US3190739A - Tube drawing - Google Patents
Tube drawing Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US3190739A US3190739A US152498A US15249861A US3190739A US 3190739 A US3190739 A US 3190739A US 152498 A US152498 A US 152498A US 15249861 A US15249861 A US 15249861A US 3190739 A US3190739 A US 3190739A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- tubing
- die
- bore
- plate
- space
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000006060 molten glass Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 10
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000002826 coolant Substances 0.000 description 2
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012634 fragment Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- JTJMJGYZQZDUJJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N phencyclidine Chemical compound C1CCCCN1C1(C=2C=CC=CC=2)CCCCC1 JTJMJGYZQZDUJJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000000284 resting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03B—MANUFACTURE, SHAPING, OR SUPPLEMENTARY PROCESSES
- C03B17/00—Forming molten glass by flowing-out, pushing-out, extruding or drawing downwardly or laterally from forming slits or by overflowing over lips
- C03B17/04—Forming tubes or rods by drawing from stationary or rotating tools or from forming nozzles
Definitions
- the present invention relates to improvements in methods of and apparatus for the continuous drawing of glass tubing from a molten supply body thereof.
- tubing is generally drawn from such a body either downwardly as illustrated for example in Vello Patent No. 2,009,793, or upwardly, as illustrated for example in Woods Patent No. 2,085,245, and the invention is applicable to either general type of system.
- the tubing is drawn through a die or mold of a cross sectional configuration in accordance with the desired cross sectional configuration of tubing to be drawn and of an internal dimension or dimensions calculated to impart to the drawn tubing the desired outside dimension or dimensions.
- the molten tubing issuing from its source of production in its region of entry into the die is of a smaller outer dimension or D. than the inner dimension or ID. of the die and is passed through an aperture of a plate covering the entrance end of the die closely surrounding such molten tubing.
- a plate covering the entrance end of the die closely surrounding such molten tubing.
- such plate is slightly spaced from the entrance end of the die and provides an annular entrance over. the die end from a vacuum chamber surrounding it. It may be made of graphite, or of a metal preferably treated to prevent danger of the glass sticking thereto.
- a similar vacuum chamber is provided about the exit end of the die and embodies an end plate whose aperture corresponds in size and cross section to that of the die bore. Additionally the outer end of the chamber at the exit end of the die is provided with an iris or with an axially split plate having an aperture of substantially the diameter of conventionally drawn tubing to be initially passed through the die and serves as a temporary seal thereabout. Such iris or plate is later laterally displaced by the expanded tubing as it passes through the die. Facilities are also provided around the die along its length to regulate its temperature.
- the rigid tubing as it issues from the bottom of the die is a few thousandths of an inch smaller than the die bore so that a continuous leakage of air occurs about the tubing surrounded by the' lower region of the die bore.
- a vacuum source may be connected to the vacuum chamber at the exit end of the die.
- An alternative, but less preferred form of the inven. tion utilizes a die surrounded by a vacuum chamber and having spiral slots formed lengthwise of its wall through which air is withdrawn to expand the glass into contact therewith during the initial stage of the passage of the molten tubing therethrough.
- FIG. 1 is a diagrammatic vertical sectional view taken through a drawing apparatus including a die embodying the invention, the section being taken on the axis of the glass tubing that is being drawn.
- FIG. 2 is a view similar to FIG. 1, on an enlarged scale, showing the expanded tubing passing through the die.
- F IG. 3 is a vertical sectional view of an alternative form of die embodying the invention.
- the structure shown includes a fragment of a forehearth 11 containing a supply body 12 of molten glass maintained therein by a suitable glass-melting tank (not shown) with which the forehearth is associated in a conventional fashion.
- the forehearth 11 has the usual glass-feeding bottom outlet 13 provided with an orifice ring 14.
- a suitably suspended tubular mandrel 15, in vertical register with the bore of ring 14, at its lower end carries a bore forming bell 13 at such a level that an annular passage is formed between the ring 14 and bell 18 through which a tubular molten stream of glass 19 is drawn, as by means of drawing rolls such as 20.
- stream 19 is closely surrounded by a plate 21 provided with an aperture which is of a diameter less than the diameter of the bore of die 22 whose entrance end is slightly spaced from the plate 21 to provide an annular passage to a vacuum chamber 23 screw threaded over the entrance end of the die and connected to suitable vacuum source via a conduit 25.
- the exit end of die 22 is similarly provided with a plate 31, conveniently utilized as one wall of a vacuum chamber 33, and having an aperture corresponding to the diameter or cross sectional configuration of the bore of die 22.
- the vacuum chamber 33 is connectable to a vacuum source via a suitable conduit 35.
- a 1 two-piece plate 41 Slidably resting on suitable brackets such as 32 is a 1 two-piece plate 41 that has an aperture of the diameter approximately that of the aperture of plate 21 and is axially split as at 36.
- Plate 41 is utilized as an iris to substantially seal the space between the unexpanded tubing and the passage through plate 31 at the commencement of a drawing operation and until such time that expanded tubing passes through the orifice of such plate. At such time the tubing simply laterally displaces the halves of the plate 41.
- the plate 21 For convenience in placement of the plate 21 about the tubing or for its replacement it may also be similarly axially split.
- conventionally formed molten tubing passing through die 22 is expanded into contact with the wall of the upper region of the die by creating vacuum within chamber 23, preferably aided by creating, at the same time, a vacuum in chamber 33.
- the expanded tubing is rapidly cooled by contact with the die and slightly contracts away from its surface at a viscosity too great for the vacuum to have any subsequent influence upon it.
- Such expanded tubing upon engaging the two halves of plate 41 simply pushes them aside, the plate 31 of the chamber thereafter functioning to maintain a suitable seal about the exit end of the die.
- the die 60 which is interchangeable with die 22, has spiral slots such as 61 through its wall and has a vacuum chamber 62 formed thereabout.
- a tubular stream of molten glass passing through the die is caused to expand in the upper region of the die because of its low viscosity and then as it is chilled by the die shrinks slightly away therefrom and becomes too viscous to be affected by the negative pressure about it as it progresses through the die just as in the structure of FIGS. 1 and 2.
- the invention in no way'hampers utilization of any of the facilities available in previous systems assisting in the regulation of the diameter and/ or wall thickness of tubing being drawn, but adds a very important regulatory feature.
- the tubular dies are assumed to have cylindrical bores, it will be understood that the invention is equally applicable to formation of tubing of a wide variety of cross sectional configurations by simply providing dies of the desired cross sectional bore configurations. Also if desired not only may the tubing be drawn to any desired cross sectional configuration, but it is further possible to give it a different wall thickness in one or more radial areas than in others.
- the method of expanding molten glass tubing, as it is being continuously drawn, to a desired cross sectional size and configuration which includes passing such tubing through the bore of a tubular die whose bore affords a space of a cross section and size substantially corresponding to the transverse configuration and size to which the tubing is to be expanded, supplying atmospheric pressure internally of the tubing being formed while creating negative pressure in said space to expand the tubing into contact with such die and maintaining the die at a temperature at which it chills the tubing contacted by it to cause the same to contract away from such die slightly during its continued passage therethrough.
- a method as in claim 1 which comprises maintaining negative pressure about the tubing in such space by withdrawing air from about the tubing at one end of such space.
- a method as in claim 2 which comprises also withdrawing air from about the tubing from the other end of such space.
- a method as in claim 1 which comprises maintaining negative pressure about the tubing in such space by withdrawing air from about the tubing in such space through passages through the die running lengthwise and in part transversely thereabout.
- a method as in claim 1 which comprises passing the tubing through an aperture immediately above the die of smaller diameter than the diameter of the die bore, whereby uniform expansion of the tubing throughout its perimeter is effected and a uniform wall thickness is attained thereabout.
- a method as in claim 5 which comprises maintaining the axial center of the aperture laterally offset with respect to the axial center of the die bore whereby greater expansion of one side of the tube wall is effected than in its opposite side so that the wall areas on two opposite sides of its bore are of different thicknesses.
- a method as in claim 1 which comprises passing the tubing through an elliptical aperture having a greater major to minor axis than the major and minor axes of an elliptical bore die whereby the expansion of the tubing in two opposite arcuate regions is the same but different from the expansion of two transversely located opposite arcuate regions thereof so that the wall thickness of the tube in two opposite arcuate regions differ from the wall thickness of the remaining two opposite arcuate regions.
Priority Applications (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US152498A US3190739A (en) | 1961-11-15 | 1961-11-15 | Tube drawing |
NL285047A NL127892C (nl) | 1961-11-15 | 1962-11-02 | |
GB42456/62A GB982689A (en) | 1961-11-15 | 1962-11-09 | Tube drawing |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US152498A US3190739A (en) | 1961-11-15 | 1961-11-15 | Tube drawing |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
US3190739A true US3190739A (en) | 1965-06-22 |
Family
ID=22543183
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US152498A Expired - Lifetime US3190739A (en) | 1961-11-15 | 1961-11-15 | Tube drawing |
Country Status (3)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US3190739A (nl) |
GB (1) | GB982689A (nl) |
NL (1) | NL127892C (nl) |
Cited By (15)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3274313A (en) * | 1964-07-23 | 1966-09-20 | Union Carbide Corp | Method of making a hollow elongated plastic article |
US3302241A (en) * | 1962-04-18 | 1967-02-07 | Dow Chemical Co | Apparatus for preparation of plastic tubes |
US3370112A (en) * | 1963-09-26 | 1968-02-20 | Raychem Corp | Process and apparatus for producing plastic memory articles |
US3478390A (en) * | 1965-10-22 | 1969-11-18 | Federal Cartridge Corp | Supporting die |
US3853522A (en) * | 1972-06-15 | 1974-12-10 | Jenaer Glaswerk Schott & Gen | Method and apparatus of calibrating drawn glass tubes |
US4312659A (en) * | 1979-08-21 | 1982-01-26 | Owens-Illinois, Inc. | Air support system for glass tubing alley |
US4941904A (en) * | 1989-06-19 | 1990-07-17 | Ppg Industries, Inc. | Method and apparatus for forming hollow fibers |
JPH02296740A (ja) * | 1989-04-27 | 1990-12-07 | Heraeus Quarzglas Gmbh | ガラス材料から管を製作する方法 |
EP0738689A1 (en) * | 1995-04-19 | 1996-10-23 | Corning Incorporated | Device and method for shaping rods, especially of a glassy material |
FR2733225A1 (fr) * | 1995-04-19 | 1996-10-25 | Corning Inc | Dispositif de formage de barre, notamment en un materiau vitreux |
CN102107527A (zh) * | 2010-12-10 | 2011-06-29 | 东莞三联热缩材料有限公司 | 一种可调节扩张模具 |
US20120042692A1 (en) * | 2010-02-25 | 2012-02-23 | Fredholm Allan M | Method for stabilizing a column of molten material |
US20130186143A1 (en) * | 2011-07-22 | 2013-07-25 | Michael Ziegler | Method and apparatus for manufacturing glass tubes having a predetermined inner profile, preferably for continuously manufacturing such glass tubes |
EP3392215A1 (de) | 2017-04-21 | 2018-10-24 | Schott Ag | Vorrichtung und verfahren zur kühlung eines mittels rohrziehen gefertigten glasstrangs |
US11414336B2 (en) * | 2018-11-30 | 2022-08-16 | Corning Incorporated | Apparatuses and methods for heating and cooling glass tubing |
Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2150017A (en) * | 1936-01-10 | 1939-03-07 | Randolph H Barnard | Method of and apparatus for forming glass tubes, rods, and the like |
US2519375A (en) * | 1946-02-16 | 1950-08-22 | Union Carbide & Carbon Corp | Method and apparatus for molding tubing |
US2780835A (en) * | 1954-03-02 | 1957-02-12 | Orville B Sherman | Apparatus for extruding plastic tubes |
US2790994A (en) * | 1951-01-23 | 1957-05-07 | Saint Gobain | Formation of hollow articles |
-
1961
- 1961-11-15 US US152498A patent/US3190739A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
1962
- 1962-11-02 NL NL285047A patent/NL127892C/nl active
- 1962-11-09 GB GB42456/62A patent/GB982689A/en not_active Expired
Patent Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2150017A (en) * | 1936-01-10 | 1939-03-07 | Randolph H Barnard | Method of and apparatus for forming glass tubes, rods, and the like |
US2519375A (en) * | 1946-02-16 | 1950-08-22 | Union Carbide & Carbon Corp | Method and apparatus for molding tubing |
US2790994A (en) * | 1951-01-23 | 1957-05-07 | Saint Gobain | Formation of hollow articles |
US2780835A (en) * | 1954-03-02 | 1957-02-12 | Orville B Sherman | Apparatus for extruding plastic tubes |
Cited By (21)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3302241A (en) * | 1962-04-18 | 1967-02-07 | Dow Chemical Co | Apparatus for preparation of plastic tubes |
US3370112A (en) * | 1963-09-26 | 1968-02-20 | Raychem Corp | Process and apparatus for producing plastic memory articles |
US3274313A (en) * | 1964-07-23 | 1966-09-20 | Union Carbide Corp | Method of making a hollow elongated plastic article |
US3478390A (en) * | 1965-10-22 | 1969-11-18 | Federal Cartridge Corp | Supporting die |
US3853522A (en) * | 1972-06-15 | 1974-12-10 | Jenaer Glaswerk Schott & Gen | Method and apparatus of calibrating drawn glass tubes |
US4312659A (en) * | 1979-08-21 | 1982-01-26 | Owens-Illinois, Inc. | Air support system for glass tubing alley |
JPH02296740A (ja) * | 1989-04-27 | 1990-12-07 | Heraeus Quarzglas Gmbh | ガラス材料から管を製作する方法 |
US5026413A (en) * | 1989-04-27 | 1991-06-25 | Heraeus Quarzglas Gmbh | Process for manufacturing quartz glass pipes having a high content of silica with only minor diameter deviations |
US4941904A (en) * | 1989-06-19 | 1990-07-17 | Ppg Industries, Inc. | Method and apparatus for forming hollow fibers |
FR2733225A1 (fr) * | 1995-04-19 | 1996-10-25 | Corning Inc | Dispositif de formage de barre, notamment en un materiau vitreux |
EP0738689A1 (en) * | 1995-04-19 | 1996-10-23 | Corning Incorporated | Device and method for shaping rods, especially of a glassy material |
US5683482A (en) * | 1995-04-19 | 1997-11-04 | Corning Incorporated | Device and method for shaping rods, especially of glassy material |
US20120042692A1 (en) * | 2010-02-25 | 2012-02-23 | Fredholm Allan M | Method for stabilizing a column of molten material |
US8464554B2 (en) * | 2010-02-25 | 2013-06-18 | Corning Incorporated | Method for stabilizing a column of molten material |
CN102107527A (zh) * | 2010-12-10 | 2011-06-29 | 东莞三联热缩材料有限公司 | 一种可调节扩张模具 |
US20130186143A1 (en) * | 2011-07-22 | 2013-07-25 | Michael Ziegler | Method and apparatus for manufacturing glass tubes having a predetermined inner profile, preferably for continuously manufacturing such glass tubes |
US8726694B2 (en) * | 2011-07-22 | 2014-05-20 | Schott Ag | Method and apparatus for manufacturing glass tubes having a predetermined inner profile, preferably for continuously manufacturing such glass tubes |
EP3392215A1 (de) | 2017-04-21 | 2018-10-24 | Schott Ag | Vorrichtung und verfahren zur kühlung eines mittels rohrziehen gefertigten glasstrangs |
DE102017108549A1 (de) | 2017-04-21 | 2018-10-25 | Schott Ag | Vorrichtung und Verfahren zur Kühlung eines mittels Rohrziehen gefertigten Glasstrangs |
US10875805B2 (en) | 2017-04-21 | 2020-12-29 | Schott Ag | Apparatus and method for cooling a glass strand produced by means of tube drawing |
US11414336B2 (en) * | 2018-11-30 | 2022-08-16 | Corning Incorporated | Apparatuses and methods for heating and cooling glass tubing |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
GB982689A (en) | 1965-02-10 |
NL127892C (nl) | 1970-01-15 |
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