US3177071A - Process for the manufacture of ironsilicon magnesium prealloys - Google Patents

Process for the manufacture of ironsilicon magnesium prealloys Download PDF

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Publication number
US3177071A
US3177071A US224717A US22471762A US3177071A US 3177071 A US3177071 A US 3177071A US 224717 A US224717 A US 224717A US 22471762 A US22471762 A US 22471762A US 3177071 A US3177071 A US 3177071A
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magnesium
temperature
melt
silicon
alloy
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US224717A
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English (en)
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Ebert Hans
Frank Klaus
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Knapsack AG
Knapsack Griesheim AG
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Knapsack AG
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
    • C21C1/00—Refining of pig-iron; Cast iron
    • C21C1/10—Making spheroidal graphite cast-iron
    • C21C1/105—Nodularising additive agents
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C33/00—Making ferrous alloys
    • C22C33/08—Making cast-iron alloys
    • C22C33/10—Making cast-iron alloys including procedures for adding magnesium

Definitions

  • the present invention is concerned with a process for the manufacture of iron-silicon-magnesium prealloys.
  • the graphite portion of the carbon content separates in lamellar form between the basic structure, whereby the solidity of the cast structure is impaired. If the graphite can be caused to separate in globular or spherical form, the pattern of the stress lines within the basic structure is no longer affected by the graphite separated. Cast iron in which the graphite is caused to so separate therefore possesses improved strength properties. Theoretically, the agglomeration of the graphite in globular or spherical form is the result of:
  • magnesium can be reacted with silicon melts at temperatures up to 1500 C. with the proviso that the Si-cont'ents are at least so high that all the other accompanying elements, including the magnesium to be added, form silicides. Still further, it has been proposed to prepare prealloys by melting magnesium (12%) with the same proportion of copper and nickel while adding ferrosilicon in lump form. In this latter process, the alloy components are used cold and melted together.
  • DAS 1,022,014 Proposals have also been made (DAS 1,022,014) to cover solid or liquid magnesium or its alloys by pouring silicon or silicon alloy melts thereover. It has been found that this is an especially disadvantageous proposal because a liquid silicon alloy, for example ferrosilicon or calcium silicon, has a temperature at least 600 C. higher than magnesium at its melting point. Such sudden strong superheating of magnesium is more than dangerous.
  • the present invention is based on the unexpected observation that all the aforesaid disadvantages can be avoided by first preparing a magnesium melt in a suitable crucible, advantageously a carbon crucible. Melting can be effected in an indirectly heated furnace. It is, however, advantageous to use a graphite rod furnace or a mainsfrequency induction crucible furnace.
  • the magnesium liquefied in the crucible (melt bath) which has a temperature of more than 650 C., is covered with flowers of sulfur or another protecting slag customarily used for the manufacture of magnesium, for example a salt melt layer:
  • the melt bath is slowly admixed with solid ferrosilicon containing at least by weight Si, and the temperature in the crucible is gradually increased.
  • the silicon in the form of solid ferrosilicon
  • the temperature As shownin the accompanying diagram, the temperature, starting from the magnesium melting point (about 650 C.) must always be situated shortly above (up to about 50 C.) the liquidus line with an in creasing Si-addition along the curve line EDC (cf. R. Vogel, Zeitschrift fiir anorganische Chemie, vol. 61, 1909, page 50).
  • EDC cf. R. Vogel, Zeitschrift fiir anorganische Chemie, vol. 61, 1909, page 50.
  • the liquidus curve is about 30 C. lower, i.e., point C at 1070 C.
  • The'liquid alloy of 1150" C. could also be alloyed with 7 liquid ferrosilicon since there issubstantially not temperature difference but solid ferrosilicon is preferred.
  • the vMg-nielt is first. admixed with solid ferrosilicon containing 75% by weight Si; alternatively, due to the favorable Ca-Mg linkage in Ca Mg the 75% FeSi is replaced and the Mg-melt first admixed with a solid Ca-Si alloy which, owing'to the aforesaid Ca-Mg linkage,
  • any desired alloy composition canbe prepared consisting of,
  • the process of this invention otfers the'advantage that it can be carried out at substantially lower temperatures, i.e., at a maximn-m'temperature of 1200 C.
  • solid rather than molten ferrosilicon is added to a magnesium melt while the temperature thereof is increased concurrently with such addition.
  • Such procedure which above all is harmless and actually involves but small losses of magnesium, is quite different'from the addition of magnesium to a ferrosilicon melt having atemperature of 1300 C. or coveringsolid or liquid magnesium by pouring a silicon alloy thereover, which has a temperature at least 600 C.
  • the ferrosilicon being added at a tem. perature up to about 50 C. above the liquidus curve of the Si-Mg diagram.
  • EXAMPLE 2 i Preparation of an iron-silicon-magnesium alloy-containing about 10% magnesium 130 kg. magnesium were melted in a carbon crucible covered with flowers of sulfur. The temperature was slowly raised to 1100 C. while, adding 250 kg. FeSi (75% Si). During the ferrosilicon addition care was takenthat the bath remained liquid.-The' ferrosilicon addition and the temperature increase .Were so balanced against one another that the alloy could not solidify and that undesired vaporization of magnesium could not appear. The melt bath, which preferably consisted of Mg Si'and FeSi. with an excess of free Si, was admixed with 720 kg. FeSi (45% Si); Good castability was pro- ,duced by increasing the temperature of themelt bath higher than the temperature of magnesium at its melting point.
  • the prealloys prepared by the process of this invention can be alloyed in the usual manner with cast iron to ensure the separation of graphite in globular or spherical form.
  • the present invention relates more .particularly to a process for making iron-silicon-magnesium prealloys which may also contain further constituents, such as Ca,
  • Prealloys containing a relatively great proportion of calcium can be obtained by adding solid calcium-silicon in additionto solid ferrosilicon to'the magnesium melt while the temperature thereof is gradually increased.
  • the alloy On super-heating to 1150 :C. to aboutv 1200 C. the alloy may be further alloyed with further ferrosilicon containingless than 70% by weight silicon, preferably 40 to 48%. byweight silicon.
  • the silicon which is used in the form of ferrosilicon or calcium silicon. is added to the magnesium melt having a temperature of about 650 C. and the temperature of the melt is gradually increased. to about 1070- to 1100 C. in harmony with the known liquidus curves of the v siliconfto the melt while gradually increasing the tem temperature was slowly raised to about 1100 C. while adding 360 kg. FeSi (75 Si). The vferrosilicon addition and temperature increase were so balanced against one anothenthat the melt bath justremained liquid.
  • the resulting liquid alloy had a composition which 'approximately correspondedto that of the compounds FeSi and a V r Copper, nickel and iron, respectively, or another silicideforming elementdesiredin the alloy, may be added while taking care that the silicon content of the liquid alloy remains constant at 46%-'Si,.so that'all metals present are bound as silicides.
  • a process for the manufacture of iron-silicon-magnesium prealloys which comprises preparing a liquid magnesiummelt having a temperature of about 650 C., protecting the melt against air oxidation, and slowly addingsolid ferrosilicon containing at least by weight perature thereof to about 1070? to.110 C. with'the resultant formation of an alloy composedof Mg Si and FeSi.
  • ferrosilicon contains 40 to 48% by weight silicon.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Refinement Of Pig-Iron, Manufacture Of Cast Iron, And Steel Manufacture Other Than In Revolving Furnaces (AREA)
  • Silicon Compounds (AREA)
US224717A 1961-09-25 1962-09-19 Process for the manufacture of ironsilicon magnesium prealloys Expired - Lifetime US3177071A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DEK44783A DE1190198B (de) 1961-09-25 1961-09-25 Verfahren zur Herstellung von Silizium-Magnesium-Eisen-Vorlegierungen

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US3177071A true US3177071A (en) 1965-04-06

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DE (1) DE1190198B (de)
GB (1) GB967922A (de)

Cited By (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3367771A (en) * 1965-02-23 1968-02-06 Dow Chemical Co Process for preparation of magnesium ferrosilicon alloys
US3375104A (en) * 1965-05-27 1968-03-26 Union Carbide Corp Method of producing magnesium ferrosilicon
US3765876A (en) * 1972-11-01 1973-10-16 W Moore Method of making nodular iron castings
US4147533A (en) * 1977-07-11 1979-04-03 Flinn Richard A Process for the production of ferro-magnesium and the like
WO1980001924A1 (en) * 1979-03-09 1980-09-18 P Trojan Process and apparatus for the production of metallic compositions
EP0016671A1 (de) * 1979-03-09 1980-10-01 Union Carbide Corporation Verfahren zum Einbringen eines reaktiven Metalles in eine Metallschmelze
US4414027A (en) * 1978-04-06 1983-11-08 Companie Universelle D'acetylene Et D'electrometallurgie Method for obtaining iron-based alloys allowing in particular their mechanical properties to be improved by the use of lanthanum, and iron-based alloys obtained by the said method
US5087290A (en) * 1989-07-25 1992-02-11 Skw Trostberg Aktiengesellschaft Agent for the treatment of cast iron melts, process for the production thereof and the use thereof for treating cast iron melts

Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2762705A (en) * 1953-01-23 1956-09-11 Int Nickel Co Addition agent and process for producing magnesium-containing cast iron

Family Cites Families (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE901960C (de) * 1951-03-08 1954-01-18 Vanadium Corp Of America Magnesiumlegierungen und Verfahren zu ihrer Herstellung
GB721738A (en) * 1952-12-24 1955-01-12 Metallhutte Mark Ag Improvements in or relating to alloys for addition to cast iron
FR1251093A (fr) * 1960-03-14 1961-01-13 Metallgesellschaft Ag Procédé de fabrication d'alliages au silicium

Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2762705A (en) * 1953-01-23 1956-09-11 Int Nickel Co Addition agent and process for producing magnesium-containing cast iron

Cited By (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3367771A (en) * 1965-02-23 1968-02-06 Dow Chemical Co Process for preparation of magnesium ferrosilicon alloys
US3375104A (en) * 1965-05-27 1968-03-26 Union Carbide Corp Method of producing magnesium ferrosilicon
US3765876A (en) * 1972-11-01 1973-10-16 W Moore Method of making nodular iron castings
US4147533A (en) * 1977-07-11 1979-04-03 Flinn Richard A Process for the production of ferro-magnesium and the like
US4414027A (en) * 1978-04-06 1983-11-08 Companie Universelle D'acetylene Et D'electrometallurgie Method for obtaining iron-based alloys allowing in particular their mechanical properties to be improved by the use of lanthanum, and iron-based alloys obtained by the said method
WO1980001924A1 (en) * 1979-03-09 1980-09-18 P Trojan Process and apparatus for the production of metallic compositions
EP0016671A1 (de) * 1979-03-09 1980-10-01 Union Carbide Corporation Verfahren zum Einbringen eines reaktiven Metalles in eine Metallschmelze
US5087290A (en) * 1989-07-25 1992-02-11 Skw Trostberg Aktiengesellschaft Agent for the treatment of cast iron melts, process for the production thereof and the use thereof for treating cast iron melts
AU628197B2 (en) * 1989-07-25 1992-09-10 Skw Trostberg Aktiengesellschaft Agent for the treatment of cast iron melts, process for the production thereof and the use thereof for treating cast iron melts

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Publication number Publication date
GB967922A (en) 1964-08-26
DE1190198B (de) 1965-04-01

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