US3202506A - High-temperature oxidation-resistant cobalt base alloys - Google Patents
High-temperature oxidation-resistant cobalt base alloys Download PDFInfo
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- US3202506A US3202506A US253511A US25351163A US3202506A US 3202506 A US3202506 A US 3202506A US 253511 A US253511 A US 253511A US 25351163 A US25351163 A US 25351163A US 3202506 A US3202506 A US 3202506A
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- United States
- Prior art keywords
- alloy
- cobalt
- yttrium
- cobalt base
- oxidation resistance
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims description 34
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 title claims description 34
- 239000010941 cobalt Substances 0.000 title claims description 21
- 229910017052 cobalt Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims description 21
- GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt atom Chemical compound [Co] GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims description 21
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 title description 17
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 title description 17
- 229910052727 yttrium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 16
- VWQVUPCCIRVNHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N yttrium atom Chemical compound [Y] VWQVUPCCIRVNHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten Chemical compound [W] WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 229910052721 tungsten Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000010937 tungsten Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 11
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 11
- ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Molybdenum Chemical compound [Mo] ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000011733 molybdenum Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910052715 tantalum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- GUVRBAGPIYLISA-UHFFFAOYSA-N tantalum atom Chemical compound [Ta] GUVRBAGPIYLISA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000010955 niobium Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- GUCVJGMIXFAOAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N niobium atom Chemical compound [Nb] GUCVJGMIXFAOAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910052758 niobium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 5
- ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Boron Chemical compound [B] ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910052796 boron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- BHEPBYXIRTUNPN-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydridophosphorus(.) (triplet) Chemical compound [PH] BHEPBYXIRTUNPN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L manganese(2+);methyl n-[[2-(methoxycarbonylcarbamothioylamino)phenyl]carbamothioyl]carbamate;n-[2-(sulfidocarbothioylamino)ethyl]carbamodithioate Chemical compound [Mn+2].[S-]C(=S)NCCNC([S-])=S.COC(=O)NC(=S)NC1=CC=CC=C1NC(=S)NC(=O)OC WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 4
- 229910001092 metal group alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 238000005275 alloying Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 3
- LTPBRCUWZOMYOC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Beryllium oxide Chemical compound O=[Be] LTPBRCUWZOMYOC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910000531 Co alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 240000007049 Juglans regia Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000009496 Juglans regia Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001747 exhibiting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003100 immobilizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006698 induction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000014759 maintenance of location Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011572 manganese Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- SIWVEOZUMHYXCS-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoyttriooxy)yttrium Chemical compound O=[Y]O[Y]=O SIWVEOZUMHYXCS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003870 refractory metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229910052596 spinel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011029 spinel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009864 tensile test Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000020234 walnut Nutrition 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C19/00—Alloys based on nickel or cobalt
- C22C19/07—Alloys based on nickel or cobalt based on cobalt
Definitions
- High-temperature, metallic alloys including those containing cobalt are extensively utilized where hardness and high strength at high temperatures is required.
- a principal use is in the fabrication of jet engine turbine blades, supercharger parts, and the like.
- a serious limitation is the unsatisfactory oxidation resistance of usual alloys as well as the poor retention of physical properties, wherefore maximum operating conditions are below those at which optimum or improved efficiencies can be achieved.
- cobalt base alloy generally comprises somewhat more than 50% cobalt, of the order of -24% chromium, 6-l2% tungsten, with minor proportions of carbon and varied amounts of tantalum, columbium, or molybdenum.
- the alloys possess high strength at 1800 F., moderate strength at 2000" F., and exceptional oxidation resistance at 2300 F.
- Another object of the invention is to provide a cobalt base alloy to which yttrium is added to increase the oxidation resistance and improve the high-temperature properties thereof.
- Still another object of the invention is to provide a metallic alloy including a mixture of cobalt together with chromium and tungsten, comprising a basic mixture to which yttrium is added in minor proportions to increase oxidation resistance and improve the high-temperature properties thereof.
- a further object of the invention is to provide a metallic alloy including a mixture of cobalt together with chromium and tungsten, comprising a basic alloy mixture with varied amounts of tantalum, columbium, or molybdenum, to which minor proportions of yttrium is added to improve oxidation resistance and other high-temperature properties.
- Alloys of the character described containing about 10% tungsten or about 10% tantalum are considered superior for turbo-jet and ram-jet application and are accordingly especially preferred. Inclusion amounts, e.g., less than 0.05% of other materials, such as silicon, manganese, boron, and phosphorous, may be present without materially affecting final properties. Commercial production of the alloys, however, would undoubtedly introduce additional impurities comprising Without serious detriment:
- the alloy may be prepared by melting the constituents in a vacuum or inert-atmosphere furnace using a suitable high-temperature crucible or the like.
- Product articles may be produced by casting techniques with as cast articles and test specimen exhibiting quite desirable properties.
- Such alloys characteristically exhibit high strength, i.e., tensile strength of above about 40,000 psi. at 1800 F. and moderate strength at about 2000 F.
- the oxidation resistance at temperatures of the order of 2300" F. is outstanding.
- yttrium promotes oxidation resistance
- the phenomenon appears to be related to the high free-energy value for the formation of yttrium oxide resulting in the formation of an extremely stable oxide coating on exposed surfaces.
- yttrium also diffuses into the scale of the oxidized alloys to create an ordered, saturated, spinal-type structure in the scale.
- Such a type of spinel is known to provide oxidation resistance by minimizing or preventing the diffusion of oxygen or other gases through the scale coating.
- Yttrium also promotes reasonable ductility at high strength levels by immobilizing gaseous and interstitial impurities. No special methods of alloying or fabrication are required. The methods used for melting, casting and fabrication of refractory metals in conventional practice are suitable.
- Example I An alloy of Class I was prepared by melting the alloy constituents in a vacuum induction furnace using a beryllia crucible. The alloying materials were utilized in the following Weight-percentage proportions: 21.2% chromium, 9.8% tungsten; 9.4% tantalum, 0.18% carbon; 1.34% yttrium; and the balance being cobalt. Silicon, manganese, boron, and phosphorous were present in amounts of less than 0.02%
- Example II Tensile testing specimens were prepared by casting in Example II
- the preferred composition of this class of alloy i.e., Class 11 consists of the following weight-percentage proportions: 22.3% chromium, 9.5% tungsten, 10.2% niobium, 0.76% carbon, and 0.90% yttrium; the balance being 'cobalt. Silicon, manganese, boron, and phosphorous should be present in amounts less than 0.05%.
- the method of production and testing is the same as in Example I.
- the properties of this alloy should be comparable in strength and oxidation resistance to Example I.
- Example 111 The preferred composition of this class of alloy, i.e., Class III consists of the following weight-percentage proportions: 21.1% chromium, 10.2% tungsten, 8.0% molybdenum, 0.60% carbon, and 1.1% yttrium; the balance being cobalt. Silicon, manganese, boron, and phosphorous would be present in amounts less than 0.03%.
- Example I The procedure for producing and testing this alloy is the same as inExample I. This alloy should likewise be lar in properties to Example I.
- a cobalt base alloy consisting essentially of 15 to 24% by wt. of chromium, 6 to 12% by wt. of tungsten, up to a maximum of 12% by wt. of at least one material selected from the group consisting of tantalum, niobium 5 and molybdenum, 0.30 to 1.25% by Wt. of carbon, 0.05
- a cobalt base alloy having enhanced oxidation resistance and other improved high temperature properties consisting essentially of about 21% by wt. of chromium, about 10% by wt. of tungsten, about 10% by Wt. of tantalum, about 0.2% by wt. of carbon and about 1.3% by wt. of yttrium with the remainder being cobalt.
- a cobalt base alloy having enhanced oxidation resistance and other improvedhigh temperature properties consisting essentially of about 22%. by wt. of chromium, 10% by wt. of tungsten, 10% by wt. of niobium, 0.75% by wt. of carbon and 0.9% by wt. of yttrium with the remairlder being cobalt.
- a cobalt base alloy having enhanced oxidation resistance and other improved high temperature properties consisting essentially of 21% by wt. of chromium, 10% by wt. of tungsten, 8% by wt. of molybdenum, 0.6% by wt. of carbon and 1.1% by Wt. of yttrium with the remainder being cobalt.
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Powder Metallurgy (AREA)
Description
United States Patent 3,202,506 HIGH-TEMPERATURE @XIDATEEENRESISTANT CBEALT Efifih. ALLUYg David E. Deutsch, Walnut 'Creelt, (falii, assignor, by niesne assignments, to the United States of America as represented by the United States Atomic Energy (Ionimission No Drawing. Fiied L on. 23, 1063, $52. No. 253,511 10 Claims. (Cl. 75-171) The invention relates in general to high-temperature, oxidation-resistant alloys and, more particularly, to alloys 3,202,50b Patented Aug. 2%, i965 TABLE Alloy Class Cr W Ta- Nb Mo 0 Y Go 6 to 12%-.. 0.30 to 1.25% 0.05 to 2 Balance. 0.5 to 12%, 0.30 to1.25%-- 0.05 to 2 5% D0. -i 2 to 0.40 to 1.3%. 0.05 to 2 59 D0.
(*) C) 0.30 to 1.25% 0.05 to 2 5% *Perccntages by weight:
comprising a basic alloy of cobalt with lesser proportions of alloying agents including minor proportions of yttrium to enhance oxidation resistance and improve other properties.
High-temperature, metallic alloys including those containing cobalt are extensively utilized where hardness and high strength at high temperatures is required. A principal use is in the fabrication of jet engine turbine blades, supercharger parts, and the like. In such applications, a serious limitation is the unsatisfactory oxidation resistance of usual alloys as well as the poor retention of physical properties, wherefore maximum operating conditions are below those at which optimum or improved efficiencies can be achieved.
It has now been found that the addition of minor proportions of yttrium of up to about 2.5% by weight to a cobalt base alloy results in a remarkable improvement in the oxidation resistance of the alloy. Such cobalt base alloy generally comprises somewhat more than 50% cobalt, of the order of -24% chromium, 6-l2% tungsten, with minor proportions of carbon and varied amounts of tantalum, columbium, or molybdenum. The alloys possess high strength at 1800 F., moderate strength at 2000" F., and exceptional oxidation resistance at 2300 F.
Accordingly, it is an object of the invention to provide high-temperature, oxidation-resistant metallic alloys.
Another object of the invention is to provide a cobalt base alloy to which yttrium is added to increase the oxidation resistance and improve the high-temperature properties thereof.
Still another object of the invention is to provide a metallic alloy including a mixture of cobalt together with chromium and tungsten, comprising a basic mixture to which yttrium is added in minor proportions to increase oxidation resistance and improve the high-temperature properties thereof.
A further object of the invention is to provide a metallic alloy including a mixture of cobalt together with chromium and tungsten, comprising a basic alloy mixture with varied amounts of tantalum, columbium, or molybdenum, to which minor proportions of yttrium is added to improve oxidation resistance and other high-temperature properties.
Other objects and advantages of the invention will be apparent in the following description of the invention.
Alloys of the character described containing about 10% tungsten or about 10% tantalum are considered superior for turbo-jet and ram-jet application and are accordingly especially preferred. Inclusion amounts, e.g., less than 0.05% of other materials, such as silicon, manganese, boron, and phosphorous, may be present without materially affecting final properties. Commercial production of the alloys, however, would undoubtedly introduce additional impurities comprising Without serious detriment:
Percent Ni O-l Fe 0-2 Mn 01.5 Si 0-1 B 001-0 15 air 0.01-0 50 The alloy may be prepared by melting the constituents in a vacuum or inert-atmosphere furnace using a suitable high-temperature crucible or the like. Product articles may be produced by casting techniques with as cast articles and test specimen exhibiting quite desirable properties. Such alloys characteristically exhibit high strength, i.e., tensile strength of above about 40,000 psi. at 1800 F. and moderate strength at about 2000 F. Moreover, the oxidation resistance at temperatures of the order of 2300" F. is outstanding. The mechanism whereby yttrium promotes oxidation resistance is not fully understood; however, the phenomenon appears to be related to the high free-energy value for the formation of yttrium oxide resulting in the formation of an extremely stable oxide coating on exposed surfaces. It can be theorized that yttrium also diffuses into the scale of the oxidized alloys to create an ordered, saturated, spinal-type structure in the scale. Such a type of spinel is known to provide oxidation resistance by minimizing or preventing the diffusion of oxygen or other gases through the scale coating. Yttrium also promotes reasonable ductility at high strength levels by immobilizing gaseous and interstitial impurities. No special methods of alloying or fabrication are required. The methods used for melting, casting and fabrication of refractory metals in conventional practice are suitable.
Further details of the invention will be apparent in the following illustrative examples:
Example I An alloy of Class I was prepared by melting the alloy constituents in a vacuum induction furnace using a beryllia crucible. The alloying materials were utilized in the following Weight-percentage proportions: 21.2% chromium, 9.8% tungsten; 9.4% tantalum, 0.18% carbon; 1.34% yttrium; and the balance being cobalt. Silicon, manganese, boron, and phosphorous were present in amounts of less than 0.02%
Tensile testing specimens were prepared by casting in Example II The preferred composition of this class of alloy, i.e., Class 11 consists of the following weight-percentage proportions: 22.3% chromium, 9.5% tungsten, 10.2% niobium, 0.76% carbon, and 0.90% yttrium; the balance being 'cobalt. Silicon, manganese, boron, and phosphorous should be present in amounts less than 0.05%. The method of production and testingis the same as in Example I. The properties of this alloy should be comparable in strength and oxidation resistance to Example I.
Example 111 The preferred composition of this class of alloy, i.e., Class III consists of the following weight-percentage proportions: 21.1% chromium, 10.2% tungsten, 8.0% molybdenum, 0.60% carbon, and 1.1% yttrium; the balance being cobalt. Silicon, manganese, boron, and phosphorous would be present in amounts less than 0.03%.
The procedure for producing and testing this alloy is the same as inExample I. This alloy should likewise be lar in properties to Example I.
7 While there has been described in the foregoing what may be considered to be preferred embodiments of the invention modifications may be made therein without desimi to 2.5% by wt. of yttrium and the remainder being cobalt.
2. The alloy as defined in claim 1, wherein the material selected from said group is tantalum in an amount in the range of '6 to 12% by wt. I
3. The alloy as defined in claim 1 wherein the material selected from said group is niobium in an amount in the range of 0.5 to 12% by wt.
4. The alloy as defined in claim 1 wherein the material selected from said group is molybdenum in an amount in the range of2 to 10% by Wt.
5. The alloy as defined in claim 1 wherein the material selected from said group is an admixture of tantalum, niobium and molybdenum in an aggregate amount in the range of 7 to 12% by Wt.
6. The alloy as defined in claim 1 wherein the material selected from said group is an admixture of tantalum and molybdenum in an aggregate amount in the range of 7-12% by wt.
7. The alloy as defined in clairni 1 wherein the material selected from said group is an admixture of niobium and molybdenum in an aggregate amount in the range of V 7to12% by wt. I
parting from the teachings of the invention and it is intended to cover all such as fall within the scope of the appended claims.
What is claimed is:
1. A cobalt base alloy consisting essentially of 15 to 24% by wt. of chromium, 6 to 12% by wt. of tungsten, up to a maximum of 12% by wt. of at least one material selected from the group consisting of tantalum, niobium 5 and molybdenum, 0.30 to 1.25% by Wt. of carbon, 0.05
8. A cobalt base alloy having enhanced oxidation resistance and other improved high temperature properties consisting essentially of about 21% by wt. of chromium, about 10% by wt. of tungsten, about 10% by Wt. of tantalum, about 0.2% by wt. of carbon and about 1.3% by wt. of yttrium with the remainder being cobalt.
9. A cobalt base alloy having enhanced oxidation resistance and other improvedhigh temperature properties consisting essentially of about 22%. by wt. of chromium, 10% by wt. of tungsten, 10% by wt. of niobium, 0.75% by wt. of carbon and 0.9% by wt. of yttrium with the remairlder being cobalt.
10. A cobalt base alloy having enhanced oxidation resistance and other improved high temperature properties consisting essentially of 21% by wt. of chromium, 10% by wt. of tungsten, 8% by wt. of molybdenum, 0.6% by wt. of carbon and 1.1% by Wt. of yttrium with the remainder being cobalt.
References Cited by the Examiner UNITED STATES PATENTS 2,030,342 2/36 Wissler -171 2,247,643 7/41 Rohn et al. 75-171 2,304,353 12/42 Griffiths et al. 75-171 2,486,576 11/49 Savage 75-171 2,515,774 7/50 Johnson 75-171 2,974,036 3/61 Thielemann 75-171 3,017,265 l/ 62 McGurty et al. 75-176 X 3,026,199 3/62 'Thielemann 75-171 DAVID L. RECK, Primary Examiner.
ROGER L. CAMPBELL, WINSTON A. DOUGLAS,
. Examiners.
Claims (1)
1. A COBALT BASE ALLOY CONSISTNG ESSENTIALLY OF 15 TO 24% BY WT. OF CHROMIUM, 6 TO 12% BY WT OF TUNGSTEN, UP TO A MAXIMUM OF 12% BY WT OF AT LEAST ONE MATERIAL SELECTED FROM THE GROUP CONSISTING OF TANTALUM, NIOBIUM AND MOLYBDENUM, 0.30 TO 1.25% BY WT OF CARBON, 0.05 TO 2.5% BY WT OF YTTRIUM AND THE REMAINDER BEING COBALT.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US253511A US3202506A (en) | 1963-01-23 | 1963-01-23 | High-temperature oxidation-resistant cobalt base alloys |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US253511A US3202506A (en) | 1963-01-23 | 1963-01-23 | High-temperature oxidation-resistant cobalt base alloys |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| US3202506A true US3202506A (en) | 1965-08-24 |
Family
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Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| US253511A Expired - Lifetime US3202506A (en) | 1963-01-23 | 1963-01-23 | High-temperature oxidation-resistant cobalt base alloys |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US3202506A (en) |
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3346378A (en) * | 1965-03-22 | 1967-10-10 | Gen Electric | Cobalt base alloys |
| US3399058A (en) * | 1963-11-07 | 1968-08-27 | Garrett Corp | Sulfidation and oxidation resistant cobalt-base alloy |
| US3549356A (en) * | 1969-01-06 | 1970-12-22 | Gen Electric | High temperature corrosive resistant cobalt-base alloys |
| US3617264A (en) * | 1969-12-30 | 1971-11-02 | Gen Electric | High-temperature oxidation-resistant cobalt base alloys |
Citations (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2030342A (en) * | 1933-07-15 | 1936-02-11 | Union Carbide & Carbon Corp | Alloy |
| US2247643A (en) * | 1938-12-24 | 1941-07-01 | Rohn Wilheim | Hardening cobalt-nickel-chromium-iron alloys |
| US2304353A (en) * | 1935-05-09 | 1942-12-08 | Int Nickel Co | Heat resistant alloy |
| US2486576A (en) * | 1946-04-13 | 1949-11-01 | Crucible Steel Company | Heat-treatment of cobalt base alloys and products |
| US2515774A (en) * | 1945-05-23 | 1950-07-18 | Gen Electric | High-temperature alloy |
| US2974036A (en) * | 1958-07-28 | 1961-03-07 | Sierra Metals Corp | High temperature cobalt-base alloy |
| US3017265A (en) * | 1959-09-25 | 1962-01-16 | Gen Electric | Oxidation resistant iron-chromium alloy |
| US3026199A (en) * | 1958-07-28 | 1962-03-20 | Sierra Metals Corp | Metal alloy |
-
1963
- 1963-01-23 US US253511A patent/US3202506A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Patent Citations (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2030342A (en) * | 1933-07-15 | 1936-02-11 | Union Carbide & Carbon Corp | Alloy |
| US2304353A (en) * | 1935-05-09 | 1942-12-08 | Int Nickel Co | Heat resistant alloy |
| US2247643A (en) * | 1938-12-24 | 1941-07-01 | Rohn Wilheim | Hardening cobalt-nickel-chromium-iron alloys |
| US2515774A (en) * | 1945-05-23 | 1950-07-18 | Gen Electric | High-temperature alloy |
| US2486576A (en) * | 1946-04-13 | 1949-11-01 | Crucible Steel Company | Heat-treatment of cobalt base alloys and products |
| US2974036A (en) * | 1958-07-28 | 1961-03-07 | Sierra Metals Corp | High temperature cobalt-base alloy |
| US3026199A (en) * | 1958-07-28 | 1962-03-20 | Sierra Metals Corp | Metal alloy |
| US3017265A (en) * | 1959-09-25 | 1962-01-16 | Gen Electric | Oxidation resistant iron-chromium alloy |
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3399058A (en) * | 1963-11-07 | 1968-08-27 | Garrett Corp | Sulfidation and oxidation resistant cobalt-base alloy |
| US3346378A (en) * | 1965-03-22 | 1967-10-10 | Gen Electric | Cobalt base alloys |
| US3549356A (en) * | 1969-01-06 | 1970-12-22 | Gen Electric | High temperature corrosive resistant cobalt-base alloys |
| US3617264A (en) * | 1969-12-30 | 1971-11-02 | Gen Electric | High-temperature oxidation-resistant cobalt base alloys |
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