US319854A - Eugen schaal - Google Patents
Eugen schaal Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US319854A US319854A US319854DA US319854A US 319854 A US319854 A US 319854A US 319854D A US319854D A US 319854DA US 319854 A US319854 A US 319854A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- petrol
- acid
- eugen
- soap
- schaal
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 241000920033 Eugenes Species 0.000 title description 8
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 30
- 239000000344 soap Substances 0.000 description 22
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 14
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 14
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 12
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 description 10
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 10
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 10
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 8
- MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxygen Chemical compound O=O MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 239000003208 petroleum Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 6
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Carbonate dianion Chemical compound [O-]C([O-])=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 4
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- KEAYESYHFKHZAL-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium Chemical compound [Na] KEAYESYHFKHZAL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 235000011121 sodium hydroxide Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 125000004429 atoms Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003518 caustics Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 2
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 2
- 159000000003 magnesium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 2
- GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitric acid Chemical compound O[N+]([O-])=O GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000010742 number 1 fuel oil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000007524 organic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 235000005985 organic acids Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 229960003903 oxygen Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 230000001105 regulatory Effects 0.000 description 2
- GGCZERPQGJTIQP-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium;9,10-dioxoanthracene-2-sulfonic acid Chemical compound [Na+].C1=CC=C2C(=O)C3=CC(S(=O)(=O)O)=CC=C3C(=O)C2=C1 GGCZERPQGJTIQP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 2
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
- C11D13/00—Making of soap or soap solutions in general; Apparatus therefor
- C11D13/02—Boiling soap; Refining
Definitions
- an alkaline substances uch, for instance, as oxide of calcium or caustic soda, or a mixture prepared of equal parts of oxide of calcium, caustic soda, and carbonate of sodaand then the retort is heated so as to cause the mass to boil violently under constant stirring, while at the same time a current of atmospheric air or oxy gen is passed through the mixture by means of an air-pump or otherwise.
- an additional quantity of alkali is introduced, which may be effected through the cooling-tube in a manner well known to chemists.
- the whole quantity of alkali employed may be as much as one hundred and twentyfive pounds, or twenty-five per cent. of the petroleum used.
- the supply of the alkali must be regulated so as to have some free alkali present during the entire process of conversion.
- soap I take a quantity of petrol acid and boil the same together with a suitable quantity of caustic. alkali or of the carbonate of an alkali.
- the liquid petrol acids appear to form a homologue series having the general formula OnH,n ,O,for instance, O,,H,,O,, O H O &c.
- OnH,n ,O for instance, O,,H,,O,, O H O &c.
- NaOHO sodium hydroside
- the solid petrol acids are poorer in hydrogen and richer in oxygen than the liquid petrol acids. They contain from three to four atoms of oxygen.
- the magnesium salt of a solid petrol acid contains (3:57.903 Mg:2 0:10.62 Equiv.
- the silver salt of a solid petrol acid contains- 0:58.155 Ag :108 0:22.36 Equ.
- a soap composed of the petrol acid FRIEDRICH OEIIM, herein specified and a saponifying alkali, sub- T. ROENIIEIM.
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Detergent Compositions (AREA)
Description
UNITED STATES PATENT (OFFICE.
EUGEN SOHAAL, OF STUTTGART, WERTEMBERG, GERMANY.
COMPOSITION FOR SOAP.
EBPEOIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 319,854, dated June 9,1885.
Application filed March 27, 1885. (Specimens) To all whom it may concern: Be it known that I, EUGEN SCHAAL, a subject of the King of Wiirtemberg, residing at Stuttgart, in the Kingdom of Wiirtemberg and German Empire, have invented new and useful Improvements in. Compositions for Soaps, of which the following is a specification. This invention relates to a soap composition in which petrol acid forms one of the ingresults from the condensation of the vapors runs back into the retort. To the petroleum I add from twenty to thirty pounds of an alkaline substancesuch, for instance, as oxide of calcium or caustic soda, or a mixture prepared of equal parts of oxide of calcium, caustic soda, and carbonate of sodaand then the retort is heated so as to cause the mass to boil violently under constant stirring, while at the same time a current of atmospheric air or oxy gen is passed through the mixture by means of an air-pump or otherwise. After the boiling has continued for about half an hour (more or less) an additional quantity of alkali is introduced, which may be effected through the cooling-tube in a manner well known to chemists. The whole quantity of alkali employed may be as much as one hundred and twentyfive pounds, or twenty-five per cent. of the petroleum used. The supply of the alkali must be regulated so as to have some free alkali present during the entire process of conversion. By the action of the oxygen the petroleum is converted into acids, which, being mostly insoluble in the remaining liquor, are
precipitated to the bottom of the retort.
Different kinds of petroleum, earth oils, brown coal-oils, or similar hydrocarbons may be converted into soap in the manner above described.
From these soaps the organic acids contained therein are separated,and an acid mixture is obtained which contains solid and liquid petrol acids. In preparing soaps suitable for cleaning floors, tinware, coarse metals, washing greasy garments, or for laundry purposes in general I can use either the solid or the liquid petrol acid.
In order to prepare soap I take a quantity of petrol acid and boil the same together with a suitable quantity of caustic. alkali or of the carbonate of an alkali. The liquid petrol acids appear to form a homologue series having the general formula OnH,n ,O,for instance, O,,H,,O,, O H O &c. In order to form a soap from an acid composed of 0 11, 0,, one equivalent of sodium hydroside (NaOHO) is required, or about forty pounds of sodium hydroside to one hundred and fifty-six pounds of the acid; but this proportion varies according to the kind of soap to be produced. The solid petrol acids are poorer in hydrogen and richer in oxygen than the liquid petrol acids. They contain from three to four atoms of oxygen. The magnesium salt of a solid petrol acid contains (3:57.903 Mg:2 0:10.62 Equiv.
H: 7.313 H:16.1 Mg: 6.541 Mg: 1.
The silver salt of a solid petrol acid contains- 0:58.155 Ag :108 0:22.36 Equ.
Ag:23.410 Ag: 1.
gens, do not form any substitution products, In testimony whereof I have hereunto set and that by the action of nitric acid the formamy hand and seal in the presence of two subtion of eiaidine does not occur. scribing witnesses.
\Vhat I claim as new, and desire to secure 5 by Letters Patent, :is- EUGEN SOHAAL. [L. s.]
1. As an ingredient in the composition of soap, the petrol acid herein specified. Vitnesses:
2. A soap composed of the petrol acid FRIEDRICH OEIIM, herein specified and a saponifying alkali, sub- T. ROENIIEIM.
1o stantiaiiy as and for the purpose described.
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| US319854A true US319854A (en) | 1885-06-09 |
Family
ID=2388998
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| US319854D Expired - Lifetime US319854A (en) | Eugen schaal |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US319854A (en) |
-
0
- US US319854D patent/US319854A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
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