solid material to said iirst heat exchanger for thereby preheating said compressed air and further cooling said gas of combustion and solid material;
(f) separator means communicating with said rst heat exchanger for separating said further cooled gas from the solid material carried thereby;
(g) a third heat exchanger interposed between said separator means and said second heat exchanger for reheating said separated gas in said third heat exchanger, and for heat exchange of the reheated separated gas in said second heat exchanger with said hot gas of combustion and the solid material carried, whereby said separated gas is further reheated and said hot gas of combustion and said solid material carried thereby are cooled;
(h) a gas turbine connected to said third heat exchanger for receiving said further preheated gas, the expansion of said gas driving said turbine;
(i) a conduit connecting said turbine to said third heat exchanger for conveying the expanded gas to said third heat exchanger, and for heat exchange between said expanded gas and 'said separated gas;
(j) motion transmitting means interposed between said turbine and said compressor; and
(k) power-consuming apparatus connected to said turbine.
7. An arrangement as set forth in claim 6, further comprising cooling means interposed between said rst heat exchanger and said separator means for additionally cooling said further cooled gas.
8. An arrangement as set forth in claim 7, wherein said cooling means include means for admixing water to said further cooled gas.
9. An arrangement as set yforth in claim 6, further comprising saturator means interposed between said separator means and said third heat exchanger for admixing additional water to said separated gas.
10. An arrangement as set forth in claim 6, further comprising auxiliary combustion means communicating with said turbine for burning a fuel substantially free from solid matter, whereby a fluid combustion product is formed, and for conveying said combustion product to said turbine.
References Cited by the Examiner UNITED STATES PATENTS 730,782 6/03 Morrison 60-39.46 2,401,285 5 46 Woodward 6039.46 2,446,388 8/ 48 Ramseyer 60--3 9.46 2,699,039 1/ 55 Yellott 60-39.46 3,002,347 10/ 61 Sprague 60-39.46
FOREIGN PATENTS 999,019 9/ 51 France.
642,215 8/ 56 Great Britain.
663,398 9/51 Great Britain.
SAMUEL L. LEVINE, Primary Examiner.
Claims (1)
1. A METHOD OF OPERATING A GAS TURBINE WHICH COMPRISES: (A) FEEDING A SLOID FUEL AND AIR UNDER PRESSURE HIGHER THAN ATMOSPHERIC PRESSURE TO A COMBUSTION ZONE; (B) BURNING SAID FUEL WITH SAID AIR IN SAID ZONE, WHEREBY A HOT GAS OF COMBUSTION HAVING SOLID MATERIAL SUSPENDED THEREIN IS FORMED; (C) COOLING SAID GAS AND THE SUSPENDED MATERIAL TO A LOWER TEMPREATURE; (D) SEPERATING THE SUSPENDED MATERIAL FROM THE COOLED (E) HEATING THE SEPARATED GAS FIRST BY HEAT EXCHANGE WITH AN EXPANDED GAS AND THEREAFTER BY HEAT EXCHANGE WITH SAID HOT GAS OF COMBUSTION, WHEREBY SAID HOT GAS OF COMBUSTION IS COOLED TO SAID LOWER TEMPREATURE, SAID HIGHER PRESSURE BEING MAINTAINIED DURING SAID BURNING, SAID COOLING, SAID SEPARATING, AND SAID HEATING; AND (F) EXPANDING SAID HEATED GAS IN A GAS TURBINE, WHEREBY SAID TURBINE IS DRIVEN, AND THE EXPANDED GAS FOR SAID HEAT EXCHANGE WITH SAID SEPERATED GAS IS OBTAINED.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US213717A US3203175A (en) | 1962-07-31 | 1962-07-31 | System of operation of a steam-gas circuit or of a gas circuit for gas turbines comprising a combustion chamber for solid fuel |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US213717A US3203175A (en) | 1962-07-31 | 1962-07-31 | System of operation of a steam-gas circuit or of a gas circuit for gas turbines comprising a combustion chamber for solid fuel |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| US3203175A true US3203175A (en) | 1965-08-31 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| US213717A Expired - Lifetime US3203175A (en) | 1962-07-31 | 1962-07-31 | System of operation of a steam-gas circuit or of a gas circuit for gas turbines comprising a combustion chamber for solid fuel |
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| US (1) | US3203175A (en) |
Cited By (13)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3420054A (en) * | 1966-09-09 | 1969-01-07 | Gen Electric | Combined steam-gas cycle with limited gas turbine |
| US3446014A (en) * | 1968-01-17 | 1969-05-27 | Struthers Energy Systems Inc | Pulverizer |
| US3884036A (en) * | 1972-12-01 | 1975-05-20 | Bbc Brown Boveri & Cie | Steam plant with pressure-fired boiler |
| US4212160A (en) * | 1977-12-22 | 1980-07-15 | Combustion Engineering, Inc. | Combined cycle power plant using low Btu gas |
| US4234423A (en) * | 1979-03-30 | 1980-11-18 | The United States Of America As Represented By The United States Department Of Energy | Energy recovery system |
| US4651520A (en) * | 1980-03-11 | 1987-03-24 | Bergwerksverband Gmbh | Power and heat generation from fuels |
| US4909030A (en) * | 1987-03-13 | 1990-03-20 | Mitsubishi Jukogyo Kabushiki Kaisha | Coal fired gas turbine |
| US5016435A (en) * | 1987-12-02 | 1991-05-21 | Abb Stal Ab | Method of controlling a PFBC plant in the event of operational disturbance in the gas turbine unit |
| US5078752A (en) * | 1990-03-12 | 1992-01-07 | Northern States Power Company | Coal gas productions coal-based combined cycle power production |
| US5131220A (en) * | 1987-07-29 | 1992-07-21 | National Research Development Corporation | Exothermic chemical reaction processes |
| US5435123A (en) * | 1991-05-25 | 1995-07-25 | Saarbergwerke Aktiengesellschaft | Environmentally acceptable electric energy generation process and plant |
| US5953898A (en) * | 1997-02-26 | 1999-09-21 | Foster Wheeler Energia Oy | Power generation method including control of temperature of flue gases entering a high temperature ceramic filter |
| US8858223B1 (en) * | 2009-09-22 | 2014-10-14 | Proe Power Systems, Llc | Glycerin fueled afterburning engine |
Citations (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US730782A (en) * | 1899-08-16 | 1903-06-09 | Edwin Morrison | Motive-power apparatus. |
| US2401285A (en) * | 1945-06-13 | 1946-05-28 | Hiram W Woodward | Gas turbine system |
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| FR999019A (en) * | 1952-01-25 | |||
| US2699039A (en) * | 1946-08-17 | 1955-01-11 | Bituminous Coal Research | Open cycle coal burning gas turbine system with regenerator |
| US3002347A (en) * | 1956-05-24 | 1961-10-03 | Babcock & Wilcox Co | Method and apparatus for a binary fluid power plant |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| FR999019A (en) * | 1952-01-25 | |||
| US730782A (en) * | 1899-08-16 | 1903-06-09 | Edwin Morrison | Motive-power apparatus. |
| US2446388A (en) * | 1943-10-20 | 1948-08-03 | Brassert & Co | Preheating furnace blast |
| US2401285A (en) * | 1945-06-13 | 1946-05-28 | Hiram W Woodward | Gas turbine system |
| US2699039A (en) * | 1946-08-17 | 1955-01-11 | Bituminous Coal Research | Open cycle coal burning gas turbine system with regenerator |
| GB642215A (en) * | 1948-04-29 | 1950-08-30 | English Electric Co Ltd | Improvements in and relating to gas turbine plant |
| GB663398A (en) * | 1948-11-26 | 1951-12-19 | Simmering Graz Pauker Ag | Improvements in and relating to gas turbine installations |
| US3002347A (en) * | 1956-05-24 | 1961-10-03 | Babcock & Wilcox Co | Method and apparatus for a binary fluid power plant |
Cited By (14)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3420054A (en) * | 1966-09-09 | 1969-01-07 | Gen Electric | Combined steam-gas cycle with limited gas turbine |
| US3446014A (en) * | 1968-01-17 | 1969-05-27 | Struthers Energy Systems Inc | Pulverizer |
| US3884036A (en) * | 1972-12-01 | 1975-05-20 | Bbc Brown Boveri & Cie | Steam plant with pressure-fired boiler |
| US4212160A (en) * | 1977-12-22 | 1980-07-15 | Combustion Engineering, Inc. | Combined cycle power plant using low Btu gas |
| US4234423A (en) * | 1979-03-30 | 1980-11-18 | The United States Of America As Represented By The United States Department Of Energy | Energy recovery system |
| US4651520A (en) * | 1980-03-11 | 1987-03-24 | Bergwerksverband Gmbh | Power and heat generation from fuels |
| US4909030A (en) * | 1987-03-13 | 1990-03-20 | Mitsubishi Jukogyo Kabushiki Kaisha | Coal fired gas turbine |
| US5131220A (en) * | 1987-07-29 | 1992-07-21 | National Research Development Corporation | Exothermic chemical reaction processes |
| US5016435A (en) * | 1987-12-02 | 1991-05-21 | Abb Stal Ab | Method of controlling a PFBC plant in the event of operational disturbance in the gas turbine unit |
| US5078752A (en) * | 1990-03-12 | 1992-01-07 | Northern States Power Company | Coal gas productions coal-based combined cycle power production |
| US5435123A (en) * | 1991-05-25 | 1995-07-25 | Saarbergwerke Aktiengesellschaft | Environmentally acceptable electric energy generation process and plant |
| US5953898A (en) * | 1997-02-26 | 1999-09-21 | Foster Wheeler Energia Oy | Power generation method including control of temperature of flue gases entering a high temperature ceramic filter |
| US6035628A (en) * | 1997-02-26 | 2000-03-14 | Foster Wheeler Energia Oy | Pressurized fluidized bed combustion system including control of temperature of flue gases entering a high temperature filter |
| US8858223B1 (en) * | 2009-09-22 | 2014-10-14 | Proe Power Systems, Llc | Glycerin fueled afterburning engine |
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