US313861A - Apparatus for purifying gas - Google Patents

Description

(No Model.)

A. O. GRANGER.

APPARATUS FOR PURIFYING GAS.

No. 313,861. Patented Mar. 17,1885.

N, PETERS. Phumumu m mr, Washinglen. ac.

NITED STATES PATENT nron.

ARTHUR O. GRANGER, OF PHILADELPHIA, PENNSYLVANIA.

APPARATUS FOR PURIFYING GAS.

EPECIPICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 313,861, dated March 17, 1885.

(No model.)

To aZZ whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, ARTHUR O. GRANGER, of the city and county of Philadelphia, and State of Pennsylvania, have invented a new and useful Improvement in Purifying Apparatus for Gas, of which the following is a specification.

My invention has reference to purifying apparatus for gas, but particularly relates to the construction of the scrubber and its relative arrangement with the condensers; and it consists in certain improvements therein, all of which is fully set forth in the following specification, and shown in the accompanying drawings, which form part thereof.

Heretofore scrubbers have been made by filling a chamber or tank with wooden slats, wooden balls, coke, 850.

My improvement consists in a cylindrical tank provided with one or more vertical diaphragms, so arranged as to cause the gas to pass the full length of the scrubber several times, and one or more of said chambers so formed are filled or partially filled with thin. iron plates, preferably inclined at an angle, and supported by brackets attached to the diaphragms, the said plates being perforated with holes or slots of varying sizes, the largest being toward the inlet and the smaller toward the outlet. Water may be sprayed by suitable nozzles into one or more of the chambers, and by a suitable arrangement of valves and pipes steam may be blown into or through said chambers for cleaning purposes, and by means of these thin plates the gas is thoroughly broken" up into very small streams, and by the attrition the globules or vesicles are broken, and the tarry or foreign matters are taken from the gas, and this tar, &c., is carried away by drip-pipes to a suitable well. The condensers are simply of the well-known tubular construction, and coupled or com- I bined with the scrubber by suitable piping,

and furnished with watersupply and dis charge pipes, whereby the circulation is such as to obtain the greatest cooling effect from the smallest amount of water. In many cases the gas is allowed to pass in at the bottom of the condensers and out at the top, and the wator-inlet is placed at the top, and the overflow so placed as to render it impossible to tell whether the full cooling effect'has been attained. \Vith my improvement the gas and the water travel in opposite directions,the gas-inlet of the condenser being always at the top and. the outlet always at the bottom, while the water-inlet is always at the bottom and the outlet or overflow at the top, and while two or more condensers are placed together, as shown, the cold water is admitted at the bottom of the last condenser, or the one farthest away from the generating apparatus, and the overflow is carried to the bottom of the neXt condenser, and so on, no matter how many condensers are used. A valve is placed in the overflow of the last condenser, and the supply of water is regulated by this valve, so that the overflow water may be kept at any temperature desired. This hot overflow may be used for scrubbers to advantage, if sodesired. By this means the gas enters the condenser or series of condensers at a part where the water is hottest, and leaves it where the water is coldest, the reduction in temperature being gradual, and the more perfect condensation and removal of the watery or vapory constituents of the gas is effected.

In the drawings, Figure 1 is a sectional ele' vation of my improved purifying apparatus. Fig. 2 is a perspective view of the perforated plates in the middle chamber of the scrubber. Fig. 3 is a similar view of the perforated plates in one of the outer chambers.

A is a scrubber, and consists of a sheetiron shell provided with the vertical diaphragms D, the former of which does not extend to within about two feet of the bottom and the latter within about the same distance from the top, forming the chambers O, O, and O".

A is the inlet forthe gas, and is located at the upper part of the chamber 0, and I is the outlet for the gas from the scrubber, and opens from the bottom of the chamber (3 The chamber 0 is preferably left open and clear throughout its entire length, and the gas in passing from said chamber (3 to chamber 0 is caused to flow through the perforated screens E, which may be detachably held in suitable frames, 01. These screens E may be severalin' number, and the one through which the gas screens are preferably decreased in area from the point where the gas enters chamber 0 to where it leaves the chamber 0 I G are man-holes through which the screens may be inserted, and to facilitate the insertion of said screens they are formed in sections, as indicated in Figs. 2 and 3.

N is a watersupply'pipe, and O O are spraying-nozzles to spray water into each of the chambers of the scrubbers.

P is a steam-nozzle for directing the current of steam against the screens E and for general cleansing purposes, and, if desired,'in .place of steam, water may be injected.

. e are discharge-pipes by which the waste water and tarry matters may run from the bottom of the scrubber into suitable wells.

\ G are cleaning door's upon top of the scrubber and over each of the compartments or chambers.

B B are the condensers, and are formed with an upper chamber, K, and a lower chamber, K, connected together by cooling pipes J.

The outlet-pipe I over the scrubber connects with the upper chamber K of one condenser, and the outlet over the bottom of said condenser connects with the upper chamber K of the next condenser, and so on, according as there are two or more condensers, l repre= senting the discharge over thelast condenser, as shown. J are secured plugs arranged in the head of the condensers and over the tubes J for cleaning purposes. The water enters the condensers and flows around the tubes J, being admitted by supply-pipe L, provided with a valve, L, which supply enters the bot-tom of the condenser farthest removed 7 from the generator, or adjacent to. the final discharge-pipe for the gas, and the water which flows through the said condenser passes out at the top by pipe M and enters the-bottom of the next condenser, and soon, and the overflow from the last condenser (or the one next to the scrubber) may pass by the pipe N to the spraying-nozzle O 0 of the condenser, and said pipe may be provided with a valve, N, to regulate the flow of water through said condensers. By this apparatus the gas is first purified from the great excess of tarry matters by the screens E, then further purified by passing up and down through the screens E and E over and through which water is constantly flowing, and in this purified condition it passes successively through the condensers B, where all watery and pory substances are thoroughly removed by the gradual and positive increase in refrigeration to which it is subjected, and finally escapes in a non-condensable condition of the holder.

The direction of travel of the gas and water are indicated by arrows.

In place of the plates E and E wire-gauze may be used or a large number of metal slats may be placed close to each other in layers, and the angle of said screens or plates may be varied, as desired.

While I have shown the chamber ,0 as being devoid of screens, it is self-evident that said chamber may contain screens with large apertures, if so desired, and while I have shown three chambers as said scrubber it is to be understood that I do not limit myself to any particular number, as one or more chambers haw ing screens in which the apertures are gradu- 85 ally reduced in area are comprehended in my invention.

Having described my invention, what I claim as new,-and desire to secure by Letters Patent, 18*

1. In a scrubber, the combination of chambers G 0', screens E and E, substantially as and for the purpose specified.

2. In a scrubber, the combination of chain bers C 0', screens E and E, and steam-pipe 5 P, substantially as and for the purpose specified.

3. In a scrubber, the combination of cham bers O 0, screens E and E, and spraying-nozzles 0 O, substantially as and for the purpose 10o specified.

4. The combination of the condensers, two or more in number, gas-passages from the bot tom of one opening into the top of the next,

a water-supply pipe to the bottom of the con- 10 5 denser from which the gas finally escapes, and water-overflow pipes connecting the top of the said condenser with the bottom of the next,

and so on, whereby the warmest water discharges where the gas enters, and the coldest I I0 water enters where the gas escapes, a scrub ber provided with spraying-nozzles and connecting-pipes, by which said nozzles receive their supply from the overflow from the condensers, substantially as and for the purpose II 5 specified.

5. The combination of shell A, chambers G, O, and O screens E, E, and E, nozzles O O, steam-pipe P, inlet A, and outlet I, substantially as and for the purpose specified.

6. A scrubber having perforated plates through which the gas must pass, supported in guides and adapted to be withdrawn for cleansing without opening the scrubber, substantially as and for the purpose specified.

7. A scrubber having perforated plates through which the gas must pass, the said plates being formed in sections of different areas and shapes, so that when placed side by side they shall conform to the curved walls of I the scrubber.

8. In a scrubber, the combination of. com:

partments O and G dividing-Wall D, and In testimony of which invention I hereunto 1o inclined perforated plates E and E, substanset my hand. tially as and for the purpose specified.

9. In a scrubber, the combination of com- ARTHUR O. GRANGER. 5 partrnents O 0 G dividing-plates D D, in-

clined perforated plates E E", screens E, wa- Witnesses: ter-spraying nozzles O O, inlet A and outlet R. M. HUNTER, I, substantially as and for the purpose speei- WILLIAM G. MAYNE, fie

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