US3147148A - Method of removing a silver and phenolformaldehyde resin paint from an article - Google Patents
Method of removing a silver and phenolformaldehyde resin paint from an article Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US3147148A US3147148A US219978A US21997862A US3147148A US 3147148 A US3147148 A US 3147148A US 219978 A US219978 A US 219978A US 21997862 A US21997862 A US 21997862A US 3147148 A US3147148 A US 3147148A
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- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- resin
- silver
- resistors
- hours
- remove
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims description 26
- 239000004332 silver Substances 0.000 title claims description 26
- 239000003973 paint Substances 0.000 title claims description 23
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 14
- 229920001568 phenolic resin Polymers 0.000 title description 18
- KXGFMDJXCMQABM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methoxy-6-methylphenol Chemical compound [CH]OC1=CC=CC([CH])=C1O KXGFMDJXCMQABM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title description 14
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 claims description 23
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 claims description 23
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 16
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitric acid Chemical compound O[N+]([O-])=O GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 15
- 229910017604 nitric acid Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000005708 Sodium hypochlorite Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- SUKJFIGYRHOWBL-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium hypochlorite Chemical compound [Na+].Cl[O-] SUKJFIGYRHOWBL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- SQGYOTSLMSWVJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N silver(1+) nitrate Chemical compound [Ag+].[O-]N(=O)=O SQGYOTSLMSWVJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 229910001961 silver nitrate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000001413 cellular effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silver Chemical compound [Ag] BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 23
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 description 4
- SLGWESQGEUXWJQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N formaldehyde;phenol Chemical compound O=C.OC1=CC=CC=C1 SLGWESQGEUXWJQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000002950 deficient Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 2
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical group C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000000717 retained effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007654 immersion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002386 leaching Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J9/00—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof
- C08J9/26—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof by elimination of a solid phase from a macromolecular composition or article, e.g. leaching out
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
- C09D9/00—Chemical paint or ink removers
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01C—RESISTORS
- H01C17/00—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing resistors
- H01C17/06—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing resistors adapted for coating resistive material on a base
- H01C17/065—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing resistors adapted for coating resistive material on a base by thick film techniques, e.g. serigraphy
- H01C17/06506—Precursor compositions therefor, e.g. pastes, inks, glass frits
- H01C17/06573—Precursor compositions therefor, e.g. pastes, inks, glass frits characterised by the permanent binder
- H01C17/06586—Precursor compositions therefor, e.g. pastes, inks, glass frits characterised by the permanent binder composed of organic material
Definitions
- This invention relates to a method of removing a dried paint consisting of silver and a phenol-formaldehyde resin from an article, and more particularly to methods of removing such paint from deposited carbon resistors.
- a general object of the invention is to provide a new and improved method of such character.
- a coating of carbon having a controlled thickness is deposited on the surface of a cylindrical ceramic core by the decomposition of methane gas.
- a conductive paint is then applied to the ends of the resistors and baked on.
- This paint commonly includes a nonvolatile content consisting of about 80 to 92% by weight particulate silver with the balance being a phenol-formaldehyde resin.
- the resistors produced sometimes fail to meet qualitative standards because either the silver and phenol-formaldehyde coating or the deposited carbon coating is imperfect. Since both the ceramic cores and the carbon film deposited thereon are expensive it is highly desirable and advantageous to remove the baked silver and phenol-formaldehyde resin paint and reuse the cores when either the conductive coating or the carbon coating is faulty.
- another object of the invention is to provide a method of removing a dried paint consisting of silver and a phenol-formaldehyde resin from deposited carbon resistors in order to enable the reuse of the cores.
- a further object of the invention is to provide a method of removing a dried paint consisting of silver and a phenol-formaldehyde resin from deposited carbon resistors which requires a minimum of labor and which uses chemical ingredients which are economical, eflicient and readily obtainable.
- the method includes immersing the article in a solution of nitric acid to dissolve the silver and immersing the article in an aqueous solution of sodium hypochlorite to remove the resin from the article.
- the first solution consists of concentrated nitric acid and the second solution consists of dilute sodium hypochlorite and the article is washed after immersion in the first solution to remove the nitric acid and the resulting silver nitrate.
- the silver entered into solution as silver nitrate and was leached from the bake paint so as to leave the resin in a cellulated, irregularly honeycombed condition.
- the silver was dissolved out of the baked paint.
- the resistors were allowed to remain immersed for about 14 additional hours to further loosen and cellulate the resin.
- the nitric acid was then removed and retained, and the resistors were washed with water, as at 2, to remove the acid, silver nitrate and any loose resin. Subsequently, the resistors were completely immersed, as at 3, in a 5 to 10% by weight aqueous solution of sodium hypochlorite. After about 4 hours, most of the resin was removed. The resistors were allowed to remain immersed for about 12 additional hours to effect complete removal of the resin. The solution of sodium hypochlorite was then re moved and retained. Subsequently, the resistors were washed thoroughly with water, as at 4, and dried, as at 5, in an oven at to C.
- sodium hypochlorite is considered a relatively non-reactive agent at a dilute concentration and a low temperature, and would be expected to have little elfect on a phenol-formaldehyde resin.
- a dilute solution of sodium hypochlorite at room temperature does remove the resin effectively and efficiently.
- honeycombed condition produced in the resin accounts for the success of an unheated and dilute solution of sodium hypochlorite. More specifically, it is believed that the honeycombed condition allows the sodium hypochlorite to contact and react with a much larger and thinner area of resin than if the resin were a non-cellulate mass.
- relatively simple, readily obtainable and inexpensive chemicals can be used to remove the resin and without having to be heated.
- the time required to clean the resistors depends on the thickness and composition of the silver and phenolformaldehyde paint and the strength of reagents. It has been found that in the case of typical resistor terminals the silver is removed by the first solution after about two hours, and the phenol-formaldehyde is removed by the second solution after about four hours.
- Both the nitric acid and the sodium hypochlorite may be reused until they fail to clean properly.
- Their usable life is, obviously, a function of the size and quantity of the articles to be cleaned, the quantity and character of the silver and resin paint to be removed, and the quantity of nitric acid and of sodium hypochlorite used. It is, of course, required that the article, from which the dried paint is to be removed, be of such material that it is relatively inert to the two reagents used.
- the method of removing a dried paint consisting of about 80 to 92% by weight metallic silver and about 20 to 8% by weight of a phenol-formaldehyde resin from deposited carbon resistors which comprises:
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
- Apparatuses And Processes For Manufacturing Resistors (AREA)
Description
Sept. 1, 1964 J, R. GOODIN 3,147,148
METHOD OF REMOVING A SILVER AND PHENOL-FORMALDEHYDE RESIN PAINT FROM AN ARTICLE Filed Aug. 28, 1962 N \TQIC ACID 2 WASH 3 SOD\UM HYPOCHLOEWE 4 WASH 5 DEY \NVENTOE OODIN ATTORNEY United States Patent Ofitice 3,147,148 Patented Sept. 1, 1964 3,147,148 METHGD F REMOVING A SILVER AND PHENOL- FORMALDEHYDE RESEN PAINT FROM AN ARTICLE Jim R. Goodin, Gklahoma City, Okla, assignor to Western Electric Company, Incorporated, New York, N.Y., a corporation of New York Filed Aug. 28, 1962, Ser. No. 21%,978 2 Claims. (Cl. 134-28) This invention relates to a method of removing a dried paint consisting of silver and a phenol-formaldehyde resin from an article, and more particularly to methods of removing such paint from deposited carbon resistors. A general object of the invention is to provide a new and improved method of such character.
In the manufacture of deposited carbon resistors, a coating of carbon having a controlled thickness is deposited on the surface of a cylindrical ceramic core by the decomposition of methane gas. To permit electrical connection, a conductive paint is then applied to the ends of the resistors and baked on. This paint commonly includes a nonvolatile content consisting of about 80 to 92% by weight particulate silver with the balance being a phenol-formaldehyde resin. In the practice of this manufacturing process, the resistors produced sometimes fail to meet qualitative standards because either the silver and phenol-formaldehyde coating or the deposited carbon coating is imperfect. Since both the ceramic cores and the carbon film deposited thereon are expensive it is highly desirable and advantageous to remove the baked silver and phenol-formaldehyde resin paint and reuse the cores when either the conductive coating or the carbon coating is faulty.
When deposited carbon resistors are manufactured in large quantities by techniques of mass production, the number of units rejected for failure to meet qualitative standards may also be large. Therefore, in removing the baked silver and phenol-formaldehyde resin paint from defective resistors to reclaim the cores, it is important to use a method which is economical as Well as elfective. The method should require a minimum of labor and should use chemical ingredients which are economical and readily obtainable.
Accordingly, another object of the invention is to provide a method of removing a dried paint consisting of silver and a phenol-formaldehyde resin from deposited carbon resistors in order to enable the reuse of the cores.
A further object of the invention is to provide a method of removing a dried paint consisting of silver and a phenol-formaldehyde resin from deposited carbon resistors which requires a minimum of labor and which uses chemical ingredients which are economical, eflicient and readily obtainable.
In accordance with the invention, the method includes immersing the article in a solution of nitric acid to dissolve the silver and immersing the article in an aqueous solution of sodium hypochlorite to remove the resin from the article. Preferably, the first solution consists of concentrated nitric acid and the second solution consists of dilute sodium hypochlorite and the article is washed after immersion in the first solution to remove the nitric acid and the resulting silver nitrate.
This invention, together with furher objects and ad vantages thereof, will best be understood by reference to the following description of a specific example thereof taken in connection with the accompanying drawing. The single figure in the drawing is a flow diagram for articles from which dried paint consisting of silver and a phenolformaldehyde resin is to be removed in accordance with one embodiment of the invention.
Example A large quantity of defective deposited carbon resistors coated with a baked paint consisting of about 86% metallic silver and about 14% of a phenol-formaldehyde resin binder was completely immersed, as at 1, in a solution of concentrated nitric acid. In the resulting reaction, the silver entered into solution as silver nitrate and was leached from the bake paint so as to leave the resin in a cellulated, irregularly honeycombed condition. After about two hours, the silver was dissolved out of the baked paint. The resistors were allowed to remain immersed for about 14 additional hours to further loosen and cellulate the resin.
The nitric acid was then removed and retained, and the resistors were washed with water, as at 2, to remove the acid, silver nitrate and any loose resin. Subsequently, the resistors were completely immersed, as at 3, in a 5 to 10% by weight aqueous solution of sodium hypochlorite. After about 4 hours, most of the resin was removed. The resistors were allowed to remain immersed for about 12 additional hours to effect complete removal of the resin. The solution of sodium hypochlorite was then re moved and retained. Subsequently, the resistors were washed thoroughly with water, as at 4, and dried, as at 5, in an oven at to C.
Ordinarily, sodium hypochlorite is considered a relatively non-reactive agent at a dilute concentration and a low temperature, and would be expected to have little elfect on a phenol-formaldehyde resin. However, contrary to expectations, a dilute solution of sodium hypochlorite at room temperature does remove the resin effectively and efficiently.
It is believed that the honeycombed condition produced in the resin as a result of the leaching out of the silver from the baked paint by the nitric acid accounts for the success of an unheated and dilute solution of sodium hypochlorite. More specifically, it is believed that the honeycombed condition allows the sodium hypochlorite to contact and react with a much larger and thinner area of resin than if the resin were a non-cellulate mass. Thus, relatively simple, readily obtainable and inexpensive chemicals can be used to remove the resin and without having to be heated.
Examination of the treated resistors showed the baked silver and phenol-formaldehyde resin paint to have been substantially removed so as to present a clean carbon surface. The resistors were then suitable for repainting or, if the carbon coating were defective, were ready for heating in an oxygen atmosphere to remove the carbon.
Neither the solution of nitric acid nor the solution of sodium hypochlorite require heating. Although the speed of the reactions can be increased by heating the reagents, such heating would require unnecessary time and labor and would also tend to reduce the usable life of the reagents.
The time required to clean the resistors depends on the thickness and composition of the silver and phenolformaldehyde paint and the strength of reagents. It has been found that in the case of typical resistor terminals the silver is removed by the first solution after about two hours, and the phenol-formaldehyde is removed by the second solution after about four hours.
Both the nitric acid and the sodium hypochlorite may be reused until they fail to clean properly. Their usable life is, obviously, a function of the size and quantity of the articles to be cleaned, the quantity and character of the silver and resin paint to be removed, and the quantity of nitric acid and of sodium hypochlorite used. It is, of course, required that the article, from which the dried paint is to be removed, be of such material that it is relatively inert to the two reagents used.
While various embodiments and examples of the invention have been disclosed, many modifications will be apparent, and it is intended that the invention be interpreted as including all modifications which fall within the true spirit and scope of the invention.
What is claimed is:
1. The method of removing a dried paint consisting of about 80 to 92% by weight metallic silver and about 20 to 8% by weight of a phenol-formaldehyde resin from deposited carbon resistors, which comprises:
immersing the resistors in an unheated solution of concentrated nitric acid for a period of at least 2 hours but not in excess of 16 hours to remove the silver from the resin such that the resin is a cellular mass; Washing the resistors to remove the nitric acid, and the resulting silver nitrate and loosened resin; and
immersing the resistors in an unheated aqueous solution of 5 to 10% by weight sodium hypochlorite for at least 4 hours but not in excess of 16 hours to remove the cellulated resin from the resistor.
2. The method of removing a dried paint consisting of about 80 to 92% by weight metallic silver and about 20 to 8% by weight of a phenol-formaldehyde resin from deposited carbon resistors, which comprises:
immersing the resistors in an unheated solution of con- 4 centrated nitric acid for a period of 16 hours to remove the silver from the resin such that the resin is a cellular mass; Washing the resistors to remove the nitric acid, and the resulting silver nitrate and loosened resin; and immersing the resistors in an unheated aqueous solution of 5 to 10% by weight sodium hypochlorite for a period of 16 hours to remove cellulated resin from the resistor.
References Cited in the file of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS 1,994,633 Boyd Mar. 19, 1935 2,208,294 Hempel July 16, 1940 2,572,576 Stybel Oct. 23, 1951 2,637,670 Brown et al. May 5, 1953 3,047,508 Fuentes July 31, 1962 FOREIGN PATENTS 834,707 Great Britain May 11, 1960 OTHER REFERENCES Handbook of Plastics, Simonds and Ellis, 1943, D. Van Nostrand C0., Inc. NY. (table on page 36 relied on).
Claims (1)
1. THE METHOD OF REMOVING A DRIED PAINT CONSISTING OF ABOUT 80 TO 92% BY WEIGHT METALLIC SILVER AND ABOUT 20 TO 8% BY WEIGHT OF A PHENOL-FORMALDEYDE RESIN FROM DEPOSITED CARBON RESISTORS, WHICH COMPRISES: IMMERSING THE RESISTORS IN AN UNHEATED SOLUTION OF CONCENTRATED NITRIC ACID FOR A PERIOD OF AT LEAST 2 HOURS BUT NOT IN EXCESS OF 16 HOURS TO REMOVE THE SILVER FROM THE RESIN SUCH THAT THE RESIN IS A CELLULAR MASS; WASHING THE RESISTORS TO REMOVE THE NITRIC ACID, AND THE RESULTING SILVER NITRATE AND LOOSENED RESIN; AND IMMERSING THE RESISTORS IN AN UNHEATED AQUEOUS SOLUTION OF 5 TO 10% BY WEIGHT SODIUM HYPOCHLORITE FOR AT LEAST 4 HOURS BUT NOT IN EXCESS OF 16 HOURS TO REMOVE THE CELLULATED RESIN FROM THE RESISTOR.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US219978A US3147148A (en) | 1962-08-28 | 1962-08-28 | Method of removing a silver and phenolformaldehyde resin paint from an article |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US219978A US3147148A (en) | 1962-08-28 | 1962-08-28 | Method of removing a silver and phenolformaldehyde resin paint from an article |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| US3147148A true US3147148A (en) | 1964-09-01 |
Family
ID=22821529
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| US219978A Expired - Lifetime US3147148A (en) | 1962-08-28 | 1962-08-28 | Method of removing a silver and phenolformaldehyde resin paint from an article |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US3147148A (en) |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3524768A (en) * | 1964-05-29 | 1970-08-18 | Hitachi Chemical Co Ltd | Method of treating plastic film for electric insulation |
| US5509968A (en) * | 1994-02-03 | 1996-04-23 | New York Society For The Ruptured And Crippled Maintaining The Hospital For Special Surgery | Decontamination of orthopaedic implants |
| US5716454A (en) * | 1994-02-03 | 1998-02-10 | New York Society For The Ruptured And Crippled Maintaining The Hospital For Special Surgery | Decontamination of devices and instruments contacted with body tissues |
Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US1994633A (en) * | 1933-11-29 | 1935-03-19 | Boyd Samuel Smith | Solution and method for removing silver from the back of mirrors |
| US2208294A (en) * | 1939-11-22 | 1940-07-16 | Heresite & Chemical Company | Stripping process |
| US2572576A (en) * | 1947-06-11 | 1951-10-23 | Stybel Anthony John | Process of cleaning emulsions off films |
| US2637670A (en) * | 1947-01-17 | 1953-05-05 | Turco Products Inc | Process for the stripping of mirror backing |
| GB834707A (en) * | 1957-09-02 | 1960-05-11 | Rolls Royce | Removing resin from aluminium and aluminium alloy surfaces |
| US3047508A (en) * | 1960-02-26 | 1962-07-31 | Fuentes Daniel | Metal cleaning composition |
-
1962
- 1962-08-28 US US219978A patent/US3147148A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Patent Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US1994633A (en) * | 1933-11-29 | 1935-03-19 | Boyd Samuel Smith | Solution and method for removing silver from the back of mirrors |
| US2208294A (en) * | 1939-11-22 | 1940-07-16 | Heresite & Chemical Company | Stripping process |
| US2637670A (en) * | 1947-01-17 | 1953-05-05 | Turco Products Inc | Process for the stripping of mirror backing |
| US2572576A (en) * | 1947-06-11 | 1951-10-23 | Stybel Anthony John | Process of cleaning emulsions off films |
| GB834707A (en) * | 1957-09-02 | 1960-05-11 | Rolls Royce | Removing resin from aluminium and aluminium alloy surfaces |
| US3047508A (en) * | 1960-02-26 | 1962-07-31 | Fuentes Daniel | Metal cleaning composition |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3524768A (en) * | 1964-05-29 | 1970-08-18 | Hitachi Chemical Co Ltd | Method of treating plastic film for electric insulation |
| US5509968A (en) * | 1994-02-03 | 1996-04-23 | New York Society For The Ruptured And Crippled Maintaining The Hospital For Special Surgery | Decontamination of orthopaedic implants |
| US5716454A (en) * | 1994-02-03 | 1998-02-10 | New York Society For The Ruptured And Crippled Maintaining The Hospital For Special Surgery | Decontamination of devices and instruments contacted with body tissues |
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