US3190745A - Method of improving blast furnace performance using raw petroleum coke - Google Patents

Method of improving blast furnace performance using raw petroleum coke Download PDF

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Publication number
US3190745A
US3190745A US224232A US22423262A US3190745A US 3190745 A US3190745 A US 3190745A US 224232 A US224232 A US 224232A US 22423262 A US22423262 A US 22423262A US 3190745 A US3190745 A US 3190745A
Authority
US
United States
Prior art keywords
furnace
petroleum coke
coke
raw petroleum
blast furnace
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US224232A
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Alfred A Triska
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
GREAT LAKES CARBON Corp
Daewoo Engineering and Construction Co Ltd
Original Assignee
Daewoo Engineering and Construction Co Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority to NL297825D priority Critical patent/NL297825A/xx
Priority to NL129094D priority patent/NL129094C/xx
Application filed by Daewoo Engineering and Construction Co Ltd filed Critical Daewoo Engineering and Construction Co Ltd
Priority to US224232A priority patent/US3190745A/en
Priority to GB31866/63A priority patent/GB999351A/en
Priority to DEG38470A priority patent/DE1212567B/de
Priority to FR945573A priority patent/FR1367299A/fr
Priority to LU44327D priority patent/LU44327A1/xx
Priority to JP38045276A priority patent/JPS5010801B1/ja
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US3190745A publication Critical patent/US3190745A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21B—MANUFACTURE OF IRON OR STEEL
    • C21B5/00—Making pig-iron in the blast furnace
    • C21B5/007—Conditions of the cokes or characterised by the cokes used

Definitions

  • blast furnaces may be considered as having five parts: (1) the bottom, (2) the hearth, (3) the bosh, (4) the stack, and (5) the furnace top.
  • Raw materials including the burden are charged through the top of the furnace.
  • the burden or ore to be reduced may consist of raw screened and'blended ores,
  • the coke is consumed or gasified by means of a preheated blast of air which is forced into the furnace under pressure through tuyeres at the top of the hearth.
  • This gasification of carbon supplies the necessary reducing gases and heat to promote the chemical reactions of reduction and also melt the iron and slag formed.
  • the preheated hot blast may range in temperatures from about 1000" to over 1800 F. subject to limitations of heating capacity and refractory linings used.
  • the blast may be modified or enriched with oxygen; steam; and gaseous, liquid, or solid fuels.
  • this hanging is characterized by rapidly increasing blast pressures and lack of movement of the burden in the upper reaches of the stock column. Initially this hanging may be caused by several conditions, either singly or in combination, such as:
  • Fused slag may resolidify
  • Coke and burden fines may plug the void space and cause both arching of the solid material and resistance to flow of the gases;
  • Redeposited carbon from the reaction may fill the voids between particles of ore and thus impervious masses.
  • the quantity of blast has been reduced in order to lower its buoyant effect, with the result that the weight of the material above the scaffolding incrustation is sometimes able to break the incrustation.
  • This is referred to as a bosh slip.
  • the incrustation can be removed'by the use of quartzSi0 addition which acts on the deposits like rocksalt on ice. 'Sometimes extra metallurgical or foundry coke over the amount normally used has been, added and found to be helpful. In extreme cases a number of holes may be drilled at various levels of the furnace to blast or dynamite out the incrustation or bridges, etc.
  • An additional complicating factor in blast furnace operation is that the blast furnace operator must think about 8 to 10 hours ahead of the furnace because any burden or charge change will require that time to travel through the furnace and reach the hearth where its effect will be mainly manifested.
  • raw petroleum coke has low ash content (typically about 0.3% as compared to 7-14% ash, for normal furnace coke), upon burning, it contrib utes very little if any to slag build-up as does normal furnace coke upon burning. Further it permits a limestone burden adjustment which forms a more nearly finished slag in the bosh or primary melting zone.
  • EXAMPLE 1 A blast furnace having a hearth 23 feet in diameter and a working volume of 28,000 cubic feet was sick" or cold for months, had an in-wall temperature fifteen feet above the bosh of 900-l000 F., and was producing only about 150 tons of hot metal per day. Thirty-two tons of raw petroleum coke, having a volatile content of 12.5% and a particle size of 100% 4 inch mesh and approximately 50% inch mesh, was charged through the top of said furnace and added to the normal furnace charge already therein. Within 48 hours the in-wall temperatures 15 feet above the bosh had increased by about 100-400 F. to 1000-1300 F., 1100 F. average. After this 48 hours, thirty-two more tons of the same raw petroleum coke were charged into the furnace in the same manner.
  • the raw petroleum coke employed in this invention is typically of the type produced from a delayed coker system and generally will have a volatile matter content between about 8 and about 15% with about 12 to 14% being typical. It is preferable also that a substantial proportion of the raw petroleum coke employed be not too large nor too fine. Raw petroleum coke particles which are retained on a inch screen and which pass through a inch screen are typical of preferred particle sizes, but this should not be interpreted as precluding the use of minor percentages of raw petroleum coke coarser than 5 inches or finer than inch. The ash content of the raw petroleum coke is preferably no higher than about one percent.
  • the invention although most applicable to blast furnaces, can be applied to any shaft furnace, such as hot blast basic cupolas, in which incrustation or build-up of viscous material along the in-walls is a problem.
  • a method of assisting in restoring a shaft furnace to normal operating temperature after the temperature of said furnace has been reduced below said normal operating'temperature because of scaffolding which comprises adding to the shaft furnace as extra coke, raw petroleum coke, having a volatile matter content between about 8% and about 15% and an ash content less than about 1%, in an amount sufficient to increase said reduced operating temperature toward said normal operating temperature.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Manufacture Of Iron (AREA)
  • Refinement Of Pig-Iron, Manufacture Of Cast Iron, And Steel Manufacture Other Than In Revolving Furnaces (AREA)
  • Vertical, Hearth, Or Arc Furnaces (AREA)
US224232A 1962-09-17 1962-09-17 Method of improving blast furnace performance using raw petroleum coke Expired - Lifetime US3190745A (en)

Priority Applications (8)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
NL297825D NL297825A (oth) 1962-09-17
NL129094D NL129094C (oth) 1962-09-17
US224232A US3190745A (en) 1962-09-17 1962-09-17 Method of improving blast furnace performance using raw petroleum coke
GB31866/63A GB999351A (en) 1962-09-17 1963-08-13 Method of improving blast or cupola furnace performance
DEG38470A DE1212567B (de) 1962-09-17 1963-08-14 Verfahren zur Normalisierung des Ofenganges eines Schachtofens
FR945573A FR1367299A (fr) 1962-09-17 1963-08-23 Procédé pour améliorer le rendement des hauts fourneaux
LU44327D LU44327A1 (oth) 1962-09-17 1963-08-26
JP38045276A JPS5010801B1 (oth) 1962-09-17 1963-08-28

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US224232A US3190745A (en) 1962-09-17 1962-09-17 Method of improving blast furnace performance using raw petroleum coke

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3190745A true US3190745A (en) 1965-06-22

Family

ID=22839798

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US224232A Expired - Lifetime US3190745A (en) 1962-09-17 1962-09-17 Method of improving blast furnace performance using raw petroleum coke

Country Status (3)

Country Link
US (1) US3190745A (oth)
JP (1) JPS5010801B1 (oth)
GB (1) GB999351A (oth)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3770418A (en) * 1968-03-04 1973-11-06 T Wilde Method of melting iron with lumps of carbon coke
US4144053A (en) * 1976-11-03 1979-03-13 Republic Steel Corporation Processes for blast furnace operations

Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2184318A (en) * 1934-11-15 1939-12-26 Ruzicka Stevan Process for simultaneous production of alumina cement and pig iron in blast furnaces
US3058821A (en) * 1960-02-18 1962-10-16 Great Lakes Carbon Corp Manufacture of coke

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2184318A (en) * 1934-11-15 1939-12-26 Ruzicka Stevan Process for simultaneous production of alumina cement and pig iron in blast furnaces
US3058821A (en) * 1960-02-18 1962-10-16 Great Lakes Carbon Corp Manufacture of coke

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3770418A (en) * 1968-03-04 1973-11-06 T Wilde Method of melting iron with lumps of carbon coke
US4144053A (en) * 1976-11-03 1979-03-13 Republic Steel Corporation Processes for blast furnace operations

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
GB999351A (en) 1965-07-21
JPS5010801B1 (oth) 1975-04-24

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