US3172186A - Apparatus for stretching travelling filaments consisting of fully synthetic plastics - Google Patents

Apparatus for stretching travelling filaments consisting of fully synthetic plastics Download PDF

Info

Publication number
US3172186A
US3172186A US44381A US4438160A US3172186A US 3172186 A US3172186 A US 3172186A US 44381 A US44381 A US 44381A US 4438160 A US4438160 A US 4438160A US 3172186 A US3172186 A US 3172186A
Authority
US
United States
Prior art keywords
filament
disc
housing
pump
stretching
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US44381A
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Rodenacker Wolf
Wegner Heinz
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Bayer AG
Original Assignee
Bayer AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Bayer AG filed Critical Bayer AG
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US3172186A publication Critical patent/US3172186A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

Links

Images

Classifications

    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D02—YARNS; MECHANICAL FINISHING OF YARNS OR ROPES; WARPING OR BEAMING
    • D02J—FINISHING OR DRESSING OF FILAMENTS, YARNS, THREADS, CORDS, ROPES OR THE LIKE
    • D02J1/00—Modifying the structure or properties resulting from a particular structure; Modifying, retaining, or restoring the physical form or cross-sectional shape, e.g. by use of dies or squeeze rollers
    • D02J1/22—Stretching or tensioning, shrinking or relaxing, e.g. by use of overfeed and underfeed apparatus, or preventing stretch
    • D02J1/225—Mechanical characteristics of stretching apparatus
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D02—YARNS; MECHANICAL FINISHING OF YARNS OR ROPES; WARPING OR BEAMING
    • D02J—FINISHING OR DRESSING OF FILAMENTS, YARNS, THREADS, CORDS, ROPES OR THE LIKE
    • D02J1/00—Modifying the structure or properties resulting from a particular structure; Modifying, retaining, or restoring the physical form or cross-sectional shape, e.g. by use of dies or squeeze rollers
    • D02J1/22—Stretching or tensioning, shrinking or relaxing, e.g. by use of overfeed and underfeed apparatus, or preventing stretch
    • D02J1/227—Control of the stretching tension; Localisation of the stretching neck; Draw-pins

Definitions

  • FIG. 8 APPARATUS FOR STRETCHING TRAVELLING FILAMENTS CONSISTING 0F FULLY SYNTHETIC PLASTICS Filed July 21. 1960 4 Sheets-Sheet 4 42 4] FIG. 8
  • This invention relates to an apparatus for stretching traveling filaments consisting of fully synthetic plastics.
  • a fully synthetic filament is usually stretched between two roller systems which are driven at different speeds, the roller systems running at constant speeds of revolution which are adjusted to the required stretching ratio. In this way, each portion of the filament is lengthened by a constant amount. Fluctuations in the count of the initial material cause fluctuations of the drafting force in the drafting zone with this stretching method. These fluctuations in the count permit a stretching of the material only up to the lower limiting value of the fluctuating drafting forces as otherwise overstrctching would be liable to occur.
  • the filament is certainly lengthened to a constant degree, but atthe sametime would be unevenly stressed if overstretching were permitted. The filament leaving the drafting zone still shown fluctuations in the count.
  • the strength values can be considerably improved, while simultaneously reducing the fluctuations in diameter, if in accordance with the present invention the filament is drawn against an adjustable force kept constant at a grooved disc or roller, which force maintains the equilibrium of the drafting force exerted on the filament. In this way, the filament is loaded with a constant drafting force and consequently the filament can be stretched to an opitmum degree.
  • An apparatus for carrying the process into effect consists of a rotatably mounted grooved disc as the member for drawing or withdrawing the filament to be stretched, which disc is coupled to a brake device, the adjustable braking moment of which maintains the equilibrium of the torque exerted by the filament on the grooved disc.
  • the brake is so adjusted that the filament can be stretched up to the maximum value of the constant drafting force, at which it no longer breaks, having regard to the initial count fluctuations.
  • Constant fluctuations in length occur in the filament with the driving of the grooved disc, i.e. the grooved disc generally rotates at a peripheral speed which fluctuates as a function of time. The extent of this fluctuation depends on the initial count fluctuation and the flowing capacity of the actual material.
  • a self-regulating braking means for constant filament tension is preferably provided in the form of a gearwheel pump with a circulation system, the h using of the pump being mounted to pivot about its axis and being provided with an eccentrically acting adjustable weight and turns a torsion capillary arranged in the liquid circulation, the capillary being fixed at one end on the movable housing and at the other end at a fixed point. Y By greater or lesser constriction of the tube cross-sections, the torque of the gearwheel pump is so adjusted that the drafting force on the filament maintains the balance with the weight.
  • the braking means can be constructed as an electric eddy current brake.
  • FIG. 1 schematically shows the arrangement in principle of an apparatus for stretching the filament with a constant drafting force.
  • FIGURE 2 schematically shows the drafting means in conjunction with a calender drum.
  • FIGURE 3 schematically shows the drafting means as a preliminary device in combination with the conventional inlet and outlet roller systems which are driven at difierent' speeds.
  • FIGURES 4, 5 and 6 illustrate embodiments of drafting means com prising a grooved disc which is coupled with a brake means formed as a gearwheel pump, PlGURE' l being in perspective and FIGURES 5 and 6 being sections.
  • FIG- URE 7 is a perspective view of an eddy current brake coupled with a grooveddisc.
  • FIGURE 8 schematically shows the grooved disc coupled with a brake means and serving as a filament-withdrawal device for the spinning process.
  • a filament 1 to be stretched runs from a bobbin 2 over a roller 3 to a grooved disc '4 which is coupled to a brake means 4a and is drawn off the grooved disc 4 against the braking force of the device do, by means of a roller system 5 and thus is stretched in the best possible manner.
  • the finally stretched filament is wound on to a bobbin 7, after passing through a filament-laying device 6.
  • a filament 1 runs from a bobbin 2 over a roller 3 and over a braked grooved disc 42- with full tension on to a calender drum 8.
  • the filament is stretched to an optimum degree, is brought into contact with the hot rollerror drum Ss surface and is aftertreated in order subsequently to be wound on a bobbin 7 by way of a laying device 6.
  • FIGURE 3 represents the use of the drafting process as a preliminary stretching means for use with a final stretching roller mechanism with constant elongation.
  • a filament 1 is laid around a braked grooved disc 4 and is initially stretched in the zone between a disc A- and a roller mechanism ill. Between two roller systems 1i? and 11, the filament l experiences a final stretching up to about in order then to be again wound on to a bobbin 7.
  • a brake arrangement coupled to way of example in FIGURE 4.
  • a grooved disc 4 in which a filament 1 is laid after passing over a roller 3, is mounted on a shaft 12 on which are also mounted gearwheels of a gearwheel pump13.
  • This gearwheel pump conveys oil from a pipe 14 through a hollow shaft 15 and a torsion capillary 16, which is turned relatively to a fixed point 17 by means of an eccentrically acting weight 21 (thereby reducing its crosssection), and through a pipe 18 into an oil storage container l9.
  • the torsion capillary 16 is shown in greater detail in FIGURE 5.
  • the torsion capillary is clamped at one end in a housing 22 and at the other end in the fixed point 17 and is so twisted when the housing 22 swivels that the cross-section available for the flow of oil is constricted and thus the oil pressure of the pump is increased.
  • FIGURE 6 shows another example of the automatic regulation of the torques.
  • a gearwheel pump 13 within housing 22 regulates the oil through supply line 14 and conveys the oil towards a valve member 23 which is moved relatively to a valve seat 24 by rotation of the housing 22.
  • 'A valve spindle 25 is retained in a square portion 26 of the fixed point 17.
  • the spindle can be so adjusted that the resistance in the oil circulation is increased or lowered according to the movement of the housing 22.
  • the oil flows through a flexible tube 28 and a pipe 18 back to a container 19.
  • the torque exerted on the filament through the disc 4 is brought into equilibrium with the weight 21 arranged on the pump housing 22, since the housing 22 is readily rotatable in ball bearings 29.
  • FIGURE 7 For stretching individual filaments, for example of monofil or multifil rayon, it is advantageous to use an arrangement such as shown in FIGURE 7, which corresponds in principle to the construction with an oil circulation (FIGURES 4- and 6).
  • a filament 1 is guided over a driving disc 4 which carries, on the other side of a bearing 30 a disc 31 made of aluminium or copper.
  • a soft-iron disc 32 Arranged to be rotatable and axially displaceable opposite this disc in a threaded pedestal 33 is a soft-iron disc 32.
  • the soft-iron disc 32 carries for example four magnets 34, each pair of which are opposite one another as North and South poles.
  • the magnets 34 exert a braking moment on the disc 31 and also a counteracting moment on the disc 32 carrying the magnets.
  • This moment is balanced by a weight 37 suspended from a disc 35 by means of a belt 36 so that, as the disc 32 is turned, it is simultaneously displaced to increase the air gap of the magnets and thus the torque is again reduced.
  • the balancing of the torque of the filament drawing at the disc 4 and of the counter-weight 37 at the disc 35 is therefore effected through an eddy current brake automatically adjusting the air gap.
  • the same principle can of course also be used in arrangements of more advanced design, but these do not enable the method of operation to be so clearly seen.
  • the eddy current disc 31 can also be caused to project into a magnetic field.
  • the holder of the associated magnets can be movably arranged, for example be balanced according to the principle of an inclination balance.
  • the magnets and the disc 31 can also be coaxially arranged.
  • the principle illustrated can also be used at the discharge end of a drafting frame.
  • This construction is suitable in all machines in which the inlet roller system of the drafting frame is simultaneously used with the withdrawal roller system for the spinning operation, which must run at a constant Withdrawal speed, in opposition to the brake. In this case, a constant drawing must be applied to the filament with the second withdrawal roller system. This can be explained by reference to FIGURE 8 in the following manner.
  • a withdrawal roller 38 which corresponds to the disc 4 is mounted on a shaft 39 which is connected to a sun wheel 40 of a differential.
  • the differential is driven by a motor 41 through gearwheels 42 and 43.
  • Fixed on the gearwheel 43 is a bevel gear 4-4 which meshes with the sun wheel 40 of the differential.
  • a second bevel gear 45 of the differential is connected fast to a brake device 46, which corresponds substantially to that according to FIGURE 6. If the brake device 46 is locked, a rigid driving of the roller 33 is obtained. However, if the brake is released, the brake starts to rotate until the torque at the bevel gear 45 is equal to the torque on the shaft 39 produced by the drawing of the filament at the roller 38.
  • a predetermined constant filament drawing at the roller 38 corresponds to the braking moment, the said roller having the tendency to run more quickly until the force adjusted at the brake 46 is reached. In this way, it is possible to exert a constant drawing of the filament, also with a constant input speed of the filament into the drafting Zone.
  • a variation of the process consists in that the material arriving with a constant withdrawal from the spinning machine is collected in a storage means and the process is otherwise to be carried out in accordance with FIGURE 1. It is necessary however to regulate the speed of the roller system 5 (FIGURE 1) according to the filling of the magazine.
  • the power stretching process according to the invention has great advantages over the hitherto usual stretching methods. These advantages consist in the important increase in the E-modulus, in the likewise interesting improvement of the strength value and particularly in the reduction of the fluctuations in diameter of the material being processed.
  • the machines for carrying out the process are of substantially more simple design and are also correspondingly less expensive, since only one additional roller or roller system is required. Owing to the saving of infinitely variable gears for adjusting the preferred stretching speed, which latter is automatically selected at the brake, savings in machine costs up to /s of the machines formerly in use are obtained. Owing to the simple design of the components, the brakes can be made to be reliable in operation and can be manufactured in large numbers.
  • the brake can quite generally be used as a self-regulating filament brake.
  • a filament stretching apparatus for stretching ad vancing artificial filaments comprising a rotatably mounted shaft, 9. filament drawing disc provided with a groove to engage said advancing filament and mounted on said shaft so as to be rotatable therewith, advancing means for said filament, fluid brake means characterized by an adjustable braking moment associated with said disc for imparting a retarding force to said disc balancing the torque exerted by the advancing filament on the grooved disc, said braking means comprising a gear pump containing gears situated within a gear pump housing, one of said gears being secured to said shaft and the other of said gears being rotatably mounted to said gear pump housing and said housing being mounted to swivel on said housings axis, said pump being adapted to pump fluid through a fluid circulation system via a torsion capillary, said capillary secured at one end thereof to the outlet on the pump housing and at the other end to a fixed point in the 'fluid circulation system, said torsion capillary being capable of rotation relative to said fixed point,
  • a filament stretching apparatus for stretching advancing artificial filaments comprising a rotatably mounted shaft, a filament drawing disc provided with a groove to engage said advancing filament and mounted on said shaft so as to be rotatable therewith, advancing means for said filament, a fluid braking means characterized by an adjustable braking moment associated with said disc for imparting a retarding force to said disc balancing the torque exerted by the advancing filament on the grooved disc, said braking means comprising a gear pump contain ing gears situated within a gear pump housing, one of said gears being secured to said shaft and the other of said gears being rotatably mounted to said gear pump housing and said housing being mounted for swiveling movement on said housings axis, said pump being adapted to pump fluid through a fluid circulation system via a valve member movable relative to a valve seat by the swiveling movement of said housing, the degree of said movement being controlled by an eccentrically acting adjustable weight mounted on said pump housing whereby when said housing is caused to swivel, the

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Yarns And Mechanical Finishing Of Yarns Or Ropes (AREA)
  • Spinning Methods And Devices For Manufacturing Artificial Fibers (AREA)
US44381A 1959-07-23 1960-07-21 Apparatus for stretching travelling filaments consisting of fully synthetic plastics Expired - Lifetime US3172186A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DEF0029003 1959-07-23

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3172186A true US3172186A (en) 1965-03-09

Family

ID=7093114

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US44381A Expired - Lifetime US3172186A (en) 1959-07-23 1960-07-21 Apparatus for stretching travelling filaments consisting of fully synthetic plastics

Country Status (4)

Country Link
US (1) US3172186A (no)
BE (1) BE593366A (no)
GB (1) GB955424A (no)
NL (1) NL254103A (no)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3489368A (en) * 1967-10-17 1970-01-13 Barber Colman Co Tension regulator for stretch core thread
CN110629346A (zh) * 2019-09-24 2019-12-31 山东齐鲁化纺有限公司 一种牵伸浴槽油剂循环控制系统
CN112960509A (zh) * 2021-03-25 2021-06-15 中国矿业大学 一种大距离多绳牵引提升系统及提升方法

Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2586037A (en) * 1951-01-23 1952-02-19 Robert D Heffelfinger Uniform strand tension device
US2605061A (en) * 1948-05-13 1952-07-29 Firestone Tire & Rubber Co Constant tension device
US2624527A (en) * 1950-06-22 1953-01-06 Kohorn Ralph S Von Thread tensioning device
US2659549A (en) * 1953-11-17 Galin
US2845235A (en) * 1954-06-25 1958-07-29 Gen Electric Electromagnetic wire tension device
US2932078A (en) * 1958-11-12 1960-04-12 Goodrich Co B F Process for treating cords
US2942325A (en) * 1957-05-14 1960-06-28 Du Pont Process of treating undrawn polyester yarns and filaments
US3022025A (en) * 1959-08-03 1962-02-20 Tensitron Inc Tension control for filamentary materials

Patent Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2659549A (en) * 1953-11-17 Galin
US2605061A (en) * 1948-05-13 1952-07-29 Firestone Tire & Rubber Co Constant tension device
US2624527A (en) * 1950-06-22 1953-01-06 Kohorn Ralph S Von Thread tensioning device
US2586037A (en) * 1951-01-23 1952-02-19 Robert D Heffelfinger Uniform strand tension device
US2845235A (en) * 1954-06-25 1958-07-29 Gen Electric Electromagnetic wire tension device
US2942325A (en) * 1957-05-14 1960-06-28 Du Pont Process of treating undrawn polyester yarns and filaments
US2932078A (en) * 1958-11-12 1960-04-12 Goodrich Co B F Process for treating cords
US3022025A (en) * 1959-08-03 1962-02-20 Tensitron Inc Tension control for filamentary materials

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3489368A (en) * 1967-10-17 1970-01-13 Barber Colman Co Tension regulator for stretch core thread
CN110629346A (zh) * 2019-09-24 2019-12-31 山东齐鲁化纺有限公司 一种牵伸浴槽油剂循环控制系统
CN110629346B (zh) * 2019-09-24 2020-09-29 山东齐鲁化纺有限公司 一种牵伸浴槽油剂循环控制系统
CN112960509A (zh) * 2021-03-25 2021-06-15 中国矿业大学 一种大距离多绳牵引提升系统及提升方法

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
GB955424A (en) 1964-04-15
NL254103A (no)
BE593366A (fr) 1960-11-14

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
US2550136A (en) Method of twisting strands together to form a ply construction
US3091908A (en) Apparatus and method for false twisting yarns
US2737773A (en) Apparatus for making elastic yarn
US3928957A (en) Method of and device for shaped effect yarns with or without ladders
US2521601A (en) Thread twisting device
US3172186A (en) Apparatus for stretching travelling filaments consisting of fully synthetic plastics
US3153893A (en) Method and apparatus for twisting and plying strands
US2979882A (en) Method and apparatus for stretching and twisting continuous filament yarn
US2729050A (en) Apparatus for and method of preparing textile strands by twisting, twining, wrapping, and covering
US2914903A (en) Apparatus for plying yarns
US2610806A (en) Constant tension winding
US2635413A (en) Strand-former balloon control
US2131893A (en) Process and apparatus for twisting threads
US3613348A (en) Flyer spindle for two-for-one twisting machine
US2857730A (en) Apparatus for twisting and plying strands
US3041815A (en) Strand tensioning and metering apparatus
US2869315A (en) Spinning apparatus
US3172247A (en) Double twist cabling apparatus
US3044246A (en) Compensating device for thread feed spools
US2961824A (en) Apparatus for plying strands
US3701244A (en) Apparatus for applying a wire coil to a fine wire strand
US2671305A (en) Yarn twisting and tensioning device
US3026063A (en) Tensioning device
US3121989A (en) Double twist cabling apparatus
USRE23509E (en) Method of and apparatus for