US3194676A - Pressure sensitive transfer element - Google Patents

Pressure sensitive transfer element Download PDF

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Publication number
US3194676A
US3194676A US15745361A US3194676A US 3194676 A US3194676 A US 3194676A US 15745361 A US15745361 A US 15745361A US 3194676 A US3194676 A US 3194676A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
transfer element
parts
incompatible
synthetic
mixture
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
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English (en)
Inventor
Krumbein Edgar
Muschter Sigo
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Columbia Ribbon and Carbon Manufacturing Co Inc
International Business Machines Corp
Original Assignee
Columbia Ribbon and Carbon Manufacturing Co Inc
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from DEW29084A external-priority patent/DE1137047B/de
Application filed by Columbia Ribbon and Carbon Manufacturing Co Inc filed Critical Columbia Ribbon and Carbon Manufacturing Co Inc
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US3194676A publication Critical patent/US3194676A/en
Assigned to INTERNATIONAL BUSINESS MACHINES CORPORATION reassignment INTERNATIONAL BUSINESS MACHINES CORPORATION ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST. Assignors: GREENE, IRA S., TRUSTEE OF COLUMBIA RIBBON AND CARBON MANUFACTURING CO. INC.
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Assigned to GREENE, IRA S. reassignment GREENE, IRA S. COURT APPOINTMENT (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: COLUMBIA RIBBON AND CARBON MANUFACTURING CO INC
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B41—PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
    • B41M—PRINTING, DUPLICATING, MARKING, OR COPYING PROCESSES; COLOUR PRINTING
    • B41M5/00—Duplicating or marking methods; Sheet materials for use therein
    • B41M5/10—Duplicating or marking methods; Sheet materials for use therein by using carbon paper or the like
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10S428/914—Transfer or decalcomania
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/249921—Web or sheet containing structurally defined element or component
    • Y10T428/249994—Composite having a component wherein a constituent is liquid or is contained within preformed walls [e.g., impregnant-filled, previously void containing component, etc.]
    • Y10T428/249995—Constituent is in liquid form
    • Y10T428/249996—Ink in pores
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/31504—Composite [nonstructural laminate]
    • Y10T428/31855—Of addition polymer from unsaturated monomers
    • Y10T428/3188—Next to cellulosic
    • Y10T428/31895—Paper or wood
    • Y10T428/31906—Ester, halide or nitrile of addition polymer

Definitions

  • This invention relatesto ⁇ carbon and duplicating paper having a colour-spendinglayer based on a synthetic plastic binder material, and more particularly to the utilization of a combination of. incompatible or substantially incompatible synthetic plasticvbinder materials forvmaking the coating substance for such carbon and duplicating papers.
  • the carbon paper should rather remain plane, and not curlwhen stored or during use.
  • the carbon paper must be insensitive to possible variations of extraneous climatic conditions such as the iniiuence of the temperature and atmospheric humidity.
  • the presentinvention solves the problem by providing ⁇ a novel ink-releasing coating on the front-side of the carbon paper foundation rather than by treating the back of the carbon paper foundation.v
  • Ink-releasing layers are known which are based upon individual resinous binder materials such as vinyl chloridevinyl acetate-copolymers, or mixtures of resinousbinder materials used in a ratio such they they remain compatible with eachother.
  • the compatibility of resinousmaterials ⁇ withone another is a conventionally recognized property whereby the-resinsk have the ability of producing optically clear solid solutions .after they have been dissolved to gether in a mutual solvent and after the solvent has been evaporated. l the resinous materials are incompatible or are used in such a ratio that their compatibility is exceeded, then at least a portion of the-resin separates from the remainder and forms a blush or smoky appearance and loss of optical clarity in the final solid solution.
  • the present invention relates to the discovery that the tendency of carbon papers to curl or roll may be unexpectedly'overcome by using as the binder material a mixture of synthetic resins which are at least partially incompatible with each other.
  • the microscopic examination of the mixture invisible by an unaided eye as far asfits structure is concerned shows that after the evaporation ofthe solvent the lsynthetic materials within thecolourspending layer have a superiine heterogeneousv alveolar structure.
  • the writing or printing colour matter is stored within said honeycomb-like structure and is delivered'during the writingv procedure in proportioned quantities so that the representation of the lettering is absolutely uniform.
  • the present ink-releasing layers in addition to the heteroi geneity between the hlm-forming material (the synthetic material) and the colour matter proper existing in all known carbon papers based onY synthetic materials, the present ink-releasing layers also' have 'a' Very essential heterogeneity between the incompatible synthetic materials jointly used as film-forming binder materials.
  • carbon papers are provided for use in modern registering processes byincluding therein magnetic pigment as the coloring matter. Itis known by present experience that it was impossible to squeeze the magnetic pigments the average size of the particles of which is about 05p. out of the known microporous layers of synthetic materials. While heavy magnetizable ferric oxides arel sufiiierntly tine as individual particles, when in solvents they tend toward coagulation and thus cannot be maintained suiiciently movable in the communicating micropor'es of the usual layers of synthetic material.
  • Example I It has been found that an emulsion of equal parts ofa 20%A solution of a vinyl chloride-vinyl acetate copolymer and a 20% solution of ⁇ a polystyrene is quite advantageous.
  • Y 0.4 part of preservative are pulverivzed in a three roller mill andintermixed within a stirring apparatus with l Y 36.7 partsrof a 20 percent vinyl chloride-vinyl acetatei weights ofthe utilized nonlmixable synthetic'materials to layer of which is prepared of such incompatible'synthetic the ratio 1:1, the greater theelectric neutrality of thev layer. r'Hence it /followsthat inthe above example,V the optimum has been achieved, 7
  • Example 2 By adding small-parts only, ofy nitrocelluloseor Vcollodion cotton, respectively, to-vinyl copolymers, the writving properties of ⁇ the thus obtained paper will not be impaired. y f' yThe already described -elfect takes place also in this case.
  • Example 3 Only .at most of the entire content of the synthetic material may consist of cellulose ether, to be utilized with vinyl copolymers.
  • Example 4 The butadiene-styrene copolymers -are incompatable With vinyl ester copolymers in any ratio. In this case, too, thealready mentioned effect is quite pronounced.
  • 14.2 parts of castor oil and 0.5 part of preservative are pulverized in a three roller mill and intermixed in a turbulent stirrer with 40.0 parts of a 20 percent vinyl chloride-vinyl acetatecopolymer solution (Vinoflex) and 40.0 parts of a 20 percent solution of a copolymer of butadiene and styrene in methyl ethyl ketone.
  • Vinoflex vinyl chloride-vinyl acetatecopolymer solution
  • Example 5 The colour component-consists of 12 parts magnetic ypigments S 1l (the trade name of the Wegriken a vinyl chloride-vinyl acetate copolymer in methyl-ethyl trade name of Wegriken Bayer, leverkusen).
  • the dehydrated castor oilin connection with a mineral oil can be yreplaced by blown castor oil ⁇ as a vehicle.
  • the ⁇ colour component for a carbon paper based on synthetic materials according to the present invention can also consist of amixture of for example a PV-true blue B (BASF) andthe magnetic pigment S 1l (the In this case, Y3.5 parts of the PV-true blue. (BASF) together with 5 parts of castor oil, 4 parts of dehydratized castor oil and 3 parts ⁇ of mineral oils (crystal oil) are pulverized at three intervals in a three-rollermill first, whereupon the space betweenV the rollers is increased to 0.03 mm. and the aforesaid mixture intimately mixed on the roller with 5 parts of the magnetic pigment S ll.
  • BASF PV-true blue B
  • S 1l the In this case, Y3.5 parts of the PV-true blue.
  • the thus obtained pigment paste in stirred inthe turbulent stirrer together with 40 parts of a solution of the synthetic material according to the invention, namely a 20% solution of a vinyl chloride-vinyl acetate copolymer ('Vinoflex) in methyl ethyl ketone and 39.5 parts of a 20% polystyrene solution in methyl ethyl ketone to a permanent dispersion.
  • a solution of the synthetic material according to the invention namely a 20% solution of a vinyl chloride-vinyl acetate copolymer ('Vinoflex) in methyl ethyl ketone and 39.5 parts of a 20% polystyrene solution in methyl ethyl ketone to a permanent dispersion.
  • a solution of the synthetic material according to the invention namely a 20% solution of a vinyl chloride-vinyl acetate copolymer ('Vinoflex) in methyl ethyl ketone and 39.5 parts of
  • a llexible foundation is coated with this mixture in a manner known per se.
  • the ink-releasing layer 2 consisting of a part 3 of synthetic binder material'and of a part 4v of synthetic binder material is applied to a flexible foundation l which may be either a paper sheet or another foil.
  • the part 3 of synthetic material is a non-coherent component of fine particles between which there remains a free more or less large intermediate space.
  • the intermediate spaces are filled with the part of synthetic material of the other component of synthetic material which forms a closed phase and thus produces the desired layer formation.
  • Both components Vcontain capillary channels or pores 5 Which are filled with the ink composition of the carbon paper. During the working procedure-that is, during writing, the ink composition of the carbon paper isv squeezed out from the channels or pores 5.
  • a pressure-sensitive transfer element comprising a flexible foundation having thereon a microporous inkreleasing layer comprising as the solid binder material a mixture of synthetic plastic materials which are incompatible Yin that they are incapable of forming an optically clear solid solutionafter being dissolved together in a mutual solvent and after the solvent has been evaporated, said binder material having dispersed therein a pressurereleas'able ink comprising oil and coloring matter, the said "mixture of incompatible synthetic plastic materials comprising lat least about 50% by weight of a vinyl resin .together with a sulicient incompatible amount by weight of a synthetic plastic materialV whereby the tendency of the ink-releasing-layer to Vcause the transfer element to curl and roll is substantially completely avoided.
  • a pressure-sensitive transfer element comprising a ilexible foundation having thereon a microporous inkreleasing layer comprising as the solid binder material a mixture of substantially incompatible synthetic plastic materials having dispersed therein a pressure-releasable ink comprising oil and coloring matter, the said mixture of incompatible synthetic plastic materials comprising lat least about 90% by weight of a vinyl resin together with up to about 10% by weight of a cellulose ether plastic whereby the tendency of the ink-releasing layer to cause the transfer element to curl and roll is substantially completely avoided.

Landscapes

  • Duplication Or Marking (AREA)
  • Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)
  • Pigments, Carbon Blacks, Or Wood Stains (AREA)
  • Inks, Pencil-Leads, Or Crayons (AREA)
US15745361 1960-12-14 1961-12-06 Pressure sensitive transfer element Expired - Lifetime US3194676A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DEW29084A DE1137047B (de) 1960-12-14 1960-12-14 Kohlen- und Durchschreibpapier ohne Rollneigung
DEW29659A DE1186084B (de) 1960-12-14 1961-03-16 Kohlen- und Durchschreibpapier

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3194676A true US3194676A (en) 1965-07-13

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ID=26002403

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US15745361 Expired - Lifetime US3194676A (en) 1960-12-14 1961-12-06 Pressure sensitive transfer element

Country Status (5)

Country Link
US (1) US3194676A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
CH (1) CH427490A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
DE (1) DE1186084B (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
GB (1) GB1014683A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
NL (1) NL272473A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3404021A (en) * 1964-07-30 1968-10-01 Columbia Ribbon & Carbon Transfer elements and method of making the same
US3413184A (en) * 1962-02-05 1968-11-26 Ibm Transfer medium and method for making same
US3496015A (en) * 1966-11-09 1970-02-17 Columbia Ribbon Carbon Mfg Pressure-sensitive magnetic transfer elements
US3904802A (en) * 1974-10-31 1975-09-09 Columbia Ribbon Carbon Mfg Transfer elements and methods of preparing same

Citations (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2744031A (en) * 1949-10-15 1956-05-01 Ncr Co Sheet having a transferable coating containing magnetizable material
US2800077A (en) * 1952-03-27 1957-07-23 Dick Co Ab Planographic printing plates and methods for manufacturing same
US2893890A (en) * 1957-10-25 1959-07-07 Kee Lox Mfg Company Copying paper and method of manufacture
US2943952A (en) * 1956-12-14 1960-07-05 Burroughs Corp Method of making duplicating transfer sheet and resultant article
US2944037A (en) * 1956-07-19 1960-07-05 Burroughs Corp Ink-transfer compositions and duplicating media prepared therewith
US2970926A (en) * 1957-11-14 1961-02-07 Underwood Corp Carbon paper
US2984582A (en) * 1959-12-22 1961-05-16 Columbia Ribbon & Carbon Pressure sensitive ink releasing transfer sheet and process of making same
US2989493A (en) * 1956-12-14 1961-06-20 Burroughs Corp Ink-transfer compositions and duplicating media prepared therewith
US3029157A (en) * 1958-11-18 1962-04-10 Audio Devices Inc Magnetizable image transfer medium
US3037879A (en) * 1959-09-24 1962-06-05 Columbia Ribon And Carbon Mfg Re-usable ink-releasing elements and process of making

Patent Citations (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2744031A (en) * 1949-10-15 1956-05-01 Ncr Co Sheet having a transferable coating containing magnetizable material
US2800077A (en) * 1952-03-27 1957-07-23 Dick Co Ab Planographic printing plates and methods for manufacturing same
US2944037A (en) * 1956-07-19 1960-07-05 Burroughs Corp Ink-transfer compositions and duplicating media prepared therewith
US2943952A (en) * 1956-12-14 1960-07-05 Burroughs Corp Method of making duplicating transfer sheet and resultant article
US2989493A (en) * 1956-12-14 1961-06-20 Burroughs Corp Ink-transfer compositions and duplicating media prepared therewith
US2893890A (en) * 1957-10-25 1959-07-07 Kee Lox Mfg Company Copying paper and method of manufacture
US2970926A (en) * 1957-11-14 1961-02-07 Underwood Corp Carbon paper
US3029157A (en) * 1958-11-18 1962-04-10 Audio Devices Inc Magnetizable image transfer medium
US3037879A (en) * 1959-09-24 1962-06-05 Columbia Ribon And Carbon Mfg Re-usable ink-releasing elements and process of making
US2984582A (en) * 1959-12-22 1961-05-16 Columbia Ribbon & Carbon Pressure sensitive ink releasing transfer sheet and process of making same

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3413184A (en) * 1962-02-05 1968-11-26 Ibm Transfer medium and method for making same
US3404021A (en) * 1964-07-30 1968-10-01 Columbia Ribbon & Carbon Transfer elements and method of making the same
US3496015A (en) * 1966-11-09 1970-02-17 Columbia Ribbon Carbon Mfg Pressure-sensitive magnetic transfer elements
US3904802A (en) * 1974-10-31 1975-09-09 Columbia Ribbon Carbon Mfg Transfer elements and methods of preparing same

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
NL272473A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1900-01-01
CH427490A (de) 1966-12-31
GB1014683A (en) 1965-12-31
DE1186084B (de) 1965-01-28

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Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
AS Assignment

Owner name: INTERNATIONAL BUSINESS MACHINES CORPORATION (IBM C

Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST.;ASSIGNOR:GREENE, IRA S., TRUSTEE OF COLUMBIA RIBBON AND CARBON MANUFACTURING CO. INC.;REEL/FRAME:003933/0208

Effective date: 19811102

AS Assignment

Owner name: GREENE, IRA S 275 MADISON AVE.NEW YORK,N.Y.10016

Free format text: COURT APPOINTMENT;ASSIGNOR:COLUMBIA RIBBON AND CARBON MANUFACTURING CO INC;REEL/FRAME:004035/0217

Effective date: 19820629