US3149789A - Continuous process of grinding particulate material - Google Patents

Continuous process of grinding particulate material Download PDF

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Publication number
US3149789A
US3149789A US65796A US6579660A US3149789A US 3149789 A US3149789 A US 3149789A US 65796 A US65796 A US 65796A US 6579660 A US6579660 A US 6579660A US 3149789 A US3149789 A US 3149789A
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vessel
grinding
liquid
particulate material
zone
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US65796A
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Szegvari Andrew
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Priority to US65796A priority Critical patent/US3149789A/en
Priority to CH1241361A priority patent/CH400734A/de
Priority to SE10669/61A priority patent/SE310301B/xx
Priority to GB38637/61A priority patent/GB1002556A/en
Priority to ES271555A priority patent/ES271555A1/es
Priority to FR877348A priority patent/FR1312490A/fr
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
    • B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
    • B02C17/00—Disintegrating by tumbling mills, i.e. mills having a container charged with the material to be disintegrated with or without special disintegrating members such as pebbles or balls
    • B02C17/16—Mills in which a fixed container houses stirring means tumbling the charge
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F27/00—Mixers with rotary stirring devices in fixed receptacles; Kneaders
    • B01F27/80—Mixers with rotary stirring devices in fixed receptacles; Kneaders with stirrers rotating about a substantially vertical axis
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F33/00—Other mixers; Mixing plants; Combinations of mixers
    • B01F33/25—Mixers with loose mixing elements, e.g. loose balls in a receptacle
    • B01F33/251—Mixers with loose mixing elements, e.g. loose balls in a receptacle using balls as loose mixing element

Definitions

  • the operation is continuous with the addition of the suspension or components of the suspension adjacent one end of the vessel, preferably the bottom of the vessel, on a substantially continuous basis, and removal of the suspension of the product on a substantially continuous basis adjacent the other end of the vessel.
  • the operation is so conducted as to obtain fast processing by agitated grinding elements.
  • the operation also is adapted to the carrying out of chemical reactions, as in the polymerization of monomers to produce elastomers or other resins particularly where the time of the reaction is a basic parameter determining the length of the resulting polymer chain; the resulting polymer product being composed of chains of more nearly uniform length than is obtainable by the usual processes of polymerization.
  • the process is applicable to both coarse grinding and fine grinding. It is applicable to the grinding of very hard materials such as iron oxide, etc., and to relatively frangible materials such as coal, etc.
  • the particle size of the solid starting material may vary from particles measuring as little as 325 mesh or even less, to particles measuring as much as Ms inch or A1 inch, or possibly more in the largest diameter.
  • the particle size of the particles in the final suspension may be as small as /2 micron or less, or as large as 5 microns or even somewhat larger.
  • the particle sizes of the solid in the starting material and the final product are not critical, nor is the solid or the liquid employed critical; neither is the viscosity of the liquid critical.
  • This invention applies to a multi-dimensional statistical realm, the dimensions of which are the direction of the progress in space and time and the cross section of the process in space and time.
  • the principle which has been evolved to explain the surprising results set forth herein can be stated as follows: The most effective progress leading to the end point is such when the individual space elements of the realm continue toward the end point without changing position or being intermixed with neighboring lateral space elements.
  • P is the statistical probability for the depletion of the original size of the particles, and A A A and A are each small positive coefficients. This is obviously a function which is much more steep than linear since its first derivative is larger than one and all subsequent derivatives are also larger than one. This can be proved mathematically.
  • the equipment used is an improvement over that described in my US. Patent 2,764,359. It contains many substantially spherical grinding elements all of the same diameter. They can be very small as long as the grinding elements are still mechanically effective, and can be separated from the finished product; and they can be larger as long as they provide the substantially optimum statistical probability of successful collisions with other elements during the grinding operation. They may be composed of steel, tungsten carbide or ceramics, or they may be pebbles formed naturally. In some cases, they are preferably of relatively high specific gravity so as to produce grinding impact when they contact one another during the grinding operation; in other cases a lighter element is preferred in particular when a floating condition of the grinding elements is required; and they must be resistant to any chemical present.
  • the agitating equipment includes a central vertical agitator shaft with horizontal arms preferably straight, distributed effectively throughout the submerged length of the vertical shaft, and each extending close to the wall of the vessel with a space of three grinding-element diameters between the end of each and the wall.
  • the arms are arranged at an angle to one another, preferably with each arm at an angle of about 45 degrees behind the arm below it. The angle is not critical, and the arms may be arranged at 30 degrees or other suitable angle to one another.
  • the vessel employed differs from the Vessel disclosed in my US. Patent 2,764,359 in that all arms extend outwardly preferably toward the same distance to the wall of the vessel and they are distributed preferably evenly and continuously throughout the entire submerged length of the central agitator shaft.
  • the grinding elements fill the vessel so that in the preferred operation the top horizontal arm of the agitator is entirely submerged in the grinding elements.
  • a further essential difference is in the shape of the vessel.
  • a vessel such as disclosed in US. 2,764,359
  • the entire process and equipment of the invention of this application are designed to eliminate entirely or substantially entirely all lateral flow within the vessel so that the flow is substantially only an axial flow, either up or down, in order to provide unidirectional flow as described above.
  • the height of the vessel is limited by the necessity of maintaining the grinding elements in an activated condition throughout the entire height of the vessel. This is facilitated by introducing the fresh liquid suspension (or its components) at the bottom of the vessel and removing the resultant product from the top of the vessel.
  • the vessel may be jacketed for temperature control, if desired. Any suitable means for separating the grinding elements from the suspension of the ground material may be provided. Although such separation is ordinarily effected as the suspension is removed from the vessel, the grinding elements may be removed from the vessel with the suspension and subsequently separated from it.
  • the agitator produces a general spiral flow without lateral flow, and the main flow is vertical with little or no lateral flow. This is desirable for the reasons explained.
  • the agitator is rotated at a speed necessary to impart to the grinding elements sufiicient kinetic energy to maintain them out of static contact with one another. Excessive speed causes centrifugal impact with the walls of the vessel, which will cause undesired lateral flow.
  • the invention is described more particularly in connection with rotation of an agitator within a vessel, it is conceivable that the agitator may be stationary and the vessel rotated about it, or movement may be imparted to both the vessel and the agitator.
  • the vessel 1 illustrates a preferred type of equipment in which the diameter is 10 inches and the height is 40 inches.
  • the inlet 2 is 1 inch and any suitable pump 3 is employed.
  • the outlet 4 is 1 /2 inches in diameter.
  • the agitator 5 is rotated by any suitable means such as an electric motor (not shown).
  • the arms 6 each extend outwardly about 3 inches from the shaft 5 which is 1 /2 inches in diameter. They may be somewhat longer.
  • the sieve 7 which separates the overflowing finished suspension from the balls 8 which may be of a suitable diameter such as indicated generally in the following table.
  • OPTIMUM SIZE RANGE OF GRINDING Selection is made according to the processing to be performed. For instance, to grind coarse coal to 200 mesh, one will preferably use /8" size steel balls; for processing of 325-mesh titanium dioxide slurry to 8 N.S. fineness, one will preferably use A3" size ceramic balls.
  • /8" size steel balls for processing of 325-mesh titanium dioxide slurry to 8 N.S. fineness, one will preferably use A3" size ceramic balls.
  • the screen or sieve 7 may be arranged suitably. For instance, it may extend vertically with an overflow over all of the top edges of the vessel.
  • the ratio of the height to the diameter of the vessel which is 4:1 in the accompanying drawing, may be varied over a certain range.
  • the diameter may vary, according to the rate of production in relation to the fineness to be obtained.
  • the ratio of the height to the diameter can also vary, being such as to repress the tendency for internal circulation of the liquid in a downward direction at the center of the vessel and up at the walls; such circulation produces lateral flow which is undesirable.
  • Vessels with a height as great as five or six or more times the diameter can be employed, and the height may be as little as three times the diameter or even less.
  • Example I TITANIUM WHITE HOUSE PAINT BASE
  • the paint base was composed of the following materials:
  • composition of the foregoing formula was prepared in apparatus such as illustrated in FIGURE 1. Although the volume of the empty vessel measuring 10 inches in diameter and 40 inches high would be 13.6 gallons, the residence (meaning the total volume minus the volume of the agitator and agitating elements) was substantially 4 /2 gallons. The agitator was rotated at about r.p.m. and the foregoing formula was fed through the apparatus so that the dwell within the apparatus was about 6 minutes. In this time the particles were ground from a zero reading to 7 /2 N.S. fineness. Three-sixteenth inch porcelain balls were used.
  • This material was similarly processed to 7 /2 N.S. fineness by feeding the material to the bottom of the vessel described in Example I, at such a rate that the dwell time was 4 minutes and 45 seconds, using steel balls inch in diameter.
  • the agitator was turned at 180 r.p.m. With a conventional ball mill, using steel balls, 16 hours would be required, and for the same size Attritor as mentioned in Example I, using 7 inch steel balls, 2 hours would be required.
  • the material was processed in the same manner as described in connection with Examples I and II, except that it was ground to No. 6 N.S. fineness.
  • Example II Using inch steel balls in the equipment described in Example I, a dwell time of 20 minutes in the vessel was required. The agitator was rotated at 180 r.p.m. Eighty hours would be required to produce the same results in a conventional ball mill, and 16 hours in standard commercial equipment of the type shown in U.S. 2,764,359.
  • the materials were reduced from zero N.S. reading to the readings indicated.
  • the pigments were of quite different composition.
  • Other materials of very different properties may similarly be ground in other liquids, and the ground materials may be separated from the liquids before use.
  • the process is applicable to the production of paints, varnishes and finely ground materials to produce suspensions of other types and also to produce ground materials per se.

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Food Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Crushing And Grinding (AREA)
  • Polymerisation Methods In General (AREA)
  • Mixers Of The Rotary Stirring Type (AREA)
  • Grinding-Machine Dressing And Accessory Apparatuses (AREA)
US65796A 1960-10-28 1960-10-28 Continuous process of grinding particulate material Expired - Lifetime US3149789A (en)

Priority Applications (6)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US65796A US3149789A (en) 1960-10-28 1960-10-28 Continuous process of grinding particulate material
CH1241361A CH400734A (de) 1960-10-28 1961-10-25 Vorrichtung zum kontinuierlichen Zerteilen von in einer Flüssigkeit suspendiertem Gut
SE10669/61A SE310301B (pm) 1960-10-28 1961-10-26
GB38637/61A GB1002556A (en) 1960-10-28 1961-10-27 Process of and apparatus for processing materials suspended in liquid
ES271555A ES271555A1 (es) 1960-10-28 1961-10-27 Método, con su correspondiente aparato, para la refinación continua de materiales
FR877348A FR1312490A (fr) 1960-10-28 1961-10-28 Procédé et appareil pour le traitement continu des matières en vue notamment de leur broyage

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US65796A US3149789A (en) 1960-10-28 1960-10-28 Continuous process of grinding particulate material

Publications (1)

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US3149789A true US3149789A (en) 1964-09-22

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US65796A Expired - Lifetime US3149789A (en) 1960-10-28 1960-10-28 Continuous process of grinding particulate material

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US (1) US3149789A (pm)
CH (1) CH400734A (pm)
ES (1) ES271555A1 (pm)
FR (1) FR1312490A (pm)
GB (1) GB1002556A (pm)
SE (1) SE310301B (pm)

Cited By (33)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3229921A (en) * 1962-10-17 1966-01-18 Mitts & Merrill Shredding apparatus
US3307792A (en) * 1962-11-01 1967-03-07 British Titan Products Treatment of particulate solids
US3332628A (en) * 1963-05-23 1967-07-25 Wadham Henry Method of and apparatus for mixing, grinding, dispersing or dissolving materials comprising solid particles in a liquid
US3352500A (en) * 1964-10-07 1967-11-14 Bayer Ag Apparatus for the production of aqueous dispersions of solids insoluble in water
US3385529A (en) * 1965-11-04 1968-05-28 Us Stoneware Inc Holddown plate for comminuting apparatus
US3405874A (en) * 1964-12-19 1968-10-15 Brizon Jean Marie Annic Apparatus usable in particular for preparing paint and printing ink
US3418190A (en) * 1965-05-17 1968-12-24 Libbey Owens Ford Glass Co Method and apparatus for bedding glass plates for grinding and polishing
US3423032A (en) * 1963-08-22 1969-01-21 Us Stoneware Inc Method and apparatus for comminution
US3432109A (en) * 1964-01-18 1969-03-11 Netzsch Mas Fab Geb Machine for dispersing and comminuting flowable materials
US3527419A (en) * 1965-06-16 1970-09-08 Fritz Otto Wienert Apparatus for grinding
DE2445631A1 (de) * 1973-09-28 1975-04-10 Netzsch Maschinenfabrik Ruehrwerksmuehle
US4224354A (en) * 1978-09-22 1980-09-23 Union Process International, Inc. Method for making chocolate and chocolate flavored materials
US4225092A (en) * 1977-11-22 1980-09-30 Microprocess Ltd. Annular grinding mill
US4739938A (en) * 1986-01-14 1988-04-26 Mitsui Miike Kakoki Kabushiki Kaisha Media agitating type grinding machine
US4850541A (en) * 1987-08-24 1989-07-25 Hagy John T Comminution apparatus
US4964576A (en) * 1988-04-04 1990-10-23 Datta Rabinder S Method and apparatus for mineral matter separation
US5007589A (en) * 1987-03-26 1991-04-16 Metprotech Limited Process for simultaneously leaching and fine milling a subdivided source material
US5033682A (en) * 1987-10-20 1991-07-23 Ici Australia Operations Propreitary Limited Grinding process
AU614217B2 (en) * 1987-03-26 1991-08-22 Metprotech Pacific (Proprietary) Limited The leaching of finely milled materials
US5133506A (en) * 1990-03-07 1992-07-28 Sala International Ab Apparatus for grinding mineral products
US5167375A (en) * 1988-04-04 1992-12-01 Datta Rabinder S Apparatus for mineral matter separation
EP0587185A3 (en) * 1992-09-11 1994-09-28 Toyo Ink Mfg Co Continuous dispersing apparatus
US5361996A (en) * 1991-12-20 1994-11-08 Sala International Ab Method and arrangement for finely-grinding minerals
US5455155A (en) * 1993-04-22 1995-10-03 Eastman Kodak Company Photographic element having reduced dye stain
US5460933A (en) * 1993-04-22 1995-10-24 Eastman Kodak Company Photographic element having solid particle dispersion of oxidized developer scavenger
US5524830A (en) * 1992-09-11 1996-06-11 Toyo Ink Manufacturing Co., Ltd. Continuous dispersing apparatus
US6019300A (en) * 1996-09-03 2000-02-01 Zoz Maschinenbau Gmbh Apparatus for the high energy and/or superfine milling of solids and method of operating same
US20110309174A1 (en) * 2008-12-19 2011-12-22 Xstrata Technology Pty Ltd. Attrition mill
WO2016074545A1 (zh) * 2014-11-10 2016-05-19 张藜泷 一种超细和田玉粉体的制备方法
CN106964435A (zh) * 2017-06-01 2017-07-21 黄山加佳荧光材料有限公司 一种荧光颜料的超细粉碎方法
CN113580409A (zh) * 2021-07-05 2021-11-02 苏州宝丽迪材料科技股份有限公司 一种锦纶彩色功能复合母粒的生产方法
CN114096354A (zh) * 2020-03-27 2022-02-25 布勒股份公司 搅拌球磨机
US11344893B2 (en) * 2016-05-20 2022-05-31 Hyung Oh KIM Water treatment hydro-crusher having filter cleaning function and using friction and collision of solid particles moving in vortex

Families Citing this family (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE1227767B (de) * 1962-12-28 1966-10-27 Draiswerke Ges Mit Beschraenkt Kontinuierlich arbeitende Ruehrwerksmuehle
DE1214982B (de) * 1963-01-29 1966-04-21 Draiswerke Ges Mit Beschraenkt Anwendung einer Ruehrwerkskugelmuehle zum Feinmahlen und Belueften von Schokolademasse
DE1230657B (de) * 1963-10-12 1966-12-15 Bayer Ag Schnellaufende Ruehrwerksmuehle
DE1242990B (de) * 1965-05-24 1967-06-22 Inst Chemieanlagen Ruehrwerksmuehle
FR90527E (fr) * 1966-04-13 1967-12-29 Dispositif et procédé perfectionnés, utilisables notamment pour la préparation des peintures et des encres d'imprimerie
DE3013012A1 (de) * 1980-04-03 1981-10-08 Herberts Gmbh, 5600 Wuppertal Vorrichtung zum vermahlen feststoffhaltiger fluessiger dispersionen
EP2283916A1 (en) * 2009-08-04 2011-02-16 Bacterfield International S.A. Mixing device and method for producing a homogeneous and stable suspension

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1956293A (en) * 1927-02-23 1934-04-24 American Anode Inc Process of and apparatus for producing liquid dispersions
US2764359A (en) * 1950-05-24 1956-09-25 Szegvari Andrew Treatment of liquid systems and apparatus therefor
US2779752A (en) * 1953-11-18 1957-01-29 Du Pont Apparatus for chemical reactions passing through viscous phase
US2855156A (en) * 1956-04-05 1958-10-07 Du Pont Process of and apparatus for dispersing pigments in film-forming materials by agitation with sand

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1956293A (en) * 1927-02-23 1934-04-24 American Anode Inc Process of and apparatus for producing liquid dispersions
US2764359A (en) * 1950-05-24 1956-09-25 Szegvari Andrew Treatment of liquid systems and apparatus therefor
US2779752A (en) * 1953-11-18 1957-01-29 Du Pont Apparatus for chemical reactions passing through viscous phase
US2855156A (en) * 1956-04-05 1958-10-07 Du Pont Process of and apparatus for dispersing pigments in film-forming materials by agitation with sand

Cited By (36)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3229921A (en) * 1962-10-17 1966-01-18 Mitts & Merrill Shredding apparatus
US3307792A (en) * 1962-11-01 1967-03-07 British Titan Products Treatment of particulate solids
US3332628A (en) * 1963-05-23 1967-07-25 Wadham Henry Method of and apparatus for mixing, grinding, dispersing or dissolving materials comprising solid particles in a liquid
US3423032A (en) * 1963-08-22 1969-01-21 Us Stoneware Inc Method and apparatus for comminution
US3432109A (en) * 1964-01-18 1969-03-11 Netzsch Mas Fab Geb Machine for dispersing and comminuting flowable materials
US3352500A (en) * 1964-10-07 1967-11-14 Bayer Ag Apparatus for the production of aqueous dispersions of solids insoluble in water
US3405874A (en) * 1964-12-19 1968-10-15 Brizon Jean Marie Annic Apparatus usable in particular for preparing paint and printing ink
US3418190A (en) * 1965-05-17 1968-12-24 Libbey Owens Ford Glass Co Method and apparatus for bedding glass plates for grinding and polishing
US3527419A (en) * 1965-06-16 1970-09-08 Fritz Otto Wienert Apparatus for grinding
US3385529A (en) * 1965-11-04 1968-05-28 Us Stoneware Inc Holddown plate for comminuting apparatus
DE2445631A1 (de) * 1973-09-28 1975-04-10 Netzsch Maschinenfabrik Ruehrwerksmuehle
US4225092A (en) * 1977-11-22 1980-09-30 Microprocess Ltd. Annular grinding mill
US4224354A (en) * 1978-09-22 1980-09-23 Union Process International, Inc. Method for making chocolate and chocolate flavored materials
US4739938A (en) * 1986-01-14 1988-04-26 Mitsui Miike Kakoki Kabushiki Kaisha Media agitating type grinding machine
AU614217B2 (en) * 1987-03-26 1991-08-22 Metprotech Pacific (Proprietary) Limited The leaching of finely milled materials
US5007589A (en) * 1987-03-26 1991-04-16 Metprotech Limited Process for simultaneously leaching and fine milling a subdivided source material
US4850541A (en) * 1987-08-24 1989-07-25 Hagy John T Comminution apparatus
US5033682A (en) * 1987-10-20 1991-07-23 Ici Australia Operations Propreitary Limited Grinding process
US4964576A (en) * 1988-04-04 1990-10-23 Datta Rabinder S Method and apparatus for mineral matter separation
US5167375A (en) * 1988-04-04 1992-12-01 Datta Rabinder S Apparatus for mineral matter separation
EP0469195A1 (en) * 1989-08-11 1992-02-05 Rabinder S. Datta Method and apparatus for mineral matter separation
US5133506A (en) * 1990-03-07 1992-07-28 Sala International Ab Apparatus for grinding mineral products
US5361996A (en) * 1991-12-20 1994-11-08 Sala International Ab Method and arrangement for finely-grinding minerals
EP0587185A3 (en) * 1992-09-11 1994-09-28 Toyo Ink Mfg Co Continuous dispersing apparatus
US5524830A (en) * 1992-09-11 1996-06-11 Toyo Ink Manufacturing Co., Ltd. Continuous dispersing apparatus
US5460933A (en) * 1993-04-22 1995-10-24 Eastman Kodak Company Photographic element having solid particle dispersion of oxidized developer scavenger
US5455155A (en) * 1993-04-22 1995-10-03 Eastman Kodak Company Photographic element having reduced dye stain
US6019300A (en) * 1996-09-03 2000-02-01 Zoz Maschinenbau Gmbh Apparatus for the high energy and/or superfine milling of solids and method of operating same
US20110309174A1 (en) * 2008-12-19 2011-12-22 Xstrata Technology Pty Ltd. Attrition mill
US9675978B2 (en) * 2008-12-19 2017-06-13 Xstrata Technology Pty Ltd Attrition mill
WO2016074545A1 (zh) * 2014-11-10 2016-05-19 张藜泷 一种超细和田玉粉体的制备方法
US11344893B2 (en) * 2016-05-20 2022-05-31 Hyung Oh KIM Water treatment hydro-crusher having filter cleaning function and using friction and collision of solid particles moving in vortex
CN106964435A (zh) * 2017-06-01 2017-07-21 黄山加佳荧光材料有限公司 一种荧光颜料的超细粉碎方法
CN114096354A (zh) * 2020-03-27 2022-02-25 布勒股份公司 搅拌球磨机
CN114096354B (zh) * 2020-03-27 2023-08-15 布勒股份公司 搅拌球磨机
CN113580409A (zh) * 2021-07-05 2021-11-02 苏州宝丽迪材料科技股份有限公司 一种锦纶彩色功能复合母粒的生产方法

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
GB1002556A (en) 1965-08-25
CH400734A (de) 1965-10-15
FR1312490A (fr) 1962-12-21
SE310301B (pm) 1969-04-21
ES271555A1 (es) 1962-03-01

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