US3146711A - Shaped charge with rotational insert - Google Patents

Shaped charge with rotational insert Download PDF

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Publication number
US3146711A
US3146711A US814642A US81464259A US3146711A US 3146711 A US3146711 A US 3146711A US 814642 A US814642 A US 814642A US 81464259 A US81464259 A US 81464259A US 3146711 A US3146711 A US 3146711A
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insert
cone
charge
shaped
explosive
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US814642A
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Schaadt Franz
Renner Hermann
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    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42BEXPLOSIVE CHARGES, e.g. FOR BLASTING, FIREWORKS, AMMUNITION
    • F42B1/00Explosive charges characterised by form or shape but not dependent on shape of container
    • F42B1/02Shaped or hollow charges
    • F42B1/028Shaped or hollow charges characterised by the form of the liner
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42BEXPLOSIVE CHARGES, e.g. FOR BLASTING, FIREWORKS, AMMUNITION
    • F42B1/00Explosive charges characterised by form or shape but not dependent on shape of container
    • F42B1/02Shaped or hollow charges

Definitions

  • This invention relates to an explosive device having means for propelling and effecting the rotation of an insert.
  • an explosive device includes a hollow charge having an insert on which, by means of the arrangement of the explosive, a tangential component of velocity is impressed upon detonation of the explosive charge such that the insert is caused to rotate as it is propelled.
  • the tangential component of velocity may be created by suitably shaping the insert or by suitably shaping the front of the blast wave produced when the explosive charge is detonated.
  • the propelled insert can then be used in numerous ways for both military and also civil purposes, namely:
  • FIG. 1 shows a diagram to explain the rotational effect by reference to a plan view of an insert consisting of a stepped cone having six steps in which the external surfaces of the stepped cone are bounded by arcs of circles.
  • FIG. 2 shows a diagram corresponding to FIG. 1 but with the surfaces of the stepped cone bounded by spirals
  • FIGS. 3 and 4 show an insert in the form of a stepped cone of a non-rotating hollow charge with the neighbouring portions after the charge has been detonated, FIG. 3 being a longitudinal section and FIG. 4 a plan,
  • FIGS. 5 and 6 show a hollow charge, with a secondary projectile mounted inside the insert, which has the shape of a stepped cone, before the detonation, in side view and plan, and
  • FIGS. 7 and 8 show a hollow charge corresponding to FIG. 5 during two stages after detonation.
  • the insert 1 is provided with six steps a to 1 similar to a ratchet wheel, the steps being bounded by circular arcs 2.
  • the edges of the separate steps connecting them to the apex of the cone have been omitted to assist clarity of the drawing.
  • the position is the 3,145,711 Patented Sept. 1, 1964 same except that here the surfaces 12 bounding the insert 13 form part of a spiral or helix.
  • This has the advantage that practically every particle moves in a direction tangential to the circle 7a resulting in a more homogenous process.
  • FIG. 3 shows a solid elongated spike like member 15 and striker 16 attached to an insert 14. Due to the fact that the insert 14 has the form of a stepped cone, the spike 15 and the striker 16 are set in rotation.
  • the insert may be a spiral cone which may be considered to be formed by winding the insert of FIGS. 1 and 2 to produce spiral steps, the edges of which have an angle of twist other than zero.
  • This type of insert can be made by winding a strip of sheet metal.
  • the insert may comprise a normal circular cone and the tangential component of velocity produced by detonation of a suitably shaped explosive capsule inserted in the explosive charge, the capsule having a speed of detonation which differs from that of the normal explosive charge.
  • An additional explosive capsule having a lens shape may also be provided, this additional capsule also having a speed of detonation which differs from that of the normal explosive charge.
  • FIGS. 5 to 7 The effect obtainable by virtue of the rotation according to the invention is illustrated in FIGS. 5 to 7; here the insert 17 has the shape of a truncated stepped cone inside which a secondary projectile 18 is located and which is firmly attached to the insert 17.
  • the projectile 18 is provided with grooves or rifling 19 in order to offer a more effective surface to the particles approaching it tangentially upon detonation.
  • the grooves 19 make an angle 20 with the longitudinal centre line of the projectile.
  • 21 designates the usual explosive charge and 22 the fuse.
  • the outer shell of the hollow charge is shown at 23.
  • a hollow charge explosive device comprising a casing with an explosive charge with a hollow space in the explosive charge, a substantially funnel-shaped inert longitudinally disposed in the device to serve as a lining for the hollow space, said insert having Working surfaces which are so shaped that during the detonation of the explosive charge a tangential component of force is imparted by the detonation pressure to the parts of the material of the insert to cause the insert to rotate as it is propelled, said insert being shaped as a stepped cone having surface steps, as viewed in cross-section in a plane at right angles to the longitudinal axis of the cone, interconnected with curved boundary lines as generating surfaces, the curvatures of the boundary lines being so arranged and so formed that their centers follow each other on a circle around the longitudinal axis of the cone, a projectile provided in the insert and which is an elongated spike-like object, and at least part of the surface of the insert is provided with grooves having an angle of twist.
  • a hollow charge explosive device comprising a casing with an explosive charge with a hollow space in the explosive charge, a substantially funnel-shaped insert longitudinally disposed in the device to serve as a lining for the hollow space, said insert having working surfaces which are so shaped that during the detonation of the explosive charge a tangential component of force is imparted by the detonation pressure to the parts of the material of the insert to cause the insert to rotate as it is propelled, said insert being shaped as a stepped cone having surface steps, as viewed in cross-section in a plane at right angles to the longitudinal axis of the cone, interconnected with curved boundary lines as generating surfaces, the curvatures of the boundary lines being so arranged and so formed that their centers follow each other on a circle around the longitudinal axis of the cone, a projectile provided in the insert and which is an elongated spike-like object, and at least part of the surface of the insert is provided with roughed portions having an angle of twist.
  • a hollow charge explosive device comprising a casing with an explosive charge therein, with a hollow space in the explosive charge, a substantially funnel-shaped insert longitudinally disposed in the device to serve as a lining for the hollow space, said insert having working surfaces which are so shaped that during the detonation of the explosive charge a tangential component of force is imparted by the detonation pressure to the parts of the material of the insert to cause the insert to rotate as it is propelled, said insert being shaped as a cone of a stepped spiral form having surface steps, as viewed in cross-section in a plane at right angles to the longitudinal axis of the cone, interconnected with curved boundary lines as generating surfaces so that the centers of the curvatures follow each other on a circle around the longitudinal axis ll. of the cone, a projectile provided in the insert and which is an elongated spike-like object, and at least part of the surface of the insert is provided with grooves having an angle of twist.
  • a hollow charge explosive device comprising a casing with an explosive charge therein, with a hollow space in the explosive charge, a substantially funnel-shaped insert longitudinally disposed in the device to serve as a lining for the hollow space, said insert having working surfaces which are so shaped that during the detonation of the explosive charge a tangential component of force is imparted by the detonation pressure to the parts of the material of the insert to cause the insert to rotate as it is propelled, said insert being shaped as a cone of a stepped spiral form having surface steps, as viewed in cross-section in a plane at right angles to the longitudinal axis of the cone, interconnected with curved boundary lines as generating surfaces so that the centers of the curvatures follow each other on a circle around the longitudinal axis of the cone, a projectile provided in the insert and which is an elongated spike-like object, and at least part of the surface of the insert is provided with roughed portions having an angle of twist.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Drilling And Exploitation, And Mining Machines And Methods (AREA)
  • Portable Nailing Machines And Staplers (AREA)
  • Aiming, Guidance, Guns With A Light Source, Armor, Camouflage, And Targets (AREA)

Description

Sept. 1, 1964 Filed May 20, 1959 F. SCHAADT ETAL 3,146,711
SHAPED CHARGE WITH ROTATIONAL INSERT 3 Sheets-Sheet 1 Inventors $5.4 X44... m1
(a/whim Kla waz. M, y/wz q man Sept. 1, 1964 F. SCHAADT ETAL 3,146,711
SHAPED CHARGE WITH ROTATIONAL INSERT Filed May 20, 1959 3 Sheets-Sheet 2 [vi enters M jAda 4 v p 1954 F. SCHAADT ETAL SHAPED CHARGE WITH ROTATIONAL INSERT 5 Sheets-Sheet 3 Filed May 20, 1959 United States Patent Ofiice This invention relates to an explosive device having means for propelling and effecting the rotation of an insert.
According to the present invention, an explosive device includes a hollow charge having an insert on which, by means of the arrangement of the explosive, a tangential component of velocity is impressed upon detonation of the explosive charge such that the insert is caused to rotate as it is propelled.
The tangential component of velocity may be created by suitably shaping the insert or by suitably shaping the front of the blast wave produced when the explosive charge is detonated.
The propelled insert can then be used in numerous ways for both military and also civil purposes, namely:
(a) Directly as a combat weapon, for example as an incendiary projectile for use against fast missiles, low flying aircraft, armoured vehicles and the like;
b) Indirectly to accelerate and stabilize other objects, for example projectiles contained inside the insert. A rotation is in this way obtained according to the invention which not only imparts to the said projectiles a high starting velocity which could not be achieved in any other manner, but which gives them also the spin which is necessary for stable free flight;
(c) For many purposes of non-military engineering, for example blasting and enlarging holes into rock and other hard materials, particularly holes of larger diameters.
Embodiments of the invention will now be described, by way of example only, with reference to the accompanying drawings, of which,
FIG. 1 shows a diagram to explain the rotational effect by reference to a plan view of an insert consisting of a stepped cone having six steps in which the external surfaces of the stepped cone are bounded by arcs of circles.
FIG. 2 shows a diagram corresponding to FIG. 1 but with the surfaces of the stepped cone bounded by spirals,
FIGS. 3 and 4 show an insert in the form of a stepped cone of a non-rotating hollow charge with the neighbouring portions after the charge has been detonated, FIG. 3 being a longitudinal section and FIG. 4 a plan,
FIGS. 5 and 6 show a hollow charge, with a secondary projectile mounted inside the insert, which has the shape of a stepped cone, before the detonation, in side view and plan, and
FIGS. 7 and 8 show a hollow charge corresponding to FIG. 5 during two stages after detonation.
As shown in FIG. 1 the insert 1 is provided with six steps a to 1 similar to a ratchet wheel, the steps being bounded by circular arcs 2. The edges of the separate steps connecting them to the apex of the cone have been omitted to assist clarity of the drawing.
When the explosive charge is detonated the separate particles 3 of the insert travel in the direction of the arrows 4. These arrows converge towards the centre of curvature of the relevant circular are as indicated at 5. The resultant of these arrows is therefore represented approximately by the arrow 6, i.e. approximately tangential to the circle 7a and accordingly a rotational effect is imparted as represented by the arrows 6 to 11.
In the embodiment shown in FIG. 2 the position is the 3,145,711 Patented Sept. 1, 1964 same except that here the surfaces 12 bounding the insert 13 form part of a spiral or helix. This has the advantage that practically every particle moves in a direction tangential to the circle 7a resulting in a more homogenous process.
FIG. 3 shows a solid elongated spike like member 15 and striker 16 attached to an insert 14. Due to the fact that the insert 14 has the form of a stepped cone, the spike 15 and the striker 16 are set in rotation.
Instead of a stepped cone, it is possible to use any one of the other shapes of insert disclosed in application Serial No. 791,882, filed February 9, 1959, now abandoned, in order to produce a tangential velocity component and hence a rotational effect.
For example, the insert may be a spiral cone which may be considered to be formed by winding the insert of FIGS. 1 and 2 to produce spiral steps, the edges of which have an angle of twist other than zero. This type of insert can be made by winding a strip of sheet metal.
Alternatively, as described in application Serial No. 791,882, filed February 9, 1959, now abandoned, the insert may comprise a normal circular cone and the tangential component of velocity produced by detonation of a suitably shaped explosive capsule inserted in the explosive charge, the capsule having a speed of detonation which differs from that of the normal explosive charge. An additional explosive capsule having a lens shape may also be provided, this additional capsule also having a speed of detonation which differs from that of the normal explosive charge.
The effect obtainable by virtue of the rotation according to the invention is illustrated in FIGS. 5 to 7; here the insert 17 has the shape of a truncated stepped cone inside which a secondary projectile 18 is located and which is firmly attached to the insert 17. The projectile 18 is provided with grooves or rifling 19 in order to offer a more effective surface to the particles approaching it tangentially upon detonation. The grooves 19 make an angle 20 with the longitudinal centre line of the projectile. 21 designates the usual explosive charge and 22 the fuse. The outer shell of the hollow charge is shown at 23.
As will be seen on comparing FIGS. 5, 6 and 7, in addition to the spinning velocity 24 a high axial acceleration in the direction of the arrow 25 is also impressed upon the secondary projectile 18 when the charge 21 is detonated so that there are quite new possibilities, both military and non-military, for the hollow charge as described above, in which the temperature of the effective rotating solid jet is probably also of considerable significance.
What we claim is:
1. A hollow charge explosive device comprising a casing with an explosive charge with a hollow space in the explosive charge, a substantially funnel-shaped inert longitudinally disposed in the device to serve as a lining for the hollow space, said insert having Working surfaces which are so shaped that during the detonation of the explosive charge a tangential component of force is imparted by the detonation pressure to the parts of the material of the insert to cause the insert to rotate as it is propelled, said insert being shaped as a stepped cone having surface steps, as viewed in cross-section in a plane at right angles to the longitudinal axis of the cone, interconnected with curved boundary lines as generating surfaces, the curvatures of the boundary lines being so arranged and so formed that their centers follow each other on a circle around the longitudinal axis of the cone, a projectile provided in the insert and which is an elongated spike-like object, and at least part of the surface of the insert is provided with grooves having an angle of twist.
2. A hollow charge explosive device comprising a casing with an explosive charge with a hollow space in the explosive charge, a substantially funnel-shaped insert longitudinally disposed in the device to serve as a lining for the hollow space, said insert having working surfaces which are so shaped that during the detonation of the explosive charge a tangential component of force is imparted by the detonation pressure to the parts of the material of the insert to cause the insert to rotate as it is propelled, said insert being shaped as a stepped cone having surface steps, as viewed in cross-section in a plane at right angles to the longitudinal axis of the cone, interconnected with curved boundary lines as generating surfaces, the curvatures of the boundary lines being so arranged and so formed that their centers follow each other on a circle around the longitudinal axis of the cone, a projectile provided in the insert and which is an elongated spike-like object, and at least part of the surface of the insert is provided with roughed portions having an angle of twist.
3. A hollow charge explosive device comprising a casing with an explosive charge therein, with a hollow space in the explosive charge, a substantially funnel-shaped insert longitudinally disposed in the device to serve as a lining for the hollow space, said insert having working surfaces which are so shaped that during the detonation of the explosive charge a tangential component of force is imparted by the detonation pressure to the parts of the material of the insert to cause the insert to rotate as it is propelled, said insert being shaped as a cone of a stepped spiral form having surface steps, as viewed in cross-section in a plane at right angles to the longitudinal axis of the cone, interconnected with curved boundary lines as generating surfaces so that the centers of the curvatures follow each other on a circle around the longitudinal axis ll. of the cone, a projectile provided in the insert and which is an elongated spike-like object, and at least part of the surface of the insert is provided with grooves having an angle of twist.
4. A hollow charge explosive device comprising a casing with an explosive charge therein, with a hollow space in the explosive charge, a substantially funnel-shaped insert longitudinally disposed in the device to serve as a lining for the hollow space, said insert having working surfaces which are so shaped that during the detonation of the explosive charge a tangential component of force is imparted by the detonation pressure to the parts of the material of the insert to cause the insert to rotate as it is propelled, said insert being shaped as a cone of a stepped spiral form having surface steps, as viewed in cross-section in a plane at right angles to the longitudinal axis of the cone, interconnected with curved boundary lines as generating surfaces so that the centers of the curvatures follow each other on a circle around the longitudinal axis of the cone, a projectile provided in the insert and which is an elongated spike-like object, and at least part of the surface of the insert is provided with roughed portions having an angle of twist.
References Cited in the file of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS 2,238,939 Lewis et al. Apr. 22, 1942 2,326,310 Johnson et al Aug. 10, 1943 2,796,833 Sweetman June 25, 1957 2,856,850 Church et a1 Oct. 21, 1958 2,887,953 Mager May 26, 1959 FOREIGN PATENTS 447,121 Canada Mar. 9, 1948 1,077,914 France May 29, 1953

Claims (1)

1. A HOLLOW CHARGE EXPLOSIVE DEVICE COMPRISING A CASING WITH AN EXPLOSIVE CHARGE WITH A HOLLOW SPACE IN THE EXPLOSIVE CHARGE, A SUBSTANTIALLY FUNNEL-SHAPED INERT LONGITUDINALLY DISPOSED IN THE DEVICE TO SERVE AS A LINING FOR THE HOLLOW SPACE, SAID INSERT HAVING WORKING SURFACES WHICH ARE SO SHAPED THAT DURING THE DETONATION OF THE EXPLOSIVE CHARGE A TANGENTIAL COMPONENT OF FORCE IS IMPARTED BY THE DETONATION PRESSURE TO THE PARTS OF THE MATERIAL OF THE INSERT TO CAUSE THE INSERT TO ROTATE AS IT IS PROPELLED, SAID INSERT BEING SHAPED AS A STEPPED CONE HAVING SURFACE STEPS, AS VIEWED IN CROSS-SECTION IN A PLANE AT RIGHT ANGLES TO THE LONGITUDINAL AXIS OF THE CONE, INTERCONNECTED WITH CURVED BOUNDARY LINES AS GENERATING SURFACES, THE CURVATURES OF THE BOUNDARY LINES BEING SO ARRANGED AND SO FORMED THAT THEIR CENTERS FOLLOW EACH OTHER ON A CIRCLE AROUND THE LONGITUDINAL AXIS OF THE CONE, A PROJECTILE PROVIDED IN THE INSERT AND WHICH IS AN ELONGATED SPIKE-LIKE OBJECT, AND AT LEAST PART OF THE SURFACE OF THE INSERT IS PROVIDED WITH GROOVES HAVING AN ANGLE OF TWIST.
US814642A 1958-05-24 1959-05-20 Shaped charge with rotational insert Expired - Lifetime US3146711A (en)

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DER23409A DE1140108B (en) 1958-05-24 1958-05-24 Method and device for generating a mass jet moving forward at high speed and rotating at high angular speed

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Cited By (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3976010A (en) * 1973-04-16 1976-08-24 Whittaker Corporation Spin compensated liner for shaped charge ammunition and method of making same
US4982667A (en) * 1983-08-19 1991-01-08 Franhofer-Gesellschaft Zur Forderung Der Angewandten Forschung E.V. Arrangement for production of explosively formed projectiles
US5155297A (en) * 1984-07-21 1992-10-13 Diehl Gmbh & Co. Projectile-forming explosive charge insert
US5551346A (en) * 1995-10-17 1996-09-03 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Army Apparatus for dispersing a jet from a shaped charge liner via non-uniform liner mass
US5569873A (en) * 1995-10-17 1996-10-29 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Army Method for dispersing a jet from a shaped charge liner via spin compensated liners
DE10019305A1 (en) * 2000-04-19 2001-10-31 Schade Thomas Hollow charge hand boring implement has hollow charge body with auxiliary charge and plasma flow control switches
WO2006092637A3 (en) * 2005-03-03 2007-04-05 Hellenic Defence Systems S A Grenade, 40mm x 53. high velocity, dual purpose
US9932792B2 (en) * 2013-11-19 2018-04-03 Shell Oil Company Tool

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2227298B (en) * 1984-08-28 1991-02-13 Fraunhofer Ges Forschung A device for producing explosively shaped projectiles
CN115846680B (en) * 2022-11-25 2024-10-18 北京理工大学唐山研究院 Anti-rotation liner additive manufacturing method with variable density distribution

Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2238939A (en) * 1939-01-21 1941-04-22 Du Pont Blasting assembly
US2326310A (en) * 1939-03-09 1943-08-10 Du Pont End closure for explosive cartridges
CA447121A (en) * 1948-03-09 Anstalt Fur Die Entwicklung Von Erfindungen Und Gewerblichen Anwendungen Energa Vaduz Perforating explosive projectiles with blunderbuss thrower
FR1077914A (en) * 1952-07-09 1954-11-12 Bombrini Parodi Delfino S P A Ultra-sensitive head projectile
US2796833A (en) * 1952-05-10 1957-06-25 William G Sweetman Perforating devices
US2856850A (en) * 1954-03-22 1958-10-21 Joseph H Church Shaped charge
US2887953A (en) * 1955-03-08 1959-05-26 Mager Herbert Explosive cartridge

Family Cites Families (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR1002092A (en) * 1946-07-25 1952-03-03 Soc Tech De Rech Ind Perforating projectiles improvements
NL170757B (en) * 1951-09-12 Akzo Nv PROCEDURE FOR CLEANING AND PROTECTING AN IRON OR STEEL SURFACE AGAINST RUST.

Patent Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CA447121A (en) * 1948-03-09 Anstalt Fur Die Entwicklung Von Erfindungen Und Gewerblichen Anwendungen Energa Vaduz Perforating explosive projectiles with blunderbuss thrower
US2238939A (en) * 1939-01-21 1941-04-22 Du Pont Blasting assembly
US2326310A (en) * 1939-03-09 1943-08-10 Du Pont End closure for explosive cartridges
US2796833A (en) * 1952-05-10 1957-06-25 William G Sweetman Perforating devices
FR1077914A (en) * 1952-07-09 1954-11-12 Bombrini Parodi Delfino S P A Ultra-sensitive head projectile
US2856850A (en) * 1954-03-22 1958-10-21 Joseph H Church Shaped charge
US2887953A (en) * 1955-03-08 1959-05-26 Mager Herbert Explosive cartridge

Cited By (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3976010A (en) * 1973-04-16 1976-08-24 Whittaker Corporation Spin compensated liner for shaped charge ammunition and method of making same
US4982667A (en) * 1983-08-19 1991-01-08 Franhofer-Gesellschaft Zur Forderung Der Angewandten Forschung E.V. Arrangement for production of explosively formed projectiles
US5155297A (en) * 1984-07-21 1992-10-13 Diehl Gmbh & Co. Projectile-forming explosive charge insert
US5551346A (en) * 1995-10-17 1996-09-03 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Army Apparatus for dispersing a jet from a shaped charge liner via non-uniform liner mass
US5569873A (en) * 1995-10-17 1996-10-29 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Army Method for dispersing a jet from a shaped charge liner via spin compensated liners
DE10019305A1 (en) * 2000-04-19 2001-10-31 Schade Thomas Hollow charge hand boring implement has hollow charge body with auxiliary charge and plasma flow control switches
DE10019305C2 (en) * 2000-04-19 2002-10-02 Schade Thomas Handguns tool
WO2006092637A3 (en) * 2005-03-03 2007-04-05 Hellenic Defence Systems S A Grenade, 40mm x 53. high velocity, dual purpose
US9932792B2 (en) * 2013-11-19 2018-04-03 Shell Oil Company Tool

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GB924467A (en) 1963-04-24
DE1140108B (en) 1962-11-22
BE578895A (en) 1961-08-01

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