US3146575A - Bulky composite stretch yarn - Google Patents

Bulky composite stretch yarn Download PDF

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Publication number
US3146575A
US3146575A US131119A US13111961A US3146575A US 3146575 A US3146575 A US 3146575A US 131119 A US131119 A US 131119A US 13111961 A US13111961 A US 13111961A US 3146575 A US3146575 A US 3146575A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
yarn
fibers
thermoplastic
cross linking
cellulose
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Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
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US131119A
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English (en)
Inventor
Geoffrey V Lund
Robert D Smith
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Akzo Nobel UK PLC
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Courtaulds PLC
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Filing date
Publication date
Priority to NL282060D priority Critical patent/NL282060A/xx
Application filed by Courtaulds PLC filed Critical Courtaulds PLC
Priority to US131119A priority patent/US3146575A/en
Priority to GB30907/62A priority patent/GB941244A/en
Priority to US351882A priority patent/US3220085A/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US3146575A publication Critical patent/US3146575A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D02—YARNS; MECHANICAL FINISHING OF YARNS OR ROPES; WARPING OR BEAMING
    • D02G—CRIMPING OR CURLING FIBRES, FILAMENTS, THREADS, OR YARNS; YARNS OR THREADS
    • D02G1/00—Producing crimped or curled fibres, filaments, yarns, or threads, giving them latent characteristics
    • D02G1/18—Producing crimped or curled fibres, filaments, yarns, or threads, giving them latent characteristics by combining fibres, filaments, or yarns, having different shrinkage characteristics
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
    • D06M13/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with non-macromolecular organic compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment
    • D06M13/10—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with non-macromolecular organic compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment with compounds containing oxygen
    • D06M13/12—Aldehydes; Ketones

Definitions

  • the present invention provides a new type of yarn which is both bulky and stretchy.
  • a yarn which comprises thermoplastic fibers and cross linked cellulosic filamentary material in which at least a major portion of said cross linked cellulosic fibers have a memory, rendered permanent by the cross linking, for a physical position in which the individual filaments are buckled or folded under themselves.
  • Such composite yarns are made, in accordance with the invention, by blending thermoplastic filamentary material with cellulosic filamentary material, heating the resulting yarn to shrink the thermoplastic filamentary material, thus folding the cellulosic material upon itself, and cross linking the cellulosic material.
  • FIG. 1 shows schematically a yarn in accordance with the invention, before heating
  • FIG. 2 shows schematically a yarn in accordance with the invention after heating and cross-linking.
  • a yarn 1 for use in the invention comprises cellulosic fibers 2 and thermoplastic fibers 3. After heating and cross-linking the yarn 1 is bulked (as shown in FIG. 2), the thermoplastic fibers 3 being shortened and the cellulosic fibers 2 being folded upon themselves.
  • thermoplastic filamentary material used in the present invention may be any thermoplastic filaments which shrink when heated.
  • Polyolefin fibers such as polyethylene or polypropylene fibers are particularly suitable but other similar materials can be used such as nylons, polyesters, e.g. polyethylene terephthalate, vinyl chloride, vinyl acetate, acrylontrile, acrylic ester and cellulose ester, e.g., cellulose acetate fibers.
  • the thermoplastic filamentary material is present in the yarn as staple fiber.
  • the denier of the thermoplastic filaments is not critical and will, of course, vary with the composition of the filaments, but will usually be from about 1.5 to about 15.
  • the cellulosic filamentary material may be natural cellulosic fiber such as cotton, linen, jute, sisal and hemp, or it may be regenerated cellulose in which case it may be made by any desired process, e.g. by the viscose, cuprammonium, nitrate processes or by the saponification of cellulose esters such as cellulose acetate.
  • Preferably staple fiber is used.
  • the denier of the filaments may again vary widely but will usually be from about 1.5 to about 15.
  • the cellulosic filamentary material may be cross linked by any of the reagents known to the art. These include formaldehyde, dialdehydes such as glutaraldehyde and adipaldehyde, hydroxy aldehydes such as hydroxyadipaldehyde, mixed aldehydes such as acrolein, glycidyl aldehydes; the so-called reactant type resins, for example modified urea resins, i.e.
  • methylol compounds such as methylated methylol urea, partially polymerized methyl ated methylol urea, methylated and unmethylated methylol ethylene ureas, such as dimethylol ethylene urea, and methylated and unmethylated methylol 1,2-propylene ureas, as well as dimethylol triazines, triazones, and the like; polyacetals (including diacetals) of polyhydroxy compounds, for example, the products described in Patent No.
  • Still other cross linking agents in common use and which may be employed in the present invention are the heat hardenable resins. These include the aminoplasts which may be defined as heat hardenable condensation products of compounds having at least two amino hydrogens, with methylol forming compounds. Typical aminoplasts are urea-formaldehyde, melamine formaldehyde, dicyandiamide formaldehyde, guanadine formaldehyde and combinations of these. The term is also used to include the methylol-amino-epihalohydrin compounds described in Daul Patent No. 2,960,484. Other resinous cross linking agents include those formed by the reaction of formaldehyde and acrolein as described in Patent No.
  • cross linking agent is not a part of the invention. Of the various agents listed above, formaldehyde and dimethylol ethylene urea will be found especially useful.
  • both the thermoplastic and the cellulose filamentary materials are staple fiber they may be blended before spinning on conventional textile machinery.
  • both cotton and rayon yarns are conventionally made using the well known cotton system of spinning.
  • the fiber is taken from the bale, and run through a picker to form a lap.
  • the lap is delivered to a carder.
  • the carder fibers may be combed and are then drawn, slubbed, and spun.
  • the blending is preferably carried out in the picker, i.e. by adding the thermoplastic fibers to the cellulosic fibers as the latter are bing processed in the picker. This insures maximum dispersion.
  • the mixing can take place at any convenient place prior to spinning.
  • other systems than the cotton system may be employed.
  • thermoplastic and cellulosic yarns which are blended are open to considerable variation, and depend on the type of fibers being used and on the relative denier of the two fibers.
  • An overall range (percent by weight) would be from about 25% cellulose and about thermoplastic to about cellulose and about 5% thermoplastic.
  • the blends will contain (by weight) from about 5% thermoplastic and 95% cellulose to about 35% thermoplastic and about 65% cellulose.
  • the cross linking agent may be present in the cellulose fiber at the time of blending. However, cross linking of the cellulose must not take place until after the fibers have assumed their folded positions. Hence care must be taken that the combination of cross linking agent and curing agent used is such that premature curing does not take place. In most cases it is preferable to impregnate the blended yarn with curing agent and since in most cases shrinking of the yarn will require a temperature at least equal to the curing temperature of the cross linking agent, it is preferred to impregnate the yarn after it has been shrunk.
  • Shrinking of the yarn is carried out by simply heating the yarn in a relaxed condition.
  • the temperature required will of course depend on the nature of the thermoplastic fiber and can range from say 70 to 250 C. Any suitable heating apparatus may be employed.
  • the yarn may be passed through a bath of the agent or the yarn or a bundle of yarns may be laid down in a plaited pattern on a moving belt and subjected to a spray or bath of a liquor containing the reagent.
  • the concentration of the cross linking agent in the treating liquor will of course depend on the amount of cross linking it is desired to effect, on the composition of the yarn and On the efiiciency of the cross linking agent. In general it should be such as to deposit on the yarn between about 0.1 and about 15% cross linking agent, based on the dry weight of cellulose in the yarn.
  • the yarn After the yarn has been impregnated, it may be dried at a temperature of say 120 to 150 C. and cured at a temperature which will depend on the cross linking agent used, but which will in general range between about 150 C. and about 190 C. If desired, drying and curing may be carried out simultaneously. The yarn should be in a relaxed condition during both drying and curing.
  • impregnation may be carried out before shrinking, and shrinking and curing effected simultaneously.
  • the results are not as satisfactory as when the yarn is fully shrunk prior to curing.
  • EXAMPLE 1 A yarn containing 25% by weight 2 inch, 3 denier polypropylene staple fiber and 75% 2 inch, 3 denier viscose rayon staple fiber is prepared using the cotton system, by adding both the polypropylene staple and the rayon to the picker. The yarn is then treated with an aqueous solution containing, by weight, dimethylol ethylene urea and 3% lvigCl -6H O. It is padded to 100% pickup, dried at about 80 C. and heated at 160 C. for 3 minutes to effect curing and shrinkage simultaneously. A shrinkage of 10% is observed. Samples of the yarn each ten inches long are then loaded with various weights and the stretch measured. The weights are then removed and the recovery measured. The results are given in Table A below:
  • Example 2 The yarn used in Example 1, containing 25% by weight 2 inch, 3 denier polypropylene staple fiber and by weight 2 inch, 3 denier viscose rayon staple fiber is heated at 160 C. without impregnation with cross linking agent. A shrinkage of 26% is observed.
  • the bulky yarn so obtained is treated with an aqueous solution containing 10% by weight dimethylol ethylene urea and 3% MgCl .6H O, padded to 100% pickup, dried at about C., and cured for three minutes at 160 C.
  • EXAMPLE 3 The yarn used in Examples 1 and 2 is heated to 160 C. to etfect a shrinkage of 26% and then impregnated with an aqueous solution containing 3% HCHO and 3% MgCl .6H O. It is padded to pickup, dried at 80 C. and heated to C. for 3 minutes to effect curing. A bulk yarn having excellent elastic recovery is obtained.
  • thermoplastic fibers and cross linked cellulosic fibers having a memory, rendered permanent by said cross linking, for a physical position in which they are folded upon themselves.
  • thermoplastic fibers are polyolefin fibers.
  • thermoplastic fibers are polypropylene fibers.
  • a bulky, stretchy, composite yarn of thermoplastic fibers and cross linked cellulosic fibers said yarn being capable of assuming an extended position and a relaxed position, and cellulosic fibers being folded upon themselves when said yarn is in the relaxed position and when said yarn is extended, retaining a memory rendered permanent by said cross linking, for the position in which they are folded upon themselves.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Treatments For Attaching Organic Compounds To Fibrous Goods (AREA)
  • Yarns And Mechanical Finishing Of Yarns Or Ropes (AREA)
US131119A 1961-08-14 1961-08-14 Bulky composite stretch yarn Expired - Lifetime US3146575A (en)

Priority Applications (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
NL282060D NL282060A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1961-08-14
US131119A US3146575A (en) 1961-08-14 1961-08-14 Bulky composite stretch yarn
GB30907/62A GB941244A (en) 1961-08-14 1962-08-13 Yarns and their manufacture
US351882A US3220085A (en) 1961-08-14 1964-02-14 Textile process for forming stretching yarn

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US131119A US3146575A (en) 1961-08-14 1961-08-14 Bulky composite stretch yarn

Publications (1)

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US3146575A true US3146575A (en) 1964-09-01

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US (1) US3146575A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
GB (1) GB941244A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
NL (1) NL282060A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)

Cited By (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3251097A (en) * 1963-10-07 1966-05-17 Eastman Kodak Co Methods for producing blended yarn
US3268384A (en) * 1964-03-23 1966-08-23 Stevens & Co Inc J P Novelty glass fabric
US3290752A (en) * 1963-03-26 1966-12-13 Thomaston Cotton Mills Woven cotton-polyester blend fabrics having recoverable stretch characteristics
US3380244A (en) * 1966-02-01 1968-04-30 Du Pont Core-spun elastic yarn product and process
US3430314A (en) * 1964-10-07 1969-03-04 Courtaulds Ltd Method of bulking textile yarns
US3438842A (en) * 1967-10-20 1969-04-15 Johnson & Johnson Woven stretch fabric and methods of manufacturing the same
US3472017A (en) * 1964-08-10 1969-10-14 Asahi Chemical Ind Specific filament yarns
US3498042A (en) * 1966-11-02 1970-03-03 Celanese Corp Staple blend of 3-methylbutene-1 copolymer and cellulosic fibers
US5487936A (en) * 1994-03-21 1996-01-30 Collier Campbell Ltd. Textile fabrics of differential weave comprising multifilament threads wherein individual filaments have a linear density of one decitex or less
CN105401287A (zh) * 2015-10-28 2016-03-16 绍兴华通色纺有限公司 一种精细化大麻与再生纤维素纤维高支混纺纱的生产方法

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2233990A (en) * 1989-07-21 1991-01-23 Ohira Masatetsu Form memory thread

Citations (14)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2277782A (en) * 1939-05-03 1942-03-31 Carbide & Carbon Chem Corp Crimping materials containing synthetic textile fibers
GB547886A (en) * 1941-03-13 1942-09-16 Angus Smith Bell Improvements in or relating to the production of voluminous yarns
GB547887A (en) * 1941-03-13 1942-09-16 Angus Smith Bell Improvements in or relating to the production of fabrics of a voluminous character
US2325060A (en) * 1942-02-25 1943-07-27 Du Pont Nonshrinking yarn
US2504523A (en) * 1948-05-28 1950-04-18 Godfrey Bloch Inc Fabric-making material
US2701406A (en) * 1952-07-09 1955-02-08 Bloch Godfrey Fabric and method of making same
US2805465A (en) * 1954-12-21 1957-09-10 American Viscose Corp Composite yarns and fabrics
US2906001A (en) * 1956-02-16 1959-09-29 Grove Silk Company Method of preparing yarn and stretchable articles
US2960752A (en) * 1955-11-04 1960-11-22 American Cyanamid Co Method for producing a crimped tow
US2985940A (en) * 1955-11-30 1961-05-30 Du Pont Production of high bulk fabrics from staple fiber mixtures
US3007227A (en) * 1957-04-30 1961-11-07 Du Pont Staple fiber blends
US3007226A (en) * 1959-10-06 1961-11-07 American Cyanamid Co Method of processing a tow of filamentary material
US3008215A (en) * 1958-01-31 1961-11-14 Du Pont Antistatic textile material
US3039167A (en) * 1959-09-02 1962-06-19 Courtaulds North America Inc Method for improving the properties of fabrics containing cross-linked regenerated cellulose material

Patent Citations (14)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2277782A (en) * 1939-05-03 1942-03-31 Carbide & Carbon Chem Corp Crimping materials containing synthetic textile fibers
GB547886A (en) * 1941-03-13 1942-09-16 Angus Smith Bell Improvements in or relating to the production of voluminous yarns
GB547887A (en) * 1941-03-13 1942-09-16 Angus Smith Bell Improvements in or relating to the production of fabrics of a voluminous character
US2325060A (en) * 1942-02-25 1943-07-27 Du Pont Nonshrinking yarn
US2504523A (en) * 1948-05-28 1950-04-18 Godfrey Bloch Inc Fabric-making material
US2701406A (en) * 1952-07-09 1955-02-08 Bloch Godfrey Fabric and method of making same
US2805465A (en) * 1954-12-21 1957-09-10 American Viscose Corp Composite yarns and fabrics
US2960752A (en) * 1955-11-04 1960-11-22 American Cyanamid Co Method for producing a crimped tow
US2985940A (en) * 1955-11-30 1961-05-30 Du Pont Production of high bulk fabrics from staple fiber mixtures
US2906001A (en) * 1956-02-16 1959-09-29 Grove Silk Company Method of preparing yarn and stretchable articles
US3007227A (en) * 1957-04-30 1961-11-07 Du Pont Staple fiber blends
US3008215A (en) * 1958-01-31 1961-11-14 Du Pont Antistatic textile material
US3039167A (en) * 1959-09-02 1962-06-19 Courtaulds North America Inc Method for improving the properties of fabrics containing cross-linked regenerated cellulose material
US3007226A (en) * 1959-10-06 1961-11-07 American Cyanamid Co Method of processing a tow of filamentary material

Cited By (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3290752A (en) * 1963-03-26 1966-12-13 Thomaston Cotton Mills Woven cotton-polyester blend fabrics having recoverable stretch characteristics
US3251097A (en) * 1963-10-07 1966-05-17 Eastman Kodak Co Methods for producing blended yarn
US3268384A (en) * 1964-03-23 1966-08-23 Stevens & Co Inc J P Novelty glass fabric
US3472017A (en) * 1964-08-10 1969-10-14 Asahi Chemical Ind Specific filament yarns
US3430314A (en) * 1964-10-07 1969-03-04 Courtaulds Ltd Method of bulking textile yarns
US3380244A (en) * 1966-02-01 1968-04-30 Du Pont Core-spun elastic yarn product and process
US3498042A (en) * 1966-11-02 1970-03-03 Celanese Corp Staple blend of 3-methylbutene-1 copolymer and cellulosic fibers
US3438842A (en) * 1967-10-20 1969-04-15 Johnson & Johnson Woven stretch fabric and methods of manufacturing the same
US5487936A (en) * 1994-03-21 1996-01-30 Collier Campbell Ltd. Textile fabrics of differential weave comprising multifilament threads wherein individual filaments have a linear density of one decitex or less
CN105401287A (zh) * 2015-10-28 2016-03-16 绍兴华通色纺有限公司 一种精细化大麻与再生纤维素纤维高支混纺纱的生产方法

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Publication number Publication date
GB941244A (en) 1963-11-06
NL282060A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)

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