US3157915A - Control device - Google Patents

Control device Download PDF

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Publication number
US3157915A
US3157915A US825964A US82596459A US3157915A US 3157915 A US3157915 A US 3157915A US 825964 A US825964 A US 825964A US 82596459 A US82596459 A US 82596459A US 3157915 A US3157915 A US 3157915A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
web
radiation
transducer
light
density
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US825964A
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English (en)
Inventor
Charles F Gilbo
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
George W Bollman and Co Inc
Original Assignee
George W Bollman and Co Inc
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by George W Bollman and Co Inc filed Critical George W Bollman and Co Inc
Priority to US825964A priority Critical patent/US3157915A/en
Priority to BE656118D priority patent/BE656118A/xx
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US3157915A publication Critical patent/US3157915A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01G—PRELIMINARY TREATMENT OF FIBRES, e.g. FOR SPINNING
    • D01G31/00—Warning or safety devices, e.g. automatic fault detectors, stop motions
    • D01G31/006—On-line measurement and recording of process and product parameters
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01G—PRELIMINARY TREATMENT OF FIBRES, e.g. FOR SPINNING
    • D01G23/00—Feeding fibres to machines; Conveying fibres between machines
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01G—PRELIMINARY TREATMENT OF FIBRES, e.g. FOR SPINNING
    • D01G23/00—Feeding fibres to machines; Conveying fibres between machines
    • D01G23/06—Arrangements in which a machine or apparatus is regulated in response to changes in the volume or weight of fibres fed, e.g. piano motions
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S55/00—Gas separation
    • Y10S55/34—Indicator and controllers
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S73/00—Measuring and testing
    • Y10S73/11—Photoelectric cell

Definitions

  • radiation apparatus requires clean, substantially uniform conditions to produce a desired result for an adequate period of time.
  • dust and other matter is prevalent and the CfilClBIlCY of a radiation source and detecting means incorporated into the machine will be adversely affected in a short time.
  • Auxiliary devices may be pro- 3,157,915 Patented Nov. 24, 1964 vided for periodically cleaning the equipment.
  • suitable cleaning apparatus is very difficult to provide. For example, an air stream could be used to clean lint off a detector. However, such air can do damage to the thin, fragile, tenous web coming from the carding machine.
  • a major object of this invention is to provide automatic apparatus and a method for controlling the density of a web emanating from the dotfer of a carding machine, the weight of the end product being held to a variation within about two percent.
  • Another object of this invention is to provide web density control apparatus which is relatively low in cost.
  • Another object of this invention is to provide control apparatus and a method of the character described by which past as well as present variations in Web density contribute to the control of a rotary doffer.
  • Another object of this invention is to provide apparatus and a method by which web variations are integrated to provide a steady, even control of dotfer speed as contrasted with apparatus which provides quick, sharp speed changes responsive to each and every web density variation encountered.
  • Another very important object of this invention is to provide apparatus which will operate efliciently, effectively and continuously.
  • a further object of this invention is to provide web density control apparatus which is not rendered inoperative, or less eflicient, by lint and the like around the carding machine.
  • a still further object of this invention is to provide fully automatic apparatus of the character described which wholly obviates the necessity for an operator to control the weight of workpieces formed from the web.
  • FIG. 1 is a generally diagrammatic side elevation of the output section of a carding machine having control apparatus associated therewith constructed according to this invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a plan view of FIG. 1 and showing diagrammatically the components of the apparatus for controlling the output of the machine.
  • Associated with the doffer is conventional mechanism, not shown, which delivers the wool, cotton, fur, mohair, flax, alpaca, or other fibers thereto; and when it is stated hereafter that the speed of the dotfer is controlled, it will be understood that the speed of the mechanism associated therewith is simultaneously and correspondingly controlled.
  • Web 11 is thin, delicate, tenuous, fragile, and film-like. It may be of various widths, depending on the size of the machine. In the hat making industry the Web is about twenty-five inches wide. Because of its nature, radiation may be passed through the web. However, any physical disturbance of the web as it comes from the machine is undesirable. Drawing or pulling on the web to vary its density might break the web. However, the web is sufficiently strong that suitable tensioning rol-ls 12 may be employed to sustain the web as it comes from the dolfer.
  • Dotfer 1G is driven from a source of power, not shown, through an endless belt 14 extending around a variable sheave 15 connected to a shaft 16 of the doffer.
  • a variable sheave 15 connected to a shaft 16 of the doffer.
  • the speed of the dotfer can be varied.
  • the speed of the doiler is increased the thickness or density of the web emanating therefrom will lessen. Conversely, when the crease.
  • the apparatus of this invention comprises radiation projection means which may be a fluorescent lamp or the like to produce light of substantially uniform intensity and project it upwardly through web 11 from the underside thereof.
  • Lamp 20 is disposed in a clear, glass-like member or tube 21 mounted on supports 22. As shown in FIG. 1, the upper periphery of member 21 has direct contact with the underside of web 11. This is done so that the member will be continuously wiped clean of lint by the web as it moves overhead whereby the intensity of the light projected up through the web is not impaired.
  • transducer 25 Positioned above web 11 in vertical alignment with lamp 20 is a transducer 25 comprising radiation detection or measuring means in the form of a plurality of interconnected barrier layer photoelectric cells 26 which are adapted to receive light projected through the web. There are also provided pairs of reference cells 28 at each side of the web which receive light direct so that any variations in the intensity of the light from lamp 20 can be noted whereby the control mechanism can be kept in proper adjustment.
  • the photocells are mounted in an enclosure or box 30 impervious to light except for a glass-like member 31 which faces the top surface of the Web. Enclosure 30 is mounted on arms 32 which position member 31 in physical contact with the top of web 11 whereby the web continuously wipes the member clean.
  • an integrating device comprising condenser means in the form of a bank of condensers.
  • the capacity of the condenser means is variable by adding or removing condensers from the bank of condensers.
  • the photocells of the transducer are connected in a null balance circuit (bridge) and when the web weight is correct there is zero output. However, if the density of the web increases, the light projected to the photocells will decrease. Conversely, if the density of the Web decreases, the light projected to the photocells will increase. Web density changes will thus produce a current or potential that varies plus or minus from zero, as the case may be.
  • the bank of condensers integrate the output of the transducer, considerable variation in output being required to produce a material variation in the potential of the condensers.
  • Past output of the transducer contributes to the control provided as well as the output, or lack of it, at any given moment as the web moves by.
  • the integrating device brings in a longitudinal factor and thereby provides integrated measurements over a period of time.
  • a galvanometer 42 of the optical type having light-ray indicator means Suitably connected to integrator 40 is a galvanometer 42 of the optical type having light-ray indicator means.
  • the galvanometer is balanced with the rest of the apparatus so that when the density of the web is correct, and the potential of the integrator is stable, the light-ray points center, as indicated by the arrow 44. However, if the potential of the integrator drops, the galvanometer light-ray will swing over to position 45 at one side of center; and it the integrator potential rises, the indicator will swing to the other side of center to position 46.
  • Relay 50 causes motor 54 to run in one direction and relay 51 causes it to run in the opposite direction.
  • Sheave 15 is thereby opened or closed as the case may be to speed-up or slow-down the speed of the doiier 10.
  • the photocells, condensers, galvanometer, relays, reversible motor, sheave and various connections are all standard, commercially available items. Equivalent items can be provided in the combination described. Further, after a particular machine has been equipped with the described control device and the whole system brought into control, then one condenser having a capacity equal to the sum of the bank of smaller ones may be used.
  • the density of web 11 is correct as it passes between the light source and the transducer, the light directed to the photocells will be of correct intensity and the output of the transducer will be zero. If, at a given moment, an area of the web is too thin, one of the cells will receive excess light. At the same time, another adjacent area may be correspondingly too thick and another cell will receive too little light. However, the variations will be balanced out and the output of the transducer will remain Zero even though web variations are occurring. The overall density and thus the weight per unit length of the web is the test and not the density in one small area.
  • the apparatus can be provided at low cost.
  • Apparatus for automatically controlling the density of a web emanating in a generally horizontal ribbon from the rotary doifer of a carding machine wherein the web is of such character that radiation may pass therethrough comprising, in combination, a lamp disposed beneath said web and projecting light upwardly therethrough, a first glass-like member disposed between said lamp and said web, means mounting said first member in direct contact with the underside of said web, a transducer comprising a plurality of connected photocells disposed transversely of said web to receive light passing through the web from said light projecting means, an enclosure for said photocells including a second glass-like member disposed between said photocells and the web, means mounting said enclosure with said second glass-like member in direct contact with the top of Said web, said web sweeping across both glass-like members and thereby keeping them clean of lint, condenser means connected across the output of said transducer and the potential of which varies according to present and past output of the transducer, a galvanometer connected to said condens
  • Apparatus for automatically controlling the density of a Web emanating from the rotary dofler of a carding machine wherein the web is of such character that radiation may pass therethrough comprising, in combination, means projecting radiation through said web from one side thereof, a transducer comprising a radiation responsive means disposed at the opposite side of said web to receive radiation passing through the web, signal modifying means which reduces the eifect of instantaneous variation in transducer potential, a galvanometer connected in circuit with said signal modifying means and having a light ray indicator which moves in response to the signal output of the signal modifying means, speed regulating means connected to said doffer, and light responsive means, connected to the speed regulating means, which senses change in position of the light ray indicator and controls the speed regulating means.
  • Apparatus for automatically controlling the density of a web emanating from the rotary doiier of a carding machine wherein the web is of such character that radiation may pass therethrough comprising, in combination, means projecting radiation through said Web from one side thereof, a transducer comprising a radiation responsive means disposed at the opposite side of said web to receive radiation passing through the web, the radiation responsive means being arranged in a null balance bridge circuit, signal modifying means which reduces the effect of instantaneous variation in transducer potential, a galvanometer connected in circuit with said signal modifying means and having a light ray indicator which moves in response to the signal output of the signal modifying means, speed regulating means connected to said doiier, and light responsive means, connected to the speed regulating means, which senses change in position of the light ray indicator and controls the speed regulating means.
  • Apparatus for automatically controlling the density and thus the weight per unit length of a web emanating in a generally horizontal ribbon from the rotary doffer of a carding machine wherein the web is of such character that radiation may pass therethrough comprising, in combination, a lamp disposed beneath said web and projecting light upwardly therethrough, a first glass-like member mounted between said lamp and said web and in direct contact with the underside of the web, a transducer comprising a plurality of connected photocells disposed transversely of said web to receive light passing through the web from said lamp, an enclosure for said photocells including a second glass-like member mounted between said photocells and said web and in direct contact with the upper side of the web, said web sweeping across both glass-like members and thereby keeping them clean of lint, condenser means connected across the output of said transducer and the potential of which varies according to present and past output of the transducer whereby average light variations over a period of time are obtained, speed regulating means connected to said doffer, and means
  • Apparatus for automatically controlling the density and thus the weight per unit length of a web emanating from a textile machine responsive to the rotation of a rotary element, wherein the Web is of such character that radiation may pass therethrough comprising, in combination, means projecting radiation through said web from one side thereof and across a substantial portion of the width of the web, a transducer comprising radiation responsive means disposed at the opposite side of said web and across a material portion thereof to receive radiation passing through the web, condenser means connected to said transducer to continuously receive the output therefrom and the potential of the condenser means varying according to present and past output of the transducer whereby radiation variations are averaged over a period of time, speed regulating means connected to said rotary element, and means interconected between said condenser means and said speed regulating means and responsive to variations in the potential of the condenser means for controlling the operation of said speed regulating means.
  • Apparatus for automatically controlling the density and thus the weight per unit length of a web as recited in claim 5 wherein said radiation projecting means comprises a light of substantially uniform intensity and said transducer comprises photo sensitive means at locations across the web.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Preliminary Treatment Of Fibers (AREA)
US825964A 1959-07-09 1959-07-09 Control device Expired - Lifetime US3157915A (en)

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Cited By (13)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3324633A (en) * 1964-06-22 1967-06-13 American Air Filter Co Air filter control
US3496366A (en) * 1965-06-04 1970-02-17 Zellweger Uster Ag Apparatus and method for determining the count of textile materials
US3589816A (en) * 1968-02-27 1971-06-29 Fuji Photo Film Co Ltd Apparatus for detecting imperfections on a web
US4041770A (en) * 1975-09-30 1977-08-16 Rieter Machine Works, Ltd. Method and apparatus for sensing the thickness of a fiber layer on a moving surface
FR2424337A1 (fr) * 1978-04-26 1979-11-23 Zellweger Uster Ag Dispositif generateur d'un signal de reglage en fonction de la densite du voile de fibres passant sur le tambour d'une carde
US4275483A (en) * 1979-12-05 1981-06-30 Roberson James H Control apparatus for a carding machine
US4324136A (en) * 1979-09-05 1982-04-13 Aluminum Company Of America Beta gauge mechanism
US4742675A (en) * 1984-07-10 1988-05-10 Trutzschler Gmbh & Co. Kg Method and apparatus for producing a uniform, continuous fiber quantity
US4953265A (en) * 1988-03-02 1990-09-04 Gebruder Loepfe Ag Device for detecting neps in carded, textile fiber material
US4962569A (en) * 1988-02-05 1990-10-16 Truzschler GmbH & Co. KG Method and apparatus for obtaining measuring values representing the thickness of a coherent fiber mass
EP0485881A1 (de) * 1990-11-14 1992-05-20 Maschinenfabrik Rieter Ag Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Steuerung einer Karde
US6088094A (en) * 1997-12-23 2000-07-11 Zellweger Uster, Inc. On-line sliver monitor
JP2003517108A (ja) * 1999-12-16 2003-05-20 ツエルヴエーゲル・ルーヴア・アクチエンゲゼルシヤフト 圧縮された紡織繊維から成る繊維流中の異材料を識別して排出する方法及び装置

Citations (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
BE500240A (en)) *
US2105715A (en) * 1936-07-24 1938-01-18 Harold W Birch Burling table
US2466615A (en) * 1946-11-12 1949-04-05 Ralph A Rusca Photoelectric apparatus for measuring lap uniformity having means to minimize tension on the lap
US2633738A (en) * 1948-02-06 1953-04-07 Phillips Petroleum Co Detonation meter
US2679746A (en) * 1949-10-31 1954-06-01 Phillips Petroleum Co Detonation analyzer
US2795012A (en) * 1953-01-08 1957-06-11 Wool Ind Res Association Method of automatically controlling the output of a carding engine
US2805449A (en) * 1954-07-23 1957-09-10 Jr Albert E Martin Thickness variation measuring device
US2885660A (en) * 1955-04-15 1959-05-05 Sheffield Corp Electronic gaging
US2950508A (en) * 1954-12-31 1960-08-30 Zellweger Uster Ag Method and apparatus for automatically controlling the weight per unit length of textile materials
US2964803A (en) * 1956-07-18 1960-12-20 Stanley Whitaker Jackson Treatment of textile fibers

Patent Citations (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
BE500240A (en)) *
US2105715A (en) * 1936-07-24 1938-01-18 Harold W Birch Burling table
US2466615A (en) * 1946-11-12 1949-04-05 Ralph A Rusca Photoelectric apparatus for measuring lap uniformity having means to minimize tension on the lap
US2633738A (en) * 1948-02-06 1953-04-07 Phillips Petroleum Co Detonation meter
US2679746A (en) * 1949-10-31 1954-06-01 Phillips Petroleum Co Detonation analyzer
US2795012A (en) * 1953-01-08 1957-06-11 Wool Ind Res Association Method of automatically controlling the output of a carding engine
US2805449A (en) * 1954-07-23 1957-09-10 Jr Albert E Martin Thickness variation measuring device
US2950508A (en) * 1954-12-31 1960-08-30 Zellweger Uster Ag Method and apparatus for automatically controlling the weight per unit length of textile materials
US2885660A (en) * 1955-04-15 1959-05-05 Sheffield Corp Electronic gaging
US2964803A (en) * 1956-07-18 1960-12-20 Stanley Whitaker Jackson Treatment of textile fibers

Cited By (13)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3324633A (en) * 1964-06-22 1967-06-13 American Air Filter Co Air filter control
US3496366A (en) * 1965-06-04 1970-02-17 Zellweger Uster Ag Apparatus and method for determining the count of textile materials
US3589816A (en) * 1968-02-27 1971-06-29 Fuji Photo Film Co Ltd Apparatus for detecting imperfections on a web
US4041770A (en) * 1975-09-30 1977-08-16 Rieter Machine Works, Ltd. Method and apparatus for sensing the thickness of a fiber layer on a moving surface
FR2424337A1 (fr) * 1978-04-26 1979-11-23 Zellweger Uster Ag Dispositif generateur d'un signal de reglage en fonction de la densite du voile de fibres passant sur le tambour d'une carde
US4324136A (en) * 1979-09-05 1982-04-13 Aluminum Company Of America Beta gauge mechanism
US4275483A (en) * 1979-12-05 1981-06-30 Roberson James H Control apparatus for a carding machine
US4742675A (en) * 1984-07-10 1988-05-10 Trutzschler Gmbh & Co. Kg Method and apparatus for producing a uniform, continuous fiber quantity
US4962569A (en) * 1988-02-05 1990-10-16 Truzschler GmbH & Co. KG Method and apparatus for obtaining measuring values representing the thickness of a coherent fiber mass
US4953265A (en) * 1988-03-02 1990-09-04 Gebruder Loepfe Ag Device for detecting neps in carded, textile fiber material
EP0485881A1 (de) * 1990-11-14 1992-05-20 Maschinenfabrik Rieter Ag Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Steuerung einer Karde
US6088094A (en) * 1997-12-23 2000-07-11 Zellweger Uster, Inc. On-line sliver monitor
JP2003517108A (ja) * 1999-12-16 2003-05-20 ツエルヴエーゲル・ルーヴア・アクチエンゲゼルシヤフト 圧縮された紡織繊維から成る繊維流中の異材料を識別して排出する方法及び装置

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Publication number Publication date
BE656118A (en)) 1965-05-24

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