US3172560A - Large capacity tank for storing and transporting low temperature liquids - Google Patents

Large capacity tank for storing and transporting low temperature liquids Download PDF

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Publication number
US3172560A
US3172560A US143342A US14334261A US3172560A US 3172560 A US3172560 A US 3172560A US 143342 A US143342 A US 143342A US 14334261 A US14334261 A US 14334261A US 3172560 A US3172560 A US 3172560A
Authority
US
United States
Prior art keywords
sections
tank
vertical side
side walls
storing
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US143342A
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Heinrich W Bergmann
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Conch International Methane Ltd
Original Assignee
Conch International Methane Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority to NL238255D priority Critical patent/NL238255A/xx
Priority to US634547A priority patent/US2982441A/en
Priority claimed from GB1093759A external-priority patent/GB850204A/en
Priority to FR794498A priority patent/FR1223972A/fr
Application filed by Conch International Methane Ltd filed Critical Conch International Methane Ltd
Priority to US143342A priority patent/US3172560A/en
Priority to GB30889/62A priority patent/GB944748A/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US3172560A publication Critical patent/US3172560A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
    • B65D88/00—Large containers
    • B65D88/02—Large containers rigid
    • B65D88/12—Large containers rigid specially adapted for transport
    • B65D88/128—Large containers rigid specially adapted for transport tank containers, i.e. containers provided with supporting devices for handling
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C3/00—Vessels not under pressure
    • F17C3/02—Vessels not under pressure with provision for thermal insulation
    • F17C3/025—Bulk storage in barges or on ships
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2201/00—Vessel construction, in particular geometry, arrangement or size
    • F17C2201/01—Shape
    • F17C2201/0147—Shape complex
    • F17C2201/0157—Polygonal
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2201/00—Vessel construction, in particular geometry, arrangement or size
    • F17C2201/05—Size
    • F17C2201/052—Size large (>1000 m3)
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2203/00—Vessel construction, in particular walls or details thereof
    • F17C2203/01—Reinforcing or suspension means
    • F17C2203/011—Reinforcing means
    • F17C2203/013—Reinforcing means in the vessel, e.g. columns
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2221/00—Handled fluid, in particular type of fluid
    • F17C2221/01—Pure fluids
    • F17C2221/014—Nitrogen
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2221/00—Handled fluid, in particular type of fluid
    • F17C2221/03—Mixtures
    • F17C2221/032—Hydrocarbons
    • F17C2221/033—Methane, e.g. natural gas, CNG, LNG, GNL, GNC, PLNG
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2223/00—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel
    • F17C2223/01—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel characterised by the phase
    • F17C2223/0146—Two-phase
    • F17C2223/0153—Liquefied gas, e.g. LPG, GPL
    • F17C2223/0161—Liquefied gas, e.g. LPG, GPL cryogenic, e.g. LNG, GNL, PLNG
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2223/00—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel
    • F17C2223/03—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel characterised by the pressure level
    • F17C2223/033—Small pressure, e.g. for liquefied gas
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2260/00—Purposes of gas storage and gas handling
    • F17C2260/01—Improving mechanical properties or manufacturing
    • F17C2260/011—Improving strength
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2270/00—Applications
    • F17C2270/01—Applications for fluid transport or storage
    • F17C2270/0102—Applications for fluid transport or storage on or in the water
    • F17C2270/0105—Ships

Definitions

  • This invention relates to a large capacity tank for storing and transporting a liquid which needs to be maintained at a temperature differing widely from the ambient temperature, in particular for storing and transporting liquefied gases, such as liquefied methane, liquefied natural gas or liquefied nitrogen, at about atmospheric pressure and at low temperature.
  • liquefied gases such as liquefied methane, liquefied natural gas or liquefied nitrogen
  • a tank has already been proposed (see US. patent specification No. 2,982,441), which is of quadrilateral shape in horizontal cross section and which has a top wall, a bottom wall and vertical side walls, a plurality of horizontally disposed vertically spaced apart reinforcing beams secured to the inner face of each of the vertical side walls and extending continuously about said faces, a plurality of horizontally disposed cross tie members extending between the reinforcing beams of adjacent vertical side walls in spaced relationship with the lines of intersection of said adjacent vertical side walls, the cross tie members being joined at their ends to the reinforcing beams at such points that each of the beams is divided into a number of sections.
  • the construction according to the invention differs from the known construction in that the sections adjacent to each line of intersection have the greatest length and that the lengths of the other sections diminish towards the middle part of each vertical side wall of the tank.
  • FIG. 1 shows a horizontal cross section of the tank according to the invention
  • FIG. 2 shows a vertical cross section of the tank according to FIG. 1;
  • FIG. 3 shows schematically the deformations that may occur in a tank under symmetric loading.
  • the tank which is preferably prismatic consists of the vertical side walls 1 and the top and bottom walls 7 and 6.
  • a plurality of horizontally disposed vertically spaced apart reinforcing beams 2 extend continuously about the inner surface of the vertical side walls 1.
  • a plurality of horizontally disposed cross tie members 3 are present between the reinforcing beams 2 of adjacent vertical side walls 1 in spaced relationship with the lines of intersection of said adjacent vertical side walls 1.
  • the cross tie members 3 are joined at their ends to the reinforcing beams 2 at such points that each of the beams 2 is divided into a number of sections a, b, c. Between the lengths of said sections there should be a special relationship as will be explained later.
  • the tank is normally provided with a vent-stack 5 and the top and bottom walls 7 and 6 are normally also provided with suitable reinforcing means (not shown in the drawings).
  • the cross tie members 3 When the tank is placed horizontally and it is in loaded condition the pressure load is symmetrical about the center bulkhead. In that case the cross tie members 3 are primarily stressed in tension so that the displacements of the points where the cross tie members 3 are connected to the reinforcing beams 2 are small. Each reinforcing beam 2 with a proportionate amount of wall plate can then be conceived as a continuous beam on almost rigid supports. For maximum efficiency under 3,1725% Patented Mar. 9, 1965 this loading condition alone the cross tie members 3 should be connected to the reinforcing beams 2 at equidistant intervals. In other words, in that case the lengths of the sections a, b, 0, should be the same.
  • the resulting deflections of the reinforcing beams 2 stem primarily from elongations of axially loaded members and are small even in the case of high pressure loads.
  • the stresses in the sections a, b, c are proportional to the square of their lengths, and as the lengths of a, b and c are the same, the stress distribution is essentially the same in each section.
  • the pattern of deflection of the tank walls under a symmetric pressure load is shown by the dotted lines in FIG. 3.
  • an anti-symmetrical loading condition is superimposed on the symmetrical loads. This is, for example, the case when the tank is located on a ship and when the ship is rolling. Under the anti-symmetrical loading condition alone, the elongations of the cross tie members 3 is negligible as compared to the deformations caused by bending of the reinforcing beams 2.
  • the tank walls bow appreciably already under small anti-symmetrical loads, producing high stresses in the center sections, b, c, b.
  • the sections, a, b and c are so dimensioned that the length of section a is larger than the length of section b and the length of section b is larger than the length of section 0.
  • the sections adjacent to each line of intersection of adjacent vertical side walls have the greatest length and the length of the other sections diminishes towards the middle part of each vertical side wall.
  • a large tank for storing or transporting a liquid which needs to be maintained at a temperature differing widely from the ambient temperature which tank is of quadrilateral shape in horizontal cross section and has a top wall, a bottom wall and vertical side walls, a plurality of horizontally disposed vertically spaced apart reinforcing beams secured to the inner face of each of the vertical side walls and extending continuously about said faces, a plurality of horizontally disposed cross tie members ex tending between the reinforcing beams of adjacent vertical side walls in spaced relationship with the line of intersection of said adjacent vertical side walls, the cross tie members being joined at their ends to the reinforcing beams at such points that each of the beams is divided into a number of sections, the sections adjacent to each line of intersection having the greatest length and the length of the other sections diminishing towards the middle part of each vertical side wall of the tank.
  • each reinforcing beam is divided in the above mentioned way into five sections, the ratio of the lengths of the sections being 9, 8, 7, 8, 9.
  • a ship provided with a heat insulated hold in which a tank according to claim 1 is located.
  • a tank for storing or transporting a liquid which needs to be maintained at a temperature differing Widely from the ambient temperatureflvhich tank is of quadrilateral shape in horizontal cross section and has a top wall, a bottom wall and vertical side walls, said tank being one of the tanks formed by dividing a larger tank into a number of smaller tanks by means of at least one dividing wall, a plurality of horizontally disposed vertically spaced apart reinforcing beams being secured to the inner face of each of the vertical side walls and extending continuously about said faces, a plurality of horizontally disposed cross tie members extending between the reinforcing beams of adjacent vertical side walls in spaced relationship with the lines of intersection of said adjacent vertical side walls, the cross tiemeinbers being joined at their ends to the reinforcing beams at such points that each of the beams is divided into a number of sections, the sections adjacent to each line of intersection having the greatest length and the length of the other sections diminishing towards the middle part of each vertical side wall of the tank.
  • each reinforcing beam is divided in the above mentioned way into five sections, the ratio of the lengths of the sections being 9, 8, 7, 8, 9.
  • a ship provided with a heat insulated hold in which a tank according to claim 4 is located.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Filling Or Discharging Of Gas Storage Vessels (AREA)
US143342A 1957-01-16 1961-10-06 Large capacity tank for storing and transporting low temperature liquids Expired - Lifetime US3172560A (en)

Priority Applications (5)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
NL238255D NL238255A (enrdf_load_html_response) 1959-03-31
US634547A US2982441A (en) 1957-01-16 1957-01-16 Liquid-storage tank
FR794498A FR1223972A (fr) 1959-03-31 1959-05-12 Réservoir pour l'emmagasinage de liquides
US143342A US3172560A (en) 1959-03-31 1961-10-06 Large capacity tank for storing and transporting low temperature liquids
GB30889/62A GB944748A (en) 1959-03-31 1962-08-13 A large tank for storing or transporting liquids

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB1093759A GB850204A (en) 1959-03-31 1959-03-31 Improvements in low boiling liquid storage tanks
US143342A US3172560A (en) 1959-03-31 1961-10-06 Large capacity tank for storing and transporting low temperature liquids

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3172560A true US3172560A (en) 1965-03-09

Family

ID=26247869

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US143342A Expired - Lifetime US3172560A (en) 1957-01-16 1961-10-06 Large capacity tank for storing and transporting low temperature liquids

Country Status (3)

Country Link
US (1) US3172560A (enrdf_load_html_response)
GB (1) GB944748A (enrdf_load_html_response)
NL (1) NL238255A (enrdf_load_html_response)

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5222618A (en) * 1990-08-07 1993-06-29 Gian Luigi Apointe Rectangular container for fluid or semifluid products
US6729492B2 (en) * 1998-10-15 2004-05-04 Exxonmobil Upstream Research Company Liquefied natural gas storage tank
US20040188446A1 (en) * 1998-10-15 2004-09-30 Gulati Kailash C. Liquefied natural gas storage tank
US20090166365A1 (en) * 2007-12-31 2009-07-02 Paccar Inc Pressure vessel

Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2296414A (en) * 1938-05-26 1942-09-22 Albrecht Lewis Storage tank construction
US2982441A (en) * 1957-01-16 1961-05-02 Conch Int Methane Ltd Liquid-storage tank

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2296414A (en) * 1938-05-26 1942-09-22 Albrecht Lewis Storage tank construction
US2982441A (en) * 1957-01-16 1961-05-02 Conch Int Methane Ltd Liquid-storage tank

Cited By (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5222618A (en) * 1990-08-07 1993-06-29 Gian Luigi Apointe Rectangular container for fluid or semifluid products
US6729492B2 (en) * 1998-10-15 2004-05-04 Exxonmobil Upstream Research Company Liquefied natural gas storage tank
US6732881B1 (en) * 1998-10-15 2004-05-11 Mobil Oil Corporation Liquefied gas storage tank
US20040172803A1 (en) * 1998-10-15 2004-09-09 Gulati Kailash C. Liquefied natural gas storage tank
US20040188446A1 (en) * 1998-10-15 2004-09-30 Gulati Kailash C. Liquefied natural gas storage tank
EP1137577A4 (en) * 1998-10-15 2005-11-16 Exxonmobil Oil Corp LIQUEFIED GAS STORAGE TANK
US6981305B2 (en) 1998-10-15 2006-01-03 Exxonmobil Oil Corporation Liquefied natural gas storage tank
US20060026836A1 (en) * 1998-10-15 2006-02-09 Gulati Kailash C Liquefied natural gas storage tank
US7100261B2 (en) 1998-10-15 2006-09-05 Exxon Mobil Upstream Research Company Liquefied natural gas storage tank
US7111750B2 (en) 1998-10-15 2006-09-26 Exxonmobil Upstream Research Company Liquefied natural gas storage tank
US20090166365A1 (en) * 2007-12-31 2009-07-02 Paccar Inc Pressure vessel

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
GB944748A (en) 1963-12-18
NL238255A (enrdf_load_html_response)

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