US317739A

US317739A - James madison ceoss

Info

Publication number: US317739A
Authority: US
Publication date: 1885-05-12
Anticipated expiration: 1902-05-12

Description

(No Model.)

J. M. CROSS.

- BARTH AUGBR.

Patented May 12, 1885..

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N. PETERS. PhomLnnogmphar, wnshngmn. D, c.

NITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

JAMES MADISON CROSS, OF MARIETTA, OHIO, ASSIGNOR OF ONE-FOURTII TO WILSON E. CONNER, OF SAME PLACE.

EARTH-AUGER.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 317,739, dated May 12, 1885.

Application filed November 28, i884. (No model.)

To all whom it may concern.:

Be it known that I, JAMES M. Gaoss, of Marietta, in the county of Washington and State of Ohio,have invented acer-tain new and useful Improvement in Earth-Angers; and I do hereby declare the following to be a fuli, clear, and exact description of the invention, such as will enable others skilled in the art to which it pertains to make and use it, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, which form part of this specification.

My invention relates to an improvement in earth-borers; and it consists, first, in the combination, with the cylinder having a cuttingedge upon its bottom, of a hinged valve placed upon the bottom., and which has its .hinge or pivot placed at an angle to a radial line from the center of the bottom of the cylinder, so that the valve will close readily and quickly; second, in the combination of the cylinder, the valve placed upon its bottom, and a sliding locking device for the purpose of causing the valve to shut before beginning to raise the cylinder.

Figure 1 represents a vertical section taken through an earth-auger embodying my invention. Fig. 2 is a plan view of the bottom ofthe auger, showing the angle at which the valve is fastened in position. Fig. 3 is a detail.

A represents the cylinder of the auger or borer, which is provided with the cutting edge or point B upon its lower end in the usual manner. This cutting-edge forms a part of the casting C, which forms the bottom of the auger, and which casting has the flange D formed around its outer edge. This flange catches over the lower edge of the cylinder, and being of greater diameter than the cylinder, the side of the cylinder is prevented from coming in contact with the sides of the hole that is being bored. The hole bored must necessarily be as large as the diameter of the casting C, and this diameter being greater than that of the cylinder only the iiange I) will touchV the side of the hole as the auger is being raised and lowered. By means of this construction a great deal of unnecessary fric-V tion is prevented and an unnecessary waste of power in forcing the auger down into position and withdrawing it.

Secured to the upper opposite sides of the cylinder are the two braces E, which are inclined toward each other for a suitable distance, and which then have their ends turned upward, so as to be parallel. The lower end ofthe boring rod or shaft F is pivoted between these ends upon the, bolt H, as shown. A slide G is dropped down over the ends of the braces and the boring rod or shaft. The shaft is thus locked 4in a line with the braces, and the cylinder is then locked rigidly in position. 1When the slide Gr is forced upward above the ends of the braces, the cylinder can be turned upward at an angle to the boring rod or shaft for the purpose of emptying the contents ofthe cylinder freely out. There the cylinder is not pivoted to the drill-shaft its contents can only be emptied out with considerable trouble and with a loss of time; but

t where the cylinder is pivoted to the drill-rod or shaft, after the cylinder has been raised above the level ofthe ground, the cylinder can y be emptied with the greatest ease.

Passing through the'center of the cylinder is the airtube J, which hasits lower end shaped so as to bore and cut into the earth. The upper end of this air-tube is secured to one of the braces in any suitable manner, while its lower end is simply centered in place by being passed through an opening in the casting U. This tube serves to allow the air to pass freely back and forth while the cylinder is being raised and lowered, and thus prevents the air from being compressed in the hole when the cylinder is'being lowered, or a suction from being exerted upon the bottom of the cylinder when the cylinder is being raised.

In the bottom of the cylinder is placed the valve Il, which has the iiange N formed upon its outer side, for the purpose of closing the opening which is made in the bottom of the cylinder ,and the casting C. This valve laps a portion ofthe central shaft, and, instead of having its pivot or hinge on a radial line with the center of the bottom ot' the cylinder, here has its hinge or pivot set at an angle to a radial line, so that the valve can drop more readily and quickly than it will do where the hinge or pivot is placed upon a radial line. By this arrangement of the valve it is placed farther from the edge of the bottom C, and a IOO wider and larger Valve can be used. Owing to the shape of the valve, a greater pressure of the earth is brought to bear upon it than if it was made of the ordinary triangular shape, and hence it closes quickly.' In order to close this valve before beginning to raise the cylinder out of the hole which it has dug, a pushj rod or locking-slide, O, is placed inside of the cylinder, as shown. rlhis slide will be operated by means of a rod or other connection, which will extend up to the surface of the ground; or the slide may be simply used to regulate the distance which the valve shall open upward. Where the valve is allowed to be opened freely upward, as the cylinder becomes filled, the valve can only close when the cylinder is being raised by allowin ga considerable portion ofthe earth or sand in the bottom of the cylinder to escape.

proportion of the load which has been covered runs out before the valve can close. When it is discovered that quicksand has been reached, the slide will be pushed downward, so as to allow the valve just enough room to allow the Where the contents ot' the y cylinder consists ot' quicksand, a very large sand to pass freely in and to cause the valve 3 to quickly close as soon as the cylinder begins to rise.

1. The combination of the cylinder A, the

braces E, and rod F with the tube J, which has its lower end formed into a'cutt-ing-tool, and which has its upper end centered in position by means of an arm which is fastened to one ofthe braces, substantially as shown.

2. The combination of the earth-auger, a Valve pivoted in its bottom, and a sliding and adjustably locking rod, which is placed inside of the auger and used to close the valve or limit the amount ot'its upward movement, substantially as shown.

3. The combination ot an earth-auger having an opening in its bottom of the shape shown with the valve Il, which laps a portion of the central shaft, which is hinged to one edge of this opening, so that its hinge stands at an angle to a radial line extending from its center, substantially as described.

In testimony whereof I atx my signature in presence ci' two witnesses.

JAMES MADISON GROSS.

VitneSSeS WILSON E. GONNER, CHAs. H. NEWTON.