US3197049A - Universal excavator - Google Patents

Universal excavator Download PDF

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Publication number
US3197049A
US3197049A US363797A US36379764A US3197049A US 3197049 A US3197049 A US 3197049A US 363797 A US363797 A US 363797A US 36379764 A US36379764 A US 36379764A US 3197049 A US3197049 A US 3197049A
Authority
US
United States
Prior art keywords
pivotally connected
arm
crank arm
point
dipper stick
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US363797A
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Schwing Friedrich
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Friedrich Wilhelm Schwing GmbH
Original Assignee
Friedrich Wilhelm Schwing GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Friedrich Wilhelm Schwing GmbH filed Critical Friedrich Wilhelm Schwing GmbH
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US3197049A publication Critical patent/US3197049A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02F—DREDGING; SOIL-SHIFTING
    • E02F3/00—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines
    • E02F3/04—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines mechanically-driven
    • E02F3/28—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines mechanically-driven with digging tools mounted on a dipper- or bucket-arm, i.e. there is either one arm or a pair of arms, e.g. dippers, buckets
    • E02F3/36—Component parts
    • E02F3/3604—Devices to connect tools to arms, booms or the like
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02F—DREDGING; SOIL-SHIFTING
    • E02F3/00—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines
    • E02F3/04—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines mechanically-driven
    • E02F3/28—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines mechanically-driven with digging tools mounted on a dipper- or bucket-arm, i.e. there is either one arm or a pair of arms, e.g. dippers, buckets
    • E02F3/30—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines mechanically-driven with digging tools mounted on a dipper- or bucket-arm, i.e. there is either one arm or a pair of arms, e.g. dippers, buckets with a dipper-arm pivoted on a cantilever beam, i.e. boom
    • E02F3/301—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines mechanically-driven with digging tools mounted on a dipper- or bucket-arm, i.e. there is either one arm or a pair of arms, e.g. dippers, buckets with a dipper-arm pivoted on a cantilever beam, i.e. boom with more than two arms (boom included), e.g. two-part boom with additional dipper-arm
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02F—DREDGING; SOIL-SHIFTING
    • E02F3/00—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines
    • E02F3/04—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines mechanically-driven
    • E02F3/28—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines mechanically-driven with digging tools mounted on a dipper- or bucket-arm, i.e. there is either one arm or a pair of arms, e.g. dippers, buckets
    • E02F3/30—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines mechanically-driven with digging tools mounted on a dipper- or bucket-arm, i.e. there is either one arm or a pair of arms, e.g. dippers, buckets with a dipper-arm pivoted on a cantilever beam, i.e. boom
    • E02F3/32—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines mechanically-driven with digging tools mounted on a dipper- or bucket-arm, i.e. there is either one arm or a pair of arms, e.g. dippers, buckets with a dipper-arm pivoted on a cantilever beam, i.e. boom working downwardly and towards the machine, e.g. with backhoes
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02F—DREDGING; SOIL-SHIFTING
    • E02F3/00—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines
    • E02F3/04—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines mechanically-driven
    • E02F3/28—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines mechanically-driven with digging tools mounted on a dipper- or bucket-arm, i.e. there is either one arm or a pair of arms, e.g. dippers, buckets
    • E02F3/36—Component parts
    • E02F3/3604—Devices to connect tools to arms, booms or the like
    • E02F3/3677—Devices to connect tools to arms, booms or the like allowing movement, e.g. rotation or translation, of the tool around or along another axis as the movement implied by the boom or arms, e.g. for tilting buckets
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02F—DREDGING; SOIL-SHIFTING
    • E02F3/00—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines
    • E02F3/04—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines mechanically-driven
    • E02F3/28—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines mechanically-driven with digging tools mounted on a dipper- or bucket-arm, i.e. there is either one arm or a pair of arms, e.g. dippers, buckets
    • E02F3/36—Component parts
    • E02F3/42—Drives for dippers, buckets, dipper-arms or bucket-arms
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02F—DREDGING; SOIL-SHIFTING
    • E02F9/00—Component parts of dredgers or soil-shifting machines, not restricted to one of the kinds covered by groups E02F3/00 - E02F7/00
    • E02F9/20—Drives; Control devices
    • E02F9/22—Hydraulic or pneumatic drives
    • E02F9/2264—Arrangements or adaptations of elements for hydraulic drives
    • E02F9/2275—Hoses and supports therefor and protection therefor

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a universal excavator or a similar device which automatically achieves straight-line travel of the tools attached thereto in any position or direction.
  • the dipper stick With standard ⁇ dipper shovels, the dipper stick describes a circle about a .pivot point at the associated boom. Accordingly, the tool attached to the dippe-r stick also assumes circular motion. Therefore, the path of the tool is a circular are, when the clipper stick moves around the pivot .point at the looom.
  • the tool makes another motion. lf now the speeds of these motions, as a function of the path traveled by the tool, are controlled, it is possible to produce a straight-line motion of the tool. This is also possible, if one motion is carried through at a constant speed and if the other motion is regulated in its speed. If, -in addition, the cutting angle of the tool is to be kept constant during the straight-line travel, it is necessary in addition to swing the tool at an exactly controlled angular velocity at the dipper stick. From these basic considerations, it results that in case of standard dipper shovels an unusual effort on the ⁇ part of the machine as well as physically on the par-t of the operator is necessary to achieve a straight-line travel under any single angle.
  • Excavators are known, which seem to be better suited to accomplishing straight-line travels than the above discussed dipper shovels of standard design. With such machines, the tool is attached to -a stick, which is guided by rollers coaxially arranged to this stick and carrying the tool at its front end. It is possible to produce a straight travel of the tool by shorteningr or lengthening this systern.
  • this working equipment consisting of the two coaxial stick parts and the tool attached to them has the grave disadvantage that even in a totally retracted state it still has such a length that the pivotal point of the working equipment must :be arranged at the revolving frame lin a very high position in order that the working equipment ⁇ can be swung upwards -in the vertical direction by a possibly wide angle over the horizontal position without bumping with the retracted stick part projecting over the block into the shovels cab.
  • the part prjecting over the block could be shortened by any length.
  • the position of the pivot point with regard to the yrevolving fra-me and truck frame of the shovel, depends on the fact that in case, where the excavator crowds under its floor level, i.e. where the boom is lowered by approxi- ICC mately 45 in vertical direction to the horizontal level, the revolving frame can be rotated around its vertical axis :without the danger thatl the working equipment collides with the truck frame.
  • the pivotal point must be mounted at such a height that the tool in retracted state -of the working equipment reaches the ground level.
  • the present invention intends to remove this shortcoming; namely, in so far that for the automatically straight-line motion of the tool, n'o rails or similar elements are employed. Rather, such systems, which consist of hinged mem-bers which collapse when the too-l is retracted to the individua-l length of the working equipment always is as large as the remaining travel of the tool.
  • hydraulic cylinders serve only as drive and are not at the same time to achieve lthe straight-line motion, as well as such systems, where instead of hydraulic cylinder motors, gear racks or hoistsI are used.
  • lthe invention is capab-le of automatically effecting straight line travel of a shovelth-rou gh the folding of a system of hinged mem- Ibers, the length of travel of which is longer than the length of the folded system. f
  • FIG. 1 is an elevational view of a universal excavator incorporating the novel features of the invention, where the Working level is below the shovels level.
  • the dotted lines indicate the machines position after the bucket has completed its travel across the surface being shoveled.
  • FIG. 2 is an elevational view similar to FIG. 1 showing the same excavator with an elevated base of the Working surface with the boom swung to the lowest position.
  • the dotted lines indicate the working system raised upwardly;
  • FIG. 3 is an elevational View similar to FIGS. l and 2 showing ⁇ an elevated Working surface. In tins case the working level of ythe tool lies above the shovels ground level.
  • the working system consists of a tool or bucket member 1 pivotally mounted at E on one end of a front arm or dipper stick 3.
  • a hydraulic cylinder Z has one end pivotally mounted at F to the bucket 1 in spaced relation from the point E.
  • the other end of the hydraulic cylinder 2 and a point spaced from the other end of the front arm 3 are pivotally connected in spaced relation between a pair of center crank arms 4 at pointsG and H, respectively.
  • a rear arm 5 is pivotally connected at a point spaced from one of its ends between the opposite end of the crank arms 4 at a point C; while the other end of the rear arm 5 is pivotally connected to the center point of another crank arm 11 as at A. Further, there is provided guide rods or linkagesl 6, one end of which is pivotally connected to anV intermediate point D of the crank arm 4; ⁇ while the other ends of the linkages 6 are pivotally connected to the one end of the crank arms '11 at B.
  • a working or yoperating hydraulic cylinder 7 has one end thereof pivotally connected to a-bracket depending from an intermediateportion of the rear arm S; while the other end is pivotally connected between the crank members 11 at point B.
  • the crank members 11 are pivotally connected to the extended end of an auxiliary boom 9 at point A.
  • the opposite end of the boom 9 is pivotally connected to a pair of spaced linkages 12 and 13.
  • the opposite ends of the linkagesy 12 and i3 are pivotally connected to an upwardly extending member llt which is integrally connected to the main frame of the excavator vehicle.
  • the pivot points of the linkages l2 and i3 on the boom 9 are substantially equidistantly spaced with respect to the pivot points of the linkages on the member i4.
  • Ahydraulic hoist ram Sis pivotally mounted between a bracket connected -to the auxiliary boom 9 and one end of the crank member 11.
  • a boomadjusting hydraulic cylinder 16 has its opposite ends pivotally mounted on a bracket depending from the intermediate portion of the linkage 13 and a downwardly positioned point on the member 14.
  • the rear arm 5 forms one side of a parallelogram, while the linkage 6 forms the opposite side.
  • the other sides ofthe parallelogram are formed by that portion of the center crank arm 4 between the pivot points C and D, and that portion of the other crank arm El between the pivot points A and B.
  • the bucket 1 Since the points E, F, A and H form a parallelograrn, the bucket 1 remains in a constant attitude as it is moved through its working cycle toward the supporting vehicle frame. Accordingly, the cutting cycle of the bucket l also remains constant.
  • the line AB and thus the apparatus attached thereto can be lifted vertically by the hoist ram 8. This is required when it is desired to work on an elevated working surface such as illustrated in PEG. 3.
  • the auxiliary boom 9 can be adjusted toany desired height through the energization of the hydraulic cylinder 1t?, it will be seen that the bucket 1 and associated mechanism can be moved to perform the desired operation at any height. Also, through the cooperative effort of the cylinders 8 and 10, the bucket 1 can be positioned to perform its straight line work along anyangle with respect to the horizontal.
  • any working motion of the bucket in deviation from the automatic straight-line motion can be accomplished.
  • hydraulically actuated cylinders 15 are provided.
  • Y lirst hydraulic means pivotally connected adjacent one end, to said bucket at a point spaced from the end of said dipper stick;
  • a first crank arm the other end of said dipper stick pivotally connected to said arm intermediate the ends thereof, the opposite end of said first hydraulic means pivotally connected to one end of said arm, ⁇ the distance between the pivotal connections of the one end of said front dipper stick and said rst hydraulic means to said bucket being substantially equal to the distance between the pivotal connec tions between the other ends of said front dipper stick and said rst hydraulic means to said lirst crank arm;
  • linkage means pivotally connected adjacent one end to said rst crank arm at a point between the pivotal connections of said front clipper stick and said rear arm thereto;
  • the invention defined in claim 1 including means for effecting pivotal movement of said bucket about an axis in a plane substantially perpendicular to the plane of the axes of the pivotal connections of said bucket to said first hydraulic means and said front dipper stick.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Operation Control Of Excavators (AREA)
  • Earth Drilling (AREA)
  • Jib Cranes (AREA)
US363797A 1963-05-02 1964-04-30 Universal excavator Expired - Lifetime US3197049A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DESC033222 1963-05-02

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3197049A true US3197049A (en) 1965-07-27

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ID=7432718

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US363797A Expired - Lifetime US3197049A (en) 1963-05-02 1964-04-30 Universal excavator

Country Status (6)

Country Link
US (1) US3197049A (es)
BE (1) BE647477A (es)
CH (1) CH410799A (es)
DE (1) DE1634978A1 (es)
GB (1) GB1053809A (es)
NL (2) NL6404812A (es)

Cited By (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3430790A (en) * 1966-04-16 1969-03-04 Osmano Beltrami Excavator
US3491906A (en) * 1967-09-05 1970-01-27 Bucyrus Erie Co Loader apparatus with crowd capability
US3584751A (en) * 1968-08-02 1971-06-15 Poclain Sa Mechanical earth working machine
US3589539A (en) * 1969-06-27 1971-06-29 Hein Werner Corp Backhoe having an articulated gooseneck boom
US3656640A (en) * 1968-04-18 1972-04-18 Friedrich Schwing Bucket mounting for trench hoe
US3999670A (en) * 1967-03-09 1976-12-28 Hinrich Weyhausen Excavator having a swivel joint between the main arm and the jib
EP0373148A1 (de) * 1988-12-05 1990-06-13 Böhler Ladetechnik Vertriebs- und Entwicklungsgesellschaft m.b.H. Hydraulikbagger
US5553993A (en) * 1995-04-10 1996-09-10 Sylvain Gilbert Mechanism for rotating a tree-felling implement and tree-felling implement therewith
US6691752B2 (en) 2000-09-15 2004-02-17 Timberjack Inc. High rotation felling head mechanism
IT201700006990A1 (it) * 2017-01-24 2018-07-24 Andrea Lombardi Braccio articolato estendibile in altezza e macchina operatrice comprendente tale braccio

Families Citing this family (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CH643620A5 (de) * 1979-11-28 1984-06-15 Ziegler Ag Vorrichtung zur parallelfuehrung des loeffels eines hydraulikbaggers.
DE3140568A1 (de) * 1981-10-13 1983-04-21 Cordes, Hugo, Dipl.-Ing., 2000 Hamburg "einrichtung fuer hydraulikbagger"
DE3211458A1 (de) * 1982-03-27 1983-09-29 Cordes, Hugo, Dipl.-Ing., 2000 Hamburg Universalbagger
DE3360544D1 (en) * 1983-02-25 1985-09-19 Cordes Hugo Operating arm for earth-moving and foundation machines
GB0815503D0 (en) * 2008-08-23 2008-10-01 Fox P J Rapid fit extension arm

Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3080076A (en) * 1959-10-21 1963-03-05 Insley Mfg Corp Loading machine

Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3080076A (en) * 1959-10-21 1963-03-05 Insley Mfg Corp Loading machine

Cited By (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3430790A (en) * 1966-04-16 1969-03-04 Osmano Beltrami Excavator
US3999670A (en) * 1967-03-09 1976-12-28 Hinrich Weyhausen Excavator having a swivel joint between the main arm and the jib
US3491906A (en) * 1967-09-05 1970-01-27 Bucyrus Erie Co Loader apparatus with crowd capability
US3656640A (en) * 1968-04-18 1972-04-18 Friedrich Schwing Bucket mounting for trench hoe
US3584751A (en) * 1968-08-02 1971-06-15 Poclain Sa Mechanical earth working machine
US3589539A (en) * 1969-06-27 1971-06-29 Hein Werner Corp Backhoe having an articulated gooseneck boom
EP0373148A1 (de) * 1988-12-05 1990-06-13 Böhler Ladetechnik Vertriebs- und Entwicklungsgesellschaft m.b.H. Hydraulikbagger
US5553993A (en) * 1995-04-10 1996-09-10 Sylvain Gilbert Mechanism for rotating a tree-felling implement and tree-felling implement therewith
US5590699A (en) * 1995-04-10 1997-01-07 Sylvain Gilbert Mechanism for rotating a tree-felling implement and tree-felling implement therewith
US5595225A (en) * 1995-04-10 1997-01-21 Sylvain Gilbert Mechanism for rotating a tree-felling implement and tree-felling implement therewith
US6691752B2 (en) 2000-09-15 2004-02-17 Timberjack Inc. High rotation felling head mechanism
IT201700006990A1 (it) * 2017-01-24 2018-07-24 Andrea Lombardi Braccio articolato estendibile in altezza e macchina operatrice comprendente tale braccio

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
BE647477A (es) 1964-08-31
CH410799A (de) 1966-03-31
DE1634978A1 (de) 1971-11-25
NL6404812A (es) 1964-11-03
GB1053809A (es)
NL123413C (es)

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