US3152278A - Fluorescent lamp with low melting amalgam filling - Google Patents

Fluorescent lamp with low melting amalgam filling Download PDF

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Publication number
US3152278A
US3152278A US31782A US3178260A US3152278A US 3152278 A US3152278 A US 3152278A US 31782 A US31782 A US 31782A US 3178260 A US3178260 A US 3178260A US 3152278 A US3152278 A US 3152278A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
envelope
compact body
mercury
fluorescent lamp
amalgam
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US31782A
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English (en)
Inventor
Dziergwa Herbert
Busch Lothar
Ristau Kathe
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Osram GmbH
Original Assignee
Patent Treuhand Gesellschaft fuer Elektrische Gluehlampen mbH
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Filing date
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Publication of US3152278A publication Critical patent/US3152278A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
    • H01J61/00—Gas-discharge or vapour-discharge lamps
    • H01J61/02—Details
    • H01J61/24—Means for obtaining or maintaining the desired pressure within the vessel
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
    • H01J9/00—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for the manufacture, installation, removal, maintenance of electric discharge tubes, discharge lamps, or parts thereof; Recovery of material from discharge tubes or lamps
    • H01J9/38—Exhausting, degassing, filling, or cleaning vessels

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to high output and highly loaded fluorescent lamps, and more particularly, to an improved high output and highly loaded fluorescent lamp and a method of and apparatus for manufacturing same.
  • Another object of the present invention is to provide a method for depositing a compact body of the present invention on the envelope of the improved high output highly loaded fluorescent lamp.
  • a further object of the present invention is the provision of an apparatus for depositing the compact body of the present invention on the envelope of the high output highly loaded fluorescent lamp.
  • the method of the present invention comprises the steps of removing a portion of the phosphor coating from the lamp envelope, heating the compact body to plasticity and propelling and pressing the plasticized compact body against the cleaned portion of the lamp envelope.
  • the apparatus for applying the compact body to the high output highly loaded fluorescent lamp comprises a suction device for removing a portion of the phosphor coating from the envelope wall and a depositing device having means for heating the compact body to plasticity and pneumatic means for directing the plasticized compact body into contact with the cleaned portion of the lamp envelope.
  • MG. 1 is a diagrammatic side-elevational view, partly in section, of a suction device for removing a portion of the phosphor on the inner surface of a high output highly loaded fluorescent lamp envelope preparatory to the deposition of the compact body thereon.
  • FIG. 2 is a diagrammatic side-elevational view, also partly in section, of a depositing device for attaching the compact body to the now cleaned inner surface of the fluorescent lamp envelope.
  • FIG. 3 shows a generally conventional fluorescent lamp envelope except for a section cut open to illustrate the compact amalgam forming body according to the invention.
  • FIGS. 1 and 2 a compact body of the present invention is indicated generally by the reference numeral 4.
  • This compact body comprises a mixture or combination of a pulverulent amalgam-forming metal, such as cadmium and indium, and one or several low melting point metals, such as gallium or soft-solder and/ or an adherence-favouring substance, e.g. an inorganic binder as an enamel or glass frit containing lead borate.
  • a pulverulent amalgam-forming metal such as cadmium and indium
  • low melting point metals such as gallium or soft-solder and/ or an adherence-favouring substance, e.g. an inorganic binder as an enamel or glass frit containing lead borate.
  • such compact body may comprise, for example, one part by weight of cadmium powder, one part by Weight of mercury and three parts by weight of a soft-solder powder, an alloy of lead, tin, bismuth and cadmium.
  • a compact body having a small volume relative to its surface area as illustrated, it may be formed into a disc-like or cylindrical tablet having a diameter of about 6 mm. and a thickness of 1 mm.
  • the compact body 4 may also be formed into rectangular solid shapes such as cubes and the like.
  • FIG. 2 it will be understood that when an envelope 1 orthe high output highly loaded fluorescent lamp (not shown) carries a phosphor 2, the suction device shown in FIG. 1 is utilized first.
  • Such suction device comprises a tube it) having an angularly or laterally extending portion 12, and a pivotable connection 13 for permitting the rotation of the angularly extending portion l2 into contact with a portion of the envelope 1 from which the phosphor 2 is to be removed.
  • the diameter of the angularly extending portion 12 is a little larger than the diameter of the compact body 4.
  • Such tube lift is connected through a vacuum valve 11 to a vacuum source (not shown) but indicated in FIG. 1 by the direction arrow and the legend to to vacuum source.
  • the pivotable connection 13 the angularly extending portion i2 is pressed into contact with the inner surface of the envelope It to permit the sucking-oil of the phosphor 2 at the contact area.
  • the suction device is then retracted preparatory to the depositing operation associated with the compact body 4.
  • This compact body t is then loaded into a recess 6 provided in a laterally or angularly extending portion 14 of a metal tube 5, which metal tube 5 is connected by means of a heat insulating intermediate portion 7 to a pivotable connection 16. Additionally, the metal tube 5 extends through a throttle valve 8 and a pressure-reducing valve to a compressed inert gas supply (not shown) but indicated by the direction arrow in FIG. 2 and the legend from compressed gas supply.
  • Such compact body 4 is heated by means of an adjustable electrical heating means, such as the heating coil 15, to partial or complete plasticity as desired.
  • the angularly extending portion 14 is then moved by means (of pivotable connection 16) into contact with the now greases cleaned portion of the lamp envelope (FIG. 2) to dispose the now plastic compact body adjacent such now cleaned portion of the lamp envelope 1.
  • Compressed air or preferably an inert gas which does not react with the compact body 4, such as nitrogen, is then introduced under pressure through pressure reducing valve 9, throttle valve ti, metal tube and angularly extending portion 14 to propel or press the plasticized compact body against the now cleaned portion of the envelope 1. Thereafter the depositing device is retracted from the lamp envelope.
  • the compact body 4 is shown adhering to the envelope wall in FIG. 3.
  • the compact body 4 may be maintained below its softening temperature by directing a blast of cool air against the portion of the envelope 1 carrying the compact body
  • the tube 5 may be connected by conventional means, such as a valve and T-connector (not shown) to the vacuum valve 11 and the vacuum source thus incorporating the suction device in the depositing device.
  • the improved etliciency of the hi h output highly loaded fluorescent lamps at higher operating temperatures is obtained in the following manner.
  • the mercury vapor pressure of the lamp is lower than the mercury vapor pressure in lamps containing free mercury without amalgams at like temperature and, therefore, provides an increased radiation output or the mercury resonance radiation.
  • the optimum of radiation output of the mercury resonance radiation in comparison to lamps lacking amalgam-forming metals is shifted towards higher lamp temperatures and only achieved with higher input.
  • the deposition of the amalgam in the lamp in form of a compact body is highly advantageous in that the heating and exhausting process of lamps containing amalgam hardly differs from that of conventional lamps since it is easily possible to keep the small area of amalgam-deposition cool, i.e. below the softening temperature of the compact body, for instance by a blast of air.
  • a hi h output highly loaded fluorescent lamp comprising a vitreous envelope containing an ionizable medium including mercury and wherein mercury vapor at a pressure in the range of 6 to 10 microns corresponding to a temperature range of to C. is optimum for generation of 2537 A.
  • a compact body having a small surface area relative to its volume ait'ixed internally to the wall of said envelope and covering only a minor portion of the circumference thereof, said compact body comprising a metal forming an amalgam with mercury and a low melting point metal and being adapted, at said envelope wall temperature, to lower the mercury vapor pressure within said envelope towards said optimum range.
  • the compact body comprises, for the metal forming an amalgam with mercury, a metal selected from the group consisting of cadmium and indium and alloys thereof, and for the low melting point metal, a metal selected from the group consisting of gallium, lead, tin, bismuth and cadmium and alloys thereof.
  • a lamp as defined in claim 1 wherein the compact body comprises, for the metal forming an amalgam with mercury, a metal se ected from the group consisting of cadmium and indium and alloys thereof, for the low meling point metal, a metal selected from the group consisting of gallium, lead, tin, bismuth and cadmium and alloys thereof, and further comprises an adherence-favoring substance in the form of an inorganic binder containing lead borate.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Manufacture Of Electron Tubes, Discharge Lamp Vessels, Lead-In Wires, And The Like (AREA)
  • Discharge Lamp (AREA)
US31782A 1959-06-12 1960-05-31 Fluorescent lamp with low melting amalgam filling Expired - Lifetime US3152278A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DEP22962A DE1104060B (de) 1959-06-12 1959-06-12 Elektrische Quecksilberniederdruckentladungslampe, insbesondere Leuchtstofflampe

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3152278A true US3152278A (en) 1964-10-06

Family

ID=7368968

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US31782A Expired - Lifetime US3152278A (en) 1959-06-12 1960-05-31 Fluorescent lamp with low melting amalgam filling

Country Status (5)

Country Link
US (1) US3152278A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
BE (1) BE591757R (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
DE (1) DE1104060B (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
GB (1) GB962807A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
NL (1) NL252546A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)

Cited By (16)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3227907A (en) * 1962-12-31 1966-01-04 Sylvania Electric Prod Electric discharge lamp with integral pressure regulator
US3336502A (en) * 1963-12-31 1967-08-15 Sylvania Electric Prod Automatic heater control system for amalgam pressure control of fluorescent lamps
US3339100A (en) * 1963-11-27 1967-08-29 Sylvania Electric Prod Fluorescent electric discharge lamp having the phosphor particles admixed with indium powder particles
US3351797A (en) * 1963-12-30 1967-11-07 Patent Treuhand Ges Fuer Elektrische Gluehlampen Mbh Low-pressure discharge lamp containing mercury amalgam
US3392298A (en) * 1962-08-31 1968-07-09 Sylvania Electric Prod Fluorescent lamp using an indiummercury amalgam band for pressure control
US3422299A (en) * 1964-07-09 1969-01-14 Westinghouse Electric Corp Fluorescent lamp having an integral mercury-vapor pressure control assembly with amalgam-forming metal and amalgam stabilizing means
US3504215A (en) * 1967-11-30 1970-03-31 Westinghouse Electric Corp Planar fluorescent lamp with integral amalgam type mercury-vapor pressure control component
US3526804A (en) * 1967-10-27 1970-09-01 Westinghouse Electric Corp Fluorescent lamp or similar device containing an amalgam of tin-indium-mercury which controls the mercury vapor pressure during operation
US3683227A (en) * 1970-05-25 1972-08-08 Jury Iosifovich Shindelman Low-pressure mercury-vapor gas-discharge fluorescent lamp with amalgam
US3890531A (en) * 1973-06-14 1975-06-17 Patent Treuhand Ges Fur Elekst Low pressure mercury vapor discharge lamp with amalgam
US3898720A (en) * 1972-09-28 1975-08-12 Westinghouse Electric Corp Method of providing a fluorescent lamp stem with an integral mercury-vapor pressure regulating means
US3957328A (en) * 1973-03-16 1976-05-18 U.S. Philips Corporation Method of manufacturing a mercury vapour discharge lamp
US4157485A (en) * 1975-06-20 1979-06-05 U.S. Philips Corporation Low-pressure mercury vapor discharge lamp with indium-bismuth-mercury amalgam
EP0062713A1 (en) * 1981-04-10 1982-10-20 Kabushiki Kaisha Toshiba A method of manufacturing a fluorescent lamp and a fluorescent lamp obtained by this method
US4615846A (en) * 1983-09-30 1986-10-07 Kabushiki Kaisha Toshiba Method of manufacturing a low-melting point alloy for sealing in a fluorescent lamp
US5187804A (en) * 1989-05-15 1993-02-16 Gte Products Corporation Method of controlling the mercury vapor pressure in a photo-chemical lamp or vapor filter used for Hg196 enrichment

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
NL238534A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) *
DE1265300B (de) * 1961-07-24 1968-04-04 Ulrich W Doering Verfahren zum Aufbringen eines Amalgamkoerpers in einer mit Edelgas und einem Zusatzvon Quecksilberdampf gefuellten roehrenfoermigen Leuchtstofflampe
DE1196292B (de) * 1963-12-30 1965-07-08 Patra Patent Treuhand Quecksilberniederdruckentladungslampe mit erhoehter elektrischer und/oder thermischer Belastbarkeit, insbesondere Leuchtstofflampe

Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1971945A (en) * 1931-01-26 1934-08-28 Gen Electric Vapor Lamp Co Gaseous electric discharge device
US2449637A (en) * 1946-09-06 1948-09-21 Gen Electric Method and apparatus for manufacturing fluorescent lamps
US2450197A (en) * 1945-12-29 1948-09-28 Sylvania Electric Prod Electric discharge device
US2476681A (en) * 1942-07-22 1949-07-19 Gen Electric Fluorescent material and electric discharge device
US2491854A (en) * 1946-04-06 1949-12-20 Gen Electric Starting strip for electric discharge devices
US2879583A (en) * 1954-12-13 1959-03-31 Cinema Television Ltd Method of fabricating electron discharge devices
US3007071A (en) * 1958-04-29 1961-10-31 Patent Treuhand Ges Fuer Elektrische Gluehlampen Mbh Low-pressure mercury vapor discharge lamp

Family Cites Families (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
AT124029B (de) * 1929-09-27 1931-08-10 Philips Nv Elektrische Entladungsröhre zum Aussenden von Strahlen.

Patent Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1971945A (en) * 1931-01-26 1934-08-28 Gen Electric Vapor Lamp Co Gaseous electric discharge device
US2476681A (en) * 1942-07-22 1949-07-19 Gen Electric Fluorescent material and electric discharge device
US2450197A (en) * 1945-12-29 1948-09-28 Sylvania Electric Prod Electric discharge device
US2491854A (en) * 1946-04-06 1949-12-20 Gen Electric Starting strip for electric discharge devices
US2449637A (en) * 1946-09-06 1948-09-21 Gen Electric Method and apparatus for manufacturing fluorescent lamps
US2879583A (en) * 1954-12-13 1959-03-31 Cinema Television Ltd Method of fabricating electron discharge devices
US3007071A (en) * 1958-04-29 1961-10-31 Patent Treuhand Ges Fuer Elektrische Gluehlampen Mbh Low-pressure mercury vapor discharge lamp

Cited By (18)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3392298A (en) * 1962-08-31 1968-07-09 Sylvania Electric Prod Fluorescent lamp using an indiummercury amalgam band for pressure control
US3227907A (en) * 1962-12-31 1966-01-04 Sylvania Electric Prod Electric discharge lamp with integral pressure regulator
US3339100A (en) * 1963-11-27 1967-08-29 Sylvania Electric Prod Fluorescent electric discharge lamp having the phosphor particles admixed with indium powder particles
US3351797A (en) * 1963-12-30 1967-11-07 Patent Treuhand Ges Fuer Elektrische Gluehlampen Mbh Low-pressure discharge lamp containing mercury amalgam
US3336502A (en) * 1963-12-31 1967-08-15 Sylvania Electric Prod Automatic heater control system for amalgam pressure control of fluorescent lamps
US3534212A (en) * 1964-07-09 1970-10-13 Westinghouse Electric Corp Fluorescent lamp having an integral mercury-vapor pressure control assembly with segmented amalgam-forming metal
US3422299A (en) * 1964-07-09 1969-01-14 Westinghouse Electric Corp Fluorescent lamp having an integral mercury-vapor pressure control assembly with amalgam-forming metal and amalgam stabilizing means
US3526804A (en) * 1967-10-27 1970-09-01 Westinghouse Electric Corp Fluorescent lamp or similar device containing an amalgam of tin-indium-mercury which controls the mercury vapor pressure during operation
US3504215A (en) * 1967-11-30 1970-03-31 Westinghouse Electric Corp Planar fluorescent lamp with integral amalgam type mercury-vapor pressure control component
US3683227A (en) * 1970-05-25 1972-08-08 Jury Iosifovich Shindelman Low-pressure mercury-vapor gas-discharge fluorescent lamp with amalgam
US3898720A (en) * 1972-09-28 1975-08-12 Westinghouse Electric Corp Method of providing a fluorescent lamp stem with an integral mercury-vapor pressure regulating means
US3957328A (en) * 1973-03-16 1976-05-18 U.S. Philips Corporation Method of manufacturing a mercury vapour discharge lamp
US3890531A (en) * 1973-06-14 1975-06-17 Patent Treuhand Ges Fur Elekst Low pressure mercury vapor discharge lamp with amalgam
US4157485A (en) * 1975-06-20 1979-06-05 U.S. Philips Corporation Low-pressure mercury vapor discharge lamp with indium-bismuth-mercury amalgam
EP0062713A1 (en) * 1981-04-10 1982-10-20 Kabushiki Kaisha Toshiba A method of manufacturing a fluorescent lamp and a fluorescent lamp obtained by this method
US4615846A (en) * 1983-09-30 1986-10-07 Kabushiki Kaisha Toshiba Method of manufacturing a low-melting point alloy for sealing in a fluorescent lamp
EP0136866B1 (en) * 1983-09-30 1991-12-27 Kabushiki Kaisha Toshiba Method of manufacturing a low-melting point alloy for sealing in a fluorescent lamp
US5187804A (en) * 1989-05-15 1993-02-16 Gte Products Corporation Method of controlling the mercury vapor pressure in a photo-chemical lamp or vapor filter used for Hg196 enrichment

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
NL252546A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
GB962807A (en) 1964-07-01
BE591757R (fr) 1960-10-03
DE1104060B (de) 1961-04-06

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