US320079A - Half to thomas o - Google Patents
Half to thomas o Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US320079A US320079A US320079DA US320079A US 320079 A US320079 A US 320079A US 320079D A US320079D A US 320079DA US 320079 A US320079 A US 320079A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- wood
- metal
- joist
- timber
- shell
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 24
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 24
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 description 21
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 5
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920001131 Pulp (paper) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009408 flooring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16B—DEVICES FOR FASTENING OR SECURING CONSTRUCTIONAL ELEMENTS OR MACHINE PARTS TOGETHER, e.g. NAILS, BOLTS, CIRCLIPS, CLAMPS, CLIPS OR WEDGES; JOINTS OR JOINTING
- F16B7/00—Connections of rods or tubes, e.g. of non-circular section, mutually, including resilient connections
- F16B7/04—Clamping or clipping connections
- F16B7/0406—Clamping or clipping connections for rods or tubes being coaxial
- F16B7/0413—Clamping or clipping connections for rods or tubes being coaxial for tubes using the innerside thereof
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T403/00—Joints and connections
- Y10T403/55—Member ends joined by inserted section
Definitions
- the invention relates to composite beams, joists, stringers, posts, columns, &c., made of wood incased with iron, steel, or other metal arranged in relation to each other to combine strength and comparative lightness, and pro vision for fastening thereto by nailing or other equivalent fastening.
- A represents a beam, joist, or girder containing the features of'my invention
- I have represented the one shown in Fig. 1 as having the central portion, a, of timber of proper dimensions, and the exterior, Z), of metal, the metal, however, not inclosing the entire upper surface of the timber, but leaving a portion exposed for the reception of the nails or fastenings used in fastening crossstringers or boards, flooring, &c., thereto.
- the metal casing Z) is made quite thin, and preferably is formed by rolling or bending a flat plate so that the sides shall be at right angles to the bottom.
- the timber is then inserted and the flanges Z) turned down into recesses a formed in the upper surface of the timber, or the flanges may be first rolled or formed to shape and the timber slid into place, or there may be no flanges, in which case the timber, if desired, may be' bolted to the metal sides.
- the metal shell I) is provided with suitable holes, If, forming mortises for the reception of tenons on uprights, cross beams, stringers, &c.
- I may form it in two parts, I)" and b, as shown in Fig. 3, between which the wood section a of the beam is placed, and which are (Yo model.)
- These pieces may have flanges which extend intoreeesses formed in the wood section, if desired.
- the beam or joist may have at one or both ends a crosspiccc, E, which may be embedded in brick-work or used as a base of a post, and it is secured in place either by means of a screw or bolt passing through the same into the wood section or by means of aprojection, c, and bolt 0', as shown in Fig. 3, or in any other desirable way.
- the metal casing or shell should be made thick enough to obtain all necessary strength, and it may be of the same thickness throughout,or the sides may be heavier or thicker than the flangesat the top and the bottom, or not, as may be desired, as it is not essential that the metal of the casing be of one thickness; but it is essential to obtain the construction with the least weight of metal.
- This construction of the composite beam has another advantage in that even when Wood or timber is inclosed by a casing it is still substantially fire-proof, and will resist the action of intense heat longer and more uniformly than will solid metal beams.
- the wood or other material inclosed by the metal shell or casing will also prevent it from warping or bending when hot, and will strengthen it by holding its sides in place and braced apart.
- a composite beam, joist, stringer, post, or other similar article comprising a central section of wood and a continuous shell or envelope of steel or iron which closely fits the wood, and which has the flanges b, projecting therefrom to inclose the wooden section, all substantially as and for the purposes described.
- a combined wood and metal beam, joist, or other similar structural device having the central section of wood, the exterior shell 0t 0 meta1,and the metal cross-piece E, all substantially as and for the purposes described.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Rod-Shaped Construction Members (AREA)
- Floor Finish (AREA)
Description
(No Model.)
W. W. MARTIN.
v BEAM, JOIST, &c. N0. 320,079. Patented June 16, 1885.
. INVENTUR WITNESSES Z N4 PETERS, Photo-Lithographer. wmmm 0. c4
Unrrn ATEENT rrrcrx \VEBSTER \V. MARTIN, OF BOSTON, MASSACHUSETTS, ASSIGNOR OF ONE- HALF TO THOMAS O. POTTER, OF SAME PLACE.
BEAM, JOIST, &c.
SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 320,079, dated June 16, 1885.
Application filed March 15, 1884.
T0 aZZ whom it may concern.-
Be itknown that I, \VE'Bs'rER \V. BIARTIX, of Boston, in the county of Suffolk and State of Massachusetts, a citizen of the United States, have invented a new and useful Improvement in Beams, Joists, Stringcrs, &c., of which the following is afull, clear, and exact description, reference beinghad to the accompanying drawings, forming a part of this specification in describing its nature, in which Figure 1 represents in perspective a beam containing the features of my invention, and Figs. 2 and 3 show details hereinafter especially referred to.
The invention relates to composite beams, joists, stringers, posts, columns, &c., made of wood incased with iron, steel, or other metal arranged in relation to each other to combine strength and comparative lightness, and pro vision for fastening thereto by nailing or other equivalent fastening.
Referring to the drawings, A represents a beam, joist, or girder containing the features of'my invention, and I have represented the one shown in Fig. 1 as having the central portion, a, of timber of proper dimensions, and the exterior, Z), of metal, the metal, however, not inclosing the entire upper surface of the timber, but leaving a portion exposed for the reception of the nails or fastenings used in fastening crossstringers or boards, flooring, &c., thereto. The metal casing Z) is made quite thin, and preferably is formed by rolling or bending a flat plate so that the sides shall be at right angles to the bottom. The timber is then inserted and the flanges Z) turned down into recesses a formed in the upper surface of the timber, or the flanges may be first rolled or formed to shape and the timber slid into place, or there may be no flanges, in which case the timber, if desired, may be' bolted to the metal sides. The metal shell I) is provided with suitable holes, If, forming mortises for the reception of tenons on uprights, cross beams, stringers, &c.
Instead of makin g the metal shell of the beam in one part, I may form it in two parts, I)" and b, as shown in Fig. 3, between which the wood section a of the beam is placed, and which are (Yo model.)
bolted together through the wood. These pieces may have flanges which extend intoreeesses formed in the wood section, if desired.
I have also shown in said drawings means for splicing such beams, consisting ofthe plates 0, bolted or riveted to the end of one section and extending within the other section and bolted or riveted thereto.
The beam or joist may have at one or both ends a crosspiccc, E, which may be embedded in brick-work or used as a base of a post, and it is secured in place either by means of a screw or bolt passing through the same into the wood section or by means of aprojection, c, and bolt 0', as shown in Fig. 3, or in any other desirable way.
Of course there are many modifications of the form of this in vention,and I do not confine myself to the specific forms herein described, the principal purpose of the invention being to provide a combined wood and metal beam, joist, stringer, column, &c., in which the wood shall be ineloscd upon two or more sides by a comparatively light metal plate or plates, shaped in the best form to resist strains and give strength, and for the purpose of increasing the strength of beams, &c., while at the same time the advantages of an all-wood beam are preserved, in that one or more sections of wood are left exposed as a means of forming an attachment or fastening by nailing.
It will be observed that for the purpose of providing a composite beam, stringer, rafter, &c., that it will not be necessary that the nailing-surface be flush with the metal shell, and it may be within it, or may extend beyond it. It is also obvious that in lieu of the wood or timber the space within the metal portion of the beam, joist, &c., may be filled with wood pulp, tcrra-cotta,or other similar material,solidly packed therein, as it is intended to obtain the principal strength of the beam, joist, &c., from the metal portion thereof, and any material which is adapted to receive a nail or fastening of any character can be used in conncction with the metal casing or shell.
The metal casing or shell should be made thick enough to obtain all necessary strength, and it may be of the same thickness throughout,or the sides may be heavier or thicker than the flangesat the top and the bottom, or not, as may be desired, as it is not essential that the metal of the casing be of one thickness; but it is essential to obtain the construction with the least weight of metal. This construction of the composite beam has another advantage in that even when Wood or timber is inclosed by a casing it is still substantially fire-proof, and will resist the action of intense heat longer and more uniformly than will solid metal beams.
The wood or other material inclosed by the metal shell or casing will also prevent it from warping or bending when hot, and will strengthen it by holding its sides in place and braced apart.
Having thus fully described myinvention, I claim and desire to secure by Letters Patent of the United States 1. A composite beam, joist, stringer, post, or other similar article comprising a central section of wood and a continuous shell or envelope of steel or iron which closely fits the wood, and which has the flanges b, projecting therefrom to inclose the wooden section, all substantially as and for the purposes described.
2. The combination, in a post, beam, stringer, joist,or other similar article, of a central section, a, of wood, and an exterior shell, b, 30 of metal surrounding the wood upon three sides, and having the flanges 1), extending up on the fourth side thereof, but not to entirely cover the wood, whereby-the strength of the composite post or beam is increased,and a nail- 3 5 ing-surtace provided, all substantially as and for the purposes described.
3. A combined wood and metal beam, joist, or other similar structural device having the central section of wood, the exterior shell 0t 0 meta1,and the metal cross-piece E, all substantially as and for the purposes described.
4. A combined wood and metal beam, joist. or other similar structural device having one or more mortises or holes, b formed in the 45 metal shell, all substantially as and for the purposes described.
5. The combination of two sections of a com- ,bined wood and metal beam, &c., with coupling plate or plates 0, substantially as and for..5o the purposes described.
\VEBSTER W. MARTIN.
\Vitnesses:
F. F. RAYMOND, 2d, FRED. B. DOLAN.
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
US320079A true US320079A (en) | 1885-06-16 |
Family
ID=2389221
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US320079D Expired - Lifetime US320079A (en) | Half to thomas o |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US320079A (en) |
Cited By (9)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2578228A (en) * | 1948-06-16 | 1951-12-11 | Howard H Clark | Safety scaffold pole |
US2601873A (en) * | 1949-08-31 | 1952-07-01 | Steel Heddle Mfg Co | Loom harness |
US2647270A (en) * | 1949-01-07 | 1953-08-04 | Lester P Frost | Balk connector |
US2901987A (en) * | 1954-04-12 | 1959-09-01 | Chrysler Corp | Car loading apparatus |
US3108663A (en) * | 1959-09-10 | 1963-10-29 | Reynolds Metals Co | Extrusion construction |
US3456968A (en) * | 1967-09-05 | 1969-07-22 | Walter B Nichols | Splice connector assembly |
US4176622A (en) * | 1976-01-08 | 1979-12-04 | Johann Wolf Gesellschaft M.B.H. Kg | Floor grid for use in keeping animals |
US5625997A (en) * | 1993-12-30 | 1997-05-06 | Callahan; Robert M. | Composite beam |
US5921053A (en) * | 1997-12-17 | 1999-07-13 | Metwood, Inc. | Internally reinforced girder with pierceable nonmetal components |
-
0
- US US320079D patent/US320079A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (9)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2578228A (en) * | 1948-06-16 | 1951-12-11 | Howard H Clark | Safety scaffold pole |
US2647270A (en) * | 1949-01-07 | 1953-08-04 | Lester P Frost | Balk connector |
US2601873A (en) * | 1949-08-31 | 1952-07-01 | Steel Heddle Mfg Co | Loom harness |
US2901987A (en) * | 1954-04-12 | 1959-09-01 | Chrysler Corp | Car loading apparatus |
US3108663A (en) * | 1959-09-10 | 1963-10-29 | Reynolds Metals Co | Extrusion construction |
US3456968A (en) * | 1967-09-05 | 1969-07-22 | Walter B Nichols | Splice connector assembly |
US4176622A (en) * | 1976-01-08 | 1979-12-04 | Johann Wolf Gesellschaft M.B.H. Kg | Floor grid for use in keeping animals |
US5625997A (en) * | 1993-12-30 | 1997-05-06 | Callahan; Robert M. | Composite beam |
US5921053A (en) * | 1997-12-17 | 1999-07-13 | Metwood, Inc. | Internally reinforced girder with pierceable nonmetal components |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
US320079A (en) | Half to thomas o | |
US992739A (en) | System of constructing buildings. | |
US3131791A (en) | Metal joist | |
US533659A (en) | Ceiling-supporter | |
US385624A (en) | Cowlposite beam | |
US3256662A (en) | Prefabricated laminated beam structures | |
US158983A (en) | Improvement in compound iron beams | |
US484026A (en) | Architectural column | |
US820156A (en) | Fireproof column. | |
US538562A (en) | Gustav m | |
US1423481A (en) | Stair landing or platform | |
US3164227A (en) | Nailable metal joist | |
US557147A (en) | Andrew b | |
US529724A (en) | golding | |
US409832A (en) | Compound fire-proof column | |
US684258A (en) | Portable concrete beam. | |
US582307A (en) | William orr | |
US1013537A (en) | Fireproof floor and ceiling construction. | |
US809090A (en) | Interior concrete structural work. | |
US152340A (en) | Improvement in fire-proof buildings | |
US551258A (en) | William ii | |
US438678A (en) | Harry d | |
US847850A (en) | Timber seat and support. | |
US647837A (en) | Building construction. | |
US419056A (en) | Frame house |